US1230343A - Apparatus for the manufacture of crude calcium cyanamid. - Google Patents

Description

N. C. TOMMASI APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF C RUDE CALCIUM CYANAMID.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 5 1917- 1,230,343. Patented June 19, 1917.

.10 mid from calcium carbi'd andhiitrogen a a UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

NOBILE CARLO TOMMASI, OF BASEL, SWITZERLAND, ASSIGNOB TO THE FIRM F ,ELEKTRIZITATSWERK LONZA, OF GAMLPEL AND BASEL,,-SWIT ZERLAND.

AIPPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURiE 0F CRUDE CALCIUM CYANAMID.

ipjall whom it M ay concern i-Be n, known that I, ,Xoinnn Can o Ton- Mk S1, a subject of the King of Italy, re Siding at Basel, Sultzerland, have invented 5 new and useful Improvements in Apparatus for the Manufacture of Crude Calciu n Cyanamid, of which the folloiving is a full, clear, and exact specification.

The production/of crude calcium cyai continuous process l1as11otyet been achiev mainly because inthe processes liitherlo known "there has been no lpossihilityfwditiljusting the temperature withinl e' furnace to meet the requirements of tlr 'In one procedure ithas been attempted to equalizet'the temperature. within a rotary furnace producing, 'F'tion of the nitrogen 'b'y means of n long, -'durat because tlfe nozzles become choked, l\'lt irer the attemptshon's that. it has not become known that in the correct conduct of t ie process a notiurorthy portion of the heat (.lQYvluplrl by the reaction must be Withdi au'n, and more lfiflJl'l'lClllilI'lY that at the end of the reaction -IS nece erary to cool the proi'luct. in the 'l'ui- :e in nitrogen to avoid deconipositiim.

The present inveniion'iiii HUS to a plant for theginan'ufacture 01 min calcium cyanai'nid lroin calcium ca ml and nitrogen in arotiuyy furnace, in which for the purpose f l 'f t nntrollint the tenuf l'at lre in the furl {the nitrogen is.nntiintained in constant, ,controlled circulation through heating and cooling deyices outside the furnacef The accompanying diagram illustrates the f improved plant partly in side elevation, 40' partlyinsection.

" 'lhqiftary inclined furnace A is closed gastig'litja't both ends. At the higher end "a'thecalcium carbid eventually with addition oi: suhstanees faqilitating the reaction f and the nitrogen At the lower end i namid is removed thfoughgthe sealede' i and the circulatjag nitrogen introduced through the pipe The pipes g' and a are connected toe'ther by a gas-tight pipe system m comiising a device v, such as a fan, for produccirculation of thenitrogcn, a cooler r Janyd a heater s. The pipe system also. comprises a dust chamber t from which a worm leayes tirrijugh a'pipe, lr tue rude caleur Specification of Letters Patent.

lau-nted'lune 1-9, 1917.

917. Serial No. 140.796.

t:' 1r furnace,uneovered so that it. is cooled. by rz'uhatl'oiror inay be artificially cooled.

'Jn order as faras possible. to prevent. the stream of nitrogen from stirring up the dusty carbid and carrying it away, the. pipe 1/ is extended. as at 9 into the mouth of the furnace. whereby there is formed-at the upper end of the furnace, between the carbid pipe and the said extension, a chamber not traversed by the nitrogen, in which chamber the carhid can with before it enters the reaction zone of the .urnace.

The operation is he follows:

For starting the operation. the tlurnace is heated to the temperature necessary for} the reaction before the eirciil'ation of nitrogen .is started. For this purpose, for example,

nitrogen may be heated in the heater 8 and blown into t l furnace. W'hen the-temperatureof reaction has been attained, introduction of calcium carhid is started. Thefeeding of the car-bid is capable of control. Fresh nitrogen, if necessarypreheated, is introduced in suliicient'q mntity and the circulation of nitrogen is started. At first, in order not to cool the furnace a feeble circulation is maintained and the cooler .r .pre'ferably cut out of the circuit. If the.tem perature falls, it may be raised againnby s of the heater As, the reaction 6' fceeds and the rate of teeding-thecarhid; is iricreaserhthe temperature gradually rises, heat being generat d by the reaction. In. proportion to this rise the circulation andthe cooling of the nitrogen is increased,- The finihed cooled crude calcium. cyanamid is removed from the furnace through; the seal '11.

What I claim is:' j

1. In an apparatus for the manufacture of crude calcium cyanamid, a rotary furnace of reaction, having calcium cal id feed device and .a calcium cyanam d discharge device, and a nitrogen circulating system between the endsref the furnace, ncluding nace as well as nitrogen displacing means 1 to keep the nitrogen in constant, controlled circulation through said heating and cooling devices outslde the furnace for temperature regulating purposes, substantially as described.

2.'In an apparatus for the manufacture of crude calcium cyanamid, a rotary fur nace of reaction, having a calcium carbid .feed device at its one end and a calcium 'cyanamid discharge device at its other end,

the furnace part next to said discharge device being arrang lelad to be cooled from without for aiding t e cooling of the finished product, and a nitrogen circulating system between the ends of the, furnace, including heating and cooling devices outside the furnace of reaction, having a calcium carbid feed device at its one end and a calcium cyanamid discharge device at its other end, and a nitro m clrculating system between the ends 0 .the furnace, including nitrogen displacing means, heating and cooling means outside the furnace to kee the nitrogen in constant, controlled circulation through said heating andcooling means, a chamber being provided at the feeding end of the furnace out of the circulating nitrogen path to allow settling of supplied calcium carbid-before its entry to the reaction zone of the furnace, substantially as described.

In witness whereof I have hereunto signed my name. this 12th day of December, 1916,

in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

NOBILE CARLO TOMMASI,

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