US1242438A - Steam-generator. - Google Patents

Description

. H. c. amen 1 STEAM GENERATOR.

APPLICATION 'HLED MAR. 24. 1915- 1,242,438. Patented Oct. 9,1917.

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STEAM GENERATOR.

APPLlCATlON FILED mm. 24. m5.

Patented Oct 9. 1917.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HERMAN C. HEA'I'ON, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR I? THE BAIBCOCK 8n WI'LCOX COMPANY, OF BAYONNE, NEW JERSEY, A ;COBPOBAT N 0F NEW JERSEY.

STEAM-GENERATOR;

Patented Oct. 9,191.7.

Original application filed October 7, 1910, Serial R0. 585,750. Divided and this application. filed March 2 1. 1915. Serial No. 16,538.

5 Illino s, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in SteamGenerators, of which the following is a full, clear, conciao, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, formin a part of this specification.

is invention relates to a steam gener ator.

Tho-chief object of the invention is to provideiiln im roved superheater for steam generators. other object is to provide improved means for firing the steam generator. Other objects will become apparent from the following detailed description of a specific structure embodying my invention.

The resent application is divisional of my (Bo-pending a plication Serial No. 585,750, filed October th, 1910,Patent No. 1,137,137, dated April 27, 1915.

The superheater which is claimed in the present application comprises essentially a number of small-bore tubes extending between the water tubes of the boiler, substantially at right angles to the water tubes. These tubes are preferably connected in multiple between a pair of steam headers,

into which the tubes are fastened, but I con-- template also such a construction wherein some of these tubes are connected in series.

The superheater tubes are run crosswise of the Water tubes and are located at a point or points where they will be subjected to the $93 of combustion while still at a comparatively high temperature, but are placed at such a point that the gases of combustion will be sufliciently tempered to give a temperature such will not injure the tubes or joints.

Some of the advantages of this form "of superheator may be enumerated as follows:

(1) The tubes are. for the greater part of their length, straight. and in consequence can readily be kept clean.

. r) The superheater headers are out of the heat zone and consequently the 'oints between the tubes and headers are tter protected. A

(3) The tubes as disposed tend to equalize the flow of gases from front to back of the boiler. This is especially true when the superheater is employed-in the type of boiler described in the parent application. in which the general direction of the flow of gases is upward solely, and in which a single path the ases through the tubes is made.

14) he method of construction herein described is advantageous, as it obviates in part the mechanical strains to which the Drdina U-tube superheater is subjected, due to its method of support or suspension.

In the accompanying drawings which form a part of the present specification I have illustrated one embodiment in which my invention may appear.

Figure 1 is a side elevation of a steam generator embodying my invention. the furnace walls being in part broken away to reveal more clea ytthe interior constructlon;

Fig. 2 is a sectional View taken looking in the direction of the arrow-heads on the broken lines 2-2 of Fig. 1.

The boiler shown in the drawings coin prises the water and steam drums 1. 1. which may be of any desired number. and front and rear headers 2 and 3, respectively. connected by the water tubes 4.

The construction of the particular steam generator illustrated in the drawings is described in detail in the parent application above referred to. and a detailed description thereof will not be given in this connection.

The superheater which forms the chief point of novelty in the present application comprises a plurality of smalbbore tubes 5 passing between the water tubes at a distance above the lowermost water tubes 4, so that these supcrbeuter tubes are screened off to a certain extent from the intense heat of the fire in the furnace 6.

In the form of boiler which I have illustrated I employ bottles 7, 8, 9 and 10 running lengthwise of the tubes.

-' The super-heater tubes are connected to manifolds or headers 11 and 12, the manifold 12 being connected by steam-pipe 13 to the steam drums 1, and the manifold 11 being connected by a nozzle 14 to the steamdelivery pipe.

The superheater tubesare given a ninety degree bend before passing into the manifold 12. This relieves the tubes and joints of stresses which might be caused by unequal expansion among the several tubes. Obviously, the ninety degree bend may be made at any convenieiyrtI point.

I have show the tubes 5 extending through the side walls 16 and 17, and the headers 11 and 12 as being outside of the side walls, but it is to be noted that I also contemplate mounting the headers in the side walls themselves whenever the same may be found more advantageous.

It is further to be noted that I contemplate employing a steel frame mounted in the side walls, through which the tubes 5 may pass. and which serves to carry the weight of the superheater in part. and which will serve as a means for preserving intact the side walls when the superheater tubes are to be withdrawn or replaced.

Suitable means may be prov ded for flooding the superheater when starting, to we vent damaging the same by excessive heating prior to establishing a flow of steam therethrough. The superheater headers are pref erably supplied with capped openings such as are well known in the art, for allowing convenient cleaning, repairing and renewing of the tubes.

The location of the supcrheater tubes will be governed by the conditions of a particular installation, such, for instance, as the type of the furnace and the duty of furnace and boiler, as these factors will, to an extent, determine the exact position of the superheater tubes. If placed too low they will be subjected to the flue gases while at an unduly high temperature, and this would be likely to cause trouble when large quantities of steam were not passing through the superheater. On the other hand, the tubes must not be placed too high, because the flue gases, when they leave the lower steam-making tubes, are not likely to have a temperature sufiiciently high to ive the steam a superheat such as would e required.

It will also be noted that I have placed the superheater tubes just below an intermediate bathe-plate, and these two elements cofipernte to a decided advantage in distributing the heat of the gases of combustion uniformly between the tubes in any one tier and from end to end of the super-heater tubes.

The arrangement above described also provides for renewals and repairs, which can readily be made, due to the accessible positions of the joints.

A superheater is naturally subjected to severe treatment and it is of great advantage that the same be not placed in an inaccessible position, and also that the structure be not secured to the main shell of the boiler, or restrained from expansion, as the amount of expansion is markedly greater in the superheater tubes than in the water 30 tubes.

The stoker and grate mechanism which constitutes a part of the present invention is shown in Fig. 1. The automatic stoker 18 is of the under-feed type and supplies coal, or otherfuel, from the hopper 19 or other convenient source. to the chain-grate 20, which is periodically or constantly advanced in order to feed forward fresh fuel. The chain-grate 20 is supported on rollers 21, diagrammatically indicated in Fig. 1, which rollers are mounted on the track 22, so that the chain-grate may bewithdrawn.

A blower-fan 23 delivers air through the pipe 24 to provide a forced draft for the fire.

The products of combustion pass upward through the steam tubes 4, the superheater tubes 5, in contact with the economizer 25, and out through the stack 26.

It is to be understood that, while I have not described in detail all the features of the invention, it is obvious to those skilled in the art that the usual fittings are to be supplied and that the arrangements of parts may be varied to suit individual conditions, 105 these being such modifications as arecontemplated by my invention and as are contemplated in the definition thereof appearing in the appended claims.

hat I claim as new and. desire-to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is:

1. A water tube boiler having-a bank of horizontally extending water tubes, superheater tubes extending transversely between rows of water tubes, a superheater box at one side of the setting protected from the flame and gases, :1 superheater box at the opposite side of the setting also protected from the f ame and gases, the transverse superheater tubes being spaced apart to al- 1% low passage of the gases between the same, and connected into said boxes, the superheater tubes being formed with bends to compensate for expansion and contraction.

2. A water tube boiler having a bank of horizontally extending water tubes, superheater tubes extending transversely betweenrows of water tubes, a superheater box at one side of the setting protected from the Hnpcrhrzutm' hmws being arrn'ng cd to prqvid 10 flame and uses, a superhcnter lmx M; the for flooding: and (lruinmg thercnfl. I, opposite si e of the setting ulsu prutucted I In witness wlmrnuf, I lmrmmto' s'suhscrilz e from the flame and gases, the tl'ansvursv my name this 22nd day of Milrch, A 111915.

supcrheater tubes being 5 mood apart to al- I 1 low passage of thagnsgs )etwecn tlw same, and connected into sun] buxes, the sllper- \Vitnesscs: t heater tubvs being formed with bends topmn- R. J. S'ruAsm-m,

pensnte for expansion and contraction, the Juux H. Dncxxnz.

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