US1235938A

US1235938A - Compound geared turbine.

Info

Publication number: US1235938A
Application number: US9029616A
Authority: US
Inventors: James C Shaw
Original assignee: William Cramp & Sons Ship & Engine Building Co
Current assignee: William Cramp & Sons Ship & Engine Building Co
Priority date: 1916-04-11
Filing date: 1916-04-11
Publication date: 1917-08-07
Anticipated expiration: 1934-08-07

Description

'L C. SHAW.

COMPOUND GEAREID TURBINE, AFPLic/mors 5mn APRLH, 1916.

htented Aug. 7', 1917.

'Klan/95%;

.0 who/W tim/r11' envien-rn:

Be it hnewn ti' t i, asians U" citizen et the United lStates, residui llhiladelphia, in county si "v a t'uihelear, and exactspeeineatien.

This invention relates te marine prepulsien, and has for its object te previde a systein eo ieundell geznfed turbines el septe h t" u ieeially il SCX Dil a large po: l ine' with a ennnnen fear en 'the propel shaft. as te redni the power t 'ansniitted per pinion te a sa Ee value. and also to save weight by redlining?,V the ninnber el' gears re quired per vessel relatively to the. total pnwer to ne devehiped.

There. is shown herein unit embody a prei l" a large rr-:ir troni a plurality and inw pressure units. i) n various turbine. units and pinion-.s may be interehangreahie. owing! the development ot' equal powers on different mien shafts neared te the propeiler shaft. One or more et such propulsion units may be used, as may be desired. l

is the power et a warship increases, it beeoines inereand more desirable te subdivide the low pressure end si' the turbine systeinnintu several units. because thereby the best eennonrv is obtained at high vacuums, and aise berause of' enabling better and stronger bladine strueture be proly it is desirable to develop low powers witl teu' ai the. units running under hiah eiiieienry. with the remainingr units idle` than te attempt to run all nl: the units under partial lead and uewssarily reduc-ed eilieieney. Yit is alsn desirable in la rge powers to keep the units as small as possible,

piniens and high nait 1 ot Lette-fs atent.

atented Acum. Y?, i917.

.fsplieaten nieu li, Serial No. 90,295.

adito maire similar units rotate in the same direction so that they beeoine interchangeall of which is obtained in the present ation. i the accompanying drawing,- Figgure l is a plan View, and showing the' gears in section on the line 1-1 of Fig. 3;

liif. is a side elevation and t" 3 is an elevation showing sect-ion through gear box and the arrangement of the pinions relatively to the gear.

.i is a propeller shaft connected through a coupling tn a double Q, which meshes with tuur pininns 3, l. 5, 6. The pinions 5, (S, driven hy the rear turbines 13, 14:, are in :i hnrizental plane above the horizontal plane including; the pinions 3, and i. The latter are connected to forwardly extending shafts, respectively, Carrying,` a. high pressure unit 7, a low pressure unit S in tandeni driving pinieu and a high pressure unit l() and a low pressure unit 11 in tandem driving the pinion el. Reversing;r is effected by turbine in the same casing with inw pressure turbine S, and turbine 29 in the saine casing` with low pressure Aturbine 1i. These turbines discharge through a trunk 2G to a condenser 27, while the turbines i3. ll. discharge through a trunk 39 te a condenser 3T. The turbines T. S and 2Q, are Connected to the pinion through a flexible coupling' il. while the turbines 10, ll and '.29 are Connected to the pinion L through siniilariiexible eoupling 12. turbine. i3 is Connected to the pinion 5 through a couplingy l5 and turbine 1l is similarly eonnected to the pinion 6 through a coupling 1G.

The high pressure turbines 7 and 10 are ot identieal design with all parts interchangeable, and take steam in parallelA or Vindei)endently from steam niaiu 17 through pipes 1S and 19 controlled by valves 20 and 21, The turbines El and 11 are single Aflow low pressure units. alike in construct-ion and having` all parts interchangeable. These receive steam from cross connected pipes 22, 23, Controlled by 'alves 2l, so that the high pressure turbineon one driving exhausts to the low pressure turbine on the other shaft. 'lhe reversing turbines Q8, 29, taire steam lin parallel. or separately,through pipe 30 and b anches ill. 32. The turbines l?) and il are double iow low pressure turbines having' their binding in each opposed The.

part identical with the blading inv each single iow low pressure turbine 8, 11. The double flow low pressure turbines 13 and 14 are supplied respectively from each high pressure turbine on the same side through pipes 33, 34, controlled by valves 35, 36. The steam enters at the center ot each of turbines 13 and 14 and fiows in opposite difull power, turbines 7 10, and 8, 11, deliver each approximately one-eighth of the total, power, and turbinesl 13 and 14 each onefourth of the total power. Ars.' all of the pinions operate at the saine s ieed, and since revolve in the condenser vacuum.

the powers are equally divided among them, the pinions will be interchangeable, which is of advantage in that fewer spare parts are required to be carried either on the ship or in stock at the yard.

At seven-eighths of full power, valves 2st. and 25 will be closed, thereby allowing either turbine 3 or 11 to be revolved idly in the o condenser vacuum. At three-fourtlis power,

valves 24 and 525 will be opened, and valve 35 or 36` closed, thereby cutting out one of the double ilowunits 13 or 111, which will At approximately one-half power, both otturbines 13 and 14 will be cut out by closing valves and 36. run the turbines 13 and 14 idlein the condenser-vacuum, they may be disconnected at couplings 15, 16, which will allow condenser 37 with its attendant auxiliaries to be shut down. This will result in a material saving iu total steam required for propulsion and for auxiliary purposes, and will be of especial 'value in very high powered, high speed naval vessels, which are operated much of the time at one-half speed -0r under. An alternate operation for halt power is to employ one high pressure unit, one single liow unit, and one double flow unit, butJ in time of peace, when the vessel would .be operated for the greater part of the time at ,one-halt and'less than one-halt' power, itv

would. be preferable to keep turbines 13 and. 14 disconnected. At approximately onefourth power and less, only one high pressure unit and one singlelow low pressure lvunit would be used, the power being deliv- V ered through the two piuions 3 and 4. 'lhis .would also be the case in reversing. The ar- 1t it is not desired to.

message rangement for one-quarter power and less is the one under which the vessel would be operated most, and by distributing the power on two pinions, their life is very much increased owing to the low working stresses.

lt will be seen that at full power usingall six turbines, at haltl power using turbines 7, 8,' 10 and 11, and at one-fourth power using turbines 1() and S or 7 and 11, the powers on the propeller shaft'gear will be balanced, that isthe same amount of power will be applied on each side by reason of the subdivision and cross connection of` the several high and low pressure units. Also, at threefourths power, in which turbines 8 and 11 are cut out, the powers on opposite sides of the propeller shaft gear will be balanced. It will also be seen that the turbine units are much more interchangeable than in pre? vious constructions, which is of decided iniportance in installations required to develop large powers, not only from the standpoint of spares required to be carried on board ship, but those required to -be kept in stock at the yard. Thus, the turbines 7 and 10 are alike and interchangeable. The turbines 8 `and 11, and their reverse ends are respectively interchangeable, and also the turbines 8 and 11, are like each half of the double iow low pressure turbine units. 13 and 14. Thus, thev four low pressure units are all practically interchangeable. Inasmuch as the shafts on each side run at the saine speed the pinions are-all interchangeable and owing to the division of the powers 'between the four pinions 3, L1, 5, 6, each can be made of ample strength, and not be subject to breakage by overload. Also, the present invention is of advantage because of the facility with which oneA or more oi the units can be out out, and if necessary disconnected from the shaft, when the ship is to operate :tor an appreciable time at fractional power. There s also an advantage in this respect in having,r a'condenser for the low pressure units 8 and 11 separate fromthat for the low pressure units 13 and 14, as this permits one set to be shut down entirely when there is to be a prolonged run at one-halt or less power.

Various modifications and changes may be Vmade in the form of the invention shown diagrainmatically herein, `w-ithin the scope of the appended claims.

Having thus described my invention, 1 declare that what l claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. 1n a marine turbine installation, a plurality of high pressure units adapted to operate in parallel, a plurality of low pressure units supplied by each high pressure unit, said high and low pressure units being geared to a propeller shaft, and means for variably cutting out said low pressure units lo obtain powers between one -haliE and seven-ei gliths.

ico

i propeller shaft each geared independently to said propeller shaft gear.

l5. In a marine turbine installation, a propeller shaft having a gear, a high pressure vand a low pressure turbine unit on each side ot' said gear having driving connection therewith, a series connection from each high pressure unit to the opposite low pressure 'unit` a second pair of low, pressure units cach geared independently to said propeller shaft gear, vand means for supplying sai-d latter low pressure units from said high pressure units.

16. In a marine turbine installation, a pro-- peller shaft having a gear, a high pressure and a low pressure turbine unit on each side ot' said gear having driving connection therewith, and a second pair of low pressure units each geared independently to said propeller shaft gear in a different horizontal plane.

17. In a marine turbine installation, a propeller shaft having a gear, a high pressure and a low pressure turbine unit on each side of said gear having driving connection therewith, said high and low pressure units on each side developing substantially one-eighth power each, a second low pressure unit on each side independently geared to said propeller shaft gear and developing approxi,- mately ene-fourth power.

18. in a marine turbine installationI` a pro-- peller shaft having' a gear, a high pressure, and a low pressure turbine unit on each side ot' said gear having driving connection therewith, said high and low pressure units on each side developing substantially one-eighth power each, and a second lo pressure unir. on each side independently gearedto 4said unit being each ot' divided new type and `having each half interchangeable with said first mentioned low pressure units, v

19. ln a marine turbine installation, a pro-- peller shaft having a gear, a high pressure and a low pressure turbine in tandem on each side of said gear and having driving connections therewith, a condenser connected to said low pressure units, a second low pressure unit on each side geared to said propeller peller shaft having shaft. gear, and a second condenser for each of said latter units.

20. In a marine turbine installation, a proa gear, a high pressure and a low pressure turbine in tandem on each side of said gear and having driving connections therewith, a condenser connected to said low pressure units, a second low pressure unit on each side geared to said propeller shaft gear, a second condenser for cach of said latter units, and means for disconyunit on each 'shaft gear, each ot said second low pressure gear, said latter low pressure A necting said latter low pressure units and their condenser at reduced power.

2l. In a marine turbine installation, a plurality of high pressure units adapted te operate in parallel and each to pass one-halt` the total volume of steam, a plurality of low pressure units each in tandem location with one of said high pressure units and each being connected in series tothe other high pressure unit, a propeller shaft having a gear and pinions driven by said tandem units meshing with said gear, whereby equal power is applied to said gear on each side when all of said units are working, or at reduced power with one high pressure and its connected low pressure unit cut out.

22. n a marine turbine installation, a plurality et high pressure units adapted to operate in parallel and each to pass one-halt the total volume ci' steam, a plurality of low pressure units each in tandem with one of said high pressure units and each being oonnected in `series to the other high pressure unit, a prbpeller shaft having a gear, and pinioiis driven by said tandem units meshing with said gear, whereby equal power is applied to said gear on each side when all of said units are. working, or at reduced power with one high pressure and its connected low pressure unit cut out, a second low pressure side geared to said propeller units developing a power equal to that of each high pressure unit and its connected low pressure unit.

Q3, in a marine turbine installation,`a propeller shaft having a gear, a high pressure a nd a low pressure unit arranged in tandem on each side or' said lgear and having driving connections therewith, and a .reverse turbine associated with each of said low. pressure units.

24. ln a marine turbine installation, a propeller shaft having a. gear, a high pressure and a low pressure unit arranged in tandem on each side o .t' said gear and having driving connections therewith, a reverse turbine associated with each of said low pressure units, and a. condenser common te said two low pressure units and said reversing turbines, the low pressure unit on one side being in series with the high pressure uniton the other side.

In testimony whereof Iatiix my signature in presence ot' two witnesses.

JAMES (l. SHAW.

`Witnesses (leonor, M. Sina-xn, 'lonN il'. llioli'las'rnn.

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