US1218999A - Core for reinforced concrete or plaster floor construction. - Google Patents

Description

c z.l F. HENNms. CURE F08 REINFORCED CONCRETE 0R PLASTER FLUOB GQNSTRUCTVION.l

APPLICATIUI FILID IULY 28| 1915.

1,918,999. 1mm-uu. 13, 1917,.

plete core re'ady with a top 2 and sies 4 which the follown ble, a `great vention will be` pmianns ir.

ensuit wml?, Ol' CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, C0 ANY, 0F CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A

ASSIGNOR T0 STATES CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

CORR FOB BEINFOBCED CONCRETE 0B PLABTER `I-E'LOOB. COINBlBlJ'C'JION.`

speeltuinen' er Letten raamt Original application illed April 9, 1915, loria] No. 20,162. Divided and this application illed J'nly 88, 1915.

Serial No. 41,887. i

To all'whomt may concern:v

Be it known that I, CHARLES F. HENNING, a citizen of the United States, residinsg at Chica in the county of Cook and tate of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Cores for Reinforced Concrete or PlasterFloor Construction, of

is a specification.

My invention re ates in. eneral to floor construction and more speci cally to a voidforming core adapted to materially diminish the weight of concrete and plaster iloorswithbut alfecting the strength of the floor. 'The present application is a division of m eopending application Serial N o. 20,162, filed A 1419,1915.

n order'to meet the requirements of a thoroughly satisfactory void-producing core for use in floor construction the core must light in weight, stron and substantial, ca'- able of being manu actured in relatively ar sizes, uniform in size and shape, capab e of being easily and water-proof and non-conductive of sound.

Itis the object of my invention to produce a core which meets all of the above requirements and which is in every way superior to the devices heretofore in use for this pur- POSin the art.

Another further to produce concrete lioors` constructionthan has heretofore been ossisaving in material being efipected by the comparatively light weight of the cores employed.

Further objects and advantages of my in# a parent as it is better understood by lrefirence to the followin slpecification when t e accompanying drawing in which- Figure 1 is a perspective view of a comto be placed 'in position; ig. 2 is a vertical section of a floor showing the cores disposed side by side and the manner of applyung the lceiling plaster; and

Fig. 3 is a vertical -section through a sheet of plaster board of the type which I preferably employ in carrying out my invention.V Referring to the drawin 1 indicates generally a core of laster ard' provided object of my invention is of much lighter formin adapte to space the cores laterally when verized hardened plaster fitted into position, fire read in connection wit i 3, having flanges 4. supporting feet for the core and placed side by side as indicated in Fig. 2. The bottom 5, consisting of a sin le sheet of plaster board is secured to the iiganges 4 by means of clips 6 of which any suitable number may be employed. The clips are refer# ably of soft iron, easily bent in any esired direction. and are provided with upwardly extending tongues 7 adapted to be embedded in the concrete as indicated in Fig. 2.

The method of makin the cores is as follows: The plaster-ofaris, mixed with )vater to the proper consistency and containing'Z if desired, a certain proportion of pulwhich acts as an accelerator for the setting operation, is disposed between opposite sheets of a reinforcing material, preferably a wool felt, and the mass is subjected to pressure whereby the plaster is forced finto the interstices of the felt and becomes incorporated therewith to Patented Mar. 13,1917.`

or otherwise coated with afsuitable water,-

proofing material, such as pitch. The waterproofing material impregnates the surfaces of the molded core and not only waterproofs the structure but strengthens it to a considerable extent so that it is better able y -A to withstand rough usage inV shipment and the handling` -necessary during building operations. he molded portion of the core is assembled with the bottom sheets 5 and secured thereto by clips 6 at the job.l The bottom sheets 5 may be water-proofed if desired. y

I have described my method in its simlest formand iii connectionwith a plaster oard consistin of a layer of plaster covered on either side by a sheet of reinforcing material. If desired the plaster board may be Vmade as in Fig..3 and consisting of a plurality of layers-of Y laster 16 and reinforcing material 17. e resulting plaster board is molded to form the cores exactly as in the receding description.

Prefer-a ly the pressure to which the mass able rolls so that los l which continuous. In carrying out the meth'od the cores may-be molded in a continuous sheet of plaster board andy se arated after the plaster is hardened or, i -desired, the plaster board may be cut into desired lengths while the plaster -is still in the plastic condition and subsequently molded before the plaster hardens. In either case the water-proofing step will follow the drying operation after which the cores, which are out to uniform and standard sizes, are ready forshipment.

In the use of my invention a suitable false-work is erected which need comprise only beamsspaced at intervals equal to the width of the coresl and the cores with their bottoms secured in place by means of the clips 6 are mounted lin rows on the beams, end to end, and with the flanges 4 of adjacent rows engaging, as indicated in Fig. 2. Preferably the individual cores of adjacent rows are disposed in staggered relation so that the joints between the cores in the adjacent rows are not in the same line. When all of the cores are in place the reinforcing members 8 are placed in position and the concrete 9 is poured and allowed to harden.

vThe concrete enters the spaces between the 'adjacent rows of cores'and forms beam sections which, with the reinforcing members, support the load of the floor. The ceiling plaster 10 is applied directly to the bottom sheets 5 of the cores and owing to the nature of the reinforcing material the ceiling plaster forms avstrong bond with the sheets 5 which hold the plaster in position indefinitely.

Plaster board is comparatively light in weight and a saving of approximately twenty-five pounds per square foot in the Weight of the cores alone is possible where plaster board cores are substituted for the clay tile of the prior art. A further saving is. ell'ected in the amount of concrete and steel necessary to sustain. the dead-load of the loor and both ofthese savings are transferred in turn to the supporting columns may be correspondingly lighter. Cores of plaster board are also lighter than the cores of solid plaster, concrete or sheet metal of the prior art.

Cores of plaster board are strong and substantial, `u-ithstai'iding rough usage in shipment and setting, and are preferable to clay tile cores which are exceedingly britvtle and sheet metal cores which. are easily dented and deformed when repeatedly handled by careless workmen. Solid plaster cores are too fragile `for commercial use and cement cores are obviously too heavy for economica-l shipment.

Plaster board cores may be made in relatively large sizes o'f uniform shape and size, whereas claytile cores are limited in size owing to diliculty of firing. Clay tile cores are, even in the smaller sizes, always more or less warped and are, therefore, not uniform in shape. Sheet metal cores are' so deformed by handling that they are rarely of uniform shape when they reach the job. By the use of laster board cores longer spans are possible anda larger amount of space is thereby possible in a building of given size. The uniform shape of plaster board cores allows them to be more readily placed in position and inasmuch as the plaster board may be neatly cut and trimmed by means of ordinary carpenters tools'a considerable saving in labor is effected by the use of these cores rather thanthose of the prior art which are cut with difiiculty and are frequently spoiled during the cutting operation.

Plaster board is extremely resistant to fire and it will be readily understood from the foregoing description and by reference to the drawing, particularly Fig. 2, that by the use of my invention the under-side of the concrete is protected from fire by two layers of plaster board and in addition a large part of the under surface is further protected by the dead air space Within the cores. Furthermore should all or portions of the ceiling plaster be damaged, by fire for example, and the bottom sheets 5 thereunder be injured, the ceiling may be easily replaced or repaired by bending the clips and removing and replacing the lnjured sheets with newI sheets after which ceiling plaster can be applied to the new sheets as before. be done without -injury to the cores or floor structure and without necessitating theV replacement of any other parts than the bottom sheets, thereby greatly reducing the cost of replacing or repairingthe ceiling.

By the sse of cores having plaster board bottoms to which the ceiling plaster may be directly applied a material saving in the cost of plastering is effected. Wire lath has been universally used with metal domes as a -110 base to which the ceiling plaster is applied. This material invariably sags and a greater thickness of plaster rounds is required not only to securely bono? the plaster to the'wire .lath but also to obtain a Hat ceiling, it being 115 obvious that the distance ofthe wire lath surface from the lower sur-face of the Hoor greater at the center of the span than at its ends owing to the sag of the wire lath. When clay tile are used the ceiling surface is 120 uneven and irregular and an excessive amount of .plaster must be used to obtain uniform grounds. Plaster board not only bonds with the ceiling plaster without the necessity of providing openings into which 125 the plaster is forced as in wire lath and clay tile practice but also provides a flat surface throughoutthe span so that the thickness of the plaster grounds doesnot vary. The ceil- This Call plaster board than `to Wire lath nsince the plaster board presents a firm surface to the plasterer, whereas the wire lath moves up and down at each application of the plasterer`s tools.

The continuous ceiling surface eliminates the alternatelight and dark-lines caused by the depositingof dust in the air currents which pass through the clay tile and not through the denser concrete. Also rust stains from the metal lath are eliminated. (,vlay tile contains oxide. salts, etc., which work out to the surface of the plaster causing ellorescence and stains.

It is obvious that various changesmay be made in the form, construction and arrangement of the parts Without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention or.- sacrificing any of its material advantages, the form hereinbefore described being merely preferred embodiments thereof.

I claim:

l. A core for concrete and plaster conhaving a top and outwarc ly Haring integral sides of a width equivalent to the desired depth of said core, the lower edges ot' said sides projecting outwardly parallel to said top and forming flanges,a bottom consisting of a flat sheet of plaster board, and metal clips securing said bottom to said flanges.

CHARLES F. HENNING.

1Witnesses:

WM. O. BELT,4 M. A. KIDDIE.

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