US1064500A - Furnace. - Google Patents

Description

Patentd June 10,1913.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

53 5 A611) S Q WITNESSES. INVENTOR H. N. LEASK.

FURNACE.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 9, 1907.

1,064,500, Patented June 10, 1913.

6 8HEETSSHEET 2.

Fig.2.

H. N. LEASK.

FURNACE. APPLIGATION FILED SEPCI. 9, 1907.

1,064,500., Patented J u ne 10, 1913.

6-BHEETS-SHEET 3.

WITNESSES. INVENTOR H. N. LEASK.

FURNACE.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 9, 1907.

Patented June 10,1913.

6 SHBETS-SHEET 4.

K INVENTOR WITNESSES. zew

H. N. LEASK.

FURNACE. APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 9, 1907.

1,064,500, Patented June 10, 1913.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

WITNESSES. 0 I INVENTOR H. N. LEASK.

FURNACE.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT.9, 1907.

1,064,500, Patented June 10, 1913.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 6.

' INVENTOR HENRY NORMAN LEASK, 0F EGREMONT, ENGLAND.

I FURNACE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June it), 191 3.

Application filed September 9, 1907. Serial No. 392,004..

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, HENRY NORMAN LEASK, British subject, and resident of Egremont, county of Chester, England, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Furnaces, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to furnaces of all descriptions and for all purposes in which it may be advantageous to remove the grate, sole or table of the furnace for any purpose such as charging or discharging and clearing the furnace of clinker or slag or to insert therein or to withdraw therefrom a billet or ingot or crucible or for any other purpose in which it may be found advantageous to so remove the grate or a portion thereof, and to-that class of furnace known as refuse-destructors that 'is to say to furnaces for burning towns refuse or other not easily combustible materials or materials containing a non-combustible matter, and which produce a large percentage of clinker.

In such furnace as at 7 resent constructed there are a number of disadvantages which it is the purpose of the present invention to obviate. The chief disadvantage lies in the great difficulty of clearing a furnace of clinker or slag which at present has to. be done by hand and very much interferes with the efficiency of the furnace, as it takes up about 20% of its working time and during this time not only is the furnace producing little heat but cold air is entering in large quantities.

clinker or slag by hand is the damage which the clinker tools do to the avails of the furnace for as a matter of fact practically all such damage and deterioration is due to the use of these tools, andthe entrance of cold air. Another source of-loss in the present.

arrangement is that when the clinker 1s removed there is considerable quantity of heat therein of which no use is made, so that a double loss accrues due to the removal of the hot clinker and the inlet of cold air. Asa direct result of this latter objection a further objection arises, namely, that conlarge proportion of' The operation of hand clearing a furnace of clinker or slag is also a most laborious, arduous and unpleasant one and,

siderable land is required to provide space for cooling the hot clinker, and where dostructors are erected in the vicinity of dwellings they are often found disadvantageous and a nuisance not from incomplete or partial combustion in the furnace, but from the fumes emanating from the clinker yard dueto smoldering clinker and the odor arising after artificial cooling of the clinker or from rain falling thereon. Another obvious disadvantage is the fact that at present the furnaces have to be cleared of clinker every one and a half or two hours.

The furnace which is the object of the present invention, and which, as stated above is designed to obviate, the disadvantages referred to, in its essential features is constructed with a grate or grates which are made capable of being completely or gradually lowered or dropped from the primary position, with or without a ram or rams to press the clinker off of the grate into a truck or chamber conveniently arranged to receive same. and with or without a chamber for cooling the clinker and means for passing the whole or part of the air supply for the furnace dver or through the hot clinker to heat it before it reaches the furnace.

The invention will be fully described with reference to the accompanying drawings in which several forms of the invention as applied to refuse destructors are shown.

Figure 1 is a transverse section through the cell of the refuse destructor to which the invention is applied. Fig. 2 is a section taken on the line 22, Fig. 1 through thefurnace in a plane at right angles to that.

shown by Fig. 1, or longitudinally of the furnace and showing two cells with grates in raised and lowered positions respectively. Fig. 3 is a transverse section through the furnace illustrating a truck for receiving the clinker. Fig. 4 is a horizontal section of the furnace,-the grates being omitted. Fig. 5 is a transverse section through a cell showa modified means for supplying air to ing the same. Fig. (3 is a View similar to Fig. 4

showing the furnace with a single cooling chamber common to all the cells in the unit. Fig. 7 is a sectional view showing an organization of elements for shutting off the furnacewhen the grate is lowered. Fig. 8 is a plan view of a ram for pushing the clinker out of the grate when the latter is lowered. F ig. 9 is a Vertical section taken on the line 00-00, Fig. 8.

In Figs. 1 and 2 a furnace is shown constructed according to the inventionin which a ram is employed to push the clinker off of the grate when in the lowered position.

The furnace includes in its make-up some suitable kind of combustion chamber which is provided with a grate. This grate in the present instance consists of a movable memher or grate proper which I will hereinafter for convenience simply refer to as a grate and ends which are hereinafter described as perforated boxes. The upper part of the furnace or cell A is of any usual construction. The grate B is supported on a head of a hydaulic ram Z) in such a manner that it can be raised and lowered in the furnace as desired as particularly shown by Fig. 1. .The member I) is composed of a channel section open at the ends and having the sides extending outward and preferably slightly tapered endwise so that when in the lowered position the ram C can be pushed over it from end to end toforce the clinker out of it. The furnace or cell A adjacent to the ends of the member or section b is providedwith the hollow perforated boxes 6 which are fixed in the furnace walls. These boxes may be divided into sections if desired, and air, steam or water may be blown or forced through them on to the tire. The grate as a complete organization, therefore comprises the vertically movable main grate member 0- and the hollow perforated boxes I) which form the inclosing walls for the main grate member when the latter is elevated in nor-,

mal position.

A flounce or downwardly projecting wall D is made all around the. rising and falling grate which extends downward into a water chamber 03 of corresponding shape to form a water seal and the air supply for the grate may be introduced through the inclosed chamber thus formed so that none of the air escapes.

To prevent any ashes falling to the bottom of the chamber E baflies d are formed inside the flouncc to receive the ashes and a door (1 is provided in the side to remove same. i

To prevent the edges of the grate burning away part or the whole of the air is directed into the corners by baflle plates (3 before it can pass through the perforations in the sides of the grate. Any other form of seal v for the air supply than that described may be employed. In Fig. 5, a closed ash box (i is employed having a downwardly extending pipe d which telescopes into a water seal (Z formed around the air inlet (1. Any other means for preventing the edges of the grate from burning than that described may also be employed. As shown also in Fig. 2 the divisionwalls a between the cells may be formed with overhanging edges or flanges a to protect the edges of the grate and direct the flame away therefrom.

Behind the furnace and preferably under the charging platform as shown a chamber H is disposed and into which the clinker from the grate is pushed when in the lowered position. This chamber may be common to all the cells in the unit (see Fig. (3) or may be divided (see Fig. i) so that there is a separate chamber to each cell and may be provided with a series of bars it onto which'the clinker is pushed as shown in Fig. 1. ()r .instcad of being provided with bars to receive the clinker a truck (see Figs. 3 to (3) running either on rails or on the ground may be arranged to be run into the chamber H corresponding to the grate to be cleared of clinker to receive the clinker as it is pushed off the grate. I

The air supply for the furnace either before or after passing through the ordinary air heater may be passed over or through the hot clinker to take up the waste heat before it is passed to the furnace, and if desired such extra heated air may be passed directly to the cell justcleared of clinker and recharged to aid in drying the new charge or may be passed to the general sup ply of the furnace.

To push the clinker off of the grate into the chamber H any means may be employed but we prefer to use a ram C as shown in the drawings: This ram may be operated.

the brackets L which carry the forcing plate M, the said brackets being secured tothc latter. The brackets L are mounted on' the cross piece 0 by means of slotsl formed therein through which the cross piece freely passes. These slots are made con siderably larger than the cross piece 0 to allow of the brackets rising and falling thereon freely. -The press plate M is pro-,

vided at the bottom with a renewable edge piece m and with wheels or runners m to carry it, so that the we ght does not come upon the edge piece m.

. 'If desired a closure may be bmploylal to shut off the combustion chamber of the.

furnace from the space below when the grate is lowered... As shown in Fig. 7 the closure M is operated by the clinker ram (3. The front end of the closure is attached to the head of the ram and supported by rollers n running in channel irons 0 built mto the walls ofthe furnace. The back fnocasoo portion of the closure is supported by v a roller 41/ which runs upon the cylinder of the ram C; In all otherrespects the form of the device shown by Fig. 7 is similar in construction' to the furnace shown by Figs. 1 and 2; Any convenient means other than a hydraulic ram may also be employed for raising the grate into position in the furnace and suitable mechanical means such as the catches '1 (see Fig. 2) may also be employed if desired to maintain the grates in the raised position.

What is claimed is: 1. A furnace having a combustion chamber, a rising and falling grate member, hydraulic means engaging said grate member to control the rising and falling movements of the latter, and a device having a fixed applied position relatively to the grate and movable across the latter member when the latter is lowered for removing the mass supported thereon without displacing said grate member from its engaging means.

2. A furnace comprising a combustion chamber, a rising and falling grate member cooperating with the combustion chamber and having a channel form, hydraulic means for engaging the said grate member to control the rising and falling movements of the latter, and means to traverse the grate member between the sides thereof when in its lowered position to remove therefrom the material supported thereon without displacing the said member from its engaging means.

' 3. A furnace comprising "a combustion chamber, a rising, and falhn'ggrate member cooperating with the' said chamber, a wall depending from the grate member, and a receptacle below the grate member for containing liquid and into which the said wag movably projects to form a seal for the wa 4. A furnace comprising a combustion chamber provided with a rising and falling grate, means movable across the grate to discharge 'the mass supported on'the grate when the latter is in loweredpo'sition, and an inclosed cooling chamber, to receive the mass discharged from said grate.

5. A furnace having a combustion chamber provided with a rising and falling grate member, a wall projecting downwardly from the grate member, a liquid containing receptacle below the grate member for receiving said wall to form a seal for the latter, said wall and receptacle constitutin a duct and in communication with said com bustlon chamber, and a second duct for supplying air to the ducts formed by the Wall and receptacle.

6. A furnace comprising a combustion said grate member,

and lowering chamber having a rising and falling grate member, a hydraulic ram for supporting a wall projecting downwardly from-the" grate member and providing a tubular inclosure, and a receptacle below the grate member for containing liquid and to receive the said wall to form a seal for the wall, the ram being disposed within the wall and receptacle-- 7. A furnace comprising a combustion chamber provided with arising and falling grate member, a device movable over the grate member when lowered to discharge the contents of said member, and a closure movable over the lower portion ofthe said chamber with said device when the latter moves toward its operative position, the closure being interposed between the lower portion of the combustion chamber and the lower grate and positioned above the discharging device.

8. A furnace comprising a combustion chamber'provided with a rising and falling grate member, a hydraulic ram movable over the grate member when lowered to dis 'charge thecontents, of said grate member without displacing the latter, and a closure movable over the lower portion of the comjbustion chamber and positioned above the said ram, the closure being simultaneously movable with the ram.

-9. -A furnace comprising a combustion chamber provided with a rising and falling grate member having a depending fiounce therearound and a fixed perforate grate. member, the fiounce forming an air chamber, ducts for supplying air to said combustion chamber and flounce, and battling means to direct the air into the corners or edges of the grate before the air can pass through the perforations in the fixed grate member. I i

10. A furnace comprising a combustion chamber provided with a rising and falling grate member, hydraulic means for raising the grate member, baflle means for preventing ashes-and other residuum from falling into the interior of the hydraulic means, and a hydraulic'ram horizontally .disposed and provided with a loosely mounted head .to move across the said grate member when the latter is in its lowered position and without displacing the grate member from a position in alinement with the lower' portion of the chamber.

I In witness whereof, I have hereunto signed my name in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

HENRY NORMAN LEASK.

Witnesses;

J. OWDEN OBnInN, 'HARRY BAnNrATnnn.

Images