US1219265A - Electric fluid-heater. - Google Patents

Description

H. W. DENHARD.

ELECTRIC FLUID HEATER.

APPLICATloN FILED Nov. 15. 1911. RENEWED DEC. 20, 1915.

1,21 9,265. Patented Mar. 13, 1917.

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rUNITED STATES EATENT OFFICE.

HARRY W. BENI-IARD, OE SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA, ASSIGNOR TO THE CUTLER- HAMMER MFG. CO., OF MILWAUKEE, VJISCONSIN, A CORPORATION OF WISCONSIN.

ELECTRIC FLUID-HEATER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Mar. 13, 1917.

Application led November 15, 1911, Seria-1 No. 660,370. Renewed December 20, 1915. Serial No. 67,956.

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known thatLIIAnRv W. DnNHARD, a citizen of the United States, residing at San Francisco, in the county of San Francisco and State of California., have invented new and useful Improvements in Electric Fluid-Heaters, of which the following is a full, clear, concise,and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawing, forming a part of this specification.

This invention relates to electric fluid heaters and regulators therefor. It is especially adapted for electric heaters of the type wherein the fluid forms part of the circuit and is heated by the passage of the current through the same.

One of the objects of the invention is to provide an improved electric fluid heater and a regulator therefor.

Another object is'to provide a regulator which will render the heater adapted to heat liquids of different specific resistance to any desired temperature. l

Another object is to provide a compact regulator which will occupy little space in the heater and which at the same time will be readily accessible foradjustment.

Other objects and advantages of my in vention will hereinafter appear.

In the accompanying drawings I have shown one form which my invention may assume in practice.V My invention is not, however, limited to this form.

In the views of these drawings:

lFigure 1 shows a central longitudinal section through a heater. ,l

Fig. 2 shows a top plan view of the same.

Fig. 3 shows a side elevation of one of the tubes used in this form of regulator.

Fig. A shows a side elevation of another tube used in this form of regulator.

Theiiuid heater is provided with carbon electrodes 1 inclosed in a tubular metallic receptacle or casing 2. Two sets of electrodes are provided, one positive and the other negative. The electrodes are suitably spaced apart from each other and from the casing and they have their ends received by suitable conducting blocks 3 and insulating blocks 4. Terminal connections for the electrodes are provided at the upper ends of the casing. .The bottom of the casing has an inlet opening 5 therein and adjacent said opening, but separated therefrom by a diaphragm, is an outlet opening 6.

A chamber is providedin one side 9 of the casing in which. tubes 7 and 8 are located. These tubes communicate with the outlet opening and are arrangedto form an outlet passage from the exterior of the receptacle to the outlet opening.v The tubes are preferably long and narrow and extend longitudinally throughout the entire length of the receptacle.- The tube 8 is-arranged to rotate within the tube 7 as will hereinafter be described. The tube 7 is ixed in the casing. It has a longitudinal slot 11 therein which communicates with the interior of the receptacle. The tube 8 is provided with a spirally Y arranged seri-es of openings 12 which cooperate with the slot 11 in tube 7 as the tube ld is rotated. It will be understood that a spirally arranged slot may be used if desired.

The tube 8 is also provided with a relatively large opening 13 which is adapted to coperate with the corresponding opening 14 in the tube 7, so that when the receptacle is practically filled with fluid, a relatively large passage is provided the size of which may be regulated to control the flow.

The tube 8 is rotated byv means of a threaded stud 15 which is carried by the top 10 of the casing and arranged to be rotated from the exterior thereof.

When the regulator is assembled, as shown in Fig. 1, the slot 11 in tube 7 is arranged to communicate directly with the interior of the casing 2 and one or more of the perforations 19. or a portion of the slot, if this is used, is opposite the slot 11. Thus an opening is formed through the tubes, which permits the water in the casing to pass out and down to the outlet 6. The height of this opening determines the height which the water in the casing may'reach. By suitably adjusting the inner tube S within the tube 7 so that any predetermined one or more of its openings may coincide with the slot in the outer tube 7 this water level may be varied as desired, and the heater adapted to heat liquids of different resistance, since it is a well known fact that the resistance developed is inversely proportional to the cross section of' the conductor. Therefore, by varying the amount of water through which the current passes, the heater may be so adjusted as to operate at its maximum efficiency upon liquids of widely diierent resistances and to heat the water to any desired degree.

In the construction in Fig. 17 the carbonelectrodes 1 are arranged in a plurality of concentric series so that the fluid in the casing acts to complete the circuit through the electrodes. One or more rods 16 are so aranged that they serve not only to support the electrodes but to provide terminal connections at one end ot the same. In Fig. 1 the central rod is provided with a threaded upper end and a threaded lower end. The threaded lower end carries the lowerironducting plate 3, which in turn carries the insulating block or plate l1 in which certain of the electrodes are seated. The upper threaded end ol the rod extends through the upper insulating plate Li and the upper conducting plate 3 to the outside of the top plate 10 and is insulated from the conducting plate 3 by a suitable insulating sleeve 17. Suitable means 18 for connecting the end of a conductor are carried upon the threaded end which extends beyond the cover 10. Obviously another rod may be connected in a similar manner at the side of the heater so that the terminal connections for the heater may be at the top of the same. If desired, the terminal connections may be inclosed in a suitable cap or cover 19 of any desired shape. A very sturdy structure is thus provided wherein the electrodes are prevented from jarring and breaking when the heater is roughly used, and in which the terminal connections may be conveniently made.

It will thus be seen that a fluid heater has been provided in which Vthe amount of fluid acting as a conductor between the electrodes may be readily varied so that the heater will operate efliciently to heat fluids of any specific resistance to any desired temperature. The fluid may be continuously passed through the heater and the amount of heat imparted to the fluid readily controlled. The regulator for the heater is inclosed within the heater casing and it occupies a small amount of space so that the apparatus as a whole may be made very compact and neat. The structure is rugged and may therefore be handled roughly without damaging the parts or getting them out of adjustment. The terminal connections are conveniently located and neatly covered so as to present an unobtrusive appearance and at the same time are readily accessible. The structure thus constitutes a neat, compact and convenient means for heating fluids of any kind. This means is constructed so that it may be quickly adjusted to secure a maximum efficiency under a wide variation of conditions.

It should, of course, be understood that the structure shown is for purposes ot illustration only and that other structures may be devised which embody the invention and which come within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is as follows:

1. An electric fluid heater con'rprising a receptacle provided with an inlet and an outlet opening, electric heating means within said receptacle, and means within said receptacle communicating with the outlet opening and rotatably adjustable from the outside oif the receptacle for regulating the height of the fluid in the receptacle whereby the heater may be readily adjusted to oper-4 ate at lnaxinnuu ellicienry lor fluids ol diliferent specilie resistance.

2. An electrirf: lluid heater comprising a tubular receptacle having an inlet opening near the bottom thereof', a plurality oi. electrodes longitudinally disposed'vr'ithin said receptacle and adapted to be electrically connected by the fluid in the rcceptacle, and means within the receptacle communicating with the outlet opening therein, said means being longitudinally disposed within the rcceptacle and rotatably adjustable from the exterior thereof to regulate the height of the fluid in the receptacle, whereby the heater may be adjusted to operate at maximum efficiency tor fluids of different specific resistance.

3. An electric fluid heater comprising a receptacle provided with an inlet and an outlet opening', a plurality of positive and negative electrodes within said receptacle and a pair of tubes, one within the other, in said receptacle, said tubes communicating with the outlet opening and each having openings therein adapted to coperate to form a passage communicating with the interior of the receptacle, the one of said tubes being adjustable relative to the other so that the height of said passage above tl bottom of the receptacle may be regulated.

4. An electric fluid heater comprising a tubular receptacle having an inlet opening near the bottom thereof, a plurality of positive and negative electrodes longitudinally disposed in said receptacle, a pair of tubes, one within the other, longitudinally disposed in the receptacle and communicating with an outlet opening therein, said tubes having coperating openings therein adapted to -form a passage communicating with the interior of the receptacle, one of said tubes being adjustable relative to the other from the exterior of the receptacle to vary the location of Vthe passage to y, gulate the height of vthe fluid flowing through said receptacle whereby the heater may be adjusted to operate at maximum efficiency.

5. An electric fluid heater comprising a tubular receptacle having an inlet opening near the bottom thereof, a plurality of positive and negative electrodes longitudinally disposed within said receptacle, a tube longitudinally disposed within said receptacle and communicating with an outlet opening therein, said tube having a longitudinal slot therein, asecond tube within the first having a series of spirally arranged openings therein adapted to successively register with the slot in the first tube, means operative from the exterior of the receptacle for adjusting the position of the second tube relative to the first whereby the heater may be regulated to operate at maximum efliciency for fluids of different specific resistance.

G. An electric fluid heat-er comprising a tubular receptacle having an inlet opening, a removable cover for said receptacle, a plurality of positive and negative electrodes disposed longitudinally in said receptacle and carried by said cover, means adjustable from the exterior of the receptacle and disposed along one side of the interior thereof and communicating with an outlet opening therein for regulating the height of the fluid flowing through said heater whereby the heater may be adjusted to operate at maximum efhciency.

7. n electric fluid heater comprising a tubular casing having an inlet opening near the bottom thereof, electric heating means within the casing and means disposed along one side of the casing and rotatably adjustable from the exterior thereof for regulating the height of the fluid in said receptacle.

S. An electric heater for heating a flowing communicating with the outlet opening and rotatably adjustable from the exterior of the receptacle for regulating the height of the fluid in the receptacle whereby the heater may be adjusted to operate at maximum efficiency.

A heater for heating a flowing fluid comprising a receptacle provided with an inlet and an outlet opening, electric heating means within said receptacle, and rotatable means 'ithin said receptacle adjustable from the exterior thereof for regulating the height of the fluid in the heater whereby the heater may be adjusted to operate at maximum efficiency.

l0. A heater for heating a flowing fluid comprising a receptacle provided with an inlet and an outlet opening, a cover for said receptacle, electric heating means within said receptacle supported by said cover and rotatable means within the receptacle adjustable from the exterior thereof for regulating the height of fluid in the receptacle whereby the heater may be adjusted to operate at maximum efficiency.

ll. A heater for heating a flowing fluid comprising a receptacle provided with an inlet and an outlet opening, a cover for said receptacle, a plurality of positive and negative electrodes disposed within said receptacle and supported by said cover and rotatable means adjustable through said cover for regulating the height of fluid in the receptacle whereby the heater may be adjusted to operate at maximum efficiency.

l2. A heater for heating` a flowing fluid comprising a tubular receptacle having an inlet and an outlet opening, a cover for said receptacle supporting electric heating means longitudinally disposed within the receptacle, and rotatable means longitudinally disposed within the receptacle and adjustable from the exterior thereof' to regulate the height of fluid in the receptacle whereby a neat, compact structure capable of being adjusted to operate at maximum efficiency is provided.

13. A heater for heating a flowing fluid comprising a receptacle provided with an inlet and an outlet opening, a cover for said receptacle supporting a plurality of positive and negative electrodes disposed within the receptacle, one of said electrodes acting as a terminal rod and as a supporting means for a structure supporting the lower ends of the electrodes, and means within said receptacle adjustable from the exterior thereof for regulating the height of fluid in the receptacle whereby the heater may be adjusted to operate at maximum efhciency.

14. A heater for heatinga flowing fluid comprising a tubular receptacle having an outlet and an inlet opening in the bottom thereof, a cover for the top of the receptacle supporting a plurality of positive and negative electrodes longitudinally disposed within the receptacle and a pair of tubes, one within the other and one rotatably adjustable relative to the other by means extending through the cover to regulate the height of fluid in the receptacle.

15. A heater for heating a flowing fluid comprising a receptacle having an inlet and an outlet opening, a cover for said receptacle, electric heating means disposed within the receptacle and supported from the cover thereof, and means within the receptacle adjustable by means extending through the cover for regulating the height of fluid in the receptacle.

1G. A. heater for heating a flowing fluid comprising a tubular receptacle having an inlet and an outlet opening, electric heating means longitudinally disposed within said receptacle, a chamber on one side of said receptacle, means Within the chamber Co1nmunicating with the outlet opening in the bottom of the receptacle and adjustable from the exterior and top of the receptacle to regulate the height of fluid therein.

17. A heater for heating a flowing fluid Comprising a receptacle having an inlet and an outlet opening, eleetrio heating means within the receptacle and means Within the receptacle adjustable from the exterior thereof for regulating the height of Huid flowing through the receptacle, said means being also adjustable to regulate the rate of How through the receptacle when the heater is substantially filled.

18. A fluid heater comprising a receptaole having an inlet and an outlet opening, eleotrio heating means within the receptacle and means Within the receptacle rotatably adjustable from the exterior thereol for regulating the height of Huid in the receptacle, said means being also adjustable to regulate the rate of flow through the receptacle When the heater is operating at sul stautially its full capacity.

In Witness whereof, I have hereunto subscribed my name in the presence of two witnesses.

HARRY W. DENHARD. lVitnesses JOHN B. OLIVER, F. E. FARMER.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for ve cents each, by addressing the Commissioner ox. Patents, Washington, D. C.

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