US1253565A - Loom. - Google Patents

Description

W. E, 6; M. E. BARNES LOOM.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 8, 1916.

msmw Patented (11111.15, 1918.

INVENT RS )4 0 maintain squares WILB'UR E. BARNES AND MELVIN E. lBAl'tl'lEfi, 6F NEVTABIE, NEVJ J oon.

masses.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Ratented Jan. 15, fill/lb.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, WILBUR E. BARNES and .MELVIN E. Bannns, citizens of the United States, and residents of Newark, county of Essex, and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful limprovements in Looms, of which the follow ing is a specification, i

This invention relates to an improved loom, and is designed more particularly as a small loom operated by hand and adapted for home and school use for the weaving of scarfs, table runners, small rugs and similar articles, the loom being designed to be com pact and to be. simply operated.

The invention relates to a loom of this kind in which some of the warp threads are substantially fixed while other of the warp threads are adapted to be shifted above and below the fixed warp threads so as to alternately form thevshed above and below such fixed strand. Such fixed warp strands e preferably each alternate strand, and the mechanism for moving such movable warp strands is a single heddle which is operated in one direction by a treadle, preferably a foot treadle, and in the other direction by a springer springs disposed so as not to interfere with the operation of the loom but still occupy a position that makes the movement of the heddle even and positive.

The invention further provides for a loom i of this kind in which the heddle operating device, which permits its manual operation such as the treadle, is so disposed as to give suflicient power to make the operation of the loom easy and to act as stop for the up ward movement of the heddle, which upward movement is caused by the springs aforesaid.

The invention further consists of details of construction which are fully set forth hereinafter and are finally embodied in the clauses of the claim.

In the drawing, Figure 1 is a top View, broken awayso as to condense the view, of our improved loom. Fig. 2 is a side view partly broken away to show-theheddle operating means to better advantage. Fig. 3 is a front view of the loom shown in Figs. 1 and 2, and Figs. d and 5 are a section and broken end view, respectively, showing the means of attaching the warp threads to the beams.

The loom comprises two side structures comprising the legs or uprights 10 arranged on each end of each side so as to form corner posts, these being connected on each side by longitudinally arranged side frames 11, which are preferably eacn made of one piece, although they can be made in a different manner, the side frames 11 being attached to the legs 10 and acting to support the upper part of he loom mechanism, being suitably cut away at 12 to permit the passage of the shuttle into the shed. The side frame on each side is raised as at 13 to give the proper amount of bearing for the heddle. The side frames act bearings forthe beams, the guide roll 1% and the breast-beam 15 acting to support the warp threads at a proper height andbeing provided with suitable let-ed and take- up beams 16 and 17, respectively, each of which latter can be provided with ratchets 18 and 1E) resped tively, a d having the rectangular ends 20 and 21 for the reception of suitably formed part 22 of the handle 23, this detach able handle being used for turning the let off beam 16 and the take-up beam 17 when the weaver finds it necessary, and the ratchet-s 18 and 19 serving to hold the let-off and take-up beams against rotation when desired. The warp threads are arranged so that some of the threads are substantially fixed in position, for instance, each alternate warp thread passes directly from the guide roll A to the breast-beam 15,'as at 2%. The remainder of the warp threads pass, as shown at 25, through the heddle frame 26, the heddle frame having the required number of hcddles 27 with the proper mails 28 which are attached to the lathe of the heddle frame. The side pieces 30 of the heddle frame slide in the grooves 31 in the side frames 11, the grooves 31 not extending to the bottom of the side frames so that they form stops at their lower ends 32 to limit the down ard movement of the heddle. The heddle frame is arranged so that its lower lath and upper-lath stop on the respective upward and downward movements of the heddle frame as not to disturb what we will call in this specification, the fixedwarp threads 24-, so that when the heddle frame is thrown either upward or downward it forms a shed either above or below the fixed warp threads 24, these sheds being illustrated at 38. To provide a smooth and easy operation of the heddle frame the strands 3d are attached near the outer ends of the lower lath 29 of the heddle frame, or at any other suitable point near the sides strands 34 are fastened to the rear leaf 35 as near'to the swinging end as desirable so as y to give the heddle frame the proper amount of movement.

The rear leaf 35 and the front leaf 39 of the treadle are properly chamfered as at 42 so that when they are in their upward positions shown in full lines in Fig. 2 they act as a stop to limit the upward move mentof the heddle frame, the heddle frame being moved upward by springs Whenthe foot treadle is released. These springs 43 are arranged on each side and are fastened at their bottom ends as at 44 tothe-rear postsQlO on each side of the loom frame and are extended over a suitable supporting rod 45 which extends from one side to the other, the free ends 46 of the springs 43 bein arran ed to ress a ainst the lower b O C outer edges of the heddle frame so as to given. pressure on each side near the end of the heddle and thus equalize its movement and insure it against binding in the machine frame. The arrangement of the springs is such as to provide a minimum of interfer. encewith the operation of the lo0m,'the

springs being installed so that they have a substantially long free end and the pressure does not materially increase as the spring is flexed in lowering the heddle. This makes the loom easy to use. 7

The reed frame consistsof two side strips 47 which are hinged at 48to thelongitudinal braces 49 and can be swung forward and backward. frameis provided with suitable heddles 50 through which the warp strands pass, as is usual in looms. The warp threads are fastened to the take-up beams by securinga strip of canvas or the like, as 51, to the beams, one of whieh,l7, is shown in Figs. 4 and5. The canvas strip may be attached by suitable tacks or nails 52 and may have suitable gromets or eyelets 53, and the warp Copies this patent may be obtained fer The upper part of the heddle d February, 1916.

threads are knotted as at 54 into these .gromets and thus held against -being -released, as will be evident." On the operation of the loom the parts are normally in the position shown in the drawing, forming the upper shed 33, and fio the weft is passed through the shed in'any desired manner either'by a shuttle or other means, and then the treadle 39 pressed.

This pulls the heddleframe down, over com "1 ing the pressure of the spring 46,and a lower shed is formed, that is a shed beneath the fixed warp threads 24, and the weft is: again passed through usually iii-the oppo site direction fromthe' first-mentioned passage, and then when the pressure isremoved from the treadle the original position is assumed and by a repetition of these movements and the formation of'the alternate" sheds the weft threads are inserted. 'W'hen necessary, the fillin'gvis pressed into place by means of 'th'ebeater or "reed' frame 47 which, when pulled forward, causes the product of the loom.

claim i A loom comprising side frames with F grooves therein, a heddle frame sliding in the grooves, a treadlehcon'sisting of 'a r ear leaf hinged to the frame of the loomya front leaf hinged to the rear leaf'and hav mg a loose connection with tli,e" frame of the loom, said CODDBC'CIOII EICtHig as aful cram and permitting a sliding movementit'd of said front leaf, strandsconnecting 'thef heddle frame and the rear leaf ofth'e' if f tr'eadle, the front and rear leaves "ofthe treadle being chamfered at anl'angle so that flfwhen they abut they limit their jipwarjd e5 movement and therefore limit'theupward l7 movement of the heddle frame, the'bottom of the grooves in the frame being placed so as to limit the. downward movement ofthe heddle frame, and yielding ine'aiis for tion. s

vforcing the heddle frame to its normal In testimony that we claimthe foregoing we hereto set our hands, this 5th day off .WILBUR mamas; p

MELVIN Beams-1,,

five cents each, bya lfd ressi ng the fcbmmissipner or fatents; washi n g ton D. 0311 i r r

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