US1259492A - Lantern-plate. - Google Patents

Description

W. A. DOREY & H. L. JENKINS.

LANTERN PLATE.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 19. I917.

Patented Mar. 19, 1918.

3 SHEETS-SHEET la x MM, M 354 61110141421 w. A DOBEY & H. L. JENKINS. LANTERN PLATE.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 19, [9|].

1 ,259,4;192 Patented Mar. 19, 1918 3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

8 nvewtoz 9PM awn/ J W. A. DOREY & H. L. JENKINS.

LANTERN PLATE. APPLICATION FILED APR. I9. I9I7.

1,259,492 Patented Mar. 19, 1918.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

UNITED STATES PATENT oruuca.

WILLIAM A. DOREY AND HOWARD L. JENKINS, OF NEWARK, OHIO, ASSIGNORS 'I'O HoLorHANE GLASS NEW JERSEY.

LANTERN-PLATE.

Specificationof Letters Patent.

COMPANY, me, on NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION or Patented Mar. 19, 1918.

Application filed April 19, 1917. Serial No. 163,231.

. To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, WILLIAM'A. DOREY and HowAiu) L. JENKINS, both citizens of the United States, residing at Newark, in the county of Licking and State of Ohio,

- have invented certain new and useful Imlamp.

to prevent all dazzlingrays of light from striking the 'eye of passers-by and at the same time to preservea good illumination of p the roadway at considerable distance in front of the car or lamp. .We achieve these results by use of a prismatic glass construction in combination with a horizontal diffusing shelf or projection.

Figure 1 is a view of the plate used in a preferred form of our invention, seen from the interior of the lamp.

Fig. 2 is a view from the top of the plate.

Fig. 3 is a vertical cross section of the same, shown inuse with an automobile'head Fig. 4 is a vertical crosssection of a further form of our invent1on shown in connection with an automobile headlamp.

Fig. 5 isa View of the top of the plate shown in Fig. 4. v

In Figs. 1, 2 and 3, A is the head light plate having vertical concave flutes J on" its outer surface 13, and upon its interior surface, the following prismatic construction. On its lower half, prisms C are placed concentric with reference to a'point slightly above the center of the plate,"and increasing in slope outand down from the general surface of the plate, so that. light incident on the same, is bent out and down to' the horizontal and below it. Above the horizontal center-line of-the inner surface of the plate, is placed a section containing two types of prisms. At the center are prisms D, concen-' tric around a point slightly below the center of the plate, decreasing in depth toward the center, whose function is to depress the distriking the reflector at I;

rect light from the lamp to the horizontal and below it The reflected light strikin the prisms D is thrown toward the axis 0 the lamp and down at a considerable angle. In the same section of the plate, and grouped around prism D as a center, are radial prisms E, whose function is to bend the direct light striking them down to the hori-" zontal,.and out at wide angles sidewise. The reflected rays striking the-radial-prisms' E are bent down to the horizontal, and slightlyv i below it, with very little lateral divergence. The uppermost part of the 'platehashori zontal prisms F on its inner surface, de-- them down to and below the horizontal. The i signed to bend the reflected light striking sloping'of prisms F is greatest'at the line "adjoimngsection D, and becomes gradually less as the top edge of the'section F is approached. Direct light emitted in the direction of prisms F is caught by proj i 3/5.

and is diffused before striking the upperpart of the plate. This projection has a.

contour at the outer edge, substantially that of a hyperbole, formed by intersecting the cone of direct light striking the plate, with a plane perpendicular to the plate. 9 The operation of this preferred form of the invention is shown with typical light rays in Fig. 3. Thelight source H is placed in the focus of a parabolic mirror I of the f usual type. a is a light ra proceeding from the center of the light source and striking the reflector at' a point 6,, where it will'be "reflected horizontally int he direction 6.; dis

the ray from the front. of'thelight source and 'will be re flected above the horizontal intheidirection 6. f is a lightray' roceedingfdrom the-extreme back of the llghtjsource and strikin the reflector at point 6; it will be reflecte 1 below the horizontal in the direction 9; that" portion of prismatic construction C. which receives the upward reflected ray 6, is so designed as to bend the light down so that it will be emitted from the late-.in the hori-- 'zontal direction k. The re ectedl'rays' c and g, willfbe-bent down to lower angles and emitted in directions 11 and j,- at a point on the reflector nearer to the light source than point I), the light ray 1 proceeding fromthe extreme front end. of the light source'will make a greater angle with the ray m from the center of thel'ight source striking the point is than the angle between the rays (1 and a striking the pointb. The ray Z will therefore be reflected in the direction 71 at an angle farther above the horizontal than the reflected ray 6, and it will therefore be necessary, in order that ray a be emitted in horizontal-direction 0 that that part of the prismatic construction C receiving the ray a be at a greater angle with the general surface of the plate than that part of the prismatic construction which refracts the ray 6.

In general the spread of the reflected beam v will. increase as the distance'from the points on the reflector to the light source decreases, and therefore the upward divergcnceof the extreme reflected rays will increase toward the center of the plate, and it will be necessary 'to increase the sla'ntof the prismatic coi'istruction 0 toward the center of the plate, in order that these extreme upward reflected rays may be refracted down to the horizontal.

Light rays 79 proceeding from the extreme front point of the light source, and falling directly on the plate at point (I will be refracted .downward by prismatic construction D so that it will be emitted in horizontal direction r. Light coming direct from any other portion of the filament and striking the point will be refracted so as to be emitted below the horizontal, the light ray 8 proceeding from the center of the light source and striking the reflector at point t and reflected horizontally in direction a will strike the point 9' and be refratted by the prismatic construction I) so that it will be emitted. in direction 11, considerably below the horizontal. i

The radial prisms in the portion .of the plate E bend the light rays comingdirect from the source down to the horizontal and below it, without affecting their laterals spread to a material degree. Their action on the reflected light is .to bend it to small angles below the horizontal and slightly out ward. That portion ofthe cone of direct light eniitted between the horizontal plane passing through the axis of the lamp and a plane perpendicular to the cross section and intersecting.san'le in line in, will be bent to the horizontal orbelmvdt by the prismatic constructions D and E. That portion of the cone of. direct light emittedlbetween the pl :i'ne i0, and, the con vex surfaee of i'tlie cone of direct light of which ,gj" i' diffused; Thus 'no'v :lightili ill zrcach the warm-nun direct from; their light source. w

is a light m proceeding frolrfthecenter of thefl'ight source, anclistriking the-reflector I atkapoint o; it'oiiiltbereflected horizon any indirection/N,

at o and,willbe reflected above-the h'orizon tal inilirectionsv. I risa l ghtray rat" is the raynfrom th baclr'sof the i ii slit source striking.the reflector prooeedmg from th egzextreme'front end oft'he' light source and striking the reflector at the point 41 where it will be reflected below the hori reflected rays u and 9 will be bent down to lower angles and emitted in directions m and k. the reflected light falling on the prismatic portion F. It is evident that the slant of the prisms will have to be increased toward the center as in the case of lower prismatic portion 0. The projection 7 will intercept and diffuse a portion of the reflected light, but since thegeneraI' direction of the reflected light is perpendicular tothe plate, and the projection is perpendicular to the plate, this action is reduced to a minimum. In the practical embodiment of this invention it will be found that the irregularities and variations existing in light sources and reflectors which may be treated as a virtual increase in size of the light source. As it is essential to suppress dazzling light above the light rays in a lateral direction, so as to increase the lateral Width of the light beam, or break up shadows, or accomplish both purposes. These flutes may be concave, convex, or concavo convex, and may partly or completely cover the outer face of the plate.

In Fig. 4, the light source II is placed in the focus of a parabolic mirror I .of the usual form. The prismatic construction on the interior of the plate, is of the same general This is typical of the action of all form as that shown in'Figs. 1 to 3. In 4 place of the one projection, three projections are used to diffuse that portion of the .direct light emitted above the horizontal, which is not re-directed by the prismatic constructions D and E. That portion of the cone of direct light emitted between a horicross section and intersecting same in line 1/; will fall upon the prismatic constructions and E and be refracted to the horizontal. and below it. That part of the cone of diwrectlight emitted between the plane to and the similar plane a: will fall upon the projection y and be diffused. 'Thatpart of the cone of direct light emitted between a plane to and the similar plane a Will strike the projection z and be diffused. That, portion of a:sectiongnwill e'zontal plane passing through the axis of be interce 'ited by. thenpro ctum 7 and be "the lamp and a plane perpendicular to the the cone of direct light emitted between the plane .2 andthe convex surface of the coneof direct light of which is the section, W111 be intercepted by the projection 00 and be (lifi'used. The action of the reflected light is as before. In cases where more than one projection are used, the outer edges are hvperbolic 1n contour, and the back edge of all but the outermost, will be substantially a straight line, parallelto" the plate surface. The above modification is preferablymsed when a single project-ion would give insufficient clearance for the lamp bulb..

Some of the advantages claimed for-my invention are set out 9JS follows. At all points in front of thevlantern and at either side all dazzling light. rays either from the.

Diverging direct light strikingthe prismatic constructlon E is concentrated immediately below the horizontal. and at widev angles sidewise so ,as tocall immediate attention of the driver to moving objects well. to the side of the car and to be cleared by the vehicle.

That portionof the entire reflected beam striking the lower half of the plane is symmetrical with reference to that portion of the beam striking the-upper half of the plate- Because of the concentric form of the prismatic construction C, the lower ,half of the beam is depressed slightly downward; and out and owing to the horizontal form of the prismatic construction B, that portion of the reflected beam is slightly depressed in a downward direction. If then there be variations in the combination of the light. source, reflector and plate tending to produce light and dark streaks in the beam, the different nature of the action of these two prismatic constructions will tend to obliterate such contrasts and producea beam of uniform brightness.

-We hav'shown and described the diffusing projections in-connection with a prismatic construction of a peculiar form adapted to refract substantially all of the-light from the reflector, parallel to or below a horizontal plane and at the same time to refract to or below that limit, all of the direct light whichcan be so re-directed without undue misdirection and absorption of light. The same principles will apply.

projected at a can.

. with changes in distribiltion below the limiting plane, if the plan of the prismatic construction in the three sections of the plate besomewhat changed, or if the hunting plane, beyond which the light rays are to be refracted be inclined with reference to a horizontal plane, or be, swung around with reference to the axis so as to limit the direction of light to one side of the axis of the plate and reflector. Our invention also aims to cover any refracting and difiusing con- }struction in connection with a diffusing member adapted for the purposes described. Our. invention is especially useful in connection with automobile head-lights, but is nal lamps or other illuminating appliances 7 where a stronglight combined with an absence' of blinding light is desired. In the claims we have used the term projecting member and this may be a single projecting member or it may be a plurality 'of'projecting members interspersed between theprismatic constructions as shown in the (drawing.

Having described our invention, what we clalm 1s:

' L A' lantern plate for use in connection I with a reflector, the plate having a prismatic construction adapted to refract the direct and reflected light rays in specified directions and a light difi'using projection'member, adapted to intercept and diffuse such light rays as cannot be so re-directed by'the prisms.

2. A lantern plate-for use in connection with a parabolic. reflector, the plate having a prismatic construction adapted to refract the direct and reflected light rays in speci- ,'fied directions and a light diffusing projection member, adapted to intercept and dlf-J fuse suchlight rays as cannot be so redirected by the prisms.

3. A lantern plate for use in connection with a specular parabolic reflector, the plate having a prismatic construction adapted to refra'ct the direct and reflected 1i ht rays in specified directions and a light diusing projection member adapted .to intercept and diffuse such light rays as cannot be so redirected by the prisms.

4. A lantern plate for use in connection with a specular parabolic reflector, the plate having prisms on its interior surface adapted to refract the directand reflected light rays in specified directions and a projection member" adapted to intercept and diffuse such light rays as cannot be so re-directed by the prisms.

5. A lantern plate for use in connection with a reflector, the plate having a plurality of prismatic constructions adapted to refract the direct and reflected light rays in specifled directions with interspersed light'difl'u slon'pro ectlon' members adapted to interso I useful in connection with street lamps, sig:

cept and difluse such light rays as cannot be so redirected by the prisms.

6. A lantern plate for use in connection with a reflector, the plate having a prismatic construction and a light diflusingf projection member, the prismatic construction being adapted to retract the direct and reflected light rays in directions parallel. to or below a horizontal plane, and the projection member being adapted to intercept and, diffuse such light rays as cannot be so .re-directed by the prisms.

7. A lantern plate for use in connection with a parabolic reflector, the plate having a prismatic construction and a light difl'us-. ing projection member the prismatic construction being adapted to refractthe direct and reflected light rays in directions parallel to or below a horizontal plane, and the projection member being adapted to intercept and diffuse such light rays as cannot be so redirected by the prisms.

8. A lantern plate for use in connection with a specular parabolic reflector, the plate having a prismatic construction and a light diflusing projection member, the prismatic construction being adapted to retract the direct and reflected light rays in directions parallel to or below a horizontal plane, and the projection member being adapted to intercept and difl'use such light rays as cannot be so re-directed by the prisms.

9. A lantern plate for use in connection with a specular parabolic reflector, the plate having a prismatid construction and an integral light diflusing projection member, the prismatic construction being adapted to refract the direct and reflected'light rays in directions parallel to or below a horizontal plane, and the projection member being adapted to intercept and diffuse such light rays as cannot be so redirected by the prisms.

10. A lantern plate for use in connection with a specular parabolic reflector, the plate having a prismatic construction on one surface and a light difiusing projection mem-' her, the prismatic construction being adapted to refract the direct and reflected light rays in directions parallel to or belo a horizontal plane, and the projection member being adapted to intercept and diffuse such light rays as cannot be so re-directed by the prisms.

11. A lantern plate for use in connection with a specular parabolic reflector, the plate having prisms on its interior surface, adapted to refract the direct and reflected light rays in directions parallel to or below a horizontal plane, and a projection member adapted to intercept and difl'use such light rays as cannot be so re-directed by the prisms; I

12, A lantern plate with a specular parabolic reflector, the plate.

for use in connection direct and reflected light rays in directions parallel to orbelow ahorizontal 'plane, and

the projection member being adapted to in tercept and difiuse such light rays as cannot be so re -directed by the prisms.

' 13. A lantern plate for use in connection with aspecular parabolic reflector, the plate having a prismatic construction and a light diffusing projection member, the prismatic construction dividing the plate into three horizontal transverse divisions, the uppermost having horizontal prisms, the central having prisms at its center concentric with reference to a point at or slightly below the.

center of the plate and radial prisms sur rounding same and the lower division having prisms concentric with reference to a point at or above the center ofthe plate,

such construction being adapted to retract the direct and reflected light rays in directions parallel to or below a horizontal plane, and the projection member being adapted,

to intercept and diffuse such light rays as T cannot be so re-directed by the prisms.

14. A lantern plate for use in connection 7':

with a specular parabolic reflector, the plate having an interior prismatic construction and a light diffusion projection member, the prismatic construction dividing the plate into three horizontal divisions, the uppei v most having horizontal prisms, the central having prisms at its center concentric with 1' reference to a point'at or slightly below the center of the plate and radial prisms surrounding same, and the lower division hall: ing prisms concentric with reference to a point at or above the center of the plate,

such construction being adapted to retract the direct and reflected light rays in directions parallel to or below a horizontalplane, and the projection member being adapted to intercept and difl'use such light rays as cannot be so re-directed by the prisms.

15. A lantern plate for use in connection i with a specular parabolic reflector, theplate having a prismatic construction on one sure face and light distributing construction on the opposite surface, and a light diffusing projection member, the prismatic and light distributing construction being adapted to refract the direct and reflected light. rays in F;, directions parallel to or below a horizontal planepand the projection member being adaptell to intercept and diffuse ,such light.

rays as cannot be .so redirected by the l V I 2 ate for use in connection,-

prisms. i

16. A lantern with a specular a ijabolic reflectonthe plate i 'ng on fonesurface, a light distributing ructi'on 'andfon'the'other, surfaceaplu constructions with intermac-see spersecl light difi'osing projection ineinberss the prismatic and light distributing constructions being adapted. to refrect the direct and reflecieri. light rays in (ii rections pai-cllei to or below a horizontal plane, end the projection member being adapted to intercept and clifiuse such light rays as cannot be so redirected o the prisms.

' 17. A lantern plate for use in minim-action I with a specular parabolic reflector, thepletc shelf, being sci-antes to interce ot and diffuse,

such light'reys es cannot be so ice-directed by the prisms.

19. A. lensern piece for: use inconnecti'on with e specular parabolic reflector, the piete having on interior prismatic constrcceion and a light diffusing projection. member, theprismetic constructiondivi iing the plate into three transverse divisions tthe unnerniost having horizontal yf SmS, the central having prisms at its center concent reference a point at or slightly 0M ehe center of the plate redial prisms surrounding some and the lower division hsv-- ing prisms concentric with reference 0 e point at or shove the center oi one such construction deptecl to refre t the clinics an 'i reflector? light rays direcnons parallel or below a hcricontel niche and the projection member, consistingof adapted to intercept and diffuse such ra s as cannot be so redirected by prisms.

20. A lantern plate for use in connection with e paraboiic specular refiecton the plate having eninterior prismatic construction and light difiusing projection member, the prismatic construction dividing the plate into three firrensveise divisions, the upper- :witlv. specu most having horizontal prisms, the central having prisms at its center concentric with reference to point at 01 slightly below the center of the piste and radial prisms sun rouncling the some, and the lower division having prisms concentric- With reference to a point at 01 above the center of the plate, such construction being crisp-ted to r'ei'ract the direct end-reflected light rays in direc tions parallel to or below ii horizontal plane, and the projection member, consisting of a. glass shelf member of hyperbolic contour situated. on the interior of the upper half of the plate and adapted to intercept and clifi'nsc such liglitrziys es cannot be re directed by the prisms.

21. A iantern plate for usecin. connection with o specular parabolic reflector, the plate having a. light distributing constcuction and on its upper inner surface iiglit difiusing' projection incniloer consisting of a glass shelf member. L

A lantern plate for use in connection with a specnler parabolic reflector, theplcte having prismatic construction end on its upper inner surface s light diffusing projeo 'tion. member. consisting of a glass shelf member perpendicular to the plane of the plate.

22 3. A lantern plate for use in connection with e specular on its inner a. light diffusing projection member. consisting; of so chscnrerl-glcss shelf member at right angles to she piano of the plate parabolic reflector, $.16 plate having light (ilSlJIllJll'iLlllf construction and.

24:. ii lcr rn piste or use in connection light ilisirihu. a w" ici-ion and. on its inner surface e light diffusing projection memher consisting of en obscured glass shelf member of hyperbolic contour at eight cnglee to th e of the plate.

25. A lantern p ots for in connection with reflector, having a. prismatic construction eel-spiced to refrac the direct encl. reflected light rays in directions narsiiel to and to sic ie oi a plane which nekes definite angle with the plate, and a light (iiii'using projection member, adapted to in tercept diffuse such light rays es cannot be so redirected by the prisms.

WILLIAM A. DOREY. non men L. JENKINS.

or. the piste having a.

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