US1238034A - Incinerator. - Google Patents

Description

W. IWCCANSE.

INCINERATOR.

APPLICATION FILED 001123, 1916.

Patented Aug. 21, 1917.

6 SHEETS-SHEET I.

IMMJKQ W. MCCANSE.

INCINERATOR.

APPLICATION FILED 0m23.191s.

Patented Aug. 21, 1917.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

Willam M'Cwn/se' W. MCCANSE.

INCINERATOR.

APPLICATION FILED ocT.23. 1916.

1338,03@ Patented-Aug. 21,1917.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

Suva/Mo@ W. McCANSE.

INCINiRATOR. APPLICATION man ocr. 23.41916.

Patented Aug. 21, 1917.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

Patented Aug. 21,1917. v

, 6 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

II w I m m I@ I I I .f/.VIIJ W www@ W. MCCANSE.

lNClNERATOR.

APPLICATION HLED ocT.23. 1916.

Patented Aug. 21, 1917.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 6.

yWILLIAM incense, or DURANT, OKLAHOMA.

INCINERATOR.

To @ZZ fr/'tom 'it 'may concern." y

` i non a Inti M a Be tl i w th tI, W A MCGANsn,

citizen ofthe United States, residingat Durant, in the `"ccunty of Bryan and State of Oklahoma, have invented certain new and useful AIm'provements in Incinerators, of which the following is a specification.` j

`This invention relates to injcinerators,V or

"apparatus forburningfrefuse, garbage, etc.,

and has for one object the prcvision of .ay comp'actlyarranged structurein which the refuseinay 'be deposited and will be rapidly and thoroughly consumed. f Another object` of the invention is to' vprovide novel means `for 'supplying air under "forced draft tothe incinerating "chamber rand also to heat the said air before it enters the `incinerating chamber. 'Ag still further object of the in- `vention` is to `provide a structurey in which lire will be aj1` plieddirectlyfonv tothe anat ter to beconsumed and also below thesame,

` j yet another object of the invention being to j provide` means "whereby obnoxious and harmfulodors will' be reliminated before thel smoke passes inte the chimney.

Theinventionalso has foritsk object the provision of `an apparat'u'sfor the stated b purposes which may be yeasilyrepaired and from which the ashes ymay be easily rel* aan rino drawin `-sl in which:

moved. Other incidental objects jwill ap? pear as the description of the inventien proceeds. i .n The invention" is illustrated in `'the accom- Figure l is a front elevation of an apparatus embodying my l improvements; j V j Fig. 2 is a side`elevation`of`the same;` l Figik 3 is a vertical 'longitudinal section; Fig.` l isajtransverse secticn'on thew'line Fig. 5 isaplanview ofthe decir floorg;v

Figi 6 1s `alfhorizontal sectionon thejline e-e of rig. f

. "Incarryingyoutmy'inventiomprovide a j rig. '7 is a norizeataifeaoa (indenne.

fr-7 of Fig. ay

Fig. 8 is a detail transverse Vsection taken Fig. 9' is adetail transverse foundation l of concrete/andfitvisto be unek derstood` that" the dimensions l'ci y`the same `Specication of Letters Patent.

section onthe j i Patented new. ai., ieri.

i Appiginn flied cameras, 191e. serial No. iavgia.

will be determined by vthe size of the plant to be erected. `U`pon this foundation 1,1 erect a shell Q which will preferably be circular infplan view and which will be con# structed of metal reinforced by angle iron 3 at such places asT may seem' desirable in anyy particularinstance. 'Above the shell 2 is a deck orV iioor 4' of reinforced concrete supiy ported upon'iand spaced from the shell by beams v5, as' will be readily understood, the

beams being so disposed as to furnish a `firm support for the entire concrete deck` or jlioor and at the` same time provide `an air space through which atmospheric air may circulate freely.` Tliis'deck or floor e will be of suchdimen'sions as will permit loaded've hicles to drive overthe saine and dump their contents directly into the incinerating chamber; it being-understood that the "entire furnace maybe located below thegrade of the street or road, or inclined waysinayy be provided leading from the street or road j tothedumpingloor ordeck 4. At the sides of theduinping-decl: orfloor,"I provide `rail-' ings 6 which will serve as guards to pre-l vent the teams or operators falling over the sides of the decl; and being thereby injured".` said railings A'loeingsliow-n only in Fig. l as they are nota partjof my present invention".

The "incinerator `is constructed with an arched roof 7 over'the incinerating lor cre- 1 mating chamber land between the said roof and the metallic `shell 2 is placedv a filler consisting of a base or bottom portion 8 4of asbestos and la top portion A9` of 'cindersj a concrete binderl 10 being arranged between theasbestos and the cinders and extending from the roof tothe shell 2. rlhe metallic shell?. fits around the body of the furnace without being secured thereto sok that the eX- pansion 'and contraction of the diiierent 'j parts will befl accommodated land ruptine lof the structure "from unequal evpansiony and'fcontraction of adjoining connected f parts will be avoided. Inthe'apex f 'the arched roof 7 is an cpening through ,which the material to bel treated up'standing rim 12 extending into the frame ofthe dumping deck or floor. 4 andjit may j is dumped, the said opening being" defined by a ringen hopper 1l of fire brick havingan annular ico ` be'notied `at this 'pointi that all parts of the t' over the entire upper surface of thersaid..

A coveriseats upon the upperedgel of the rim 12 so as to close the feed opening and this cover consists of a fire v4 brick body-13 held together by a metallic cap 14 extending body and having an annular depending rirn or fiange which engagesv and fits `closely around the edge of the said fire brick body 13. This cover is connected bolts 15' with an outer metallic cap 16 provided with an eye 17 whichmay be engaged by a hook 18 ony a chain 19 runningovei' pulleys 20 and21 carried by a crane 22' erected on thel dumping deck or floor in such position thatv the hook maybe easily brought into `engagement with v,the eye 17`Land the chain then ina- Iiipulated so as to lift the cover;l In most cases the cover will be very heavy so that it will tend to' seat properly by the force of gravity and also so that it willv be enabled 'towithstandthe intense heat to vwhich the structurefis subjectedwhen in use. By

` setting up the crane upon the dumping deck oriioo'r'thelfting of thecover may be accomplished very l readily without `p-lacing f upon the operatorl excessive manuall strain. In operatio'n'the rloaded wagons are driven` onto the deck and halted at such position asv tofbring their dumping ends into position adjacent, the hopper or Vfeed (opening after which @the coveris praised. v The wagongis` then dumped, the coverreplaced and the wagon ymay be drawn off .to t gather another load. For convenience, the crane andy .its attachmentsfare shownonly in Fig. 1 as they may bev4 ofvany wellknown construction and yform no part of` this invention. The furnace ,or incinerator is constructed with va base or lower floor y23vwhich may rest directly upon the foundation 1, the saidfloor and the foundation being yso-shapedvas yto vprovide an ash pit 24 resting directly upon v the foundation 1 and a duct or passage-way 25 in reary of and separated from said ash pit extending under the furnace and com-.k

municatingyas will `be presently setvvforth, lwith the chimney. A mainiioor 26 is also "provided above the floor 23 yand is yspaced therefromand supported from the walls of the furnace and also by a baiiie wall 27kex`- tending between the two floors at a point preferablynear the center ofthe 1nain,body

yof the furnace.l yThe baiiie wall 27 extends verticallyacross la duct or: passage leading rearwardly from the fire box 28 arranged above theash'pit24, and thefloor of this duct or passage' is depressed atlabout, the

centerlof the furnace,as shown at` 29.'y This Aduct orppassagefway, .receives `liquid matter fedinto the lincinerating chamber and retains the same in position l to bev -exjA i I. will, therefore,.hereafter refer to this duct or'passageas an'evaporating pit.v The upper Hoor 26 is constructed with a depressed por-tion.30a providing-han ash pit 31, and a fire box 32 is provided above said ash pit, ther-grate bars 33 of both re boxes being supported by the front wall of the structure andwthe'upper edges of the inner or rear Iends of the, depressed portions of the respec- 'tivefloorsi yOpenings 34 are provided through the upper floor 26 at various points to facilitate the escape of liquid matter into the 'evaporating pit and at thecen'ter .of said floor is alarge opening 35 which is covered by a dome-shaped grate 36v through which the liquid matter rating pit and heat and flame from the pit may arise to the incineratingV chamber, it being'noted that the baiiie wall 27 is so disposed thatfits front surface merges into the under 'surface of thek said dome-shaped grate.' In rear .of the baie wall aline'd with the re-box128 is, a duct or passage-way 37 leading into a vertical flue 38 whichis in communication with the chini ney. In the side walls ofthemain body of the structure are vertical escapel fiues 39 opening at their upper ends into the in cate with the evaporating pit in front of theybaiiie wall and also. have branchpassages 42fleading into the passage 37 through openings or spaces 43. The passages 41, 42 and 37 vform direct .extensions of and outlets for the chamber which is in front of the baflie wall as willbe readily noted and the evaporating pit may therefore be said to extend aroundthe baffle wall. Anopening or flue v44 leadsl through the rear wall of the incinerating 'chamber' above the floor 26 and opens directly into the fluey 38, as` clearly shown.` A damper 45 of fire clay or other refractory material, slidably mounted `in vertical ways 46 formed in thevwall `of the furnace 'and this damper may extend across the fluef44'or`across the iiue 37 as may be desired. To guard against collapse ofl the damper in the event of its cracking, I secure around the edge of the same ametallic ring 47. AA cable 48 leads upwardly from the said Idamper and is extendedforwardly over the filling 9 and .below the ydeck 4 andthen depends in front of the furnace to carry a 4 counterweight 49y sov that the damper may may escape to the evapo 2 7 and z verticalrearue38 and, consequently, Vescape directlyl from: the upper `incinerating chamber, but ifthe damper be raisedathe circulation will `be indirect and will be de'- flected through the openings 40 into a the flues or passagesf39, and 42 to the passage 37 `which is in communication withthe lowerend of the Hue 38.

(The `flue 38 receives the gases generated inl the operation of the 'apparatus and said gases will rise to the yupper end of said iiue f and will be thoroughly commingled and coni sumed for which reasonthis flue 38 will be hereafter referred toas the mixing and settling chamber. The frontof the said chamber is defined by the rear wall of the furnacev at its lower end and by a wall 5() erected outside the shell 2 in its upper portion, the

sides of the chamber being `defined by side,y

walls 51 and the rear of the chamber being dened by a baffle `wall52 which terminates short of the roof 53 of the chamber. An

. open spaceyis thus provided above the baiile .v t i n `between the shell 2 and the deck 4, being then carried down in front of the furnacey wall 52l through which the gases and products of combustion may enter a preheating chamber 54, the rear wall y55.015 they said chamber being connected with the outlet flue 56 leading to the chimney (not shown) A damper 57 is provided within` therflue 56 and this damper is carried by a cable 58 which extends up to and throughthe` space to support a counter-weight 59 whereby the `damper may be easily opened for closedand be held in the position in which it is set.

`Itwillalso be readily noted that the posirectangular body portion 60 which is in contact with the `front and rear walls of the chamber, but is spacedfrom the sides of the same.

merges into an upper portion which extends yto the side walls of the` chamber7 the flared portion 61 providing open spaces 63 yat the corners of the chamber through which the gases may flow. yThe iiared portionkof kthe preheater is also upwardlyk tapered and merges into the upper portion or narrow flue 65 which `has its ends against theside walls of the chamber 54 but has its front and rear walls spaced from the rear of the said chamber and from the bafiie wall 52. The upper end of the flue 65 enters a header or air box 66 which is arranged over the chamber 38 and the preheating chamber '54,

Above thesaid rectangular portion 60 is a laterally flared portion 6l whichv as shown. The chamber 38 is provided with a `clean-out door 67 adjacent its bottom and clean-out doors 68 are provided at the bottom of the preheating chamber 54. Upon the `side of the header or air box 66 is mounted a fan'or blower 69 which is in communication with the interior of the header at one side and at another point is in communication with a conduit 7 0 leading `over the furnace and delivering into a header 7l at the front of the furnace over the fire, boxes. The fan or blower 69 may'` be driven by any convenient means and is illustrated in the present drawings as connected by a belt 72 with an electric motor 73, the motor forming no part of the present invention and being shown in a conventional manner. From the front header 7l a plurality of iiues or conduits extend downwardly, as shown most clearly in Figs. l and 2, the `flow through these conduits or flues being regulated by valves or dampers 74 of any convenient or preferred construction. The front flues 75 and 76 extend downwardly at the sides of the iire boxes and vopen respectively into the ash pits 3l and 24, as shown. The rear flues or conduits 77 and78 are turned reary wardly at their lower ends and enterkthe evaporating pit and incinerating chamber respectively. The initial supply of air is drawn through a conduit 79 extending through the `fillinoa 9 and leading from the open air space be ow the deck or dumping floorl4 into alspace or chamber 8O which is provided over the top of the fire box and under the header 71. From the said upper space or chamber 8() similar spaces or chamy bers 81 extend downwardly along the sides of the fire boxes and between the same and the fines 75, 76, 77 and 78. Thelower ends of these side chambers 8l discharge directly into air passages 82 which extend rearichargeinto the duct or passage 25, as shown at 83.

Clean-out doors 84 are provided at the lower ends of the vertical passages 39 and stoking doors 85 are provided at various points around the incinerating chamber. Adjacent the clean-out doors 84, pits ,86 are constructed in the ground and these pits are normally covered by doors 87. v They are of proper dimensions to accommodate the ash bucket 87 which is suspended from a i trolley 88 mounted upon a track 89 extending around the structure so that the ash bucket may be readily brought into position adjacent any clean-out doorV toreceive the ashes which may be readily withdrawn from the incineratino` chamber or from the ash pits below the fireboxes. The track 89 may be carried to any point of discharge so that thek ashes and cinders may be lveryreadily a wardly through the foundation and dis-` removed and disposed of. The track and l trolley maybeof any well-known construef tion and are shown only in ay conventional manner. Y -f The fire boxes and ash pitsare, of course,l

provided with the usual doors to permit the insertion of fuel and removal of the ashes, but the natureof the fuel is immaterial and oil yor gas may be utilized by `equipping the furnace with the proper burners.

In the operation of my improved apparay tus, air is drawn through the supply conduit 79 and Hows-therefrom through the upper chamber 80 and side chambers 8l to the duct 25; From the said duct the air rises throughv the preheater to the header 66 whence it is drawn by the fan 69'and forced through the conduit 70y into the header'71 from which it passes under pressure throughthe several flues-75, 76, 77 and 78. It being understood that a lire is kindled in the fire box 28 or 32, the air delivered into the ash pit below the said lire box will rise through the lire and quickly bring the same to the desired degree of combustion so that the temperature Within the apparatus will be vrapidly raised. The hot* air from the lire passes through the,` evaporating pit or the incinerating chamv.flow rearwardly below the tapered portion 61l of the preheater and at the sides of the lower extremity 60 of the same and then rise through spaces 63 at the rear of the 'same to escape through the flue 56 to vthey chimney,

Vit being noted that the preheater acts as a baille for the products flowing from chamber 38. This tortuous circulation of theser gases' will obviously retard their escape and permit the solids'therein to settle to the bottom of the mixing and preheating chambers so that when they finally reach the chimney they will be devoid of obnoxiousV odors and of injurious particles* lt'willfbe obvious that as these gases'escapefromthe inciner-y atingchamber 'and the evaporating pit they willfbe highly heated and will impart'heat to the walls of the flue 65 so that the air rising through the preheater and said flue willbe heatedand, consequently, the air def livered 'to theffurnaces and 'to' they incineratingv chamber and the evaporating pit from the front-header will be sufficiently heated to prevent cooling of the fire boxes, the evaporating 'pit or the l'incinerating f chamber.- The desired temperature therefore in the The front and rear walls of `the `flue 65K4 rising throughy they preheating chamber and. the'shells defining the'air spaces 80` and 8l will bev secured in position byv rivets lorl bolts 90. A

When the'imaterial to be burned is wet or A contains `a large percentage of liquidmatter,a fire should be established before charging` the incinerating chamber so as to bring the temperature of said chamber up to the working degree, but when the refuse is dry or comparatively free of liquidy matter the heat'from preceding burnings will suffice to start the operation. By providing two'lires, one playing directly on the refuse or the upper portion of the same andl theother working below the refuse, the highest possible consumingy capacity is attained and the refuse or other matter is very quickly reduced 'and destroyed. If the fire clay'damper 45 be `raised so that the heated currents cannot escape directly from the incinerating chamber, said currents will be forced to passinto the flues 39,41, and 42 and thence through the flue 37 into the chamber 38. This travel of these currents will expose them to the direct action of the lower fire so that the combustible particles will be furtherv burned before passing to the settling and mixing chamber.v To escape from said chamber the gases are obliged to rise to the top of the same and will, consequently, be commingled Iand' burned and all dust will settle to the bottom of the settling and preheating'chambers so that the smoke'escaping'from the chimney will be free-of odors. The stoking doors 85 may be utilized for the removal of ashes from ythe in'cineratin'g chamber and ythe evaporating ypit is readily accessible at` all times for the same purpose. -The form of theseveral chambers is such that little stoking will bel required and the kremoval ofashes can beaccomplished while the plantV is in operation.

Repairs'may be very easily made. If it be necessary vto renew the arch over the incinerating chamber the deck over the same may be raisedby the use of jacks and the liller then removed, thereby providing access to the arch. The old arch maythen be broken up and removed and the new arch built after which the filler is replaced yand v the deck lowered into its normal position. The rivets or bolts connecting the jacket around lthe lire and ash boxes are arranged withy the nuts'onfthe outer sides of the jacket so that they may be readily removed when repairs are needed inthis part of the apparatus. The dome-shaped grate 36 at the maar ofthe, iaeineraangthtmbf aaai-ver fy the atimoslliere,` chambers leading fdowni "theevaporating pit may be replaced atA any permit.

time kwhen the temperature `islow enough'to I-Iavingfthus described the inventiomwhat claimed asnew is: Y l

1.*,In an apparatus) forfthejpurposelset ,forth, the combination .y fof/an incin'erating f'chamber havingacentral `opening in its floor, an escape flue leading 'fromthe 'rear 'of said chamber," 'an evaporating l pit disposed below the `incineratingchaiiben an "escape flue leading from thef evaporating pit, a

dome-,shaped grateidisp'osed over the opening'in'theloor of the incinerating chamber,

a baiiie wallfin the evaporatihgpit having its front "surface mergingfinto the `under surface of the grate,A means "for establish- "ing communication between the incinerating chamberaiid'the 'evaporatingpit at the sides 'of the saniefand sup'erposedilreboxes at f end of said duct and communicating therewith, ah'eaderiinto whichthe'upper endof the front of and in communication with the incinerating chamber and the" evaporating pit respectively.

2. In an `apparatus for the ypurpose set ,o

forth, the combination of"`an` incinerating chamber, an evaporating pit disposed 'below said chamber, superposed escape flues leading from the chamber and the pit respectively, laterally disposed flues establishing communication between the pit and the chamber, means for supplying heat to the chamber and to the pit, and a single means common to both escape iiues whereby as one escape flue is closed 'the other flue will be opened to control the circulation through the chamber and the pit.

3. In an apparatus for the purpose set forth, the combination of an incinerating chamber, an evaporating pit below the incinerating chamber, means for establishing `communication between the chamber and the pit through the floor of the chamber, escape lues leading respectively from the incinerating chamber and the evaporating pit, a baiile wall extending vertically between the floors of the incinerating chamber and the evaporating pit, flues at the sides of the incinerating chamber and the evaporating pit having lateral branches opening respectively into the incinerating chamber and the evaporating pit in advance of and at the sides of the baffle wall and also establishing communication with the escape flue leading from the evaporating pit in rear of said baiiie wall, means for supplying heat to the incinerating chamber and the evaporating pit, and a single means common to both escape ues for closing either escape flue and thereby opening the other escape Hue.

4L. In an apparatus for the purpose set forth, the combination of `a compartment in which refuse may be treated, a lire box opening into said compartment, an air chamber over said lire box, an intake conduit leading into the sidesof theiire`box,"afduct under the @said jcompartm'ent leading 'rearwardly from "thejre box and in 'communication with 'the air `ch'aml'iers at thesides ofthe same, means "for 'heating Athe yair escaping yfrom ysaid duct, Y and "means for 'delivering the heatedy air linto the fire box and the said compartment.

k 5. In an apparatusffor thegpurposeset which refuse'maybe treated, -a fireibox charges,"air Achambers at `the sides 'of the hre y box 'leadingdownwardlyf 'from lthe r'stmentioned'chamber, ajduct leading rear- `wardly` from' thesaid airchambers at the` sidesyof therebomfa p'reheater at the rear 'said' preheate'r opens, secondA header disposed above the firebox and the iirst-mentioned air chamber, flues' leading 'from the 'said second header to the fire box and the compartment respectively, and means for drawing the air from the first-mentioned header and forcing it into the second header.

6. In an apparatus for the purpose set forth, the combination of a compartment in which refuse may be treated, a iire box opening into said compartment, an air intake passage leading over the lire box and down at the sides of the same and then rearwardly under the said compartment, a settling and mixing chamber in rear of the compartment and in communication therewith to.

receive escaping heated gases therefrom, a preheating chamber in communication with said settling and mixing chamber, a preheater disposed in said chamber and having its lower end in vcommunication with the air passage under the said compartment, said preheater being expanded laterally above its lower end to bear against the side walls of the preheating chamber and contracted from front to rear to form a baille spaced from the front and rear walls of the same, and means for drawing air from said pre- "forth,'the combination"offa-'compartment'in heater and delivering the same under pressure to the fire box and the compartment in which refuse is treated.

7. An apparatus for the purpose set forth comprisinga circular incinerating chamber having an arched roof and having a central opening in its floor, a circular arched grate resting upon the floor at the edge of said opening and extending over the same, an evaporating pit below the incinerating chamber, superposed re boxes opening into the front of the incinerating chamber and the evaporating pit respectively, superposed escape flues leading from the rear of the 1ncinerating chamber land evaporating pit respectively, hay settling and mixing chamber lin communication with both the escape iues,

la preheater chamber incommunication with the settling and mixing chamber, a preheater in the preheater chamber constituting abaiile for the products flowing therefrom, an airl inlet duct opening into the lower end of said preheater, and means for positively drawing air' from the upper end freni the front of said baliie wall, an escape iue in'rearfof'said baliie wall in communication with said 4.lateral passages,y an incinerating chamber above the evaporating pit and the said passages and escape iue, yan

escape flue leadin 'from the incinerating chamber, lines leading down the sides of the incinerating chamber tothe said lateral pasl Copies of this patent may 'be obtained for sages, and superposed fire boxes opening into the incinerating chamber and evaporating pit respectively l l v9. An apparatus for the purpose set forth comprising kan evaporating pit, an incinerating chamber above said pit, re boxesat the front of. and opening into the incinerating chamber and evaporating pit, a preheater exposed to the heated products flowing from the evaporating pit and incinerating chamber, an air -chamber over the fire boxes in communication with the atmosphere,` air chambers at the sides of the fire boxes'in communication y with the, rst-mentioned air chamber, a duct connecting said chambers with the lower end of the preheater, a header' over the first-mentioned air chamber, means lfor delivering air from the preheater to the saidy header, and means for delivering the air from the header to theffire boxesand to the incinerating chamber and the evaporat` ing pit. y A v a In testimony whereof I alix my signature.

WILLIAM MGCANSE." [L. s]

ve cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, D. C.

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