US1290413A - Explosive-engine. - Google Patents

Description

'F. H. mm.

EX'PLSIVYE ENGINE. y

AvrucATloN man ma. l5. 191s. Y

Patented Jan. 1919.

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INVENTGR a F. H. IREM. ExPLSWE Emmi. AIPPLICM'ION HLED FEW. l5. MM5.

Patented Jan; in, 1919.

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F. H.- T HEAT.- EXPLO'S-IVE ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED FEB.15. 1915.

Patented Jan. 19M.

, Y. H. mm. EXIFLSWE MEINE.

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Patntd Jun. Tf", i919' 5 HEETS-SHIEET 4.

BH. THEMA EXPLOSWE ENGINE.

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l Patented Jun-7,1919.-

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INVENTOR runners n. Tahar, or crnvurann, onto.

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l To all wizin it'mayconccrn:

' citizen of the United Be it known that 1, Fieivcrs linrar, a

otates, residing at Cleveland, Cuyahoga county, Uhio, have in- .vented a new and useful improvement in Firplosivedngines, oft which the 'following is a full, clear, and exact description, reifer Fig. 3..

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ence' being had to the accompanying dravvings, forming part. oit .this specilication, in vvhich- Figure 1 is a transverse vertical section ot an engine embodying my. invention, the plane of section being taken on the line inl' 'of Fig. 2. u

Fig. 92 is a section on the irregular line UMH ot' Fig- 1, with some of the parts below the plane ont section omitted.'

Fig. 3 is a plan viewr ot the rotary valve with its journal pprtions broken avvay. y

Fig. d is a section on the line IV--1V-0 F ige. 5 and are sections taken, respectively, on the lines ,Fl-V and V1-#V1 of Fig.

Figs. four diderent ositions of the valves relatively to one o the main pistons. i

F ig. 11 is a longitudinal sectional view through the valve casing.4

Fig. 12 is-a sectional view similar to a por tion of F ig. 1, but showing a modified con-- ystructon of the rotary valve.

Fig. 13 is a longitudinal section ofthe rotary valve of Fig. 19t-and ot its casing,and

Fig. 1d is a crosssection on the line XlW-Xlll of Fig. 13.

My invention has relationto explosive-engines of the general type described and claimed, in my `Fatent No. 938,401 ber 26, 1909, in which a piston valve is employed to control a combined inlet and eX- haust passage for the engine cylinder.

The present invention is designed to im prove and `simplify the valve mechanism whereby the engine is more particularly adapted for use on vehicles.

1n accordance with my present invention the auxiliary cylinder, and the piston valve working in said cylinder and connected to the half-speed shaft, instead of 'being arranged at the end of the main cylinder, are arranged parallel with the axis of the main cylinder. 1 also cooperation with this piston valvea single auniliary inlet and. exhaust control valve,

V i sneeuwman or :tetta-s raient.

7, 8, 9 and 10 are diagrams showyving as indicated at' 15,

provide in combination and` g Patented d' an. 7, 1919..

' Vmialienation. tiled February 15, 1915. Serial No. 3,13%.

reference to the accompanying draw'in s, in

which l have shown a preferred em odi` ment thereof and which will novvA be described, it being premisedhowever, that various changes can be made in the details of construction and arrangement lof the parts vWithout departing from the spirit and scope olf my invention, as defined in the appended c aims.

. ln these drawings l have shown my inf' vention as applied to a multiplecylinder enu gine having 2c. These cylinders are shown as provided with the usual Water jackets 3. 4 isa main cra'nlr shaft of the engine and 5 a half-speed shaft which maybe driven from a shaft 4; in any suitable manner, as by means of the gears 6 and 'Z (shown in dotted lines in Fig.

the four cylinders 2, 2, 2b and i Btl 1 and also shown in Fig. 2). 8 designates b 'the main piston inthe cylinder 2 and 9 its rodl or pitman connecting it with the shaft i. v designates the auxiliary cylinders which, as above stated, are placed parallel' to the axis of the main cylinders, there being one of these auxiliary cylinders for each main cylinder. Each ,auxiliary cylinder communicates with the explosion chamber of the adjacent main cylinder by the passage 11. 12 designates the piston valve in one of the cylinders 10; and 13 its rod or pit man connecting it with a crank ot the halfspeed shaft 5. A 1d designates a valve casing of general cylindrical form, preferably Water jacketed,

and which communicates Witheach auxiliary cylinder 10 by means of a port 16 at one side thereof. The rotary valve which Works in the casing 14e is com mon to all four cylinders and consists of a hollow body portion 17 having the four ports 18 at equidistant intervals along its length and having their centers 900 apart circumterentially. Each end portion'of this valve has a head 19 of 'cylindrical form; and

in each of these heads 1s a circumferential roove 20 Which comunicates Withthe 1nby a plurality of terior of the hollow valve of the valve has radial ports 21. Each end llil a journal extension 22 which is preferably mounted on ball bearings 23 in the casin portions 24, access to these bearings being ha by the removable caps 25. The hollow end of the valve body is shown as closed by a screw plug 26. The valve casing 14 has a chamber 27 surrounding and in communication with each of the grooves 20. The explosive mixture is conducted into these chambers 27 from an inlet connection 28, which has a branch port 29 leading to each chamber 27.Y The valve casing 14 also has an exhaust port 30.

31 is a crank casing inclosing the halfspeed shaft 5 and communicating at 32 with the main crank shaft casing The opening at 32 is a large opening and suflicient lubricant will be splashed up through this opening from the main crank casing to keep the piston valve 12 and itscylinder thoroughly lubricated at all times. Some of this lubricant will also find its way into the bearings of the rotary valve.

The rotary valve may be driven in various ways,.as by a chainconne'ction 34 from the half-speed shaft (se`eI1`igs. l and 2).

Theoperation is as follows:

The explosivemixture entering into the end chambers 27 of the rotary casing passes freely at 'all times` into the interior of the rotary valve Vthrough the radial ports 21; and is discharged from this valve into the respective engine cylinders under control of the said valve and of the piston valve 12. The exhaust from the engine cylinders, under control ofv the rotary valve and thee valves 12 passes out into the interior of the valve casing 14 `into the space therein surrounding the rotary valve, and thence to the exhaust opening 30. The operation in each complete cycle for each cylinder will be -best understood by reference to Figs. 7, 8, 9

and 10. Fig. 7 shows the parts in the position they occupy at the end of the explosive stroke and lwhen the main piston 8 is substantially on or passing dead center. At this time, the auxiliary piston 12 of this cylinder is moving downwardly and is just about to uncover the port 16 leading into the valve casin 14; so that during the next instroke of t e piston 8, the port 16 will be open 4 for exhaust. At this time, the rotary valveis in position where its inlet port is cut off by the valve casing, as shown.

Fig. 8 represents the position of the parts at vthe end ot' the exhaust stroke and just as the main piston 8-is passingits in-center. At this time the piston valve 12 is moving in the reverse direction with the port 16 Wide open and the inlet port 18 of the rotary valve just coming -into register with said port 16. p ,s

Fig. 9 shows the position of the parts as they piston is passing its out-center 'after completing the inlet stroke. At this time,

the inlet port' 18 of the rotary valve is piston valve i s just about closed off and the to close the port 1 Fig. 10 shows the positions of the parts at the time of the explosion. At this time the piston valve is at the maximum of its therefore, in its most effective position to receive in an endwise direction the force of the explosion. I

In Figs. 12, 13 and 14, I have shown a modified construction of the rotary valve and its casing.

In the construction shown in these figures, the valve is provided with a central exhaust chamber 35 having a plurality of peripheral ports 36, the centers of which are approximately apart and which are adapted to be successively brought into register with the ports 37 leading into the auxiliary cylinder. The valve also has a surrounding chamber 38 for the explosive mixture, with peripheral ports 39 also having their centers '90' apart and arranged to be successively brought into register with the ports 37 of the auxiliary cylinders. The explosive mixture is supplied to the chamber 38 from the admission chamber 40 through the eripheral admission ports 41, the cham er 40 opening through theWater-jacketed casing 42. The explosive fiuid flows into the chamber 38' which is kept `constantly illed with the mixture and from thence into the respective cylinders at proper times. The ex' haust in the cylinders goes through the ports 36 into the central chamber 35 and may be let of through a suitable connection' with one end of the valve, at 43 (Fig. 13).

My invention provides a very simple and lot eflcient valve mechanism for a multiple? cylinder four cycle' engine. valves receive the full force of the explosions, thus entirely relievin the rotary valve which has only to do with very .light pressures and can be fitted to rotate freely in its end bearings. The piston valves also initially control the 'oints of cut-off and exhaust. Theenti'rec nstruction is a simple and compact one welladapted to portable engines.

I claim:

1. In an explosivee'ngine ofthe four-cycle type, a cylinder having an explosion chambera piston in said cylinder, presentingits The piston v end surface to -the explosion chamber, an f distance ot less than one-half the circum.

Laconia terence of the"auxiliary cylinder, a piston said auxiliary cylinder-,also presenting its end snrfacejto. the explosion chamber, and having actuating connection arranged 'to move it te a position in which "itwill seal said port and the'explosion chamber during thecompression and the explosion periodsfand a single rotary valve, in said rotary valve chamber, having separate inlet and exhaust ports, and a rotating connection whereby` said portsl will be` alternately brought into registry with the aforesaid vcombined inlet and exhaust port each duri'g .lh-0 Correspondlgpods of the four stroke the said "port connects, a piston in said' auxiliary cylinder, the last named piston hraving actuating connections arranged to 'move it tongaJ -ypi'isition in iwhich its end surface'will seal the said port and explosion chamber during the compression and explosion periods of the engine, a combined'inlet and exhaust prtleading fromone side of the yauxiliary cylinder, and a single rotary valve controlling said port and having inltally as described.

iet and eithaustports, `extending:

transversely a distance less than one-half the circumference-of the auxiliary piston, sub stantially as described. i

3.l Iiifm explosive engine 'of the four-cycle typc`,a cylinder having a single combined inlet and exhaust port leadingrnto itsoexits axis extending inthe same general irection. as the axis uf .the main cylinder and v*with an end of which the said port connects, a piston in said auxiliary cylinder, the last named piston having actu ating connections arranged to move it to a position 1n which its-"end surface will seal i the said port and explosion chamber during 'thecoinpression and explosion periods ci the engine, a combined inlet and exhaust port leading from one side of the auxiliary cylinder, and .a single rotary` valve contro ling said port 4 and having inlet, and exhaust ports, said auxiliary cylinder being open at its inner; end and communcatin through a closurewith the lubricant cham r of the crank case of the main'cylinder, substanlplosion chamber, a piston therein, an auxil- `1ary cylinder-at one side of thevmam cylm- P der -a'nd .havin In' testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand. j

- FRANCIS H. TREAT Witnesses:

HARRY Rl TnMrLn'roN,

KENNETH R. KING.

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