US124860A - Improvement in base-burning fire-place heaters - Google Patents

Description

s. e. SEXTQN.

Ba/se Burnin-g Fire Place Heater.

3 Sheets--S-hee 1e Patented Marc1119, 1872.

a sheets--Sheer2- S.. B. SEXTON'.

` Base Burning Fire Place Heater. IN0..124,860, I I Patented March19, 1872.

WITNESSES.` e LNvENTom bnf l 3 Sheets--Sheet 3. s.B.sExT0N.

Base Burning Fire Place Heater.

No.124,860, Pmemeemamhrmra;

w'lTNEssEs` INVENron, 5?- f-me r Y Ma-wf ilivrrnn S'rA'rns Pn'rnlv'r @Prien SAMUEL B. SEXTON, OF BALTIMORE,1\IARYLAND.

IMPROVEMENT IN BASE-BURNING FIRE-PLACE HEATERS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 124,860, dated March 19,v 1872.

Specification of certain Improvements in Base-Burning Stoves and Fenders, invented by SAMUEL B. SEXTON, of Baltimore, inthe county of Baltimore, and State of Maryland. My improved stove is constructed withamagazine, the back part of which extends down to the bottom of the nre-chamber, or nearly so, andexpands downward to forman enlarged tire-chamber. The said rear wall ofthe magazine is exposed to air, causing it to serve as a radiating surface, and at the same time preserving it from burning out. The fuel passes to the combustion-chamber under the shorter front portion of the magazine, and the gases having no outlet at back, the draught and iiame are compelled to pass up through the iront of the stove, by which means more light and heat are radiated into the room. My invention further` consists in making the front wall of the magazine separate from the rear wall, so that it may be removed and replaced when necessary; and, further, in making it hollow, with a chamber through which air is passed for heating purposes, and also to preserve it from the destructive effect of heat. Theair heated within this chamber is either discharged into the room where the stove is located, or else by suitable connections conducted to other apartments. B y these improvements I am enabled to avoid, in all parts of the magazine, the destructive effect which results from exposing one surface of an iron plate to the direct action of the fire while its other surface is covered with a mass of coal or other solid matter, which prevents the circulation of air, or the free radiation or conduction of heat. My invention further consists in connecting the feed-door of the stove with the register or damper or valve at top of the magazine, so that the act of open ing the feed-door for the introduction of fuel will also open the register or valve to permit' the escape of gases from the magazine into the discharge-fine, and to communicate with the main draught ofthe stove. My invention further consists in providingl the fender with a drop-door, arranged as hereinafter described, to permit the removal of the ash-pan without moving the fender.

In the drawing, Figure lis a vertical section of a stove illustrating my invention, the plane of section being from front to back. Fig.

2 is a vertical section on the line a: w, Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a horizontal section in two planes, indicated by the lines y y, Fig. 1. Y Fig. 4 is a view of the top of the stove, partly in section, so as to exhibit the valve or register in top of the magazine and the means for operating the same. Fig. 5 is a section in the same plane as that shown in Fig. l, representing the front wall of the maga-zine, made hollow for circulation of air. Fig. 6 is a horizontal section on theline z z, Fig. 5. The dotted line in Fig. 6 indicates the plane of section represented in Fig. 5. Fig. 7 is a section illustrating another modiiication in the construction of the hollow' walls of the magazine.

The drawing does not show the ilues by which the gases may be conducted to the base grate G, or nearly so, constituting in fact the main back-wall of the stove, and is expanded downward so as to form an enlarged fire-chamber and afford room for the combustion of the coal. C is a chute or conductor, leading' from the top T of the stove through the top of the magazine, and covered by a feed-door, l). E is a register or direct-draught damper in the top of the magazine, to be opened in first kindling a iire, or to allow the escape of gases when the magazine is to be opened to supply it with coal. Arod, F, connects the feed-door D with the register E in such a manner that the opening of one opens the other, and the shutting of one closes the other. It will thus be seen that the act of opening the magazine to supply it with fuel places it in communication with the direct draught of the stove, so that the gases are instantly discharged, whereas at other times they can escape only under the lower edge of the front part A of the magazine over the surface of the incandescent fuel, by which they are ignited and consumed in the front part of the combustionchamber.

rI he front The outer shell H H is provided in front with illuminating windows h, and at back with openings h', to admit air to the rear wall B of the magazine and fire-chamber. Close partitions extend from the fire back B to the outer shell H of the air-chamber, separating the said air-chamber from the fire-chamberwithin the front portion H 7L of the shell. Sufficient space is left at J for the consumed gases to pass around the outside of the magazine to the space above the same, from which they escape into the discharge-line K. L is the fender, which is constructed with a door, M, hinged by its lower edge, and adapted to be turned down in the manner illustrated by the dotted lines in Fig. l, so as to admit of taking out the ashpan N without removing the fender. Great advantages result from my mode of extending the back part of the magazine down to the bottoln ofthe fire-chamber, or nearly so, and eX- pandin g it rearward and laterally to give room for the coal to spread and burn, and form an enlarged combustion-chamber. By

, thus enlarging the lower part of the magazine,

and exposing its back` to the air, it is prevented from burning out, and at the same time it affords a large and effective surface to heat air for the warming of other apartments, or the same one in which the stove is placed. In stoves where the magazine is not exposed to the atmosphere, but is covered by coal on one side and surrounded by Haines on the other, it is rapidly destroyed. In my stove the front plate A, which is exposed to heat on its outside, is constructed with a chamber, O, which receives air through apertures o o at each side or at bottom, and discharges it at top or in front through pipes I? B, which may be constructed and arranged to conduct it to any desired point. The hollow front plate A O maybe cast in two pieces, and secured together by screws or other adequate means, or it may be cast in one by means of a core to form the h ollow for the air to pass through. The front part ofthe cylinder may be made removable, and may rest by lugs a. a upon the rim or cap of the main lire-chamber, or it may be screwed to the flanges of the back B. Either or both modes may be adapted to support the cylinder. If preferred, the removable front A of the magazine containing the chamber O may be used in connection with a supplementary chamber in the back, as illustrated in Fig. 7, suitable openings being made in the joining-walls of the two chambers to allow air to pass from one to the other. This modification does not change the peculiar features in the construction of the back B or removable front A, on which my claims are based. In this case the space occupied by the air-chamber encroaches only on that part of the suppl y-reservoir which can be spared without detriment, and will constitute all the alteration necessary in a common stove to cause the air to pass all around the coal-chamber. The hot air may be discharged under the rim, as illustrated in Fig. 5, or above it, as shown in Fig. 7 Bymy inven tion I provide a greatly-increased extent of heating surface, and at the same time bring the active combustion entirely in front,.where it is wanted. My stove is also preserved from liability to clinker, because this effect does not occur on iron exposed to the air. Another great advantage in my mode of constructing the magazine in two parts, divided vertically, consists in the facility thus afforded for the free expansion and contraction of the parts without the violence and strain that occur either with an entire cylinder or with straight plates.

Claims.

I claim as my invention- 1. The back B of the magazine and fire-chamber, spreading both rearward and laterally in a downward direction, exposed to the air at back, and otherwise constructed and applied substantially as herein set forth.

2. The removable front A of the magazine, combined with the back B, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

3. The chamber O, formed within the removable front A of the magazine, in the manner herein shown and described.

4. The drop-door M, hinged by its lower edge to the fender L, as and for the purpose set forth.

5. The combined arrangement of feed-door D and damper F for simultaneous operation, substantially as described.

SAMUEL B. SEXTON.

Witnesses:

GEORGE T. LEONARD, S. B. SnX'roN, Jr.

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