US1243868A - Furnace. - Google Patents

Description

H. A. PQPPENIIUSEIII.

FURNACE.

APPLICATION FILED 050.6, I9I6.

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v H. A. POPPENHUSEN.

FUBNACE.

APPLICATION FILED DEC.6. I9I.

Patented Oct. 23, 1917.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

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.aras PATENT OFFICE.

HiERMAN A. POPPENHUS'EN, OF HAMMOND, INDIANA, ASSIGNOR TO GREEN ENGINEER- ING COMPANY, 0F EAST CHICAGO, INDIANA, A CORPORATION OF ILLINOIS.

FURNACE.

To all telic/m t may concern.' y

Be it knownthat I, HERMAN A. PoPrnN- nUsEN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Hammond, in the county of Lake and State of Indiana, have invented new and useful Improvements in Furnaces,'of which the following is a specification. I

This invention relates to improvements in furnaces, and more particularly to furnaces of the mechanical stoker type, equipped with a movable form of grate, preferably of the traveling chain construction.

A desirable feature of construction in a furnace of the character described is Athe provision of mechanical or forced draft,

' preferably delivered to the furnace .through air ducts, which communicate with an lair space or compartment below the active grate area. In furnaces so equipped the compartments are preferably formed by .providing a partition member or deflecting plate beneath the grate and serving to inclose the intermediate space from the entrance of free air from the lower portion of the furnace, the air from the forced draft ducts being preferably conducted to the compartment through vertical passages at either side of the grate and formed between the side walls of the furnace and vertical partition walls spaced inwardlyl from said side Walls and extending from the fioor of the furnace upwardly and in contact with the sidemargins of the deflecting partition plate,` said vertical passages' communicating with the forced draft ducts located below the floor level of the furnace, through openings at the \lower ends of said passages.

In addition to providing for the passage of air to the grate, it is desirable to employ means for collecting and disposing of the .small particles of unburned coal or ash,

called droppage for convenience, which ordinarily falls through the interstices of the grate. ere a fine grade of coal is burned, the quantity of droppage is consid erable and would ordinarily be lost or inaccessibleforreclaiming, and especially so in the particular construction employed, which .would permit the `droppage to accumulate in thel air passages and forced draft ducts and eventually clog them up,y

inasmuch .as these parts of the furnace are quite inaccessible for cleaning.

The purpose 'of this invention is pro Specification of Letters Patent. Patented 0613.23, 19.17. application mea December 6, 191e. serial No. 135,46*?.

vide an arrangement of movable members 5t servlng in 4two ca'pacities, namely, as dampers for the purpose of changing from natural' to forced draft, if occasion demands, and as swinging deiecting plates, adapted.

in one position ,to coperate with the fixed l deflecting plate to form a trough or receptacle for the collection of the droppage, land adapted to be moved to permit the dropnage 1 to fall and to be deflected uponothe furnace floor, and simultaneously covering the openings of the forced draftducts.

Inasmuch as these platesare capable of performing keither function irrespective of the other, the present invention pertains to the construction and operation of these mem- Figure l 's a View 1n longitudinal section -75 through a furnace containing the features of the invention; l

Fig. 2 is a-transverse section of the .fur'

nace, taken on line 2 2 ofFig. 1; 'and Fig. 3 vis a plan section taken online H 80 ofFig. l, showing the arrangement of ducts and damper operating mechanisms.

Referring tothe drawings, the parts of the furnace lillustrated comprise', in general,

theside Walls 10, l10, ofthe brick construc- 85 tion common to furnace settingsya front wall 12; a coking breast 13, extending rearwardly and'over the forward end of the ire box or combustion chamber, said frot Wall Aand coking breast supporting the front header and forward end gf the lower bank of boiler tubes 14. Rearwardly of the front. wall 12, and extending upwardlyfrom the floor of the furnace setting, is .a bridge wall 15. Within the .fire Ybox and extending for-A wardly from the bridgewal'l l5 and beyond the front Wall 12, is the grate 16, the same having the form ofan .endless Chaim-'as ebeforegmentioned, formed vof a multitude of connected together links, the portion of the 100 upper horizontalA :grate "extending rearwardly from the front wall forming the active or fuel bed supporting areaofthe grate.

The chain grate issupported and operated in the following manner At 'the sides the grate and in contactwith `the inner sur-- f ace of the side walls-10, 10 `are xf'erticalv` side frame members 1'?, '-17, provided alongstheir upper margins with a plurality of inwardly projecting flanges 18, 18. Spaced apart at suitable intervals along the flanges 18, 18 and preferably lintegral therewith, are journal bearings 19 supporting` the end journals of a plurality of parallel and transversely extending rollers 20, which pass beneath the upper portion of the chain grate and support the same. At the rear ends of the side frame members 17, 17 are mounted plates or extensions 21, 21, which support journal bearings 22. A shaft 23 is j ournaled in said bearings 22, there being fixed upon said shaft a series of sprocket wheels 2e, 24C, carrying the chain grate.

From the forward end of the furnace extend vertical side plates 25,25, in the nature of exterior continuations of the side frame members 17. Journaled in suitable bearings `in said plates 25, 25 and extending between the same, is a shaft 26, likewise carrying a Series of sprocket wheels 27 meshing` with and carrying the forward end of the chain grate. Suitable driving mechanism (not shown) serves to rotate the sprocket shaft, thus moving the chain grate to carry the fuel rearwardly upon the surface of the j grate. Immediately above the forward end of the grate 16 is the fuel hopper 28, comprising end walls, integral with the side plates 25, 25, and` a downwardly-inclined rear wall 29, said hopper communicating at lits bottom with the fire box, through an elongated opening intermediate the lower edge of the front wall 12 and the surface of the grate 16, said opening being capable of regulation, as to size, by means of a vertically movable gate 30 and suitable actuating devices (not shown). The fuel is introduced onto the .forward end` of the grate, and is carried rearwardly on the moving grate until it reaches the rear end, inthe form of ash, where it drops by gravity into the ash pit or other receptacle.

Referring now to the construction and arrangement of the interior of the furnace, the space below the upper chain or lead of the grate and inwardly from the front wall 12 of the furnace is preferably divided into a plurality of chambers or compartments 31, 3 2, and 33, formed in the following manner: As shown in Figs. 1 and 3, the side frame members 17 consist of a plurality of sections, of equal length and arranged in pairs,

each pair forming the sides of the three compartments. Each section or side frame .Amember is provided at its ends with vertical flanges 34, 34, arranged at right` angles and extending inwardly in close proximity to the lateral edges of the grato, there being preferably provided spaces between the ianges, extending the full height of the sections.

Extending transversely of the side frame members 17, 17 are a plurality of transverse frame members 35, the same having the j Leashes 19 downwardly in close proximity to the upper surface ofthe lower chain or lead of the grate. The endsof the side frame yniembers extend into the spaces between the flanges 34 of the side frame members (the end portions of the webs 36 and 37 being removed through the portions between said flanges), and are secured. to the side frame members by means of bolts 38 extending through the flanges 34.

lRigidly secured to and extendinglongiv tudinally between the transverse frame members 35 and spaced'below the upper lead of the grate 16, are a plurality of dellecting plates ll-O, each plate being of an inverted V shape in cross-sectional contour, the inclined surfaces sloping downwardly from the central portion of the grate, and terminating in the vertical plane ofthe side margins of vthe 'grate and immediately above the edges ofthe lower lead thereof, there being a space separating the'lower margins of the deflecting plate and the side frame members 17. rll`he delecting plates 40 form the bottom walls of the compartments, and, by reason of the oppositely sloping surfaces thereof, serve to divide the droppage falling upon the plates into two parts, which are carried by gravity downwardly toward the edges of the plate, as will hereinafter be more fully described.

Below the lower lead of the grate is provided a plurality of transverse plates 41 extending between the side frame members 17 and in the plane of the transverse frame members 35, the ends of said plates extending into the spaces between the flanges 3l of the side frame members 17 and connected thereto in the same manner as said transverse frame members. 'The upper margin of each plato 41 is spaced below the under surface of the grate, there being mounted in said space a series of rollers 42, which engage and support the lower portion of the grate, said rollers being provided at their ends with journals, which are mounted within bearings 43, 43, preferably formed integral'with the plates ,l1 and located along i ecting plates lower margin by a suitable hinge joint, preferably consisting of a downwardly facing groove formed in the lower edge ofthe plate 46 and engaging a rib 47 extending upwardly from the foor of the furnace. The upper plate 45 is .connected to the lower plate 46 by means of suitable hinges 48, so arranged as to permit the .plates to be flexed in -an outward direction. In normal position'the two plates or parts 45 and 46 extend verticallyl in alinement with each other, the .upper plate extending above the side `margins ofthe delecting plate 40 and'having contact therewith, thereby forming with the inclined surfaces of the fixed plate 40, two longitudinally extending troughs or receptacles, substantially V-shaped in crosssection. v

' As has been heretofore suggested, the de- 44 may. also be utilized as dampers to control the passage of free air to the several compartments, but inasmuch i' as. this feature of the construction is fully described elsewhere, this ."feature is omittedV from the present discussion, except as regards the vertical .air passages,` which are formed when the deiiecting plates are in the normal vertical position, as shown in full linesin Fig-2. The vertical passages referred to are the spaces included between the p'lates 44and the side frame members, said passages or spaces being arranged in pairs 49, 49; 50, 50, and 51, 51, associated with the compartments 31, 32, and 33and extend fromv the floor of the furnace, on oplpositesides of the grate, and communicate at their upper yends with their respective compartments. The passages are also closed from communication with the free air space below the grate by the deflecting plates when in normal or vertical position.

The vertical passages communicate with a series 'of forced draft ducts, which are arranged as follows: Below the Hoor level of the furnace is provided a space 4extending throughout the length and width of the grate and forwardly a short distance beyond the front wall ofthe furnace, said space being preferably separated from the space immediately below the grate by means of a Hooi-'plate 52 of metal or other suitable construction," but communicating with the lower ends of the vertical passages 49, 50, and 51 by means' of a'r plurality of openings 53 in the floor, connecting the subfloor space with each of said vertical passages. The space belowthe/ floor plate is divided into a series of longitudinally extending ducts or air passages, 'formed by means of vertical partition walls 54 extending between the bottom surface of the space and the Hoor plate. The partition walls are arranged so as to form pairs of ducts 'adapted to supply air to each compartmentl through the vertical side passages thereof, and-'in the following manner. i

The outer'pairs of ducts 55'," 55 extend only throughout fthe length of the first or outermost compartment 31, the inner end thereof being closed by providing the partition wall thereof withV curved end portions, which terminate at right angles to the longitudinal portions of the walls and in abutting-relation with the side wall of the space below the floor. Th'e ducts 55, 55 comf municate with the lower ends of the verytical passages 49, '49, associated with the compartment 31 through the openings 53, 53 at the lowerv ends of the vertical passages.

In [like manner the pair of ducts 56, 56, located adjacent the outer pair of ducts 55, 55, vcommunicate with the vertical passages of the middle compartment 32, the partition walls ,54, 54 thereof extending rearwardly and terminating'in curved end portions, which close` the end of the duct, as before described. The \ducts 56, .56 communicate p withthe lower ends of the vertical passages 50, through the openingsv 53 at the lower ends thereof. The central or larger duct 57, formed between the inner walls 5 4, 54, communicates with the'remaining portion of the space located below the rearmost compartment 33, said space in turn communicating with the 'vertical' passages 51, 51 of said compartment 33 in the same manner as do the ducts 55 and 56, heretofore described, namely, .by openings similar `to' 53 at the lower ends ofsaid Vertical passages.

lrlhe outer or forward ends of the ducts 55,

56, and 57 communicate with a space `or ycross passage 58,.common to all, extending transversely 'of said ducts and adapted to v.supply air, to all of said ducts from a sin gle source of supply, preferably a Vsingle passage .59, in which is mounted a fan or lower 60, operated by a motor 61, both fan and motor being preferably mounted in the passage 59, which receives a supply of air through a suitable opening covered with a grating 62 set in the floor in front ofthe furnace, the air' thus forced into the several ductsv being carried into the vertical pas` sages and thence into the compartments from the sides thereof.

A preferable operating mechanism for actuating the deflecting plates, in a manner to move them laterally from the margins of the liXed defiecting plateand 'for the purpose hereinafter seiJ forth, consists of parts follows: Referring first to members oit the operating mechanism, common'to all of the plates 44, `there is pivotally connected to each plate, adjacent to the lower margins of the upperplates Al5 and intermediate their lateral edges, links 65, preferably joined to journal bearing members lili iXed to the plates. The links extend inwardly in a horizontal direction and are pivotally connected at their inner ends to linlrs 67 67 extending transversely 'of the links 65, said links 67, 67 being pivotally mounted upon the transverse plates el by means of bear ing members 68, 68, fixed to said plates and having connection with the ends of the links 'transmitting' the desired 'sivinni by means of downwardly depending connecting members 69, 69.

The links 67, 67, associated with each pair of plates 44, 4M, are connected to each other by means of a transverse bar 7() and short intermediate links 7l, 71, pivotally connected at their ends to the ends of the `bar and the links 67, 67 intermediate the ends of the latter. Extending longitncli` nally of the air space below the grate and centrally thereof is an endwise movable rod 72 mounted in bearings 78, preferably secured in apertures formed in the several plates 41 below the grate, said rody having rigid connection with each. of the several bars 70, the latter being provided intermediate their ends With collars, which sin1n round the rod and are rigidly ixed'thereto,

The rod 72 extends beyond the forward compartment, and is operated by a lever 74 mounted on and connected to the rod in the following: manner xtendingt ansversely of the forwardly extending frame members 25, 25, is a shaft 75, rotatively mounted in bearings provided in said frame members, said shaft projecting beyond 'the frame members on one side of the furnace. intermediate the ends of the said shaft is provided a tinted crank arm 76, having connection with the end of said rod 72 by means of a link 77. At the outer end of lho shaft 7 5 is lined the lever 74. adapted to be operated by hand to rotate the shaft 75 and, through the crank and link connection, to mpve the rod 72 endwise., the endwise movement the rod movement to the dampers through 'the inl-ermee diate arrangement oi the bars 70 and links 71. 67, and (l5,

From the foregoing description of the .furnace construction, the arrangement of deflect-ing plates coact in the following-manner to accomplish the desired results. lVith the platcs in vertical position and Iin contact with the margins o" the fixed deducting plate of cach compartment, there is formed along the sides of the compartment two l# shaped troughs formed by the inclined surfaces ot the fined plate and the portions of the vertical plates extending above the edges ot said lined plate. The droppage, upon 'striking the inclined surfaces of the liXed plate, is carried by gravity to either margin thereof and is retained and collected in the trough-like*receptacle. `NOW, if it is desired to empty the troughs ot' the accumulation of droppage, the vertical plates are swung outwardly, by means ci the operating mechanism, toward the side frame members, thereby permitting the accumulation of droppage to tall downwardly through the opening thus formed. lin the swingingl movement oi the plates, the upper member thereof preferably retains a ver tical position, whereas the lower member assumes an inclined position over the opening?,i to the torced draft ducts, thus the droppago in falling is directed or deflected, by vertical and inclined surfaces, inwardly and onto the door ol the furnace, heneath the grate. lin this manner, the forced. draft ducts are maintained free from accumul ation of the droppage, and, furthermore, the droppag'e is discharged ont/o the loo'r Where it can be readily removed and reclaimed by suitable tools.

The details of construction whereby the desired results are accomplished c'an obviously be modified Without departing from the spirit of the invention, and for that reason l' do not wish to limit 'the scope of the invention, except in so :lar as specifiycally pointed out in the appended claims.

l claim as my invention:

l. ln a furnace, the combination of av v 2grate, a dellectinp; plate mounted beneath said Lerai'e and inclined downwardly toward the edge of vsaid grate. a movable plate ein' tending' transversely of said dellecting plate above and belon-` the same, and adapted to. be moved into and outer contact with the margin of said deflecting plate.

, 2. ln a furnace, thev combinatidnl of a ;rate, an inclined dellectinfr plate munted beneath said grate. a movable dilate extendingr transversely of and above and beloivfthe lower edge of said defiecting; plate, and adapted to be moved into and out ot cont-act with said edgre or' lthe deflecting" plate, said movable plate beingv adapted to provide an inclined surface beneath the opening formed by the movement .of the same out' of contact with said dclectiug plate.

3. ln a furnace, the eouibii'iation of a grate. a delecting plate below said grate and inclined downwardly `toward the side of the "furnace, .a movable dclectingplate pivotally mounted below said inclined plate and extending above the lower margin of and in contact `with said inclined plate to form a trough, and means for swinging said lli) movable plate in a direction away from said inclined plate, to permit the contents of the trough to be discharged by gravity.

4. In a furnace, the vcombination 'of a grate, a xed ydeflecting plate mounted n the air space below the grate, an ,air duct communicating with said air space below said detlecting plate, al movable delecting plate mounted in said air space and normally extending above and in Contact with an edge of said fixed plate, to form a trough, and means for swinging said movable plate away from said Xed plate and into a position to extend over the opening of said air duct. 5. In a furnace, the combination of a grate, an inclined deliecting plate mounted below said grate, the lower margin thereof terminating below a margin of said gratey an air duct communicating with the air space below said grate through an opening in the Hoor of the furnace in substantially vertical alinement with the margin of said plate, a vertical deilecting plate pivotally mounted below said margin ol' the inclined plate and normally in Contact with said margin and forming a trough, and means for swinging said vertical plate away from said inclined plate and over said opening of the air duct.

1n ltestimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention, l alix my signature inthe, presence of two witnesses, this l2nd day of December, A. D. 1916. 1

HERMAN A. POPPENH'USEN. Vitnesses:

CHARLES H. POOLE, CLARA L.' PEorLns.

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