US1217119A - Cutting-torch. - Google Patents

Description

J. HARRIS.

CUTTING TORCH. APPLICATION FILED 050. H. 1914.

Patented Feb. 20, 1917.

2 SHEETS-SHEET I.

J. HARRIS. cunmamacn. AP PLICATION FILED DEC. l7, 19M.

Patented Feb. 20, 1917.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

' ing action can be concentrated along a nar-'- row line, whereby the cutting can be ac-v JOHN HARRIS, 0F CLEVELAND, OHIO, ASSIGNOB TO (3A RIBO-JEISIIJIlR-OGEN COMPANY OF AMERICA, 0]! PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA, A CORPORATIONOF DELAWARE.

CUTTING-TORCH.

the use of an excess of oxygen.- It is the general purpose of this invention to provide a torch or burner of this character which shall be extremely efiicient and economical in operation and one wherein the cutting or burncomplished with a minimum loss of metal and with the production of a minimum amount of slag along the edges of the cut.

It is evident that a burner or blow'pipe possessing the capability of operation above described is one which is particularly efficient as well as economical in the amount of fuel employed, since the amount of gas required for cutting a very narrow .slot or slit is necessarily less than will be required in cuta wider one. I

A further object o vide a burner or tool the invention is to proof the character above described which is extremely convenient of operation; also a burner or tool of this type wherein the capacity can be conveniently varied at will, by the use of interchangeable tips of varying capacities. A further and more limited object of the invention improve the construction of the oxygen inconof valve for the pipe or conduit the separate jet of oxygen y invention consists further in certain details of construction whereby the foregoing results are accomplished and particularly to means whereby the flame may beconcentrated and the propagation of the flame within the burner andv the parts connectedthereto will be prevented.

Still further and more the inventionwill be de ned as consisting of the combinations of elements embodied in the claims hereto annexed and illustrated enerally speaking Specification of Letters Patent.

torch or blow pipe;

.head,'pipes extending and on.

Describing by reference characters thejva rious parts illustrated herein, A denotes genis to;

body a comprises sidered as being used in l in Fig. 1 and the terms PatentedIFeb. 2o, rear. sen mo.sme ls.

in the drawings forming part hereof wherein; Figure 1 is a side elevation of a burner torch or blow pipe constructed in accordance- 2 and 2 represent,

with my invention; Figs. conjointly, a longitudinal central sectional view through the burner torch or blow pipe shown in Fig. 1; Fi 3 is a rear end elevation of the same; .Fig. 4: is a side elevation of the inner tubular member of the tip which is used with and forming part of the burner Fig. 5 is a longitudinal sectional viewthrough the outer member of said tip; whileFigs. 6 and 7 are sectional details corresponding respectively to the lines 66, 7-7 of Fig. 2; Fig. 8 is a section on the line 8-8 of Fig. 2; and Fig. 9 is a sec v tional detail corresponding to the line 9-'9 of Fig. 3. i i

The construction illustrated in the aforesaid drawin and described in detail hereinafter, comprlses generally a burner head having passageways for. oxygen and a combustible gas (as hydrogen) an injector nozzle cooperating with the oxygen passageway bustible gas passageway, a detachable tip cooperating-with and forming part of said to the passageways in the head, a handle extending around said pipes, and valve mechanism associated with said handle oxygen and combustible gas may be regulated and the supply of oxygen to the oxygen passageway may be conveniently turned ofi' erally the burner head,- said head comprlsing a body 11 having a detachable tip a.

two branches which are preferably angularly disposed with refer-- erence to each other, the body being preferaloly a casting. For convenience of description, the burner or torch will be contheposition shown top. and bottom will be used accordingly. The branch 1 at the front of the body a comprises an annular wall or shell having its lower end reduced and exteriorly threaded, as shown" at 2,.

whereby theouter members of 1 th ig'detachable tips (to be described hereina ter) may be conveniently packed. 'The body a is provided with a wall forming the top of the.

chamber 3, which wall is bored, out

whereby the proportions of the The chamber thus formed by boring said wall,

extends a passageway '5, said passageway leading to the rear end of the burner head.

' The upper portion of the chamber 3 communicates with'a passageway 6 which passageway is enlargedat its rear end and internally threaded, as shown at 7, this in ternally threaded part of the passageway extending .to the rear end of the burner. head. Within the threaded partof the passageway thereismounted an injector nozzle, said no'zzle comprising the front nozzle portion 8 and the rear reduced. portion 9 having ahead 10, said head being knurled and provided with aslot 11 for convenience of manipulation. A packing washer 12 may be provided between-the head 10 and the adjacent rear endof the burner head. The

I nozzle proper 8 is provided with a central bore 13 extending from the front end to a' to be replaced by other injectors, varying 1n transverse passageway 14 which is adapted to communicate with a passageway 15 extendingfromthe bore 7 to the rear end of the burner head.- The front end of the nozzle is arranged above and substantially at the rear end of the passageway 16- which extends from the bore 7 to the rear endof the burnerhead. The injector 9 is conveniently removable from its passageway, enabling it capacity in accordance with the capacity of a particular tip that may be used in connection with the burner head;

The detachable tip' referred to hereinberises generally an outer frusto conlcal o tapered nozzle 17 and an inner tubular member18 which may be conveniently connected by-means of one on more pins indicated at 19 on Fig. 5 of the draw-- ing. The inner member of-the tip is provided at'its-upperf end with anexternal thread whereby it may be threaded into the internally threaded bore 4, thereby securing the tip as a whole in place. The threaded end of the inner member is indicated at 20.

I At a suitable distance below this threaded end and within the top of the outer nozzle. "or member 17,- the Inner member is provided with a" tapered projection 21which is adapted to form a close fit with. the inner wall of suchouter member 17 'ii'This projection 21 is' provided with aplura'lity of'slots, which 1 preferably extend from the outer-surface in- ,wardly as far as the. body of the said inner member. Four such slots 22 are shown and each ofthese slots is preferably substantially rectangular in section, for a purpose to be explained hereinafter. At its lowermost end, the inner tip member is provided'with a projection, indicated generally at 23, which I, 6 projection extends fromthe body of said member as far as and forms a close the lower end' of the inner wall of the outer member 17. The projection 23 is provided with a plurality of slots 24. Six such slots are shown, and these slots are also substan tially rectangular, in section. The construction of the tip, including the manner of forming the passageways for the mixture of gases supplied to the chamber ,3 contributes materially toward the production of a concentrated flamepf large heating etliciency whereby the rapid cutting or burning of. a narrow slit through the metal is accomplished without slagging; also to the prevention of the propagation of flame through said passages and. into the interior of the burner and the parts'connected therewith.

The particular shape of the passageways or slots formed .in the projection 23 secures a concentrated preheating flame, which confines the cutting operation to a narrow slit and enables such a narrow slit to be cut with a minimum amount of slagging. Furthermore, the particular shape of these slots or passageways entrains a larger amount of gas than is the case with slots of other shapes with which I am familiar, and keeps the preheating flame from blowing out under pressure.

It will be observed that the upper end of the member, 17 is of a diameter to form a comparatively close fit with the lower end of theshell 1 A non-leaking joint is provided between this outer member and. the shell by means ofa packing gland 25 threaded onto the lower end of the shell and containing packing 26 adaptedto bear against the lower end of said shell and to be compacted thereagainst and into the seam or joint formed between said shell and the ember 17. It will be obvious that the tip ghown herein may be replaced by others, similarly constructed,.but having difi'erent capacities of bores and passageways for the gases The rear end of the head A is shown as connected to three pipes 27, 28 and 29, these pipes being arranged to discharge into the'passageways 16, 15 and 5 respectively. The pipes are brought in close proximity to .each other and extend through a front plate 30 and into the'circular front end of a casting 31 A sleeve 32 unites the front end of said casting and the plate 30 and forms a handle. This handle, indicated generally at B, afi'ords convenient means for operating ,the burner or torch. .The casting. 31 at the rear; of the handle is'provided with a bore 33 communicating with the pipe 27 and with I therein. The rear end of the valve casing' is provided with a flexible tube B, said tube being for combustible gas (as hydrogen) through the valve casing.

31 is provided-with a hollow boss .37 having The rear casting it thereinto and carrying a spring 46 the opposite end whereof surrounds one end 47 of a valve stem, said stem having a valve 48 thereon adapted to be pressed against the seat 49 by said spring. It will be observed that the seat 49 is of frusto conical shape, thereby to ,prevent'the adherence of sediment thereto. The stem of the valve extends through one side of the casting, pass-. ing through a stufiing box comprising the packing 50 and the plug 51 threaded into the side of said casting. This plug forms the outer end of the passage and s there provided with the usual stuffing a guide for the valve stem. 52 denotes an angle lever the short branch whereof is pivotally connected to the lugs 53 and the rear end of the casting 31 and the longer branch whereof extends across the projecting end of the valve stem and alongside the tubular handle 32, in position to be conveniently and, in fact, automatically grasped when the operator picks up the torch by the handle.

Reference has been made to the oxygen. valve. This valve comprises a rotatable valve stem 54 which maybe threaded into or chamber 43 box 55. he outer end of this stem is provided wit a hand wheel 56 while the inner. end of the stem is reduced, as shown at 57, and provided with a spherical head 58. The needle point of the valve comprises a conical body 59 of such metal as is, best adapted to resist the action of the particular fluid or gas with which the, valve is to be employed. The end of this body opposite the point is preferably made shape, the internal diameter of the cylinder tightly against its seat; A sort being substantially equal to 'the external diameter of the spherical head 58, whereby. said head may enter the chamber or recess formed in the head of the valve point. end of the sleeve thus formed is spun or otherwise pressed inwardly so as to inclose the spherical head, leaving a certain amount of lost motion or play between the end of the body and the reduced part of the valve stem 57 In operation the valve point will engage its'seat'42 but, being rotatable withrespect to the valve stem, the subsequent turning of the valve stem will not rotate the valve point but will, nevertheless, force it of universal joint connection is thus provided between the valve stemand the val in cylindrlcal -I claimis:

The.

e point which enables this point to find its seat irrespective of imperfect workmanship on the valve stem and 'in the cooperating portion of the seat. This also permits the operator to renew the valve points or needles from time to time, as occasion may require without the necessity for throwing away the entire valve body. Obviously this construction enables the operator to use for his needles or.valve points an expensive metal, while reducing thecost of the valve as a whole by the employment of inexpensive metal in the remaining part. This construction possesses great advantages in connection with certain gases (such as hydrogen and oxygen) enabling valve points to be made from metals which are particularly well adapted to resist the action of such gases, but without the necessity of making the entire valve of such metal. A further advantage ofvthis construction is that the-valve point will not beworn by grinding upon its seat, as the valve point will not be rotated upon the seat through the rotation of the valve stem.

In operating the burner or torch in accordance with my invention, the valve bodies 36 and 54 are adjusted to such position as will insure the proper proportions of gases for the capacity of the particular tip may be required. The converging jets of gases having been cutting or burning by pressing w1ll be turned on by that j 1 95 ignited, the oxygen for "x the valve lever 52 toward the handle 32-an operation which is more or less automatically performed by grasping the handle. When it is desired to vary the capacity of the burner or tool, tips similar to that shown herein but of different capacity will be substituted, the valves 36 and 54 being adjusted in accordance with the capacity of such tips, and the cutting operation may be preceeded wit L The construction Gram block or casting 31, with the arrangement of the passageways and the means for controlling the flow of fluid therethrough to the passages of the blow pipe, constitutes the subject matter of my application No. 140,111, January 2, 1917 Having thus described my invention,

1. Ina burner of the character described, the combination of a head comprising a shell having a chamber in its front or discharge portion, a central bore at the rear of said chamber and a bore or passageway communicating with said chamber in central bore, a tip comprising an inner tubular member the rear end whereof cooperates with said central bgre and a nozzle member surrounding and 'discharge'portion of said tubular member, there being a passageway between said nozwhat connected to the front or front of said zle member and the bore of the tubular member,='and means for connecting said tip to said head with the passageway in the nozzle memrear end whereof cooperates with said seat,

a nozzle member surrounding the front portion of said tubular member and connected thereto, there being a passageway between said nozzle member and the bore of the tubular member, the nozzle member and the front end of the head having atelescopic connection, means for packing the joint at said connection, .and cooperating means carried by the rear end of the tubular member and the seat'for securing said member, and thereby the tip, to the head. v I

3 In a burner of the character described, the combination, with a head having a centrally arranged bore, an internally threaded seat in front of said bore, and a chamber in front of said seat, of a removable tip comprising aninner tubular member the rear end whereof is threaded for application to said seat and a nozzle member surrounding the front portion of said member and secured thereto, there being a passageway be- 40 .the combination, with a body or shell havtween said nozzle member and the bore of the tubular member, and means cooperating with the rear end of the nozzle and the front end of the head for forming a gas tight- '-joint therebetween,

the head being provided with a passageway communicating with said chamber.

4:. Ina burner of the character described,

ing a centrally arranged bore, a seat in front of said bore, and gas supply connections leading to said bore and to' a chamber in front of said seat, of a removable tip comprising an inner tubular member and an outer nozzle, said nozzle and tubular member being rigidly connected and provid-' .ing a passageway therebetween, means for securing the Inner member in sald seat with the rear end of the nozzle telescopically fitting the front end of the shell, and a packing gland surrounding said nozzle and con nected to the front end ofthe shell.

ing longitudinally toward 5.' In a burner of the character described, I

the combination of an inner tubular member having an outwardly projectingbodyat its discharge or delivery end, said body being provided with slots extending inwardly from the outer surface thereof and convergthe central portion of said member, said slots being rectangular in cross section, a nozzle surrounding said tubular member and engaging the outwardly projecting body and closing the in front of the in ector. I Y

9. A burner of the character described. having a passageway for conducting a mixouter ends of said slots, and gas supply connections communicating. with the nozzle and with theinner .tubular member.

6. A cutting torch comprising a tip having an oxygen supply duct and a plurality of converging longitudinally extended pas sages for the delivery of a mixture of pre heating gases grouped about the said duct,

.said passagesbeing substantially rectangular ing and cooperating therewith, a gas supply connection leading to the the outer member or shell having a passageway leading thereto, said passageway having a pair of longitudinally spaced ports, an injector plug removably mounted in said passageway and having a lateral port communicating with one of the aforesaid ports and a central'passageway arranged to dis-. charge in proximity to the other port, and a passageway leading to the last-mentioned port. I v 8. A burner comprising a head provided with a chamber. fora mixture of oxygen and a combustible gas and having a lateral projection extending from said chamber, said projection having a passageway therethrough leading to said chamber, the inlet portion of said passageway being'enlarged and threaded, an injector threaded into the enlarged portion of the passageway and having an operating device accessible from the outside of said projection, said injector being provided with a central bore and a lateral port communicating with said bore and said projection having a passageway leading to said port and a passageway leading to the enlarged part of the passageway ture of gases-thereto, said passageway having a said pasto communicate with one of the aforesaid ports and having a central bore extendingfrom its port and arranged to discharge in proximity to theYother passageway port, and a passageway leading to thelast-mentioned port, said injector having an operating head outside the burner body and a packing 'in-y ing increased at the discharge portientbeiwi' inner member,

pair of longitudinally spaced ports. therein, an injector threaded into sageway and having a lateral port adapted ber and forming ,jfective diameter of said ing increased at ber may engage said ,ing substantially rectangular in cross section and .the slots converging toward the bore of the central tubular member.

11. Av burner of the character described comprising a head havingacentral tubular member and a nozzle surrounding said member and forming a space therewith, the effective diameter of said-tubular member being increased at the discharge portion thereof and at a portion at the rear of such discharge portion whereby said inner member may engage said nozzle at such enlarged portions and said portions being provided with slots extending inwardly from the peripheries. of such enlarged portions, the

slots in the rear enlarged portion being of greater capacity and fewer in number than those in the enlarged front or discharge portion and the slots in the enlarged front por tion converging toward the bore of the tu-. bular member.

12. A burner of the character described comprising a head having a central tubular member and a nozzle surrounding said mema space therewith, the eftubular member bethe discharge portion thereof and at a portion at the rear of such discharge point whereby said inner member nozzle at such enlarged portions and said with slots, the slots in number than those in the enlarged front or portions being provided the rear enlarged por tion being of greater capacity and fewer in discharge portion and the slots in the enlarged front portion being substantially rectangular in cross section and converging toward the bore of the tubular member.

13. A cutting torch having in combination a central axial passageway and a plurality'of substantially rectangular passageways grouped about the central passageway and having their discharge ends in substantially the same plane as the ddisfiharge end of the central passageway an converging toward the central axial passageway, means for supplying oxygen to the central axial passageway, and means for supplying a. mixture of oxygen and a combustible gas through the surrounding passageways.

- 14. A burner of the character described,

comprising a head having a central tubular member, a nozzle surrounding said member and forming -a space therewith, the effective diameter of said tubular member being increased at the discharge portion thereof and at. a portion at the rear of such discharge portion whereby. said inner member may engage said nozzle at said enlarged portions, said portions being provided with passageways, the passageways 1n the rearenlarged portion being of greater capacity and fewer in number than those in the enlarged front or discharge portion and the passageways in converging toward the bore of the tubular member.

In testimony whereof, I hereunto aflix my signature in the presence of two w1tnesses.

10' the enlarged frontvportion

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