US1242578A - Steam-turbine. - Google Patents

Description

I. L. MOORE.

STEAM TURBINE.

APPLICATION mm SEPT. 5, 1916.

1,242,578. Patented Oct. 9,1917.

2 SHEETS-SHEET I.

.EF ////////%II J. L. MOORE. STEAM wuasms. APPLICATION FtLED SEPT.5. I916.

Patented Oct. 9, 1917.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2- 2 the diap UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JAMES L. MOORE, 0F WELLSVILLE, NEW YORK. AssrGNOR r0 O'ORE STEAM T RBINE CORPORATION, OF WELLSVILLE, NEW YORK, A CORPORATION on NEW YORK.

STEAM-TURBINE.

Application filed September 5, 1916.

Z '0 all whom it may concern Be it known that I, JAMES L. Moonn, a pgizen of the United States, residing at ellsville, in the county of Allegany and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Steam Turbines, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to steam turbines in 0 which the steam is passed and expanded by 5 looking the diaphragnis forming the fixed transverse walls of said chambers in which the rotor member of the turbine rotates and thereby insure a steam tight joint between each dia hragm and the casing surrounding liragms, whereby the steam is not permitted to pass from one chamber or stage to the next except through the proper nozzles, ducts, or passageways in said diaphragms and efiiciently impinge against the buckets or blades of the rotor member.

Heretofore great difiiculty has been experienced, in the type of turbines above indicated, to make a steam tight joint between the outer edge of the diaphragm and the casing and thereby prevent the leakage of the "steam gfrom stage to stage. Copper or fuse wire or other soft material has been used between the diaphragm and the casing to obtain satisfactory results, but npne of Bti'thSe ezrl has P entirely Satis' factory'and economical to the manufacturer.

The 'objects of my invention are to rovide simple and inexpensive means whereby diaphragms of a steam turbine of the class re- 4o"fei;red to may be quickly assembled and properly fixed in position with res eat to the casing, and at the same time readily forced, adjusted and locked in proper position against seatsrovided in the casing, so as to insure no eakage of steam between the casing and diaphragm or from sta e to stage, duringthe operation of the ,turbme.

A further object of the invention is to rovide such a construction and arrangesl) ment, that the adjustmentof the diaphragm with respect to the casin can be made at one yorfl several points in ependent of each other jthesamegdia' hragm, and the ad- .justments of ea dmp i Specification of Letters Patent.

held to ether proper position with eam ar i d .e' l- A p on the foun- 6 5 amt of all the other diaphragms, whereby Patented Oct. 9, 1917.

Serial No. 118,530.

any local leakage in any section of any one of the diaphragms can be stopped without be ng re uired to disturb the properly adusted an locked position of any diaphragm section in part or as a whole.

Other objects and advantages of the in vention will appear from the hereinafter detailed description, in which construction, mode of manufacture and method of using the same will be disclosed.

My invention consists of structural. characteristics and relative arrangements of the elements comprising the steam turbine which will be hereinafter more fully described and particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

In the accompanying two sheets of drawings, similar reference characters indicate the same parts in the several figures, in which Figure 1 is a side elevation of a steam turbine partly in section showing the applica tion of my invention;

Fig. 2 is a transverse sectional view on an enlarged scale of one-half of the central section of the divided cylinder;

Fig. 3 is a side view on an enlarged scale of one of the half sections of the divided diaphragms;

Fig. 4 is an enlarged and fragmentary sectional view of the construction shown in Fig. l, with the rotor removed;

Figs. 5, 6 and 7 are similar sectional views as Fig. 4 of modified forms of the same invention.

The steam turbine casing illustrated in Fig. 1 consists of the central cylinderseotions 10 and 10', a head 11 provided With live steam inlet 12, and a head 13 having an exhaust Outlet 14, said heads Hand 13 being secured to the central cylinder sections 10 and 10 by bolts 15 as shown. The

Bolts 19, 19, passing through horizontal and abutting flanges on the halves of said cylinder sections 10 and 10' and heads 11 and;

18 are provided, whereby thehalves of said section and heads are firmly and securely spect to each other and firmly dation of an engine bed. A governor 20 is shown attached to the shaft 16, for regulating the supply of the steam passing through the engine. The turbine casing heads, bearings and governor as above described are all old and further illustration and disc1o sure are not necessary for the full understanding of the present invention.

Within and on the inner side of each of the cylinder sections 10 and 10 of the engine casing are provided a series of circular recesses 21, properly spaced and arranged along the inner side of the cylinder to receive the diaphragms 22, as shown, said diaphragms being preferably divided as shown in Fig. 3, and have central semi-circular notches 22 to provide for the passage of the engine shaft 16, as is common in turbine practice. Each of the diaphragms 22 is provided near its periphery with one or a plurality of nozzles, ducts or passageways 23, for the passage of the steam from one stage to the next succeeding stage of the turbine. Between each pair of the diaphragms 22 is interposed a rotary member or wheel 24 secured to the shaft 16, and having the usual buckets or blades 25, to receive the impact of the steam as it issues from the nozzles 23, in passing through the different stages of the turbine.

The cylinder sections 10 and 10 of the casing are provided with a series of threaded circular openings or recesses 26, radially arranged in separated planes normal to the axis of the cylinder sections 10 or 10, and disposed so that the axes of the openings 26 are substantially in the same or a little to one side of the plane of one side of the recesses 21 within the cylinder sections 10 and 10 as shown in Figs. 1 to 5. Said openings or recesses 26 are preferably tapered and threaded as shown, and while I have shown five of such openings or recesses 26 symmetrically arranged in each section of the cylinder, corresponding to recess 21, said arrangement may be varied and the number of openings 26 may be increased or decreased without in any way departing from the spirit of my invention.

Each of the diaphragms 22 is provided with semi-circular notches or grooves 27 registering with and corresponding to the number, position and taper of the openings 26, in the cylinder sections, and said openings 26 and notches 27 are properly positioned, formed and arranged with respect to each other, by assemblin the half section of the diaphragm 22 in t e recess 21 of one of the half sections 10 or 10 of the cylinder,

and by means of bolts or other expedient,,

pull u the said diaphragm 22 against the side 0 its recess opposite to that at which the circular openings or recesses26 are to be formed, and at the same time drawing the section of the diaphragm 22 up to a plate or fixture extending across andresting on the horizontal flanges of the cylinder section 10 or 10 so as to bring the lower straight and radial face of the diaphragm 22 in line with the face of the half section of the cylinder corresponding to the plane of its horizontal flanges. After the diaphragm 22 has been so adjusted and clamped in the recess 21, of the cylinder section, as above described, the tapered circular holes or recesses 26, in said cylinder section 10 or 10' and semi-circular recesses or notches 27, in the diaphragm 22, are then drilled in one operation. The holes or recesses 26 and notches 27 are then tapped with threads,

after which they are in condition to receive the tapered screw plugs 28, as shown; said plugs 28, shown in Figs. 1, 4, 5 and 6 may be similar to the ordinary pipe plugs, if so desired.

In Fig. 6 is shown a modified form of the invention, in which the tapered circular hole or recess 26' is drilled from the inside of the casing or cylinder section 10, instead of from the outside as shown in Figs. 1, 4, and 5.

Fig. 7 shows a further modification of the invention in which an inner tapered plug 28' having a threaded section 28 engagin the casing and a plain section 31, within an abutting against the unthreaded notch or recess 27 of the diaphragm 22. A second and outer screw plug 29, is used to insure steam tight joint between the interior and outside of the cylinder casing should any steam leak by the threaded section 28 of the plug 28'.

From the foregoing disclosure of the formation, relation and mode of assembling the several parts of the invention, it will be seen that when the tapered plugs 28 or '28 are screwed or driven into the threaded openings 26 or 26 of the cylinder casing, said plugs 28 or 28 will engage the diaphragm. 22 at the semi-circular recesses or notches 27, and force the said metal diaphragm against the metal seat 30 formed by one side of the recess 21, under such pressure and uniform manner, as t'oprevent any] possibility of the steam leaking through the smooth contacting surfaces of the casing and diaphragm.

It will also'be readily understood that the' adjusted, and rigidly fixed or locked with respect thereto, by means of the screw plugs 28 or 28', and after the diaphragm is so locked to the casing section, its relation thereto cannot be disturbed, or lifted therefrom unless the screw plugs are removed, and each section 10 or 10 of the cylinder" casing with its attached diaphragms is dependent of the other, and can be moved as metal to metal joint formed by the large and a whole about without said diaphragm be coming detached or its adjusted position be ing altered.

It will also be seen that the screw plu-gs shown in Figs. 1, 4, 5 and 7 can be adjusted while the turbine is in operation, if so desired, in order to cure any leakage between the stages discovered after the engine has been started. I

By means ofthe independent-screw plugs being distributed around each of the diaphragms, it will be apparent that each small outer section of each diaphragm can receive an adjustment toward or away from its seat, independent of all the other sections of the same diaphragm or the other diaphragms, and hence any discovered leakage at a particular section can be cured Without being required to derange the other non-leaking sections of the same diaphragm or any other diaphragm.

lVhat I claim is 1. A multi-stage steam turbine compris ing a hollow cylindrical casing provided with a plurality of separated and independent annular recesses in the inner surface and in planes normal to the axis thereof, a diaphragm located in each of said recesses, screw plugs engaging the hollow cylindrical casing and arranged to impinge against the outer edge of one side or face of each of the diaphragnis and adapted to force the edge of the other and opposite side or face of the same diaphragm against the adjacent wall of the annular recess in which the diaphragm is located.

2. A multi-stage steam turbine comprising a hollow semi-cylindrical casing provided with a plurality of separated and independent semi-annular recesses in the inner surface and in planes normal to the axis thereof, a semicylindrical diaphragm located in each of said recesses, screw plugs engaging the hollow cylindrical casing and arranged to impinge against the outer edge of one side or face of each of the diaphragms and adapted to force the edge of the other and opposite side or face of the same diaphragm against the adjacent wall of the annular recess in which the diaphragm is located.

3. A multi-stage turbine comprising a hollow semi-cylindrical casing provided with a plurality of separated and independent semi-annular recesses in the inner surface and in planes normal to the axis thereof, a diaphragm located in each of said recesses having a series of notches in the outer edge of one of its faces, screw plugs engaging the hollow cylindrical casing and arranged to impinge against the outer edge of one side or face of each of the diaphragms at the separated notches and adapted to force the edge of the other and opposite side or face of the same diaphragm against the adjacent wall of the annular reeessdnwhich the diaphragm is located.

4. A niulti-stage steam turbine comprising a hollow cylindrical casing provided with a plurality of separated and independent annular recesses in the inner surface and in planes normal to the axis thereof, a diaphragm located in each' of said recesses, radial plugs disposed in the hollow cylindrical" casing in planes normal to the axis of'the cylinder and arranged to impinge against the outer edge of one side or face of each of the diaphragms and adapted to force the edge of the other and opposite side or face of the same diaphragm against the adjacent wall of the annular recess in which the diaphragm is located.

5. A multi-stage steam turbine comprising a. hollow cylindrical casing provided with a plurality of separated and independ ent annular recessesin the inner surface and in planes normal to the axisthe'reof," diaphragm located in each of said recesses, plugs engaging the hollow cylindrical casing and disposed normally in the surface of the casing and arranged to impinge against the outer edge of one side or face of each of the diaphraglns and adapted to force the edge of the other and opposite side or face of the same diaphragm against the adjacent wall of the annular recess in which the diaphragm is located.

6. A Inulti-stage steam turbine comprising a hollow semi-cylindrical casing provided with a plurality of separated and independent semi-annular recesses in the inner surface and in planes normal to the axis thereof, a diaphragm located in each of said recesses, means normal to the surface and engaging the hollow cylindrical casing and ar ranged to impinge and grip against the outer edge of one side or face of each of the diaphragms and adapted to force the edge of the other and opposite side or face of the same diaphragm against the adjacent wall of the annular recess in which the diaphragm is located.

7. A multi-stage steam turbine comprising a hollow cylindrical casing provided with a plurality of separated and independent annular recesses in the inner surface and in planes normal to the axis thereof, a diaphragm located in each of said recesses, a plurality of independent and separated screw plugs engaging the hollow cylindrical casing and arranged to impinge against different sections of the outer edge of one side or face of each of the diaphragms and adapted to force the corresponding edge of the other and opposite side or face of the same diaphragm againstthe adjacent wall of the annular recess in which the diaphragm is located.

8. A multi-stage steam turbine comprising a hollow cylindrical casing provided with an annular recess in the inner surface and in a plane normal to the axis thereof, a diaphragm located in said recess, separated and independent plugs engaging the hollow cylindrical casing and arranged to impinge against the outer edge of one side or face of the diaphragm and adapted to force the edge of the other and opposite side or face of said diaphragm against the adjacent wall or seat of the annular recess in which the diaphragm is located.

9. A multi-stage steam turbine comprising a hollow cylindrical casing provided with an annular recess in the inner surface and in a plane normal to the axis thereof, a diaphragm located in said recess, a series of independent screw plugs arranged nor mally to and engaging the hollow cylindrical casing and impinging against the outer edge of one side or face of the diaphragm and adapted to force the edge of the other and opposite side or face of said diaphragm against the adjacent wall or seat of the annular recess in which the diaphragm is located.

.10. A multi-stage steam turbine compris ing a hollow cylindrical casing provided with a plurality of separated and independent annular recesses in the inner surface and in planes normal to the axis thereof and a series of threaded sockets radially arranged and along one side of each of said recesses, a diaphragm located in each of said recesses, screw plugs engaging the threaded sockets in said hollow cylindrical casing and arranged to impinge against the outer edge of one side or face of each of the diaphragms at said sockets and adapted to force the edge of the other and opposite side or face of the same diaphragm against the adjacent Wall of the annular recess in which the diaphragm is located.

In testimony whereof I hereby afiix my signature.

JAMES L. MOORE.

Uopie: of this patent may be obtained (or five cents each, by addressing the "Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. 0.

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