US1251390A - Carbureting apparatus for internal-combustion engines. - Google Patents

Description

H. LEMP. CARBURETING APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES:

APPLICATION FILED JUNE I7. 19.

Patented Dee.25,1917.

Ivehtorr'mann He E! n'nirnn STATES PATENT oFFIoE.

nnnmnmw LEMP, or 1mm, rnNnsvLvAmm-assmiron 'r'o ennnnan nnncrmc .conrm, a coaronn'rron or nnwvonx.

cmnnn'rme lirrmsrrns'ron INTEBNAL-CbMBUSTION ENQINES:

Specification of Lam-i g unt.

Patented Dec. 25, 1917.

Applleation filed June 17, 1914. Serial 80. 84 15,810.

eavier' than gasolene and is particularly directed toikerosene engines.

As is' well known, an engine of this type cannot be readily started on kerosene al- 7 thou h aftenbeing-fstarted and well heated it will operate satisfactorily thereon. .It'is,

therefore; customary to startv such engines on. gasolene and afterward change over to kerosene by the manipulation of some sort of valve means. Tc thisend" it has heretofore been customary to provide two separate supplies of oil for such engines,- one gasolene and the other kerosene, and suitable meansfor changing over from one to the, other.

kerosene is'classed as being comparatively safe and itsstorage on premises is not. considered unfavorably nvhile gasolene is classed as being very dangerous and the storage of even asmall quantity on premises is considered as greatly increasing the risk. According to the Underwriters rules, therefore,'it 'is permissible to have only a very limited amount of gasolene on any premises 40 at one time, without having the premises classed as a gasolene risk.

The effect of an arrangement in connection with kerosene engines as just described has been toconvert what would ordinarily 5 be classed as a safe risk, 11. 6., kerosene risk, into one classed as extremely hazardous, 6., gasolene risk, thereby greatly increasing the rates.

The object of the present invention is to provide a gasolene starting arrangement for a kerosene engine which is effective in startwhich my improvements particularly relate the "overflow type.

According to the Fire Underwriters rules .which conveys the mixture 01 air and kerosene.

ing the engine and at the same time will someet the views of'the Underwriters with reference to havin gasolene on' premises, as to avoid having t e premises classed as a gasolene risk.

In the accompanying drawings wherein" I. have illustrated certain forms which my. invention may take, Figure 1 is a side eleva-f tion of a kerosene engine equipped with my B0 improved gasolene starting arrangement;

Fig. 2 is a somewhat dia rammatic view 1 with partsyill section il ustrating more clearly the arrangement -of the parts to Fig.3 is an enlarged view of the receptacle .and o ontainer shown to the left of v Fig i is a'section on line 44-., Fig.- 3; 5"is a detail view of 'the'gasolene carburetor needle valve taken on line 5-5, Fig. 2'; and Figs. 6 and 7 are detail views shownig modifications. a My invention is illustrated as beingeap-l" plied to a multi-cylinder engine,,3 ing. the base thereof and 4 the cylinders. 5 is the.* kerosene carbureter, here shown as being o I The .carbureter is, vided with a dam 6 for fixing the love oft the oil therein and with the adjustable nee} dle valve ,7. Kerosene is supplied to the car bureter by the pump -8. driven .from the crank shaftoirthe engine. The suction side of the pump is connected through pipel). with a suitable supply of-oil (not s own) and. the delivery side is connected by pipe 10 to the carbureter The overflow from the carbureter passes back to the source of supply by pipe 11. 12 is the air'intake of the carbureter and 13 is "he outlet pipe sene to the. heating coil 14. This coil is ar-' ranged in a casing 15 and surrounds the exhaust pipe 16 which passes through the center of the casing. By this means the exhaust gases are utilized for the purposeof heatin or vaporizin the charges of kero- Ihe other end of the coil 14 is connected by pipe 17 to a chamber 18. Openin into this chamber is the auxiliary air in et 19 in which is arranged the inward] 100 opening spring controlled valve 20. Lead ing from the chamber 18 is the conduit- 21 a is formed by a have illustrated .the v ably numbered-t0 startin the present instance this key an shut o To this end I may, 16

which connects the chamber with the inlet 22 of a carbureter 23, the outlet of whch connects by conduit 24 with the manifold 25 leading to the engine cylinders. Arranged in the conduit 24 is the mixture throttle valve 26 which may be controlled through arm 27 either byhan'd or by a speed governor. a

The carbureter 23 is the gasolene carbureter and is provided with an adjustable needle valve 28. In connection with this needle valve suitable means are provided whereb the same can never be completely for example, provide the valve seat with a small groove or slot, or I may provide asuitable stop cooperat ng with the valve to limit its movement toward closed position. In Fig. 5-1 latter arrangement. The stem of the valve carries a-wheel28 having a notched rim onwhich rides the spring pressed catch 28"; The wheel also carries the stop 28. During starting this valve is opened a predetermined amount as indicated by the notcheswhic'h may besuitposition. After the engine is started the va ve is then turned towardclosed position'until the stop 28 comes in contact with catch 28". In this position the valve will still be slightly open,-

and it'so i'emains during norm operation.

' Gasolene is supplied to the carbureter v23 through the pipe 29 which connects at its outer end with a small receptacle 30. This receptacle is open at the top and its bottom cup-shaped member'31 having a projecting coupling 32 formed with a threaded-opening .33to receive, the end ofthe ipe 29 and two spaced rojecting lugs 34, 51c space between them ormin akeyway 35. The receptacle is adjusta ly supthe hollow sleeve 36' which ceive therein through its open top asealed container in which is a quantity of gasolene just suflicient for starting the engine. This container is somewhat after the style of the safety unit used in connection with the students lamp and is preferably so shaped that it cannot be readily set down anywhere except in the proper receptacle. '1

the same comprises a cash; 39 having a flan ed base 40 upon which Is fastened the ban le 41. The top of the container is, closed by a stopper 42 having a threaded flange 43 provided with an opening or series of "openin 44. Projecting from the outer face of t e stopper is a key member 45 which, when the container is inserted into the receptacle, enters the key-wa 35. In key-way are shown as having straight sides with the key carried by the stopper and the key-way it is desired to 'start the same,

' ings 44, a'ndpe'rmit 0 this end at the bottom of the receptacle, but it will be understood that the key and key-way" base rests on the rim of the receptacle, the stopper is spaced from the bottom thereof with its key member 45 in the key-way 35.

' Assuming that the engine is standing and the needle valve 28 is turned to starting position, and a container, which may have been stored at some point without the premises, is brought in and inserted in the receptacle 30, the key entering the key-wa the stopper sufliciently gasolene to flow through the pipe 29 to the carbureter 23. This flow will continue until the level in the carbureter coincides with or. is slightly above the upper edges of the o nin'gs 44 as indicated by the "dot-andash line in Fig. 2.

35. The container is' then-turned to brea the seal and unscrew I to uncover the openand is of such depth that when its flanged i The flow will then-cease and .the level will remain constant as will stood. The desired. level can be obtained by adjustin the receptacle 30 on the supporting'stan ard 37. The amount of gasolene contained in the bottom of the receptacle is enough to slightly cover the'opening '44 of the to. prevent the free escape of the gasolene. When this seal is broken by reason-of -the suction of the engine drawing gasolene fromthe carbureter 23 a small amount will be discharged from the cbii'tainer,---this action taking place until the contents are discharged. As ,it is necessa to admit some air to the container to rep ace the fuel discharged, some means must be provided for the purpose. The simplest-way is to provideone or'more openingsi30 of suitable size and shape in the vertical wall of the receptacle. It is best to locate them near the top to prevent leakage under abnormal conbe readily 'understopper and thus;.- ,form a-hquid seal dltions. The supply of kerosene is shut off v at the needle valve 4. g i

The engine is now turned over 1n the usual position, i. e.-

io. manner and started on/ gasolene, and after 3 therefore, to. supply kerosene the supply of gasolene will have been substantially, all used up. The engine may, however, for a time great simplicity to the apparatus and is of advantage in that it requires no care or attention on the part of the attendant whatever, as he has merely to insert the cons tainer in place and leave it there. An empty container need not be removed until it is desired to insert a full one to again start' the engine. Bythis arrangement it is assured that all the gasolene will be used up each time the engine is started.

,Referring to Fig. 6, I have here illustrated a modified arrangement. In this arrangement the bottom of the receptacle 30 slopes downwardly from the outer edge to an opening into which pi e 29' connects, the opening being arrange to one side of the center. The top of the container is closed by a screw threaded stopper .46 in which is arranged a spring control valve 47, the stem of which projects beyond the end of the stopper. I

This stopper may be removed for filling the container and afterward inserted and sealed in place as explained in connection with the arrangement shown in Figs. 1 to 3. The valve 47 when seated by the spring 48 serves to close the small Openings 49 inthe stopper and this valve will also preferably be sealed. When the receptacle is inserted in the container the projecting end of the valve stem strikes the bottom of the receptacle breaking the seal and opening the' valve 36.

In Fig. 7 I have illustrated a still further modification. in which both the receptacle and the container are providedwith valves. The container in this modification may be the same as that described in connection with Fig. 6 and the same reference characters have been applied to correspondin parts. In this arrangement-the receptac e 30 is provided with a valve 50 which may be similar to the valve 47 as used on the container. The stem of the valve asses through an opening in the guide mem er or cap 51 and between this cap and the valve is a spring-52 for biasing the valve to closed position. The spring 52 will preferably be stronger than the spring 48. With this arrangement, when the container is inserted into the receptacle 30 the projecting end of the valve stem of valve 17 will strike the gasolene from start the engine.

therein an against the face of. valve 50, the valve 47 being first o ened and then the valve 50.

The modi cation shown in Fig. 7 has the advantage over the arrangements shown in Figs. 3 and 6 in that it renders it much more diflicult for an attendant to start the engine by pouring gasolene' directly into the container 30, and in some instances this arrangement might be preferred. The arrangement shown in Figs. 3 and 6, however, are simpler and the arrangement, shown in Fig. 3 has theadvantage that no springs are required and that the closing ofthe con tainer can be made possibly morepositive. This latter arrangement furthermore has the advantage that it would be less likely to he accidentally unsealed as a positive turning motion of the stopper is necessary to break the seal. The idea of the invention in connection with each of the forms is however, to make the normal way of Startin the engine,-'i. e., by inserting a properly lled c0ntainerso simple and convenient as com pared to'any other way there will be no reason or ob ect for-.the attendant to resort to other means.

-One of the great advantages of this invention is that the container canbe filled outsideor can befurnished filled and sealed, and is only brought in when itis desired to Furthermore "there is no gasolene present except during the comparatively short time the engine is being started. f

As has already been stated, the'container is so shaped that it cannot be readily set down anywhere except in the proper receptac'le. removes to a great extent the liabilit of an attendant carelessly placing one of 0 containers on the floor and leaving it.

In the arrangement shown, the two carbureters are arranged in series, the gasolene carbureter being arranged in advance of the kerosene carbureter with the heating coils between, and with a main air inlet and an This is of advantage in that it auxiliary air inlet common to the two.

When the gasolene is nearly used and the level of the supply falls below the needle valve, the mixture from the kerosene carbureter, which will now be heated, will, in passing through the gasolene carbureter, rapidly va orize the remaining gasolene carry it into the engine cylinders.

I have illustrated a heating arrangement for the kerosene which has been found to be satisfactory in practice, but my invention is not limited thereto.

Owing to the fact that the gasolene carbureter isbelow the kerosene carbureter all danger of. gasolcne entering the former is,

avoided. By arranging the receptacle and container as shown the gasolene in the bottom of the receptacle acts as a liquid seal to prevent flooding of the 'asolene carbureter, the feed from one to t eother'only taking place when the seal is temporarily broken, the necessary air to permit this action to take place entering between the walls of. the receptacle and container.

' In accordance with the provisions of the patent statutes I have described the principle of operation of my invention, to ether with the apparatus which I now consi er to represent the best embodiment thereof; but

I desire to have it understood that the apparatusshown is only illustrative, and that the invention can be'carried out by other passage, and, a containerholding a limited supply of gas'olene just suflicient for starting the engine once which is adapted to be insertediinto the receptacle, to feed its contents to the 'carbureting means through said free passage whereby all said gasolene will be used up during the starting period.

2. The combination in an internal combustion'engine, o a kerosene carbureter, means for supplying fuel thereto, a gasolene carbureter,. a receptacle connected to the .gasolene carbureter by a free passage, and batontainer holding a. limited supply of gasolene just suflicient for starting the engine once which is adapted to be inserted intp the re-- ceptacle, to feed its contents to the gasolene carbureter through said free passage whereby all said gasolene' will be used up during the starting period.

3. The combination in an internal combustion engine, of a kerosene-carbureter, means. i

for supplying fuel thereto, a gasolene carbureter arranged in series relation' with the situated below the level of the heavy fuel carbureter which is infree kerosene carbureter; common air admission means for the carbureters, a.receptacle con-. necfed to the gasolene carbureter by a free passage, and a container-holding a limited supply of gasolene just sufiicient forstarting the engine once which is adapted to be.

inserted into the receptacle, to feed its 'contents to the'gasolene carbureter through said a free passage whereby all said gasolene will be used up during the starting period.'

4'. The combinati'onin an internal combustion engine, of a kerosene carbureter and a gasolene carbureter connected in series as regards the flow of air, the kerosene carbureter being more remote fromthe engine, a heating coil in the connection between the two carbureters, means for supplying fuel to the kerosene carbureter, a receptacle connected to the gasolene carbureter by a free passage,

and a container holding a limited supply of gasolene. just sufficient for starting the en- .only, all said light -fuel the starting-period.

gine once which adapted to be inserted into the receptacle, to feed its contents to the gaso'lene carbureter through said free passage whereby all said gasolene will be used up during the starting period. a

5. In combination, an internal combustion engine, a relatively heavy fuel carbureting means therefor, a, heater for'the mixture formed thereby, a carbureting means for a lighter fuel connected to the heavy fuel carburetmg means and the heater on one side and to the engine on the other and through which said mixture flows, a receptacle which is in free communication with the second carbureting means, and a sealed container confaining only a-suilicint amount of li ht fue v serted in the receptacle and its seal broken,

to start the engine once which, when inautomatically discharges its contents to the I by, a shut-ofl valve to control the admission of heavy fuel to the carbureter, a carbureter for a lighter fuel that is in permanent-and unrestricted communication with the heater and the engine and through which the heavy fuel must pass before entering the engine, a rece tachawhich is in free communication with t e second carbureter, and a sealed c'ontainer having only a suflici'ent amount of light fuel to start the. engine once which when inserted in the receptacle and its broken feeds fuel to the second carbureter being used during 7. In combination, in internal combustion engine, a heavy fuel carbureter, a heater for the mixture formed thereb a li ht fuel carbureter below the first and throng which said. mixture -passes to the engine, v a nozzle in. the light fuel" carbureter, 'a receptacle communication with the nozzle of the light fuel carbureter during thestarting period, the level of which corresponds to the level of the nozzle,

a sealed container adapted to be inserted in the receptacle and whose outlet is normally submerged in said body of fuel liquid seal, and means for breaking the sealto permit the fuel to flow from the container after the container into the receptacle. Q8. The combination in an internal combustion engine, of a kerosene carbureter, means for supplying fuel thereto, a gasolene carbureter having an adjustable needle valve, means for preventing the valve from being fully shut off, a receptacle, a pipe having an unrestricted passage connectingthe receptacle to the carbureter, and a container has been inserted a to form a,

'bustion engine, of carbnreting means, means 6' startingoperating members carried .by the receptacle holding a limited supply of asolene sufiicient for starting the engine w ich is adapts ed to be-inserted into the receptacle.

.9. The combination in an lnternal c0m- -fo r supplying kerosene thereto, a receptacle to the carburetin'g means by a free p a sealed container sholding. a limited su ply of gasolene just suflicient for e engine once which-is adapted 'to'be inserted into theireceptaclaand coand container which engage each other when the container is inserted in the receptacle for breaking the seal.

.10. The combination in. an internal com- I bustion engine, of carbureting means, means 7 intothe receptacle, :1. 25

container "is inserted for supplying kerosene thereto, a receptacle connected to the carbureting' means by a free passage, 9. oontainer having astopper sealed therein and holding a limited supply of gas'olene just sufficient for starting t e engine once which isada ted to be inserted CGPtMflGyfiDd a key carried 'by the stopper,

sa1d key'.engaging the key-way when-the into .the recep acle:

ried' by. the stoper an ey-way in the rewhereby the seal may the container.

v 11. The combination in an internal combustion engine; of carbureting means, means for supplying kerosene thereto, a receptacle connected to theflcarbureting supply of gaso'lene just suflicient for tar t for the container having a threaded. flange rovided with an opening, said opening.

ing closed when the stopper is screwed in place, and eoiperatmgparts carengage each ot er when the container in means by a' .free passage, a sealed contamer holding a 35. e engine once whichisadapted I to. be into the receptacle, :1. stopper be broken by turning receptacle which inserted into the receptacle whereby the container may be turned tounscrew the stopper. andperm t ,the COIltBIlt$rf$h6 container to flow through the openmgiifigfthe receptacle. In witness- -whereof, h vs hereunto set Witnesses:

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