US1233603A - Firearm. - Google Patents

Description

E. E. REDFIELD.

FIREARM.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 8. 1916.

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Patented July 17, 1917.

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E. E. REDFIELD.

FIREARM.

APPLlcAHoN FILED sEPT.8.1916.

Patented July 17, 1917.

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Patented my 17, 1917.

E. E. REDFIELD. FIREARM.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT- 9| 1916.

E. E. vREDFIELD.

FIREARM.

APPLICATION man sans. 191s.

1 ,233603 Patented July 17, 1917.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

Inventor:

f by 5%@ EDWARD E. REDFIELD, 0F GLENDALE, OREGON.

FIREARM.

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, EDwARnE. REDFIELD, a citizen of the United States, and residing in the city of Glendale, county of Douglas, in the State of Oregon, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Firearms, of which the following is a specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part hereof.

This invention relates mainly to magazine firearms of the slide-action type, in which the operations of extracting the empty shell, cocking the gun and placingY a fresh cartridge in the chamber of the barrel are effected by the longitudinal movements of a grip-piece which is mounted to slide on the magazine-tube parallel with the barrel. The invention is shown and described herein as embodied in a shotgun, but it will be evident, as this description proceeds, that the main features of the invention are not applicable solely to Shotguns, but might be applied to rifles as well, and that some of the improvements are capable of use independently of each other and are not necessarily restricted in their application to a firearm which embodies all of the improvements herein referred to.

One part of the invention is concerned with the take-down or those features of construction which permit the barrel to be separated readily7 from the stock. The object of this part of the invention is to provide improved devices which avoid the use of any special, separate parts other than those which are incidental to other functions of the gun, and at the same time to insure the close and secure union of the parts when the gun is set up.

Another part of the invention relates to the breech mechanism, provision being made whereby the firing-pin is locked against movement at all times except when the parts of the gun are otherwise in firing position; provision being also made whereby the accidental separation of the breech-block from the receiver, when the gun is taken down, is prevented.

Another part of the invention relates to the lock mechanism, all of the parts of which are mounted on an assembly clip so that all parts of this mechanism may be assembled outside of the frame and may be placed and secured in position therein as a unit, thus greatly facilitating the work of assembling the gun both for the manufac- Specication of Letters Patent.

Application led September 8, 1916.

Patented July 17, 1917.

Serial No. 118,962.

turer and for the repairer. Moreover, all of the parts of the lock mechanism are mounted, in such assembly clip, on two pins, the hammer-pin and the trigger-pin, thereby simplifying and' improving the construction. Provision is made whereby premature opening of the gun, in case of a hangfire, is prevented, while the release of the parts, to permit opening, is accomplished either by the voluntary movement of the hand or by the recoil. Improvements are also made with respect to the tripping of the slide-latch and the operation of the trigger-latch. The lifter is so operated as to reduce to a minimum the friction on the cartridge while it is being inserted into the chamber of the barrel.

An exceedingly simple but highly effective device for controlling the feed of the cartridges from the magazine is also pro` vided.

Various other features of improvement will be referred to more particularly hereinafter.

In the accompanying drawings, in which the invention is illustrated,

Figure 1 is a View in side elevation of the assembled gun.

Fig. 2 is a view partly in side elevation as seen from the left hand side of the gun and partly in vertical section through the receiver and frame, on a much larger scale than Fig. 1, the parts being in readiness for firing.

Fig. 2a is a detail view in transverse section on the plane indicated by the line Figs. 2b and 2c are detailed views of the rear end portion of the slide-bar as seen from the side opposite to that shown in Fig. 2 and from above respectively.

Fig. 3 is a detail view of a portion of the lock mechanism showing the trigger, trigger-latch, hammer, hammer-latch, slidelatch and slide-latch lock, the rear end of the slide-bar being also shown.

Fig. 4 is a detail partly in side elevation i as seen from the right hand side of the gun and partly in longitudinal section through the frame and receiver, the parts being shown in the positions which they occupy when thegun has just been fired and before eject the empty shell and to place a fresh cartridge in the chamber Vof the barrel.

Fig. 6 is a view in section on the horizontal plane indicated by the broken line (3-6 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 7 ,is `a view in transverse section on the plane indicated by the line 7 7 of Fig. i.

Fig. 8 is a view of the lifter.

Fig. 9 is a detail view in section of the lifter, on the irregular pla-ne indicated by the broken line 9 9 of Fig. 8.

Fig. 10 is a view in perspective of the assembly clip.

Fig. 11 isa view in perspective ofthe slide-bar latch.

Fig. 12 is a view in perspective of the trigger-latch- Fig. 13 is a view in perspective of the hammer.

Fig. 14 is a view similar'to Fig. 1 but showing the gun taken down.

rlhe barrel a, chambered as usual to refceive the cartridge, the magazine-tube I),

(except as hereinafter indicated), in which the cartridges are placed and are pressed to the rear by a spring follower b', the receiver c, the frame CZ (except as hereinafter indicated), and the stock, are constructed substantially as usual in Shotguns of the type referred to.

The receiver c has at its rear upper end a rearwardly and downwardly projecting beveled hook c adapted to engage a correspending beveled recess al formed in the under side of the upper wall of the frame near its forward end. The lower roar corners c2 of the receiver are rounded olf in the arc of a circle and the corresponding inner angles d2 yof the frame are correspondingly rounded off. The forward end of the frame has an upwardly projecting, beveled lug Z3 to enter a corresponding beveled recess c3 in the under side of the receiver near its for` ward end. The extreme forward end of the frame is formed as a ring through which the cartridges are pushed rearwardly upon the lifter, the ring being slightly tapered interiorly for cooperation with the extreme rear end 62, also tapered, of the magazine-tube b, which is threaded, as at L3, just in advance of the tapered end, to engage a threaded opening in the front lower end of the receiver c. In setting up the gun the beveled hook c is lirst engaged with the corresponding recess d and the parts are then brought together as on a hinge. The rolling of the curved shoulder c2 upon the forwardly projecting portion of the frame d and into the rounded angle cl2, forces the hook 0 firmly into the recess d and insures its retention, while the beveled lug Z3 at the forward end of the frame, coacting with the 4beveled recess 03, forces the rear end of the receiver rearwardly into close contact with the forward end of the upper 'portion of the frame, thus insuring a closeV union of the parts, which are held in this position by screwing the magazine-tube rearwardly to cause its tapered rear end to coact with the interiorly tapered ring at the eXtreme forward end of the frame, the proper alinement of the parts being also thus insured.

The receiver c has near its rear end an interior shoulder ct, against which the breech-blocki e abuts in lthe firing position, so that the breech pressure is taken entirely by the receiver and puts no strain on the take-down devices. In the opening of the gun the breech-block iirst drops at its rear end to clear the shoulder 04 and then passes rearwardly below the shoulder into the chamber in the frame. rlhe breech-block e carries the ejector devices which may be 0f usual construction. It lalso carries the usual firing-pin f and a bell-crank lever g provided with a lug g to engage a notch fin the firing-pin and lock the pin against movement except when all of the parts are in firing position. The locking lever g is normally' held in locking position ba spring g2 and is moved to release the firingpin by the slide-bar, as hereinafter eX- plained.

The grip piece It is mounted upon the magazine-tube Z) as usual and has extended rearwardly therefrom a slidebar 7L,I which has at its rear end an inwardly projecting.

lug 71,2 to enter the cam-slot e in the corresponding side of the breech-block. As the slide-bar reciprocates in the usual manner and as it approaches the eXtreme forward limit of its movement it engages thelower end of the bell-crank locking Ylever g and moves it to disengage its lug g from the notch f of the firing-pin and thereby placeV the firing-pin in readiness for firing. As the slide-bar approaches the extreme rear- 'ward limit of its movement, the breechis cut out on one side, as clearly shown in i Fig. 2a, to receive the slide-bar It. The pin is spring-pressed. and, when the gun is taken down, projects slightly below the lower 'edge of the receiver, the upper shoulder of the pin then dropping into a notch 72,* in the upper edge of the slide-bar restraining the slide-bar from rearward movement. When. however, the gun is set up the lower end of the hammer the upper pin p3 bears upon the rod-spring sL tending to throw the Vrear end of the slide-latch down and the forward end up, so that as soon as the slide-bar completes its forward movement the latch s', until then held down by the slide-bar, will snap up back of the end of the slide-bar and prevent rearward movement thereof. When the trigger is pulled and the hammer falls the pin p4 strikes the under side of the rodspring s4 and tends to press the rear arm of the slide-latch up and the forward end down so as to release the slide-bar for the next rearward movement. It will be observed that the provision of two pins on the hammer permits the employment of a single vrod-spring on the slide-latch in place of the two flat springs sometimes employed heretofore. It is undesirable, in the event of a hang-fire, that the slide-latch should be released immediately upon the falling of the hammer. The pressure of the rear end of the slide-,bar against the front face of the slide-latch, under the influence of the natural rearward pressure of the hand on the grip-piece, tends to prevent such immediate disengagement of the slide-latch. The same effect is produced by the action of the spring g2 against the firing-pin latch or bell crank lever g, the lower end of which, under the influence of the spring, presses the slidebar rearwardly holding it in contact with the. face of the slide-latch. The frictional contact between the end of the slide-bar and the slide-latch, whether occasioned by the spring or by the hand, is maintained until the recoil of the gun, when the cartridge is exploded, occasions a slight relative rearward movement of the frame, which carries the slide-latch, with respect to the slide-bar itself7 such relative movement being suficient to release the face of the latch from the end of the slide-bar and permit the latch to fall under the influence of the spring s4.

In order that the gun may be opened when desired a trip t is pivoted on the trigger-pin r2, in front of the trigger, and is movable independently of the trigger to a limited extent. It carries a pin t which is adapted to make Contact with the under side of the rear arm s3 of the slide-latch, when the trip is pressed forward by the finger, and thereby raise the rear end and depress the forward end of the slide-latch so as to release the slide-bar and permit the opening of the gim. A spring t2 is interposed between the trip and the forwardly extending toe y" of the trigger to hold the trip normally in an inoperative po sition. The trip cannot be operated to release the slide-latch when the hammer is pulled because the trigger then swings the trip down so that the pin t will not make contact with the rear arm of the slide-latch. The trigger cannot be pulled when the trip is pressed forward because the consequent movement of the slide-latch swings the trigger-latch W under the toe r of the trigger.

The cartridge-lifter u, by which each cartridge is received from the magazine-tube and is lifted in front of the breech-block so as to be thrustthereby, in its lforward movement, into the chamber of the barrel, is pivotally mounted in the assembly clip 0 on the hammer pivot-pin p. It comprises the usual spoon-like forward portion u" and a rearwardly extendingl arm u2 which carries a roller "a3, mounted in the end of the arm so kascto yield axially against a spring `uf. In the rearward movement of the breechblock e a beveled portion e2 of its right hand depending iange presses the roller ua inward against the pressure of the spring uf and the roller then rides against the inner side of the flange of the breech-block until it slips over the cam-shoulder e4. In the forward movement of the breech-block the cam-shoulder engages the roller us and depresses the rear end of the lifter raising the forward end so as to lift the cartridge into line with the chamber of the barrel. The cam-shoulder is formed with a double inoline7 the first and steeper part e* serving to tilt the cartridge and hold it with its forward end in line with the chamber of the barrel, while the second and higher portion e5, in the continued movement of the cartridge with the breech-block and after the forward end of the cartridge has entered the chamber of the barrel, serves to lift the rear end of the cartridge into substantial alinement with the barrel so that the friction of the cartridge against the rear edge ofthe chamber7 usual when the lifter has but a single movement, is eliminated.

It will be obvious that the details of construction and arrangement shown will be varied more or less according to the character of the firearm t0 which the improvements are applied as well as that the several features of improvement herein shown and described may be employed independently of each other as required by the construction of the firearm to which one or another of such improvements may be applied.

I claim as my invention:

1. In a firearm, the combination of a frame having a beveled recess in the under side of its upper wall, and having a rearwardly beveled lug at the forward end of its forward extension, and a receiver having at its rear extremity a beveled hook to engage said recess in the frame, and having in its under side a beveled recess for coperation with the beveled lug of the frame.

2. In a firearm, the combination of a frame having a beveled recess in the under side of its upper wall, and having a. beveled lug at the forward end of its forward extension, and having also a ring at the forward end the pin k3 vmakes Contact with the upper side of the forward portion of the frame and the pin is thereby lifted to take the upper shoulder out of the notch of the slidebar and so release the slide-bar for movement. Y

The slide-bar in its reciprocations operates the cartridge cut-off m by which the feed of the cartridges from the magazinetube is regulated. The cut-off m consists of a rocking bar mounted at fm/ in a seat formed therefor in the left hand sidev of the forward lower portion of the frame and provided at its forward end with an inturned lip m2 which projects far enough toward the axis of the gun to stand in the path of the flange of the next cartridge in the magazine-tube, when the forward end of the cutoii is in its highest position, to prevent the rearward movement of such cartridge under the influence of the spring follower. When the forward end of the cut-off is depressed the flange m2 stands out of the path of the cartridge which may then move rearwardly upon the lifter. rlhe cut-off is also provided with two lugs m3 m4," rounded at their upper ends and cut away on opposite sides so that the effective portions of the lugs shall stand in dierent longitudinal planes, the forward lug at the right and the rearward lug at the left. The slide-bar 71, is cut away at its lower edge, at the inner or right hand side, as indicated at 71.5, with a cam surface at the rear end of the cutaway portion, and is cut away at its lower edge at the outer or left hand side near its extreme rear end, to form a cam-notch he. When the slide-bar ris in its extreme forward position the cut-off occupies the position shown in Fig. 2 with its rear lug m3 standing in the cam-notch he and its forward lug m1 pressed down by the slide-bar. As the rearward movement of the slide-bar begins the rear lug m3 is depressed by the approaching cam surface of the notch it and at the same time the cutaway portion 71,5 permits the forward lug m4 to rise, so that the cut-off is then rocked on its axis to raise the forward end with its lip m2 into the path of the next cartridge and so prevent the rearward movement thereof. The cutofl`1 retains this position during the remainder of the rearward movement of the slide-bar and during the forward movement thereof until it approaches the limit of its forward movement, when theI cut-off will be rocked from the position shown in Fig. 5 to the position shown in Figs. 2 and 4 so as to permit the rearward movement of the next cartridge upon the lifter.

The lock mechanism, `including the hammer, trigger, slide-bar latch and lifter, with their associated parts, is mounted, on two pivot-pins, in an assembly clip o, which is fitted to the inside of the frame and may be secured in place therein by two screws o. All of the parts of the lock mechanism can be assembled in the assembly clip, outside of the gun, where every part is readily accessible, and can then be placed inthe gun as a unit, thus facilitating greatly the work of assembling the gun, either for the manufacturer or for the repairer. The hammer p is mounted on a pivot-pin p and is acted upon by a main spring 792 of usual construction. lt is cocked by contact with the breech-block in its rearward movement and is held in cocked position by direct engagement with the toe r of the trigger r which is pivoted in the assembly clip on the trigger-pin r2. The trigger is shownas having a rearwardly projecting lug r3 for coperation with a notched safety-pin 1f* movable transversely in the trigger-guard. The trigger can be moved only when the notch is in line with the lug.

A yoke-like trigger-latch T5, having a bar r6 to engage the toe r. of the trigger 7' and hold it from disengagement from the hammer 29 and having a spring abutment r? for cooperation with a light spring rs interposed. between it and a portion of the slidebar latch, is hung on the pivot-pin p of the hammer. It is moved to release position, so that the gun can be fired, only when the slide-latch is itself moved to firing position as the oun is fully closed at the limit of the forwarc movement of the slide-bar, this movement of the trigger-latch being effected by a shoulder of the slide-latch as hereinafter described. Being, however, mounted independently of the slide-latch and subject to the pressure of a spring rs, it may yield with respect to the slide-latch, in the movement of the latter, if the trigger should then be held by the pressure of the finger, until such time as the pressure of the finger is released and at such time will be caused by the pressure of the spring rs, to engage the toe of the trigger and prevent its release.

The slide-latch. s is also mounted on the hammer-pin p. It has a forwardly extending stop finger s', which stands behind the rear end of the slide-bar it when the gun is in the firing position, as shown in Fig. 2, 115 and thereby prevents the rearward movemendJ of the slide-bar. It carries the small spring rs for the trigger-latch, as already described. It is provided also with a shoulder s2 for coper'ation with the rear 120 side of the trigger-latch 715 to move the'same to release position when the slide-bar hasV completed its forward movement and the slide-latch is permitted to move to firing po-V sition. arm s3 which carries a forwardly projected rod-spring s4 to, stand between two pins 793, p4 carried bythe hammer p. Toward the close of the rearward movement of the slidebar and the consequent cooking movement of 130 It has also a rearwardly extended Y i of its forward extension, a receiver having at its rear extremity a hook to engage the recess in the frame and having in its under side a beveled recess for coperation with the beveled lug of the frame, and a magazinetube threaded into the receiver and having a tapered rear end to coperate with the ring of the frame.

3. InV a firearm, the combination of a frame having a beveled recess in the under side of its upper wall, and having a rearwardly beveled lug at the forward end of its forward extension, the angle between the forward extension and the rear portion of the frame being rounded, and a receiver having at its rear extremity a beveled hook to engage the recess in the frame, and having in its under side a beveled recess for cooperation with the beveled lug of the frame, and having its lower rear corners rounded to cooperate with the rounded angle of the frame.

4. In a firearm, the combination of a frame, a receiver, a breech-block, a slide-bar and a locking device for the slide-bar held in position to permit movement of the slidebar when the frame and receiver are assembled, and movable to lock the slide-bar when the frame and receiver are separated.

5. In a firearm, the combination of a frame, a receiver, a slide-bar movable in a longitudinal recess in the side wall of the receiver, and a spring-pressed locking pin mounted vin the side wall of the receiver and adapted to engage the slide-bar to prevent movement thereof and to be held out of locking engagement by contact with the frame when the frame and receiver are assembled.

6. In a firearm, the combination of a receiver, a magazine-tube, a frame, and a cartridge cut-off mounted to rock on the frame and having at its forward end a lip to stand in the path of the cartridge when elevated, and

, having on its upper edge two lugs with their upper ends in different longitudinal planes, the slide-bar being cut away on its lower edge in different longitudinal planes to cooperate with the lugs of the cut-off.

7. In a firearm, the combination of a frame having an integral trigger-guard, an assembly clip detachably secured in the frame and located wholly within the same, a lock mechanism supported wholly on the assembly clip and removable therewith from the frame.

8. In a firearm, the combination of a frame having an integral trigger-guard, an assembly clip detachably secured in the frame and located wholly within the same, and a hammer, a trigger and a main spring mounted in the frame and removable therewith.

9. In a firearm, the combination of a frame, a slide bar, an assembly clip detachably secured in the frame, and a hammer,

a main spring, a slide-latch and a trigger mounted in the assembly clip and removable therewith from the frame.

10. In a firearm, the combination of a frame, a slide bar, an assembly clip detachably secured in the frame, a hammer pivotpin and a trigger pivot-pin mounted in the clip, a hammer and a slide-latch mounted on the hammer pivot-pin, and a trigger and a slide-latch trip mounted on the trigger pivot-pin.

11. In a firearm, the combination of a frame a slide bar, an assembly clip detachably secured in the frame, a hammer pivotpin and a trigger pivot-pin mounted in the clip, a hammer, a slide-latch and a triggerlatch mounted on the hammer pivot-pin, and a trigger and a slide-latch trip mounted on the trigger pivot-pin.

12. In a firearm, the combination of a frame, a slide bar, an assembly clip detachably secured in the frame, a hammer pivot-pin and a trigger pivot-pin mounted in the assembly clip, a hammer, a slidelatch and a lifter mounted on the hammer pivot-pin, and a trigger and a slide-latch trip mounted on the trigger pivot-pin.

13. In a firearm, the combination of a slide-bar, a slide-latch standing normally against the rear end of the slide-bar, and a spring-pressed lever acting upon the slidebar to hold its rear end normally in contact with the face of the slide-latch.

14. In a firearm, the combination of a hammer, a slide-bar, a slide-latch, a trigger and a slide-latch trip, the trip being pivoted on the same axis with the trigger and in advance thereof.

15. In aA firearm, the combination of a hammer, a slide-bar, a slide-bar latch, a trigger, and a trigger-latch, the slide-bar latch coperating with the trigger-latch to release the trigger when the slide-bar latch is in firing position.

16. In a rearm, the combination of a frame, a slide-bar, a slide-bar latch, a trigger and a spring-pressed trigger-latch, the trigger-latch being mounted on lthe same axis with the slide-bar latch but independently thereof, and the slide-bar latch having a shoulder for cooperation with the triggerlatch to move the same to release the trigger.

17. In a firearm, the combination of a hammer, a slide-bar, a slide-bar latch, a trigger and a spring-pressed trip for the slidebar latch, the trip being mounted on the same axis with the trigger but independently thereof.

18. In a firearm, the combination of a frame, a receiver, a slide-bar, a breech-block having two successive cam inclines at different angles, and a cartridge lifter having a roller to be engaged by said inclines in Succession in the forward movement of the breech-block.

oss.v

179. In a firearm, the combination of a frame, a receiver, a slide-bar`,x a breechblock having a depending wall formed with a beveled surface at its rear end and with a cam-track Jforward of its rear end, and a cartridge lifter having a rearwardly eX- tended arm with a laterally yielding roller adapted to be engaged by the beveled edge of the cam-block and to be pushed to one side thereby in the rearward movement of the breech-block to operate the lifter.

20. In a firearm, the combination of a frame, a slide-bar, a slide-latch Ain the path Vor movement of the slide-bar, and a springpressed lever acting upon the slide-bar to hold it in friotional contact with the slidelatch to hinder releasing movement of the slide-latch until the cartridge is exploded.

21. In a firearm, the combination of a frame, a slide-bar, a slide-latch in the path of movement of the slide-bar, a iring-pin,

and a spring-pressed lever to engage thefiring-pin to prevent effective movement thereof and acting upon the slide-bar to hold it in :Eriotional contact with the slide-latch to hinder releasing movement of the slidelatch until the cartridge is exploded.

This specification signed this 15th day of August, A. D. 1916.

EDWARD E. REDFIELD.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for ve cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. G.

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