US1253364A - Rotary valve for internal-combustion engines. - Google Patents

Description

H. G. FIELD.

ROTARY VALVE FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES.

APPLICATION FILED OCT. 25| I9I5.

Patnted 52111.15, 1918.

\. sans naar rauen.

HARDIIH'A G. FIELD, OF DENVER, COLORADO.

ROTARY VALVE FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES.

masser.

' following is a speciication.

. intake and exhaust. passages.

provide a single piece, cylindrical,

y invention relates to improvements inl rotary valves for controlling the intake and exhaust ports of internal combustion engines.

The object of the invention is to provide a ported rotary valve which can be employed in connection with a single cylinder,

or with two or more cylinders positioned in a direct line as in automobile engines, the ports in said valve bein r arranged toqdmit explosive mixture to, and permit the escape of the exploded gas from the cylinders in predetermined order,

A further object of the invention is to rotary valve provided with an intake and an exhaust port for each cylinder employed, said ports being in predetermined order, such construction eliminating the multiplicity of valves and their operating mechanismin common use, together with the greater Wear and necessary repair consequent thereto, said valve being driven from the .engine crank shaft, and arranged to make one rotation to every two rotations of the said crank shaft.

These objects are accomplished by the mechanism il-lustrated in the accompanying rawings, in which:

Figure 1, is a vertical, longitudinal sectional view of a four cylinder automobile engine constructed in accordance with my invention.

F ig. 2, is a vertical, transverse sectional View through one of the cylinders on the line of the exhaust port of the valve, and showing thevalve in the position it. assumes at the instant it closes the exhaust.`

Fig. 3, is a similar sectional view on the line of one of the intake ports, the valve being in the position it. assumes at the beginning of the intake stroke of thel piston.

Fig. 4, is a horizontal, set-tional view on the line 4.*'1 of Fig. 23, and on a smaller scale, illustrating the arrangement' of the And Fig. 5 is a horizontal, sectional View on the line 5-v5 of lf ig. 3.

Specification of Letters Patent.

HARDIN G. FIELD, a I

Patented Jan. 115, 1918*..

application filed October 25, 1915. Serial No. 57,754.

Similar letters of reference refer to similar parts throughout the several views.

In the common type of automobile engines, the inlet and exhaust of each cylinder 1s controlled by two puppet valves, which are actuated to open their respective ports by a cam shaft, and are thrown to close their ports by springs. This construction 4necessitates the employment of eight valves for a four cylinder engine, together with a cam shaft and its driving mechanism, which mechanism comprises a great number of parts that must be accurately constructed, and which require care and frequent. repair to maintain them in a condition which will enable the engine to develop the highest efficiency. rlhe present invention is designed to eliminate a multiplicity of parts in the valve construction and operation by the substitution of a single valve adapted to control the inlet and exhaust ports of all the cylinders constituting the engine, as will be hereinafter set forth. y eferring to the accompanying draw- 1ngs,-

The numeral 1 indicates the cylinders of a four cylinder, internal combustion engine, such as is commonly used in connection with automobiles. 2 indicates the pistons, which are connected by piston rods 3, with a crank shaft Ll, all of which parts are of a style in common use. Each cylinder is provided with a transverse. slot 5, in its upper end, which serves both for an intake and an exhaust port, and these ports open out into a longitudinal, semi-circular hearing recess 6, which is formed in the engine casing immediately above the tops of the cylinders, and forms one half part of the bearing for the improved rotary valve 7, which extends above the tops of all of the cylinders constituting the engine, and terminates at its ends Vin slightly reduced stems 8, which extend beyond the ends of the engine. casing.

The cylinders are water-jacketed in the usual manner, as shown at: 9, and a similarly water jacketed cap l() is secured upon the top of the engine casing, and is formed with a longitudinal7 semi-circular recess 1l, which matches the recess (3 in the engine casing, and forms ihe other half part of the bearing for the rotary valve. The cap 10 is formed with intake and exhaust chambers 12 and 12^ and 13 and 13A respectively, which aro connected by passages 14 and 15 respectively, with intake and exhaust fili lil

pipes 1G and iT resijieetii'ely which may he of any coirimonly employed type.

The valve 7 comprises a tiihiilar, eyliiidrical shaft, the peripheral surface of which is provided with send-circular ports so areiiged that two oi? these ports are. adapted to .register with the slot or port iii each of the cylinders; "ilierei'iie, iii a ioiir eyliii der eiigiiie as shown, the valve T would he proif'ided with eight ports which are ar ranged with respect to the order iii which the cylinders are tired.

ln the preseit illustration, the cylinders will ire in the order of l, 3, il.X the piston et the first cylinder heineat the liiiiit et the exhaust stroke, lthat et the .last cylinder heih ir at the limit oif the compression stroke.A while the pistons ot the second and third cylinders are respectively at the limit et the intake and explosion strokes. The intake faire ports 18 aiid li) 'Lor the first and second cylinders respectively, adjoiii, hiit are iiot in the saine direct line; likewise the .intake valve ports 20 and 2l for the third and fourth cylinders respectively adjoiri, hutare not iii the saiiie direct liiie; the exhaust ports and for the tirst and ieiirth cylinders are at the respective eiids et' the valve and out of direct liiie7 and the exhaust ports fil and el.1 the .second arid third cylinders adjoiii and are also oiit ot direct liiie. rlie iiitake valve ports ln aiid lil 'for the seeoiid cylinders respectively, register with passages 243-" and 26 if:si' ecti'\.'ely, which coiiiiiiiiiiicate with the 'iiitalie chaiiilier The valve intake ports 20 and il for the third and fourth cylinders register respectively with passages .7 and which communicate with l' ie intake chaiiiher lill. 'the exhaiist and 2l. 'toi' the i'ii'st and second cylinders .register with passages 2) and 30 respectively. which eoiiiiiiiiiiiiatc 'with thc exhaiist chaiiiher 13; while the exhaiist ports 2:7 aiid Ll oi the third aiid toiirtli c i'liiidei's w'tii'ely, rogfistci" with passages Eli. aiid l ich i-fiiiiiiiiiiiicate with the exhaust eliaiziliei' lill. Thus it will lie seen that as the Valve rotates, its intake ports are 'timed lo admit explosive iiiixtiiie to the cylinders iii the order ahoi'e stated. aiid likewise the exhaustports are correspondiiigly timed. (hie end ot the valve T may he provided with a sprocket wheel 33, which is driven hy a i'i-oiii a sprocket wheel ill oii the ici-aid: the ialci' wheel heine; mie-hait the diziiisitei oi' ilic wheel ill?, so that two eoiii plete roWoiis ot the crank shaft produce oiie Votati. 'd' tlievalve.

il/lille have illustrated a sprocket aii chain izoiiiiectioii hetif-.f'eeii the eiaiili shai ports i l l t first a iid aad valve, the same result may he eeeonr plis-hed hyeoiiiieetiiig the said valve and eraiil shaft by greaiiiair iii siieii marmer as 'to eiect a, single rotation et the valve i'or every two rotations ezt the crank shaft The valve provided with a plurality of eil holes ii'hicli Jform a communication hetweeii its interior and its outer peripheral surface, these holes heiiig preferably leeated along aiiiiiilai' paths between the lines et the ends ol the ports iii said valveu The valve may he filled with oil conveyed iii any suitahle iiiaiiliei: from the eraiil case, or it may he charged iiiaiiiially from one enti; and :is the valve rotates, the oil feeds eiitthrough the holes 35, and tliiis keeps the hearing siiroitI the valve tl'ioreiigighly lubricated. The

hearings at each eiid et the valve are lile wise tarnished with oil 'llie edge 3G olf the valve hearing 6, terms a out-ott' both t'oi' the eiihaiist and tor the inlet Aports oi the valve as, ii/lieti each. Valve port passes this lip, eoiiiiiiuiiieatioii between the cylinder arid either the intake er exhaust manifold is closed, as will he understood hy reference to Figs. 2 and 3.

In operation7 the valve is rotated from the' crarili shaft in the manner above clescrihed, the ports being tiiiiied to aliiiit explosive mixture te the cylinders in predetei'iiiineil order, and to permit the exploded gas to exhaust iii eorrespeiidiiig order.

Having described iiiy invention, what l. claim as new arid desie te secure by Letters Patent, is:

iiii eiigiiie casingv having a plurality 0i' cylinders, arid a cylindrical. passage which. extends through the easing above the cylinders` each cylinder being provided with coiiiiiioii iiilct and exhaust port openinginto said passage, a housing' formed iii said easingJ above said passage, which is divided eeriti'ally oi its length and centrally @tits width to t'oi'ii'i an inlet and exhaust Chamber for each pair ot' :yliiidersn said eliaiiihers being connected with said passage and with inlet and exhaust pipes7 and a rotary Cylindrical valve iii said passage ha ving peripheral inlet and exhaust ports which coiiiiiiiiiieate respectively with the iiilet and exhaust chainhei's for cach pair or' cylinders, and Witl the coiiiiiioii iiilct arid exhaust cylinder ports, and means toi' rotating; said valve.

la iestiiiioiiy ii'hereot lf allix my signature iii presence oi two witnesses.

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