US1258767A - Immersion-heater. - Google Patents

Description

W. S. HADAWAY, JR.

IMMERSION HEATER.

APPLICATION FILED JAN.2B, 1913. RENEWED AUG. 6, 1915.

Patented Mar. 12, 1918.

3 SHEETS-SHEET l.

WITNE88E8 I ATTORNEY W. S. HADAWAY, JR.

IMMERSION HEATER. APPLICATION FILED JAN.28.1913- RENEWED AUG. 6. 1915.

Patented Mar. 12, 1918.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

WITNESSES W. S. HADAWAY, JR.

IMMERSION HEATER. APPLICATJON FILED JAN.28. 1913. RENEWED AUG- fi, 19l5.

Patented Mar 12, 1918 3 'SHEETS--$HEET 3- IN VE N TOE WITNESSES /Q 6.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE- WILLIAM S. HADAWAY, JR., 015 NEW ROCHELLE, NEW YORK.

IMMERSIONi-HEATER.

Application filed January 28, 1913, Serial No. 744,725.

1 '0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, WILLIAM S. HADAWAY, Jr., a citizen of the' United States, residing at New Rochelle, in the county of Westchester and State of New York, have invented new and useful Improvements in Immersion- Heaters, of which the following is a full, clear, concise, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawing, forming a part of this specification.

My invention relates to improvements in electric immersion heaters.

Attempts have been made heretofore to construct immersion heaters by inclosing a resistor in a watertight jacket or tube from which it is suitably insulated, and contracting the jacket about the resistor by drawing, bending or SWaging the tube to cause it to bind the resistor tightly, thereby maintaining the walls of the tube in close thermal conducting relation therewith. In such constructions the resistor becomes substantially a permanent part of the heater as .a whole and cannot be replaced if defects develop,

without almost destroying the water tight casing, or doing great damage to the structure of which the heater forms a part, or to which it is attached. Furthermore, the resistors used heretofore have required special protection and the water tight jackets therefore have been designed with a view to reinforcing and protecting said resistors. In addition, heaters of different capacities have had to be specially constructed for the various purposes for which they were intended, and once constructed were rendered practi cally useless by the failure of any one of the several resistors of which they were composed. 7

One object of this invention is to provide an improved immersion heater.

Another object is to provide an immersion heater having a heater unit which is readily removable.

Another object is to provide an immersion heater having a. plurality of heater units all of which are independently removable and interchangeable.

Another object is to provide an immersion heater having a heater unit which is reinforced mechanically so that the heater may be kept in stock and handled without special precautions and which may be readily posi- Specification of Letters Patent.

Renewed August 6, 1915. Serial No. 44,120.

tioned in and removed from the immersion heater without injury.

Another object is to provide an immersion heater having a heating unit which is mechanically and electrically complete in itself and requires no further insulation when it is inserted in the casing of the immersion heater.

In the accompanying drawings I have illustrated a number of immersion heaters which embody the various features of my invention. Other forms may, of course, be devised which fall within the scope of the invention.

Figure 1 is a sectional elevation of an immersion heater consisting of a single heating unit properly incased;

Fig. 2 is an elevation of a heating unit with parts broken away to disclose the construction;

Fig. 3 is an enlarged Sectional elevation ,thereof Fig. 4 is a sectional elevation of a two unit heater;

Patented Mar. 12, 1918;

Fig. 5 is an end elevation of said heater;

Fig. 6 is a sectional elevation of the casing of a three unit heater;

Fig. 7 is an end elevation thereof;

Fig. 8 is a sectional elevation of a four} unit heater; I

Fig. 9 is an end elevation thereof;

Fig. 10 is a sectional elevation of a six unit heater;

Fig. 11 is an end elevation thereof;

Fig. 12-is a sectional elevation of an eight unit heater;

Fig. 13 is an end elevation, thereof;

Fig. 1.4: is a sectional elevation of a two unit heater of a difierentform than that previously referred to;

Fig. 15 is a sectional elevation of a four unit heater of modified construction;

Fig. 16 is a side elevation of the heating units Fig. 17 is a sectional elevation on the line 1717 of Fig. 15, with the resistance units removed Fig. 18 is a sectional elevation on the line 18-18 of Fig. 15;

One of the main underlying structural.

features common to all of the figures described above is the prov sion of electric heating units of standard SlZe and construction, and suitable water tight containers or "toterminals adapted to connect the resistors to an external circuit.

In Fig. a single container 1, is shown, within wlnch fits a single heatin unit.

the container readily without binding. Said unit fits loosely enough to permit insertion and withdrawal thereof, while at the same time it is close enough to the wall of the container to insure rapid heat conduction thereto with but slight temperature drop or loss of heat potential. With a construction such Said unit consists in the. preferred orm of r a sheet metal channel 2 having flanges 3, which are bent over to embrace between themselves and the base of the channel a suitable resistor and the necessary insulation therefor. In the present construction said resistor consists of a thin flat slotted ribbon 4 which is preferably doubled over upon itself so that its opposite ends may be'brought out and rolled over to form adjacent terminals 5. The adjacent folds of the ribbon are insulated from each other preferably by a strip or strips of sheet micafi, said folds being further insulated from the inclosing walls of the metal channel by further strips of mica 7 and 8, as clearly shown in Fig. 2.

A strip of metal 9 acts as a cover plate and is held in place by the bent over flanges 3. Although in the present instance the resistor ribbon is doubledover upon itself, it is apparent of course that two independent ribbons may be employed, electrically connected at 1one end, their other ends serving as termina s.

This sheet metal channel 2 serves to reinforce and stiffen the resistor whereby it may be readily slipped into the container 1. Furthermore the said channel serves to properly position the resistor with respect to its insulation and compresses the various layers into a very small space, whereby the metal of the channel is in close thermal re lation with said resistor. V

The upper end of the container 1 is enlarged to form a suitable head 10. This head is provided with a cap orclosure 11,

the latter being preferably integrally united thereto to form a water tight inclosure.

as described the heating units may be made up in standard sizes and kept in stock,.the metal channel affording ample protection to the resistor whereby no special precautions are required in handling or storing said units. Similarly the containers may be kept in stock and a heater such as shown in Fig. 1 may be readily asembled at any time in the manner previously described. Furthermore if the heating unit should develop defects for any reason, said unit may be readily replaced b simply removing the cap 11 and making t c necesary substitution of a new unit. Said cap is preferably brazed or silver soldered'to the enlarged head 10 of the container 1, and accordingly m: be removed therefrom when desired. l leating units of this form are adapted for use as preheaters on automobiles or elsewhere, where it is desired to vaporize gasolenc.

They may also be used in many other ways. The heater shown in Fig. 4 is made up of two containers 15, each of which is integrally united to a flanged cap 16, the latter being integrally united to and closing the end of a cylindrical head 17 The outer end of said head is closed by a cap having mica washers similar to those previously described said washers carrying circuit terminals, which are connected to the heating units received within the containers. In this figure the same reference characters have been employed as in Figs. 1 and 2 to indicate corresponding parts, and accordingly further description is unnecesary. It will be noted, however, that there are two containers, each of standard internal dimensions whereby either heating unit may be Suitable circuit terminals 12 are carried by 7 said closure 11, being electrically insulated therefrom by mica washers 13 and liarranged on opposite sides of an opening in the end of said closure, said terminals passing through said opening and being supported by the mica out of contact with said closure. The terminal extensions 5 of the resistor ribbon, are received within the terminal tubes 12 andare preferably silver soldered therein. In the manufacture of the container 1, a metallic tube of approximately the desired internal dimensions is constructed, said tube being then broached out by a suitable tool so as to insure a cross sectional area of standard dimensions, said cross section be' just sufiicient to rmit one of the heating units to he slipped into readily =replaced if found defective without disturbing the other unit, or without substantial injury to the device as a whole. The elongated head 17 permits the heater to be immersed in a liquid in such position that the liquid to be heated is removed some distance from the circuit terminals. The heater may be used in any position of course, althoughjt is intended more .for use in a vertical or nearly vertical position.

The heater shown in Figs. 6 and 7 is made up of threecontainers 15 united to a common header in a manner similar to that previously described. A heater so constructed is of greater capacity of course than one having either one or two heating units of the same individual capacity.

In Figs. 8 to 12 inclusive, Ihave illustrated furthe forms of immersion heaters wherein 4, 6 and S units respectively are employed. The containers 15 in these figures are arranged radially instead of side by side and parallel and the capacity thereof of course increases with the number of units employed.

-In Fig. 14 I have illustrated a further form of immersion heater wherein the containers 15 instead of projecting from and beyond the head extend back toward the terminals. Said containers project from a circular head 18 which is in open communication with an elongated tube lS) of reduced diameter, communicating with a second head 20, the latter having a cap carrying the circuit terminals in a manner similar to that previously described.

In Figs. 15 to 18 inclusive I have shown a water heater wherein a plurality of containers 15 are supported by a metal washer 21, the latter being clamped between two rings 22 and 23, suitable gaskets 24 being interposed between said washer and said rings. The liquid to be heated enters through the lower opening 25 and passing through the chamber 26, is heated prior to making its exit through the opening 27 in the cap 28. A drain cock 29 is also provided.

The ends of the resistor ribbons are brought out of the open ends of the containers 15 and are suitably clamped as shown in Figs. 16 and 18 to'jumpers 30, whereby the circuit connections may be changed at will, the circuit terminals 31 being spaced apart a convenient distance to facilitate the connecting thereto of conductors. The said terminals are suitably inclosed in a removable casing 32 as shown.

Immersion heaters such as described above are adapted for a wide range of use. For

example: they may be used to heat water or oil, to melt glue, paraffin or wax, to generate steam, to warm milk, or to use in sterilizers, etc.

With allof the above forms of device described any heating unit may be replaced readily. Furthermorea heater of any desired capacity may be readily assembled by simply designing a suitable head to which the desired number of containers may be secured.

Although in the "arious forms illustrated, I have shown nothing but straight containers, I do not limit myself to this construction, as it is apparent that both the con vtainer and the unit may be curved to the same radius, and said unit thereafter slipped lnto said container 111 the same manner as if these elements were straight, the essential feature in regard to this phase of the invention being that the unit and its container shall have a' sliding fit whereby they may be readily assembled, and the unit may be readily replaced, if necessary.

It is to be understood of course that the invention is not limited to the particular embodiments thereof described above as various other forms may be devised which fall within the scope of the appended claims.

\Vhat I claim as new and-desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is 2 1. An immersion heater comprising a portable, self-contained unitary structure consisting of a water tight, heat conducting .jacket. a metal sheath having a sliding fit within said jacket and a resistor 'incased within said sheath and insulated therefrom, said sheath, resistor and insulation being pressed firmly together to form a compact heating unit, whereby the heat is transferred from said resistor to the outer surface of said jacket with a minimum drop of heat potential.

2. An immersion heater comprising a plurality of containers of thesame internal dimensions, a suitable head with which the open ends of said containers communicate, and a resistor unit fitting within each container, the entire structure being Water tight.

3. In an immersion heater, a sheet metal container open atone end, a resistor unit having a sliding fit within 'said container, a head communicating with the open end of said containers, circuit terminals carried by said head and insulated therefrom, and electrical connections between said circuit terminals and said unit.

t. An immersion heater comprising a heating unit, a water-tight inclosing casing therefor, a cap for one end of said casin and circuit terminals carried by said cap, said terminals being insulated therefrom and electrically connected to said heating unit.

5. An immersion heater comprising a heating unit and a water-tight jacket therefor within which said unit has a sliding fit, said unit comprising a sheet metal channel, a cover plate held in place by the bent over flanges of said channel, a resistor held between said channel and said cover plate, and insulation on opposite sides of said resistor.

6. An electric heater comprising a slotted ribbon doubled upon itself to bring its opposite ends adjacent to each other, insulation between said folds, a sheet metal inclosure for stifiening said ribbon, insulation between said ribbon and said inclosure and a container closed at one end within which the above parts are located, said adjacent ribbon ends passing out through the other end of said container.

7. In an immersion heater, a heating unit comprising a resistor, a carrier therefor, and means for insulating said resistor from said carrier, said resistor having connections from its opposite ends to adjacent terminals located at one end thereof, and a watertight inclosing acket for said unit, said terminals being carried by one end of said jacket. and insulated therefrom.

- 8. In an immersion heater, a header, circuit terminals carried thereby, a plurality of similar tubes communicating at one end with said header and closed at the opposite at one end and having its open end integrally united to said supporting element,

whereby a Water tight construction is provided, a thin compact metal incased heating unit having a cross section similar to that of said tubular container, whereby it may have a sliding lit-within said container, with its outer walls in close heat conducting relation thereto and terminals for said heating unit located at one end thereof, to provide for circuit connections exterior to said container.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto subscribed my name in the presence of two witnesses.

WILLIAM S. HADAWAY, JR. Witnesses:

STANTON O. FINCH, GEO. B. JONES.

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