US1239556A - Lighting-fixture. - Google Patents

Description

G. M. BEARDSLEE.

LIGHTING FIXTURE.

APPLICATION HLED MAR. 20. 1916.

1 ,239,556 Patented Sept. 11, 1917.

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GEORGE M. BEARDSLEE, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR 1'0 BEARDSLEE CHANIDE- LIER MANUFACTURING COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF DELAWARE.

LIGHTING-FIXTURE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 11, 191?.

Applicationfiled March 20, 1916. Serial No. 85,268.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that ll, GEORGE M. BEARDSLEE, a citizen'of the United States, and resident of Chicago, in the county of Cookand State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in -LightingFixtures, of which the following is a description, reference being had to the accompanying drawing, which forms a part of my specification.

My invention relates to a lighting fixture more especially intended for commercial and industrial purposes, which, for example, may employ the. -500 watt lamp known as the new type C or nitrogen gasfilled lamp, and has for its object the pro-' ,vision of a unit more particularly adapted for semi-direct or indirect lighting, permitting the use of a lamp of the character mentioned, which, however, could-not otherwise be employed because of its excessive brilliancy; the invention providing fixture elements which may also be employed in connection with direct lighting units.

A further object'of the invention 'is the provision of a fixture or unit wherein the respective elements comprising the'fixture or unit are so constructed and arranged that when employed especially for semi-direct lighting, the unsightly shadows usually encountered with semi-direct lighting fixtures, as heretofore employed, will be entirely eliminated; at the same time providing a construction wherein the rays of light will' be so refracted and also reflected that a general' or uniform difiusion of light will be ob-. tained on all sides of the fixture.

The invention contemplates a lighting unit which will be substantially dust and insect proof, and yet at thesame time enableproper ventilation being obtained intermediate of the respective elements constituting.

the unit; the invention providing a lighting fixture or unit which may be easily assembled or dismantled, and one which is comparatively inexpensive in manufacture.

The advantages and objects of my invention will be more fully comprehended from the following detailed description of the accompanying drawing, wherein Figure 1 is a partial side elevation and partial central sectional view of my improved fixture.

Fig. 2 is a detail bottom plan view of the upper or metallic portions of the fixture, to-

wit of the holder and lamp-socket of the fixture; 1n other words, with the translucent members and the lamp of the unit removed.

Fig. 3 is a vertical sectional'view of the top member or husk and the reflector-holder with the socket and reflector-holding yoke or member shown in section and side elevation; the figure illustrating a modified form of the invention.

Fig. 4 is a partial sectional and perspectlve view of another modified form of holder or yoke for holding the lamp-socket, reflector and the translucent reflector or shadeholder.

In the particular exemplification of the invention, it is shown in Fig. 1 in the nature of a lighting unit known as a semi-direct fixture, comprising a top attaching cap 10, of suitable material; the cap 10, illustrated in Fig. 1, being of cast metal and provided 'with the screw-receiving portions or lugs 11 and 12. The cap 10, in the construction shown in Fig. 1, is provided with a tapped opening 13, which may receive any suitable means for securing or suspending the lighting fixture or unit in place; the fixture or unit being especially intended to be suspended from ceilings and the like by any suitable means, as, for example, loops or ring-plugs of the construction shown.

The cap 10 receives the socket-member or lamp-holder 14, to which the electric wires or conductors are secured; the socket 14 be ing of the usual non-conducting material, such as porcelain at the like. The lead wires are adapted to extend through the suitable screws 15 which take into the portion or lugs 11 in the upper part of the cap. The socket or holder 14 receives the lamp 16 in the usual manner.

Removably secured to the port ons or lugs 12 of top cap 10 is a reflector or g obe holder 17 the holder being secured to the lugs 12 of cap 10 by means of suitable screws 18'. The lugs 12, like lugs 11, are preferably disposed at diametrically opposite points so as to leave intervening spaces between the lugs, as is evident from the bottom plan view illustrated in Fig. 2, thus permitting a circulation of air through the upper portion or? the fixture; and in order to prevent the possibility of direct rays of light being visible or from passing out between the holder 17 and the lower part of cap 10, the latter is preferably skirted or flared, as shown at 19, so as to depend below the attaching lugs 18 and therefore extend below the upper end of holder 17. By flaring the lower end of cap 10, as shown at '19, an intervening space is provided for the passage of air.

The holder 17, in the construction shown in Fig. 1, like the cap 10, is made of cast metal and formed so as to provide the lower enlarged rim or flange portion 20 adapted to receive the upper outwardly curled or turned top of the main reflector 21.

The main reflector 21 is preferably made of translucent material adapted to reflect downwardly, the direct rays of light issuing from the lamp 16, as well as to diffuse the light above and to the sides of the fixture.

The main reflector 21 is removably held in the holder 17 by means of suitable set screws 22 of which any suitable number may be employed, disposed circumferentially about the flare of the holder 17, as illustrated in Fig. 2.

The main reflector 21 is preferably made flaring toward its bottom as shown, so as to extend a considerable distance beyond the sides of the globe 23.

The globe 23 is preferably formed of a single piece of glass with the lower portion made substantially semispherical or convex and preferably coated with a diffusing enamel finish so as to be translucent; while the upper portion of the shade is preferably of clear glass and substantially bellshape providing a reverse curvature immediately above the lower globe portion.

The coated translucent surface of the inner concaved sides, disposed toward the lighting element of the lamp 16, in addition to difi'using the light, also reflects the rays of light onto the main reflector 21.

The upper clear glass portion of globe 23 presents a convex surface toward and in close proximity to the lighting element of lamp 16, which produces an effect somewhat similar to that of a lens, whereby the rays of light are converged toward the upper part of the main reflector 21; the main reflector 21 being either of opal or opaque glass, or provided with a coated translucent surface, so as to both reflect and diffuse the rays of light.

The globe 23 is preferably removably held in place by means of the set-screws 24 which extend through the flange or rim portion 20 of the holder 17, as shown in Fig. 1, so as to be supported independently of main reflector member 21. Any suitable number of set-screws 24 may be employed; the set screws 22 and therefore arranged above the upper portion of main reflector 21". The screws 24 take into the circumferential groove surrounding the upper part of globe 23, and are preferably arranged in an alternate relation with the set screws 22, as shown in Fig. 2.

Surrounding the upper or stem portion .of the lamp 16, I provide an interior reflector 25,- preferably of sheet metal having dished sides so as to provide the concaved surface intermediate of the lower end and the upper attaching end; the interior reflector being somewhat in the nature of an inverted truncated cone. The interior reflector 25 is preferably so arranged that its upper end is substantially in the same plane as the top of main reflector 21, with the curvature of the sides of interior reflector 25 arranged to reflect the rays of light downwardly and outwardly in a. diverging manner; theinterior reflector 25 being-preferably provided with a coating of white enamel.

The upper circumferential edge of the in terior reflector 25 is shown curled or curved inwardly to provide the rim shown at 26 in Fig. 1, adapted to receive the free ends of the brackets 27, 27 which are secured by means of the screws 18 to the cap 10, namely the same screws which fasten the holder 17 to the cap 10.

The globe 23 is preferably provided with a ventilating opening 23 in the bottom thereof to permit air to pass upwardly therethrough. The lamp 16 is preferably so arranged as to bring its lighting element a slight distance beneath the juncture of the concaved clear glass portion and the convexed or rounded portion of globe 23 and therefor in the coated portion of the globe so that no direct or undiffused rays of light may pass to the outside of the fixture.

With the construction shown'in Fig. 1, it is apparent that a fixture or lighting unit is provided especially intended for semi-direct lighting whereby no direct rays of light can be discerned, as the translucent portion of the globe 23, namely the lower substantially semi-spherical portion of the globe, and the flare or depth of the main reflector, as well as the lighting element of lamp 16, are so correlated that the lighting element of the lamp will not be visible. The construction or formation of the respective members, as well as the method of securing them together, result in a fixture free from the objection found in the semi-direct light ing fixtures as heretofore constructed because of the unsightly shadows thrown on the ceiling and side walls, due to the construction and method of assembling, necessitating the employment, in such fixtures, of supporting rods or chains.

In Fig. 3 I show a modification of my invention wherein the cap 10, instead of besis . ing of east metal, consists either of stamped orspun sheet metal; the cap being skirted or flared at the bottom, as shown at 19*, illustrating in this respect another form; the cap being bell-shape and thus providing an air-space intermediate of the reflector holding portions of the fixture and the cap.

inwardly as shown at 28, so as to retain or hold the comparatively-thick band or ring .29 of suitable material, which is provided with suitable tapped holes for the set- screws 22 and 24, whereby the main reflector 21 and the globe 23 are secured in place.-

The upper end of holder 17 is provided with the inwardly presented and horizontally disposed circumferential flange 29 about the central opening in the holder 17". This flange, at diametrically opposite points, is provided with'sockets 30 of a width less than the width of the major portion of the strap or yoke 31. At points coincident with the sockets 30, the strap or yoke 31, is cut away-or notched on both edges of each leg of the yoke or strap 31,'which permits the strap or yoke 31 to enter the sockets in the flange 29 in the manner shown at 35 in Fig. 4. v

The strap or yoke 31 is preferably made of spring metal so that the side portions or legs of the yoke may be compressed and allowed to spring into the sockets .30; the yoke or strap, in so far as the construction just described is concerned, being identical with the strap or yoke 31 shown in Fig. 4. The distance between the upper portions of the legs of the strap or yoke is such as to permit the socket or lamp-holder 14 to be laced within the yoke so as to fit more or ess firmlyin place, and thus prevent impropercontraction of the side portions of the strap or yoke while the socket 14 is in place, so that the yoke or strap will be main-- tained in holding relation with reflector or globe holder 17.

The upper central portion of the oke 31 is made sufliciently heavy or burre at the point 32 so as to permit'the same to be tapped to receive the threaded end of the plug-portion of the attaching or suspendili loop-member 33, which, inturn, is adapt to receive the usual supporting chains or other suitable means. The plug or stemortion of the attaching loop-member 33 s, of course, provided with an opening extending centrally therethrough for the pas-' sage of the electric wires which are secured to the respective contact points or terminals in the socket 14.

The yoke or strap- 31, on its sides slightly beneath the'top thereof, is shown stamped out so as to permit these portions to be bent .yoke 31 shown in Fig.

or globe holder 1 inwardly to provide the lugs 34, 34. The lugs 34, 34 are provided with threaded openings to receive the screws 15*, 15 whereby the socket 14 is secured in place.

The yoke 31, in Fig. 3, is shown partially in section and partially in side elevation; and the lower ends of the yoke or strap 31 are bent outwardly to engage with the curled -or inturned upper edge 26 of the interior reflector 25; reflector 25 being in the nature of a band or shell so as to permit the neck-portion or stem of the lamp 16 to pass therethrough and be screwed into the socket 14. The interior reflector 25 is secured in place by springing the ends of the yoke or strap 31 to ether, in order to permit the lower bent en s to spring or snap beneath the inturned or upper edge 26, as will be readily understood.

By providing the yoke or strap 31 with the threaded opening at the top to receive the threaded stem or plug of the suspending member 33, it is evident that the cap 10 will be firmly held in lace when. the loopmember 33 is screwed into the yoke, as shown in Fig. 3; the yoke 31, in this construction, bemg made to carry the entire fixture or unit.

It will be understood, of course, that the fixture illustrated in Fig. 3 contemplates the employment of a main reflector 21 and globe 23, constructed and arranged to provide the shadowless lighting effect obtained with the construction disclosed in Fig. 1.

In Fig. 4, I illustrate another modified form of strap or yoke 31; the general construction of the yoke being similar to the 3, except that the yoke 31 is not stampe outso as to provide the lugs 34. The yoke 31 is'provided with the slots or notched portions, as indicated at 35= similar to yoke 31 so. as to permit the yoke to be s rung or forced into the grooves formed in t e to flange 29 of the reflector i, as previously described. As is clearly evident from the construction shown in Fig. 4, where a portion of the holder 17 is broken away, so as to more clearly illustrate the relation between it and the yoke 31, displacement of the holder 17 is impossible with the yoke or strap 31 in its normal expanded condition. The top of the yoke is provided with a threaded opening, like the yoke shown in Fig. 3, .to receive a suitable attaching element, like the loopmember 33 shown inFig. 3. The lampholder'or socket in this construction, is to be secured to the cross-member 36 by means of the usual screws which take into the tapped holes 37 in the cross-member 36 on opposite sides of the central opening 38 through which the lead lines or electric the construction shown in Fig. 3, contemplates the employment of a cap like the cap 10 in Fig. 3, held in place by the strap or yoke 31 and the suspending or attaching means adapted to screw into the tapped opening at 32; and the reflector or, globe holder l7 'is also intended to support both the main I eflector 21 and fthe' globe 23 as in the previoiisly described constructions.

My inventlon, as herein shown and de scribed, provides a lighting fixture or unit whereby the rays of light are diffused and reflected in the most advantageous manner without producing objectionable shadows because of. the formation and method-of securing the elements or parts together; while at the same time the lamp or l ghting element is inclosed in a dust-proof globe which permits of ample ventilation there" through and throu hout the attaching portions or members 0 the'fixture. In myimproved constructions, the lamp, reflectors and globe are all supported, directly or' indirectly, by a single member of the fixture, towit either by the top cap, or by the strap or yo e; the lamp-receivin socket orholder being secured wlthin the xture; while the light-receiving surfaces of the various members of'the fixture are so formed and correlated that all direct r'ays of light will either be refleetedor dilfused and the lighting element madeinvisible.

I have shown and described what I believe to bethe simplest and best forms of my invention, butthe same may vbe altered in certain details without, however, depart ing from the spirit of my invention.

' What I claim is:- 1. In a fixture of the class described, a yoke of resilient metal provided with an opening in the top adapted to receivea suspending member,while the depending sides at intermediate points are adapted to support a refleetorolding member when the yoke is in ex anded condition, said yoke being provide with m ans transversely disposed in the upper part thereof intermediate of thesides for the attachment of an electric lam socket, while the lower'ends of the yoke-si' es terminate in outwardly presented reflector-engaging portions. 1 2. In a fixture of the Iclass described, a y k form s to P o d tw d en n 'fiector holding' member of a' lig li legs, the legs being formed to support a globe and reflector holding'member while, thelow'er ends of the'legs' areadaptedf to support a supplemental reflector, the upper portion of said yoke being provided with means for securingan electr c lamp-socket orj holder'between the legs of the yoke and arranged to permit thepassageof the electric wires therethrough. Y L

I a fixture of'the class'described, a yoke of resilientmaterial bent so as to provid tw d p 'i 'g l e l t po me me a s t i s. b in r ng d tosup'p'ort a "globe' and"reflector holding member, while the lower ends of the legs are formed to support a supplementalrefleetor, said yoke being adapted toreceiv'e an electric larnp socket between the legs and formed to provide attaching points therefor, while the top or bowed portion of said yoke istapped toreceive a supporting element.

4.111 a fixture of the class described,*the combinat on of a gleb ld' a d an inner fl tbf; i h a up h ldi g me of" resilient material adapted to support'b'oth the globe holder and said reflector," said h ld n me b being P o ed W t Mi peni g is p o th passage we tri e wires and the me ns whei'eby "the fixture i 1 .5 end d n p ce-th e r b n al provi: ed with" transversely disposed means between its side and adj ac qr the top there of'adapted to receive an electric lamp holder between the depending sides whereby" the sides of said holding member are held disended n in supp t a th aid globe-'holder'andsaid'inner reflectors] 5'. 'In'a fixture of theclass' described, the combination of a socket and areflec t ippei'ti membe em d "o a t p 105 of re e t mea b t b fie'r ti lly nw uhep d Pibvid wi h i P i t to'p to receive the fixture-suspending means an el c ri wi e l a n e e th ep ndinglegs of isei m mber beifigp 110 vided with supporting surfaces at points intermediate "of'theends' of the legs" and'atv the lewer ends thereof, with a. globe and reflst l hfbldi m fi fi Pf 1 with gagingslirfaes oerrelated to the surfaces on the intermediate 'portionsof' the legs of said fir fifi "Qfld fliPP I-"fih'g ie m n a li r emntal r file tb 'p'r vid wi n' s ring" urfacesad pte Q brew by the I supporting at the ends of the legs of said first mentioned sup ertin member. 6;In.combinatiodwitht e lo e and re- 'ting fixture,

an inverted Ll-shtipe' resilient member adapted to passthroiigh' said globeaiid reflectore in membe we xpa d i balding nga'gemefit h ei i ai re il ent memher be n rre i mp-sa e" ar f g m an ad a en theme have- Pi p?! her 1 7. In a lighting fixture of theclass described, the combination of a globe and reflector-holding member open at top and bottom' and provided with an inwardly disposedflange about the open top, with an inverted U-shape resilient member adapted to pass through the open top of said holding member and form holding engagement with the flange of said holding member when the resilient member is in expanded condition, the upper bowed portion of said resilient member being provided with a tapped opening to receive a suspending element and to permit passage of electric wires therethrough, said resilient member being pro- I vided with means intermediate of its side lint portions for'the attachment of an electric lamp-holdin socket.

8. In com ination with a globe-holding member of a lighting fixture, an inverted U- shape resilient member adapted to pass through said globe-holding member and expanded into holding engagement therewith, said resilient member being provided with lamp-socket attaching means adjustably mounted between the side portions or legs adjacent the upperbowed portion of said resilient member.

GEORGE M. BEARDSLEE.

Witnesses:

F. LEE FARMER BENJAMIN P. GEORGE.

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