US1252093A - Concrete-form. - Google Patents

Description

H. 0. DAVIDSON.

CONCRETE FORM.

PPLlCATON` FILED APR. 23.' 1915.

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H. 0. DAVIDSON. I

CONCRETE FORM.

APPLICATmN man APK.23.1915.

Patente Jan. L 19%..

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H. 0..DAvms0N. CONCRETE FORM.

APPHCATION FILED APR23| 1915.

Patente Jan. l, 1918.

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UNET@ ETAT PATENT JFFQ.

HARRY O. DAVIDSON, 0F CLEVELAND, OHO, ASSIGNOR 'EO THE HYDRAULIC PRESSED STEEL COMPANY, 0F CLEVELAND, OHIO, A CORPRATION OF OHIO.

CONCRETE-FORM.

Application filed April 23, 1915.

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that'I, HARRY O. DAVIDSON, a citizen of the United States, residing at Cleveland, in the county of Cuyahoga and State of Ohio, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Concrete-Forms, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings.

rIhis invention relates to concrete forms and, while some of the features are adapted for more general use and application, to forms that are'designed with special reference to tunnel construction and still more particularly to forms of this type which are adapted to be associated with a carrier on which the form may be transported in collapsed condition from section to section of the tunnel and by which it may be supported when in expanded condition.

The invention may be defined further as consisting of certain details of construction illustrated in the drawings forming part hereof and set forth in the specification and embodied in the claims hereto annexed.

Referring to the drawings, Figure 1 represents a sectional view taken through a tunnel showing in elevation a carrier having one embodiment of my form thereon, some of the mold boards or plates being shown in section; Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional View correspondingsubstantially to the line 2 2 of Fig. 1, the carrier being broken away at the right hand side of the figure the better to reveal the construction of the form; Fig. 3 is a similar View showing the form applied to a circular tunnel or a tunnel of the sewer type; Fig. 4 is a similar view showing a modification of my invention wherein the form comprises two hinged sections instead of three; 5 is an enlarged sectional detail taken across a pair of hollow ribs and showing the manner of clamping the mold boards or plates thereto; Fig. 6 is a sectional detail illustrating the manner of connecting the lifting Ajacks to the mold sections; and Fig. 7 is a sectional detail of the aforesaid'jack connection, corresponding to the line 7 7 of Fig. 6.

Describing by reference characters the various parts illustrated herein and with special reference to Fig. 1, 1 denotes a series of cross ties supported on the concrete base of the tunnel and forming a support for the rails 2, one pair of which is shown as. sup- Specicaton of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 1, 1918.

semi no. 23,498.

' porting the carrier. This carrier comprises a suitable number of vertical posts or sills 3, intermediate cross sills 4, and top cross sillsl 5; also longitudinal sills 6 and 7 connecting the vertical sills, the sills 7 also serving' to support the cross sills 4, which are extended beyond the sills 3, for a pur pose to be described hereinafter. The sills 5 are preferably of channel construction, and a suitable number of pairs of such sills are provided with their webs parallel but spaced a short distance from each other. On the tops of these channels are mounted the jack blocks S through which the screws of the jacks extend. These blocks are enlarged at their upper ends, whereby they are provided with shoulders 9 resting on the tops of the beams 5, with their reduced body portions slidably mounted between said beams. Each block is provided with an internally threaded bore for the reception of the threaded end 10 of a bolt 11, this bolt having an operating head 12 thereon at its central portion, the ends of the bolt being threaded in the same direction whereby, on rotating said bolt, the supporting blocks 58 may be moved laterally in unison, either to the right or to the left. according to the rotation of the bolt, the distance between the blocks being maintained uniform. Any desired number of jack supports may be provided, according to the particular installation, the upper ends of the jacks being preferably connected with the ribs of the form. The lower ends of the posts or sills 3 may be recessed to receive therewithin the wheels 13 which support the carrier upon the rails. These wheels may be journaled in the recesses 14, their axles being supported by the depending flanges 15.

The form which is adapted to be supported by the carrier comprises in itself several features of construction which are particularly useful in connection with the carrier but some of which are of more general application. The form comprises generally a series of laterally spaced pairs of transversely extending hollow metallic ribs with mold boards or plates detaohably and removably insertible between the pairs of ribs, clamping means associated with the ribs for securing the plates thereto and arranged to be carried at all times by the ribs whereby the form may at all times be as completely assembled as possible. Each double ribA is placed side by side.

composed in turn of a plurality of sections,

.some of. which are connected by hinges to each other and to the carrier, with adjustable connections whereby the form may be collapsed and expanded as occasion may require. The rib construction and the clamping arrangement will now be described in detail and with particular reference to Fig.y 5.

A pair of symmetrical hollow metallic members, vof generally channel shape and f sembled with their adjacent flanges 18 in the flanges'. 18 in anyv desired manner, as.

by spot welding. Each hollow. ribv will preferably have therewithin a bar 20 similar to thevbar employed in. the single-rib construction shown in the application of Stewart R. McKay No. 872,648, filed Nov. 17,

1914. The bar is conveniently formed from a. pair of 'metal plates or straps joined together. and provided with a pair of longitudinally spaced abutments, the inner abut- .ment being conveniently formed by a pair of ears 21 struck from the straps or plates constituting the bar and with a pair of outer ears or flanges 22 struck from the outer ends ofmsaid plates or straps. Theears 21 are shorter than the ears or flanges 22v whereby the formerA ears may p ass through the enlarged portions of the key-hole slots 23 pro- .vided in the webs 16 while the ears or flanges 22 will not pass therethrough--the object being to prevent the bars from dropping out of the hollow ribs. It `will be understood, ofcourse, that thebars'will be inserted into the hollow ribs before the yplate 19y is applied to the open outer ends thereof. j

The mold boards or plates 24.,are similar to those shown in the McKay application aforesaid, each mold board or plate having at opposite lateral edges thereof a tenon 25 which is adapted toengage the flange 18v of the'rib adjacent thereto, the parts being so arrangedthat the outer faces of the said boardsorplates, when .the shoulders are thus engaged, will be substantially flush with the'outer surfaces ofthe lplates l19.` In order to secure the mold plates to the ribs, I employ with each ribv a .clamp Aresembling that disclosed in the lMcKayv ape plication aforesaid ybutfdiifering therefrom inthe lengths of the two legs thereof. Each clamp shown herein comprises 'a Uf'sh'aped the legs being connected by an intermediateY ymember 28. Each of the clamps thus de vscribed may be of channel shape in section,

as is the case with the clamps disclosed in the McKay application. The clamps. will be secured in operative relation to the ribs Y andthe mold boards. or plates, as by means ofwedge keys 29 whichare. driven through suitable holes provided therefor in the bars 20, and these bars in turn will preferably be provided with outwardly projecting ears ,20a near their outer ends which will serve to prevent the clamping yokes from becoming detached therefrom when the yokes .are unclamped. and the bars ldrawn inward..

This double-rib yconstruction* not only enables me 'to use light-er material'for'each.

rib, but provides greater flexibility in assembling than is obtainable where a single rib is employed and/each rclamp cooperates with two mold plates. vItw'ill be obvious that a mold plate on one lside ofthe doubles rib construction maybe removed 'without affecting the moldplate onthe" opposite side thereof." The double-rib construction Aand the vclamping means associated therewith are obviously of general application and, while advantageous in connection with a carrier (for reasons to appear hereinafter) are not necessarily'limited in use to 'such' carrier..

In the embodiment of the inventionv shown in Fig 1, the mold is made in three sections whereof the ribs necessarily constitute a foundation, and each double4 fr'ib will be made in three sections, to wit: a topsection A to which are hinged the Vside sections B.

sthe form is to be usedin making a tunnel having an arched top, it is both `convenient and economical to make the section B in turn lof two parts, namely, a lower'and substantially .straight-.ribbed section and an arched section thereabove. The bottoms of the ribs o f the arched -members are'abutted upon the tops of the ribs `of the 'straight or vertical' members and'. connected vtheretov in the manner shown in detail in Figs. 1',` 2V and 6. 30 denot'es'generallyV a channel-shaped connectingmember conforming in shape to the web'16 andthefsides 17 of' each rib'Qthe side flanges. of the connecting' members Y 3,0 being preferably .shorter than' thesides of the ribs.. Each connecting Vmember 30 yis .provided with av pair. of perforations which are adapted to receive clamping'bafslfthe innerendswhereof are provided each .with a head'32 adapted'lto engage the weblt while the body ofthe Vbar projects through a'su'itizo able slot therein.' Four such'slots will'be isc end of each lower-member rib, and the bars will project through the webs of the connecting members 30, and wedge keys 33, driven through openings in said bars, will rigidly connect the members 30 to the abutting end portions of the rib members.

I make use of the connecting members as a convenient means for expanding, and supporting in expanded condition, the sides of the mold. Each member 30 will be provided with an outwardly projecting ear or lug 34, and these lugs or ears form a convenient support for the bolt or pin 35 to which the outer end of the turnbuckle 36 may be connected, the inne-r end of the turnbuckle being connected in turn to the adjacent end of one of the cross sills 4.

For the purpose of expanding and collapsing the form and assisting to support the weight thereof from the carrier, each pair of ribs may have connected to the lower portion thereof a turnbuekle the inner end whereof is connected to the carrier. This connection may be conveniently secured by means of lugs or ears 38 projecting from the ribs, which lugs or ears serve to support the outer bolt 39 of a turnbuckle 40, the inner end whereof is in turn connected to ears 41 carried by the vertical sills 33.

The ribs of the upper section A are connected to the ribs of the lower sections B by means of hinges, and each hinge joint also forms a convenient means for supporting the mold in both expanded and collapsed condition from the carrier. The details of this construction will now be explained. For the purpose of description, a single connection between the lower ends of one of the .pairs of ribs of section A with the upperl ends of one of the pairs of ribs of section B will be sufficient. Each hinge comprises generally a pair of channel members which are secured to the lower ends of the double ribs of section A and a pair of channel members secured to the upper ends of the ribs of section B, these channel members having hinge lugs or projections connected by a pin which is carried by the head of the screwjack therebeneath. 42 denotes the web and 43 the side flanges of each channeled hinge member on the double ribs of section A, while 42n and 43a denote the like parts of the hinge members on the ribs of section B. From each of the webs 42 there projects a hinge lu g 44 while from each of the webs 42a there projects a hinge lug 44a. The channeled hinge members are connected to their respective ribs by means of bars and wedges which are identical with those employed for the channeled connections 30; and like numerals are employed to designate the corresponding parts of both sets of bars and wedges. A hinge pintle 45 extends through the hinge lugs 44, 44a and is supported within l.a Llshaped `recess 46a provided in the top of a block 46. This block has in the lower end thereof a rounded recess Vwhich is adapted to receive the rounded upper end 47 of the jack screw 48 and to form a socket therefor. This screw is provided with the usual operating head 49, its lower end being threaded in the block 3 therebeneath.

lVith the parts constructed and arranged as described, the jacks screws 48 will be lowered suiciently to permit the top of the mold frame to clear the inside of the tunnel and the turn buckles 40 will be screwed inwardly whereby the lower ends of the parts i B of said mold will be moved inwardly toward the carrier. The turn buckles 36 are not intended to carry any of the weight of the mold frame and may be disconnected from the same during this operation. lVith the parts thus collapsed, as indicated in dotted lines in Fig. l, the mold may be transported throughthe tunnel to the place where it is used and there expanded by operating the jacks and the turnbuckles 36 and 40. The lower ends of the ribs may be blocked up, as by means of jacks screws 50 threaded into blocks 5l which may rest on the ends of the cross ties l or any other suitable support, the Lipper ends of said acks being provided with heads 52 which support the lower ends of the mold-frame ribs. Any other desired form of support may be used in place of the jacks-see 51L and 5l", Fig. 2. The mold boards may then be clam ied in place and the grouting applied in the usual manner.

In Fig. 3 there is shown a modification of my invention wherein the parts are substantially as shown in Fig. l, the tunnel in this case being of the circular or sewer type. In this case, the lower end of the tunnel is shown as having been molded through the use of the invert form,lwhereby the bottom section 53 will be in place and will form a convenient supporting Vmeans for the bottoms of the mold sections. The carrier in this case is substantially identical with that shown in Figs. 1 and 2 and the corresponding parts are identified by like reference characters. A modified form of lateral adjustment for the jacks is shown in Fig. 3. instead of having blocks supported between the sills 5, the jack blocks 54 are mounted on to p of said sins and each is provided with a lug having a threaded aperture therethrough for the reception of an adjusting screw 56, said screw being provided with an operating head 57. The ack screws 48 and the parts cooperating therewith and with the rib sections j. and C are identical with the corresponding parts in Fig. 1 and are identified by like numerals.

The lower sections C are circular and have their central and lower sections connected respectively to the ends of the sills 4 and to the vertical sills 3 of the carrier. Turnbuckles 55a areshown as connecting the cenitral portions ot' the sections C to the sills l 4 while turnbucliles 56 are connected to the lower portions of the same rib sections and 'to the sills 3. rlhis connection is conveniently secured in the one case through lugs v57 connected to the rib sections and supporting therebetween the outer pin58 ot' the turnbnckle and in the other case by lugs 59 similarly connected and supporting the outer pin 59a of the turnbuckle 56.

vThe operation will be substantially the ysame as that described in connection with the embodiment ot my invention shown in Fig. 1. The upper turnbuclrles 5S, performing no supporting function, may be disconnected from the mold sections when the carrier is moved. inv both cases, means are provided for adjusting Athe mold bodily and laterally with reference to the carrier so as to compensate for any irregularities in the track and for any sharp curves in the tunnel. i

In Fig. l4 there is shown a still further `modification of my invention wherein only a single pair of mold sections D are connected by means ot a central top hinge, the carrier being modified to the extent necessary to accommodate this simplified construction. In this case, the side sections D are formed of two members, the lower member comprising a suitable number of substantially straight or 'vertical double ribs and the uptween the same and the sections D are identical with the corresponding parts and connections shown in Fig. 1 and are designated in like manner, the hinge-connections at the right being given the numeral applied to the parts shown on section A of Fig. 1 while the hinge connections at the left are designated by the numerals applied to hinge connections on section B.

The upper ends of the ribs of the lower member of each section l) and the lower ends of the ribs of the upper member are connected by means ot the connecting channel members 30 to the ends of the sills 4 by means of the turnbuckle's 62, having their outer ends connected to pins 63 carried by the lugs 64 secured to the connecting members 30, while their inner ends are connected to the sills 4. rlhe lower portions of the mold sections are connected to the sills 3 by means of turnbuckles 65 having their outer ends connected to pins 66 supported by lugs 67 carried by the ribs while their inner ends are connected to similar lugs 68 on the sills 3. The blocks 61 may have extensions fitting between pairs of sills 5a, in Asubstantially the same manner as the blocks 8 are mounted in the embodiment of my invention shown in Fig. 1. This will enable these blocks to be driven laterally, thereby to center the form as occasion may require. It will be evident that, by lowering the jack screws 48 and drawing inwardly on the turnbuclrles, the form shown in Fig. 4 maybe collapsed and may be conducted in collapsed condition to the carrier to the point of use and there expanded into operative relation to the tunnel.

Having thus described my invention, what Iclaim is:

l. The combination, with a carrier frame, of a mold frame, and horizontally Vand ver tically adjustable means connecting thc said frames, the vertical connecting means being' laterally adjustable with respect to the carrier frame.

9.. The combination, with a carrier frame,

of a collapsible and expansible mold frame,

vertically adjustable means supporting the mold'frame from the carrier frame, and means for moving the vertically adjustable means laterally with respect to said carrier frame. Y

3. The combination, with a carrier iframe, of a mold frame, a vertically adjustable support connected to the carrier frame and adapted to engage the 'upper portion of the mold frame, said vertically adjustable support being laterally adjustable upon said carrier frame, and laterally adjustable means having engagement with the carrier trame and with the side portions of the mold frame. l Y

4. rEhe combination, with a carrier, of a trame comprising a plurality of hinged sections, and expanding and collapsing n'ieans connecting said sections to said carrier, said means including a vertically adjustable snpport extending between the carrier and the frame, said support being laterally adjustable with respect to the carrier.

5. The combination, with a carrier," of a mold frame comprising a pair of hinged sections, means connected with the carrier whereby the sections may be moved on the hinge thereby to collapse and expand the mold, a vertically adjustable jack connected to the hinge between said sections, and an adjustable connection between said j ack and said carrier.

6. The combination, with a carrier, of a mold frame comprising a top section and side sections hinged thereto, means connected with the carrier and with the side sections for moving theV same about their hinges,l a

pair of vertically adjustable supports on the carrier and operatively engaging said hinges, a base foreach of said supports slidably mounted on the carrier, and means connected with said bases for moving the same laterally' upon the carrier.

7. The combination, with a carrier, of' a mold frame comprising a top section and side sections hinged thereto, means connected with the carrier and with the side sec tions for moving the same about their hinges, and a pair of vertically adjustable supports on the carrier and operatively engaging said hinges.

8. rIhe combination, with a" carrier, of a mold frame comprising a top section and side sections hinged thereto, means connected with the carrier and with the side seotions for moving the same about their hinges, a pair of vertically adjustable supports on the carrier and operatively engaging said hinges, a base for each of said sup ports slidably mounted on the carrier, a bolt having its ends threaded into said bases, and means connected with an intermediate portion of the bolt for rotating the same thereby to move the bases in unison.

9. In a mold, the combination of a pair of sections, each comprising pairs of ribs, a hinge lug detachably connected with the ends of each pair of ribs of one section, a hinge lug connected with each pair of ribs of the adjacent section, and a pintle supporting said lugs whereby the mold sections are hingedly connected.

10. In a mold, the combination of a pair of sections each having ribs, the ribs of one section being adapted to substantially abut against those of the other section, channel shaped members detachably connected to the ribs of said sections near their adjacent ends, hinge lugs carried by said channels, and pintles connecting said lugs.

11. In a mold, the combination of a pair of mold sections each having pairs of ribs and the ribs of one section being adapted to substantially abut against the ribs of the section adjacent thereto, channel shaped members detachably connected with the ribs of said sections at their adjacent ends, hinge lugs projecting from said members, and a hinge pintle connecting` each set of four lugs.

12. The combination, with a carrier, of a mold frame comprising a plurality of hinged sections, each section comprising a pair of members each provided with ribs, means pivotally connecting the adjacent ends of the ribs of said members, means adjustably supporting the mold sections as a whole from the carrier, and adjustable means extending between the rib connections and the carrier.

13. In a mold, the combination with a pair of ribs located side by side, each rib of each pair having a lateral seat, a mold board adapted to engage each rib, and a clamping means for each rib for securing said mold boards to their respective seats.

14. In a mold, the combination of pairs of hollow ribs placed side by side and each having lateral flanges, mold plates each having a shoulder adapted to engage a lateral shoulder at one side of each rib, a U-shaped clamping member associated with each rib and having one leg adapted to engage the end of the mold plate adjacent thereto, and means associated with each rib for securing said clamps in operative relation to such mold plates.

15. In a mold, the combination of pairs of hollow ribs placed side by side, mold plates adapted to engage one side of each rib, a U-shaped clamping member associated with each rib and having one leg adapted to engage the end of the mold plate adjacent thereto, and means for securing said clamps in operative relation to such mold plates.

16. In a mold, the combination of a pair of hollow ribs placed side by side and each having an open outer side, a plate common to and covering the open outer sides of both ribs, and means whereby a mold plate may be secured at one side of each of said ribs.

17. In a mold, the combination of pairs of hollow metallic ribs placed side by side and each having a pair of lateral flanges at its outer side, a plate common to and closing the outer sides of both of said ribs, a mold plate having a portion adapted to engage one of the flanges of each of said ribs, and a clamping device associated with each of said ribs and comprising a yoke having a long leg and a short leg so arranged that the long leg will substantially abut against one of the flanges of the rib while the short leg is in engagement with the mold plate, and means for securing said yoles in operative relation to their mold plate.

18. In a mold, the combination of pairs of hollow metallic ribs placed side by side and each having a pair of lateral flanges at its outer side, a plate common to and closing the outer sides of both of said ribs, a mold plate having a portion adapted to engage one of the flanges of each of said ribs, and a clamping device associated with each of said ribs and comprising a yoke, and means for securing said yokes in operative relation to their mold plate.

19. A mold having pairs of hollow metallic ribs provided with lateral projections and arranged side by side with said projections contiguous, means for connecting the outer sides of said ribs, mold plates adapted to engage said ribs, and separate means connected to each rib for securing said mold plate thereto.

20. In' a mold, a pair of hollow metallic ribs having lateral proj ect-ions at their outer sides, said ribs being arranged side by side wimthntheiijlateml projections contguous, a- In testimony whereof, l' hereunto :iflxrny plate oyerlng lsaid outer sides, mold plates signature 1n the presene of two witnesses.. adapted to engage the opposite side edges of v l 4 Y sadpibS, aclainp for each rib forenguging 5, said mold plates, and means for each clamp Witnesses:

for seevurlngl thev same against sind mold L. NUHFU, l *y I I plate. vLVILLIL'MN M. DAVIDSON.

Copies of'ths patent may be'obtained for x're'c'ents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents; I. i "l n n l l Y WaShig'wm'D. C.I 'n M A"

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