US1237007A - Centrifugal pump. - Google Patents

Description

A. WILSTAM.

CENTRIFUGAI. PUMP.

APPLICATION man wus I. 191e.

1,237,007, atentef Aug. M, 191?.

ynot embody the above working principle;

UNITED sTATEs PA ENT OFFICE.

ALFRED WILSTAIVL'AOF SOUTH PASADENA, CALIFORNIA.

CENTRIEUGAL PUMP.

Zfo all whom t may concern.'

Be it known that I, Ani-mio WiiisTAM, a

citizen of the United States, residingr at the city of South Pasadena, in the county oi -Los Angeles and State of California, have invented a new and Improved Centrifugal liinip, of which the'vfollowing is a specification. A

My invention relates to a class (if-centrifugal pumps in which the centrifugal force,

set up in the mass of waler with-in its iinl peller is utilized t0 form the necessary pressure, said'impeller having its exit openings, comparatively speaking, made small, heiilig soproportioned that the exit 'velocity of the water from said impellcr corresponds to what is generally known as the spouting velocity of water due to its pressure or pressure head.

The centrifugal pumps in present use do the exit areas of the iinpeller's are iliade large, thereby preventing the centrifugal. action from settin up any pressure therein, but, acting through the vanes, said impellers throw the water outwardly and. keep it there by constantly beating it with the ends of said varies, whiclilaction,leaves roomV for eddy currents and ahigh water friction, which limit the head and make cfliciency low. A.s is well known, the' action within these impellers is kinetic, no static pressure is reacheduntil after the water has lett the impeliers. By proportioning the i'liameter and lnumher 'of revolutions oi the. iinpeller I am able to construct my pump so that the peripheral speed of said iinpeller will elosely approach the spouting velocity of the water leavin the impeller, thereby deposit ing said water into the discharge chai'inel outside the impeller at as low a velocity as praetieahle. A

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Aug. 14, 1917.' Application filed June 1. 1916. Serial No. 101,007.

eori'lanee with `the well known hydraulic la iv governing spouting or discharge of water under aI given head or pressure expressed liy the formula Y V=1`/2gh; p thereby giving to the discharge arear the correct 'size Jfor letting through the `desired amount of water (for which the pump may he designed as to capacity) under a given pressure head.

The pressure energy imparted to the water within the inipeller of this centrifugal pump is all transferred into velocity as said water spouts through the-nozzles, but. as the iinf peller is moving forward with a peripheral speed only slightly` in excess of the rearwardly spouting Water jets, it follows that said water, although issuing from the nozzles at a high velocity, and in au o positc direction to the motion of the impe ler, in reality is dragging behind the iinpeller, go-

- ing in aradial-forward direction relative to energy in the water, which `was transformed into velocity in the nozzles, is here almost instantaneously changed into pressure again.

The head againstwhich the present centi-ilugal pumps are capable of working is very limited, hence when high lil'ls have to he accomplished, several pumps have to he. connected in series, or, as is 'usually the case` one puii'ip with several iinpellers is made, the watei' working through it in singes. This method is'costly and n'iueh oi" the power is lost hy water friction. 'lhrough my invention, by which a pressurc'is generated and maintained in ,the inipeller of a centrifugal pii-nip and the water thus energized success- `fully disposed of, I am able' to produce a onestagc centrifugal pump which can work' against a head which it now requires a six or more stage pump to d'o, and while my invention may be 'successfully used for ordinary centrifugal pum heads, or lifts, it is my principal aim to oring out a practical high pressure single-stage pump. A requirement ol? 500 gallons of waterper minute against a head of 200 feet or upward would offer an example of the conditions to which I am referring and which `my invention is 'oii'ered to meet and provide for.

Referring to the above comparative statement it will he seen that although my pump los' `of necessity has some resemblance as to Figure 1 1s a section on the lined 1*'-1 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 2 Fig. 1. i

Fig. 3 is a diagrammatic detail of the vane ring. i 'i is a section on the line `2---2y of Fig. Il is a detail' showing the ilnpeller f flanges. 4

Referring to the drawing: Upon the base 5 1s secured the outer casing G of my nnproved centrifugatl pump, illustrating the application of my invention to a slnglesuction type pump,` 'although it must 'be understoodthat I do notv wish to limit the' scope of my invention to this'type alone, and that various` departures may be made from the forms of detailed construction herein shown and described without departing'from the Spi'rit'of my invention. vTo 'casing '6 vris attached as shown cover 7 which at its vcenter has a cylindrical opening formingthe siiction inlet 8. Mountedin the casing G is the shaft 9 to which the'inipeller is attached. This impeller is composed of hub 10, casing 11, vanesl. ai'idwalls 1B. At the inner ends of said'vanes in conjunction with` the'liub and casing is formed the inlet port 14 throughwhich the water enters' the impeller chambers 15 formed by the` vanes.' yEach `chamber 15 terminates in a discharge nozzleshaped opening 16 suitably formed in the end wall 13 throughwhich the waterldischarges into the stationary vane` ring 17.

I prefer to callthe above discharge opening nozzle as its function iuthis'clas's-of centrifugal pump is that of a nozzle discharging under a certain head or' pressure.

Fitted to the'casing 6 and cover 7, said vane'ring consists of aA ring member 17 to which are attached tlie projecting vanes 18, whose function it is to divert the water coming from the discharge nozzles into the discharge passage 19. On the outer sides at the edges of the impeller are rearwardly projecting tangential vanes 2O whichA rotate in grooves 21 in the outer pump casing or cover, the function of vanes 2O being to deect back into the discharge passage 19 any water which may have a tendency to pass around into the clearance space 23 between the impeller and the outer Vpump "casing, and on the outer side of the edges of the hub of the impeller are forwardly projecting tangential vanes 22 which rotate in .grooves 24, located in lclose proximity to 'suction inlet 8, the functionV of vanes 22 being .to deflect back into the inlet port 8 any water which may have a tendency to pass up on the 'outside into the clearance space 23.

Having thus described my invention what I claim is:

Vl. In a centrifugal pump of the'class described, an impeller provided with tangenvtial discharge nozzles and inlet ports in the center thereof, and having around the outer edges on the sides thereof rows of rearwardly projected tangential vanes, and at the inlet port. a row of'forwardly projected tangential varies.

'2. In a `centrifugal pump of the class doscribed, an impcller'provided with tangential dischafrgenozzles' and inlet ports in the center thereof, and having on its sides at vthe/,inlet portfa rowof forwardly projecting tangential vanes, a'stationary outwardly diverging Aannular discharge j passage into which '4 said nozzlesv discharge, and a stationary vane ring with vanes projecting across said discharge 'passage substantially as described and sh'own and -for the purpose set forth. j j

Bi In a centrifugal pump of the class described,`thc combination of an impeller with inlet ports in the cent-er thereof and coinprising a series of rearwardly ycurved com- 1 partments each terminating at the periphery iin' a radial end wallhaving a tangential nozzle Whose discharge area is proportioned in accordance with the well known hydraulic law` governing spouting or discharge of water under a given head or pressure, eX- press'ed by the formula "Vea/2gb., 4

thereby giving to the discharge.l area the correct size for transforminginto. velocity Ithe centrifugal pressurein the water within said compartmgentaes said ,Waterjpasses through the nozzlesrfsaid impeller having around the outer .edges on the "side thereof rows,y of rearwardly projecting tangential varies, and at the inlet port a row of yforwardly projecting tangential varies, a `stationarynoutwardly diver ingV annulardi'scharge passage into Whic ,'said nozzles fdis-y charge, and a stationary vane ring lwith vanes,projecting across` said, ldischarge. passage substantlally i, .as described and shown 'and for the purpose set forth.

In witness' th, t'nI' claim the foregoing I have hereuntol subscribed my name Athis 25th day of May 1916.

ALFRED WILSTAM.

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