US1214886A

US1214886A - Carrying-over and clearing mechanism for calculating-machines.

Info

Publication number: US1214886A
Application number: US59222710A
Authority: US
Inventors: William H Brown
Original assignee: HH Franklin Manufacturing Co
Current assignee: HH Franklin Manufacturing Co
Priority date: 1910-11-14
Filing date: 1910-11-14
Publication date: 1917-02-06
Anticipated expiration: 1934-02-06

Description

W. H. BROWN.

CARRYING OVER AND CLEARING MECHANISM FOR, CALCULATING MACHINES.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 14 I910.

1,214,886. Patented Feb. 6,1917.

5 SHEETS-SHEET I.

W. H. BROWN.

CARRYING OVER AND CLEARING MECHANISM FOR CALCULATING MACHINES.

' APPLICATION FILED NOV. 14. I910. 1,214,886.

Patented Feb. 6, I917.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 2 WITNESSES:

W. H. BROWN.

CARRYING OVER AND CLEARING MECHANISM FOR CALCULATING MACHINES.

APPLICATION FIL'ED NOV. 14. I910.

1 14,886. Patented Feb. 6,1917.

5 SHEETSSHEET 3.

WITNESSES:

ATTORNEYS w. H. BROWN. CARRYING OVER AND CLEARING MECHANISM FOR CALCULATING MACHINES. 1,214,886.

7 I 9 .I 6 M 6 F d v 6 t H 8 I a D1 nw M 4- v 0 N D E L H N W T A C U DI P A 5 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

WITNESSES! ATTORNEYS W. H. BROWN.

CARRYING OVER AND CLEARING MECHANISM FOR CALCULATING MACHINES. APPLICATION 111w 110v.14. 1910.

1,214,886. Patented Feb. 6,1917.

5SHEETSSHEET 5.

f l I I TI I 1 1 I :1 51 T I g 1% 11 1 l 11 l H 11 1111 '1111111111111111111111111111111111111111 1 11 I1''I W I I 1;' 1 v1 v1 0 I 1 I I IQ? 1 I fla 1 1 1 01 N 11' '11 10. p I 1111111 111 N 0| 1 1 1 1% l1 2 l 0 IE] fi 11 O O O O Q) I a Il It) EIIIIEI 1111111 11111 111 I1 m J .1! l 1 I I WITNESSES:

- ATTORNEYS UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM H. BROWN, OF SYRACUSE, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO H. H. FRANKLIN MANU- FACTURING COMPANY, OF SYRACUSE, NEW YORK, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

CARRYING-OVER AND CLEARING MECHANISM FOR CALCULATING-MACHINES.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. 6, 1917.

Application filed November 14, 1910. Serial No. 592,227.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that 1, WILLIAM H. BRowN, of Syracuse, in the county of Onondaga and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Carrying-Over and Clearing Mechanism for Calculating-Machines, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to calculating ma chines apd has for its object the production of a particularly simple and efficient carrying over and clearing mechanisms therefor; and it consists in the combinations and constructions hereinafter set forth and claimed.

In describing this invention reference is had to the accompanying drawings in which like characters designate corresponding I parts in all the views.

Figures 1 and 2 are sectional. views, parts being omitted, of one form of a calculating machine provided with my carrying over and clearing mechanisms, coacting parts beare moving out of engagement with the controlling wheels.

Fig. 5 is a detail view of parts seen in the foregoing figures, showing one of the carrying over pawls as entering the deep notch of the corresponding calculating wheel.

Fig. 6 is a plan view of a plurality of parts seen in Fig. 5.

Fig. 7 is an elevation looking to the right of parts seen in Fig. 5, the calculating wheels being omitted.

Fig. 8 is a sectional view of a portion of the calculating machine showing the means for actuating the carriage for the calculating wheels.

Fig. 9 is a view of parts seen in Figs. 1 and 2, showing the parts of the carrying over mechanism in their positions occupied when being reset.

Figs. 10, 11 and 12 "are vertical sectional views of the clearing mechanism and contiguous parts.

Fig. 13 is a plan, parts being omitted, of

portions of the clearing mechanism, showing the relative position of parts seen in Figs. 10, 11 and 12, the means for controlling the actuation of the controlling elements and of the carriage for the calculating wheels being also shown.

Fig. 14 is an elevation of the actuating means shown at the right of Fig. 13.

Fig. 15 is an inner face view looking to the left in Fig. 13, of the operating member for the clearing mechanism, the rack with which the pawl .of said member coacts being also shown.

This calculating machine comprises controlling elements, calculating elements for cooperating with the controlling elements,-

carrying over mechanism, and clearing mechanism.

As here illustrated the controlling elements are a series of wheels, such as the wheel 1, mounted upon a shaft 2 and movable about the shaft into numerical positions determined by any one of a series of stops 3, such positions representing numeri; cal values from 0 to 9 inclusive; and the controlling series is shiftable laterally step by step into denominational positions, and each wheel, as illustrated by the wheel Lhas a series of peripheral gear teeth 4 extending partly around the periphery thereof. Each wheel 1 is held from movement about the shaft 2 under the influence of a,weighted portion 5, by a holding device 6, Fig. 1. The stops 3 are operated, the wheels 1 released one by one from the holding device 6, and the wheels controlled in their lateral shift; ing movement to the left into denominational positions, by keys, not shown. The wheels 1 are actuated in the reverse directi on to their starting position, by a rock arm 7, having a roller 8 mounted on a spindle 9 extending parallel to the shaft 2, which roller, during the actuation of the shaft 2, engages radial shoulders 10 on the Wheels 1 and returns the wheels to their starting position. The roller also depresses the previously-operated stops 3 totheir normal position. The construction and operation of the wheels 1, stops 3, and other parts appurtenant to the wheels 1, forms no part of my present invention, and for a full description thereof reference is had to my pending application, Sr. No. 565,197, filed June 6th, 1910, and also of my Patents Nos. 1,088,671, Feb. 24, 1914, and 1,122,191, December 22, 1914.

The calculating elements are supported by a movable carriage 11, here shown as comprising side arms 12 preferably pivoted as at 13, and a shaft 14 carried near the free ends of the pivoted arms 12, the carriage 11 being movable on its pivot for shifting the shaft 14 toward and from the wheels 1. The movement of the carriage is suitably timed with the rotation of the shaft 2, by operating means hereinafter described.

The calculating elements are preferably wheels 15 mounted side by side on the shaft 14 and connected thereto by suitable impositive locking means as friction ratchets, each consisting of internal teeth 16 and a pair of spring-pressed pawls as balls 17 cooperating with said teeth and arranged in transverse passages 18 in the shaft 14. These wheels 15 are provided with gear teeth 19, and are normally out of mesh with the wheels 1 and movable into and out of mesh therewith by the carriage 11. Each wheel 15 is also provided with ratchet teeth 20, a shoulder 21, here shown as taking the form of a long tooth, and with. a deep notch 22 between two of the" teeth.

As here illustrated the carrying over mechanism comprises a series of spring pressed members 23 for engaging. with the ratchet teeth 20 of the Wheels of the series 15, and holding parts 24 for normally holding the members out of position to engage with the ratchet teeth of the calculating wheels, one of these series being movable relatively to the other series, in order that the wheels 15 may be moved by the respective members during such relative movement. The engaging members 23 and holding parts 24 are for convenience of description called respectively, pawls and latches.

In this embodiment of my carrying over mechanism, the series of pawls 23 are fixed from movement toward the series of calculating wheels 15, and actuate the wheels 15 during the movement of the wheels 15 out of mesh with the wheels 1. Each latch 24 has one end engaged with a shoulder 25 on its companion pawl 23, nd its other end 26 arranged to be engaged by the shoulder 21 of the wheel 15 of next lower denomination than the wheel with which the companion pawl of said latch coiiperates, as when the calculating wheels are being rotated by said wheels 1 and the corresponding wheel 15 is at a predetermined point in its revolution, that is, at the completion of each revolution of a wheel 15, Fig. 5. Each pawl 23 is provided with means here shown as a laterally-extending lug 27, for engaging and tripping the latch 24 holding the pawl of next higher denomination when the pawl of lower denomination enters the deep notch 22 of the corresponding wheel 15.

As here shown, the pawls 23 are angular in form and are pivoted at 28 at their angles, one arm of each pawl being provided with an advance pawl tooth 29 and with a second tooth 30 in rear of the tooth 29, and the other arm or tail 31 being formed with the shoulder 25 with which the latch 24 cooperates, said arm or tail 31 being also formed with the laterally-extending lug 27 extending under the next latch to the left for tripping said next latch-when the tooth 29 of the pawl at the right enters the notch 22.

The pawls 23 are also formed with lugs 32 arranged above the latches 24 for engaging the latches and returning the same to their normal position when all the pawls 23 are being reset or cooked as hereinafter described.

The advance pawl tooth 29 engages one of the ratchet teeth 20, as seen in Fig. 3, and advances the corresponding wheel part of one step and then passes outof engagement therewith, and the rear tooth 30 engages the next tooth, Fig, 4, and advances the wheel the remainder of the step, completing the transferring operation from one wheel to the next. During the carrying over operations, the pawls 23 remain stationary and the advance of the wheel 15 to which a number is being carried is effected by the rearward movement of the series of wheels 15 with the carriage 11. However, the series of wheels 15 may remain stationary and the series of pawls 23 move as a whole toward and from the series of wheels 15.

' The latches 24 are also angular and pivoted at 33 at their angles, one arm of each latch being provided with the end 26 extending into the path of the shoulder 21, and the other arm being engaged with the shoulder 25 on the tail of the companion pawl. The pivot 28 for the pawls 23 and the pivot 33 for the latches 24 are shafts common'to all of said pawls and latches, respectively, and supported by the

frame elements

34 and 35, respectively. As best seen in Fig. 6, the pawls 23 are arranged in alinement with the ratchet teeth of the wheels 15, respectively, and the ends 26 of the latches 24 are arranged in alinement with the wheels which they engage, andsaid latches are bent int at 36 in order to bring their rear ends into position to engage the shoulders 25 of theircompanion pawls 23.,

The means for resetting the pawls 23 comprises a swinging bar 37, Figs. 1, 2and 9 extending crosswise of the tails 31 of the pawls, and movable into engagement therewith for moving the tails 31 of the pawls backwardly against the action of springs 38, and pressing the pawls 24 rearwardly until the shoul-.

ders 25 engage the ends of the latches 24. T1118 bar is carried at the end of arms 39 mounted on the rock shaft 28 upon which is also mounted an arm 40 having a cam 41- with which coiiperates a rock arm 42 provided on a rock shaft 43. The arrangement of the

arms

39 and 40 and the shape of the cam 49 are such that when the rock arm 42 is moved from its normal position, Fig. 1, it engages the cam 41 and moves the bar 37, as shown in Fig. 9, to first swing the tails 31 of the pawls 23 to their fullest extent, thereby carrying the, lugs 32 into engagement with the latches 24, and moving the latches 24 into operative position. The rock arm 42 neXt swings out of engagement with the cam 41, Fig. 2, permitting the bar 37 to be swung slightly in the reverse direction to withdraw the lugs out of engagement with the latches 24, Fig. 2, and then to its starting position. A spring 44, Figs. 1 and 2, resists the movement of the bar 37 by the arm 42, and normally holds the bar 37 in the position shown in Fig. 2. This spring may, however, be dispensed with.

The carriage 11 is moved forwardly on its pivot 13 toward the wheels 1 by a spring 45, Fig. 8, and in the reverse direction against the action of the spring by a shaft 46, which is usually hollow and mounted on the end 'of the shaft 2, said shaft 46 being provided with two

arms

47, 48, Figs. 13 and 14, ar-

rangedv at an angle to each other, that is located in different radial planes, one arm 47 cotiperating with a push rod 49 connected to the carriage 11, and the other arm 48 cooperating with a member 50 which engages the end of said other arm 48 after the carriage has been pushed rearwardly to its fullest extent by the arm 47. The arm 48 is here shown as an integral part of a cam 51 mounted on the shaft 46. This cam 51 is a part of the decimal mechanism forming the subject matter of my Patent No. 1,160,372,

' Nov. 16, 1915, and also included in my Patent No. 1,167,332, Jan. 4, 1916, and is of no importance so far as this invention is concerned.

The sleeve or shaft 46 is also connected to the fock shaft 43 by means of a gear wheel 52 and segment 53 mounted, respectively, on said

shafts

46 and 43, Figs. 8 and 13, and meshing with an intermediary 54. The sleeve or shaft 46 is suitably connected to the shaft 2 by a lost-motion connection, in order that the carriage 11 may be brought forwardly carrying the calculating wheels 15 into mesh with the controlling wheels 1 before the actuation of the controlling wheels 1 by the rock arm 7, has commenced. As

. the actuation of the shaft 2 by the shaft 46 forms no part of the present invention further description is deemed unnecessary and for a full description reference is made tomy Patent No. 1,167,332..

The operation of the carrying over mechanl-sm is as follows :WVhen nine is accumulated in the units wheel and one is added thereto, the longtooth or shoulder 21 will engage the first latch 24 when the units wheel turns one step, and the carriage is in its forward position, and said latch trips the pawl 23 co6perating with the tens wheel, permitting said tens pawl to engage the ratchet teeth 20 of the tens wheel during the rearward movement of the carriage and thereby move said tens wheel about the shaft one step. If the units and tens wheels have ninety-nine accumulated therein when one is added to the units wheel in which nine is accumulated, the deep notch 22 of said tens wheel will be opposite to the advance tooth 29 of the pawl cooperating with said tens wheel, asshown in Fig. 5, so that the tens pawl when unlatched will enter said deep notch 22, and its movement into said notch will be suiiicient to carry the laterally-extending lu 27 thereof into engagement with the latch 24 operating the pawl of next higher denomination, that is the pawl operating the hundreds wheel, so that the pawl of next higher denomination is in position to actuate the hundreds wheel during the retrograde movement of the carriage, carrying one hundred over to the hundreds wheel. Thus the pawls 24 are placed in position to carry over by the turning of the wheels 15, and operate to affect the carrying over during' the rearward movement of the carriage 11, the carrying over to all of the wheels 15 occurring simultaneously.

The clearing mechanism comprises means for rotating the shaft 14 and wheels 15 together.

As here shown the rear shoulders 30 of the pawls 23 are utilized to limit the reverse or negative rotation of the wheels 15 with the shaft 14 by engaging the shoulders 21 of the wheels, but when said shoulders 21 engage the rear shoulders 30, the wheels 15 are one step in a negative direction beyond their starting position and the shoulders 21 are in rear of the ends 26 of the latches 24, and said shoulders would trip the latches 24 at the first advance of the wheels 15 by the wheels 1. Consequently after the shoulders 21 of the wheels 15 engage the rear shoulders 30 of the pawls 23, said wheels are advanced in a positive direction to their 1 when the rock arm is, moving in one direction. Said means is here shown as a laterally-extending pin 60 on the segment 56, said pin 60 being engaged by the rock arm 58, when the rock arm is moving in one direction, in order to move the segment 56. The rock arm 58 is free of the segment 56 when moving in the other direction, and the tooth 59 at the end of the arm 58 meshes with the gear 57 and actuates the same one step in the reverse direction. The movement of the gear 57 by the segment 56 rotates the shaft 14 in a negative direction until the shoulders 21 of the wheels 15 engage the rear shoulders of the pawls 24, and the movement of the gear 57 one step by the arm 58 moves the wheels 15 in an advance direction until the shoulders 21 move in front of the ends 26 of the latches 24. The segment 56 falls by gravity to its starting position when the shaft 1%, gear 57 and calculating wheels 15 are carried forwardly by the carriage 11 during the first calculating operation.

The rotation of the shaft 14% in a reverse direction, is limited by a spring-pressed trailing pawl 61 which enters a notch in the shaft 1% when the shaft has been rotated sutficiently to carry the shoulders 21 of the wheels 15 against the rear tooth 30 of the pawls 2 1. This shaft is provided with a gear 62, Figs. 10 and 13, which meshes with a segment 63 on a rock shaft 64 projecting through the side plate of the main frame 65, the shaft 6 1 having a hand lever 66 at its outer end. The gear 62 merely transmits the movement of the shaft 64 to the shaft 55.

The hand lever 66 is arranged on the outer side of the main frame and is pr0- vided with a pawl 67, Fig. 15, which cooperates with a rack 68 supported on the main frame, for preventing retrograde movement of the lever when the lever is moved forwardly. Said pawl 67 is here shown as pivoted at 69'to the handle and is provided with a shoulder 70, and a pawl tooth 71, the latter coiiperating with the rack 68, the pawl being movable on its pivot '69 for throwing said tooth 71 into operative position when the lever is in its starting position, Fig. 15, and being movable on its pivot to move said tooth '71 out of operative position, when the lever 66 is at the end of its forward stroke, and is about to begin its rearward stroke. The pawl 67 is moved on its pivot by striking against shoulders 7 2 and 73 arranged to engage said pawl when the lever is in its starting position and when it is at the end of its forward stroke, the tooth 71 engaging the shoulder 72, and the shoulder engaging the shoulder 7 3 This pawl is held in either position by a friction lock here shown as a pin 74 provided on. a slide 75 movable in a guide 7 6 formed in the lever 66, said pin 74 cotiperating with sockets 77 formed in the pawl and sepanaiaeee rated from each other by a shoulder having inclined or cam faces 78. When the pawl 67 moves on its pivot 69 the pin 7 4 moves from one socket 77 to the other over the point formed by the shoulder. The movement of the pin 74: by the cam faces 78 is resisted by a spring 79 connected to the slide 75.

The operating lever 66 and shaft 61 are moved forwardly against the action of a spring 80, Fig. 10, said spring being here shown as connected to the frame 81 and to a lever 82 pivoted to the frame and engaging an eccentric pin 83 on the segment 63. The spring pulls the lever 66 to its starting position so as to shift the pawl 67 on its pivot.

The carriage 11 is held from forward movement when the segment 56 and gear 57 are in mesh by suitable means here shown as a latch 84 pivotally mounted between its ends on the shaft 55 contiguous to the gear 62, Figs. 10 and 13, one arm thereof having a hook 85 at its front end which engages a shoulder 86 on one of the side arms 12 of the carriage 11, and the other arm being weighted in order to tilt the latch 84 on its pivot and move the hook 85 into engagement with the shoulder 86.

The latch is moved on its pivot to disengage the hook 85 from the shoulder 86, and is held in its position shown in Fig. 10, by an eccentric pin 87 projecting from the segment 63, and acting on the weighted arm of the latch 841, as shown in dotted lines, Fig. 10.

The frame 81 supporting the clearing and calculating mechanisms is preferably detachable from the main frame .63, and is here shown as provided with forwardly-extending side arms 88, Figs. 10, 11, 12 and 13, to which the carriage 11 is pivoted and in which the shafts 13 and 6 1 are journaled, and with additional arms or lugs 89 shorter than the arms 88 in which the shaft 55 of the clearing mechanism is journaled. Said

shafts

43 and 64 are preferably arranged in alinement and the shaft 64 is here shown as hollow and mounted on the end of the shaft 43. The supplemental frame 81 is detachably secured in any suitable manner to the main frame.

What Iclaim is:

1. In a calculating machine, a series of independently movable calculating elements, carrying over mechanism comprising a series of independently movable members for coacting respectively with the calculating elements, and means for moving one series bodily toward and from the other during each operation of the machine, said elements and members having means arranged to engage and actuate the calculating elements to carry over during such bodily movement, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

, 2. In a calculating machine, a series of independently movable calculating elements, and carrying over mechanism comprising a series 'of independently movable members for cooperating with the calculating elements respectively and being normally out of position to cooperate therewith, and elements comprising parts normally holding said members from movement into operative position, the parts being arranged to release said members by the movement of the calculating elements and one series being movable toward and from the other during each operation of the machine to effect the cooperation of said elements and said members, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

3. In a calculating machine, a series of rotatable calculating wheels, each having a notch, and carrying over mechanism comprising members coacting with the wheels, respectively, and being normally out of operative position with respect to such wheels, and each member having means for entering the notch of its companion wheel at a predetermined point in the rotation of the wheel and also means for controlling the moving of the next member to the left into operative position when the member to the right enters the notch of its companion wheel, substantially as and 'for the purpose specified.

4. In a calculating machine, a series of rotatable calculating ,wheels, each having a shoulder and a notch, and carrying over mechanism comprising parts for coacting with the wheels, respectively, and normally extending into the path of such shoulders, said mechanism also including members for coacting respectively with the wheels and being normally out of position to coact with the wheels, and each of said parts having means for controlling the movement into operative position of the member coacting with the wheel of next higher denomination than the wheel with which said part cooperates, when said part is operated by the shoulder of the wheel of lower denomination, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

In a calculating machine, a series ofrotatable wheels, each having a notch and a shoulder, and carrying over mechanism comprising members coacting with the wheels, respectively, and being normally out of operative position with respect to the wheels, each member having a tooth arranged to enter the notch of its companion wheel at a predetermined point in the rotation of the wheel and also having means for controlling the moving of the member to the left into operative position, and parts for controlling the operation of said members into operative position, each part normally extending into the path of the shoulder of the wheel of the next lower denomination than the wheel with which the companion member of said part coacts, substan tially as and for the purpose described.

6. In a calculating machine, a series of calculating wheels having ratchet teeth associated therewith, and carrying over mechanism comprising pawls for coacting with the ratchet teeth, one pawl for each wheel and parts for cooperating, respectively, with the pawls and holding the pawls out of engagement with the teeth of the wheels, each part being arranged to be operated by the wheel of next lower denomination than the wheel with which the companion pawl of said part cooperates, and each pawl having means associated therewith for tripping the part which holds the pawl of next higher denomination, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

7. In a calculating machine, a series of calculating wheels having ratchet teeth associated therewith, and carrying over mechanism comprising pawls for coacting with the ratchet teeth, one pawl for each wheel, and parts for cooperating, respectively, with the pawls and holding the pawls out of engagement with the teeth of the wheels, each part being arranged to be operated by the Wheel of next lower denomination than the wheel with which the companion pawl of said part cooperates, and each pawl having a laterally extending lug for engaging and tripping the part which holds the pawl of next higher denomination, substantially as and for the purpose described.

8. In a calculating machine, a series of calculating wheels having ratchet teeth as sociated therewith, each wheel having a deep notch between two of its ratchet teeth, and carrying over mechanism comprising pawls for coacting with the ratchet teeth, one pawl for each wheel, and parts for cooperating,

respectively, with the pawls and holding the pawls out of engagement with the teeth of the wheels, each part being arranged to be operated by the wheel of next lower denomination than the wheel with which the companion pawl of said part cooperates, and each pawl having means associated therewith for tripping the part which holds the pawl of next higher denomination, when the pawl of lower denomination enters the deep notch of its corresponding wheel, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

9. In a calculating machine, a series of calculating wheels having ratchet teeth associated therewith, each wheel having a deep notch between two of its ratchet teeth, and carrying over mechanism comprising pawls for coacting with the ratchet teeth, one pawl for each wheel, and parts for cooperating, respectively, with the pawls and holding the pawls out of engagement with the teeth of the wheels, each part being arranged to be operated by the wheel of next lower denomination than the Wheel with which the companion pawl of said part cooperates, and each pawl having a laterally extending lug for engaging and tripping the part which holds the pawl of next higher denomination, when the pawl of lower denomination enters the deep notch of the corresponding wheel, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

10. In a calculating machine, a series of calculating wheels having ratchet teeth associated therewith, each wheel having a shoulder and also having a deep notch between two of the ratchet teeth, and carrying over mechanism comprising pawls for coacting with the ratchet teeth, one pawl for each wheel, and parts for cooperating, respectively, with the pawls and holding the pawls out of engagement with the teeth of the wheels, each part having one end engaging one of the pawls and its other end arranged in the path of the shoulder of the wheel of next lower denomination than the wheel with which the companion pawl of said part cooperates, and each pawl having means associated therewith for tripping the part which holds the pawl of next higher denomination when the pawl of lower denomination enters the deep notch of the corresponding wheel, substantially as and for the purpose described.

11. In a calculating machine, a series of calculating wheels having ratchet teeth associated therewith, each wheel having a shoulder and also having a deep notch between two of the ratchet teeth, and carrying over mechanism comprising pawls for coacting with the ratchet teeth, one pawl for each wheel, and parts for cooperating, respectively, with the pawls and holding the pawls out of engagement with the teeth of the wheels, each part having a portion engaging one of the pawls and another portion arranged in the path of the shoulder of the wheels of next lower denomination than the wheel with which the companion pawl of said part cooperates, and each pawl having a laterally-extending lug for engaging and tripping the part which operates the pawl of next higher denomination, when the pawl of lower denomination enters the deep notch of its corresponding wheel, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

12. In a calculating machine, a series of calculating wheels, each having a notch, and carrying over mechanism comprising a series of members for cooperating with the calculating wheels, respectively, and being normally out of position to cooperate therewith, and being movable into the notches when the notches are moved opposite to said members, and means comprising latches for normally holding said members from movement into operative position, each latch being operated to release its companion member by the wheel of next lower denomination than the wheel with which the companion member of saidlatch cooperates, and each member having means for releasing the latch which holds the member of next higher denomination when the member of lower denomination enters the notch of the corresponding wheel, and one of said series being movable as a whole relatively to the other, substantially as and for the purpose which its companion member cooperates,

and each member having means for tripping the latch which holds the member of next higher denomination when the member of lower denomination enters the notch of its corresponding wheel, and one series being movable as a whole relatively to the other series, substantially as and for the purpose described.

14. In a calculating machine, a series of calculating wheels, each having a shoulder and a notch, and carrying over mechanism comprising a series of members for cooperating with the calculating wheels, respec' tivelv. and being normallv out of position to cooperate therewith, and means comprising latches for normally holding said members from movement into operative position, each latch having a portion extending into the path of the shoulder of the wheel of next lower denomination than the wheel with which its companion member cooperates, and each member having a laterally extending lug for engaging and tripping the latch which holds the member of next higher denomination when the member of lower denomination enters the notch of the corresponding wheel, and one series being movable as a whole relatively to the other series, iiiulstantially as and for the purpose speci- 15. In a calculating machine, a series of calculating wheels having ratchet teeth associated therewith, each wheel having a shoulder and also having a deep notch between two of the ratchet teeth, and carrying over mechanism comprising pawls for coacting with the ratchet teeth, one pawl for each wheel, and means comprising latches for cooperating, respectively, with the pawls and holding the pawls out of engagement with the teeth of the ratchet wheels, each latch having a portion extending into the path of the shoulder of the wheel of next lower denomination than the wheel with which the companion pawl of said latch cooperates, and each pawl having a laterally extending lug for tripping the latch which holds the pawl of next higher denomination when the pawl of lower denomination enters the deep notch of the corresponding wheel, and one series being movable as a whole relatively to the other, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

16. In a calculating machine, a movable carriage, a series of independently movable calculating elements supported by and 'movable with the carriage, and carrying over mechanism fixed from movement with the carriage and operating to transfer during the movement of the carriage, substantially as and for the purpose described.

17. In a calculating machine, a pivoted carriage, a series of independently movable calculating elements carried by and movable with the carriage, and carrying over mechanism fixed from movement with the carriage and operating to transfer during the movement of the carriage on its pivot, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

18. In a calculating machine, controlling elements, a movable carriage, a series of independently movable calculating elements supported by and movable with the carriage into and out of connection with the controlling elements, and carrying over mecha nism fixed from movement with the carriage and operating to transfer during the move ment of the carriage out of connection with the controlling elements, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

19. In a calculating machine, a movable carriage, a series of calculating wheels supported by and movable with the carriage, each wheel having a shoulder associated therewith, and carrying over mechanism comprising pawls for actuating the wheels during the movement of the carriage, and latches for holding the pawls out of operative position, each latch having a portion arranged to extend into the path of the shoulder of the wheel of next lower denomination than the wheel with which the companion pawl of said latch cooperates, when the carriage occupies a given position, substantially as and for the purpose described.

20. In a calculating machine, a movable carriage, a series of calculating whee-ls supported by and movable with the carriage and having ratchet teeth associated therewith, and each wheel also having a shoulder, and carrying over mechanism fixed from movement with the carriage and comprising pawls for engaging, respectively, with the ratchet teeth of the wheels, and latches for normally holding the pawls out ported by and movable with the carriagev and having ratchet teeth associated therewith, and carrying over mechanism comprising pawls for coacting with the ratchet teeth, one pawl for each wheel, and parts for cooperating, respectively, with the pawls and holding the pawls out of engagement with the teeth of the corresponding wheels, the pawls and the parts being fixed from movement with the carriage, and each part having a portion thereof engaged with its companion pawl and another portion arranged to be operated by the wheel of next lower denomination than the wheel with which the companion pawl of said part cooperates, when the carriage has been moved to the limit of its movement in one direction and said wheel of lower denomination starts to rotate, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

22. In a calculating machine, a movable carriage, a series of calculating wheels supported by and movable with the carriage and having ratchet teeth associated therewith, each wheel having a shoulder and a deep notch between two of its ratchet teeth, and carrying over mechanism comprising pawls for coacting with the ratchet teeth, one pawl for each wheel, and latches for cooperating, respectively, with the pawls and holding the pawls out of engagement with the teeth of the corresponding wheels, the pawls and the latches each being angular in form and pivoted at their angles, each pawl having a tooth at the end of one arm for engaging the ratchet teeth, and each latch having one arm engaged with the other arm of its companion pawl and each latch having its other arm arranged to be engaged by the shoulder of the wheel of next lower denomination than the wheel with which the companion pawl of said latch cooperates when the carriage occupies a given position, and each pawl having means associated therewith for tripping the latch which holds the pawl of the next higher denomination, when the pawl of lower denomination enters the deep notch, substantially as and for the purpose described. I,

23. In a calculating machine, controlling elements, a movable carriage, a series of calculating'wheels supported by and movable with the carriage into and out ofvconnection with the controlling elements, the calculating wheels having ratchet teeth asso ciated therewith and each wheel having a shoulder and also having a deepnotch between two of its teeth, and carrying over mechanism comprising pawls for coacting with the ratchet teeth during the movement of the wheels with the carriage out of connection with the controlling elements, one pawl for each wheel, and latches for cooperating, respectively, with the pawls and holding the pawls out of engagement with the teeth of the corresponding wheels, the latches and pawls being fixed from movement with the carriage, and each latch having a portion thereof engaged with its companion pawl and another portion arranged to be engaged by the shoulder of the wheel of next lower denomination than the Wheel with which the companion pawl of said latch cooperates, when the calculating wheels have been moved into engagement with the controlling elements, and each pawl having a laterally extending lug for engaging and tripping the latch operating the pawl of next higher denomination when the pawl of lower denomination enters the deep notch,

substantially as and for the purpose speci- 24c. lln a calculating machine, a series of independently movable calculating elements, carrying over mechanism comprising a series of members for cooperating with the calculating elements and being normally out of positionto cooperate therewith, and means comprising parts for normally holding said members from movement into operative position, the parts being operated to release said members by the movement of the calculating elements, and one series having relative movement toward and from the other, operating mechanism for effecting the independent movement of the calculating elements and the relative movement of said series of calculating elements and carrying over members during the calculating operation for each example, resetting mechanism comprising means for engaging the released members and returning the same into engagement with their holding parts, and power-transmitting connections between the operating means and the resetting mechanism for actuating the resetting mechanism during each operation of the machine, substantially as and for the purpose described.

25. In a calculating machine, ,a series of calculating wheels having ratchet teeth associated therewith, carrying over mechanism comprising a series of pawls for coacting with the ratchet teeth, one pawl for each wheel, and means for cooperating respectively with the pawls for holding the pawls out of engagement with the teeth of the wheels, said series having relative movement toward and from "each other, operating mechanism for efiiecting the rotation of the calculating elements and therelative moveraiaese ment of said series of calculating wheels and carrying over pawls during the calculating operation for each example, resetting mechanism comprising means for engaging all of the released pawls and returning the same into engagement with their holding means at the end of each calculating operation, and power-transmitting connections between the operating means and the resetting mechanism for actuating the resetting mechanism during each operation of the machine, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

26. In a calculating machine, a series of calculating Wheels having ratchet teeth associated therewith, carrying over mechanism comprising a series of pawls for coacting with the ratchet teeth, vone pawl for each wheel, and means for cooperating respectively with the pawls for normally holding the pawls out of engagement with the teeth of the wheels, one series having relative movement toward and from each other, operating mechanism for eliecting the rotation of-the calculating Wheels, and the relative movement of said series of calculating wheels and carrying over pawls during the calculating operation for each example, resetting mechanism comprising means for engaging all of the released pawls and returning the same into engagement with their holding means at the end of each calculating operation, and power-transmitting connections between the operating means and the resetting mechanism for actuating the resetting operation during each single operation of the machine, the power-transmitting means comprising a part common to all of the pawls, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

27. In a calculating machine, a movable carriage, a series of calculating wheels supported by and movable with the carriage, carrying over mechanism comprising pawls for actuating the wheels during the movement of the carriage, and means cooperating, respectively, with the pawls and holding the pawls out of operative position, and resetting mechanism comprising means for returning the pawls into engagement with the holding means after the carriage has been returned to its starting position, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

28. In a calculating machine, a movable carriage, a series of calculating wheels supported by and movable with the carriage, each wheel having a shoulder associated therewith, carrying over mechanism comprising pawls for actuating the wheels during the movement of the carriage, one pawl for each wheel, and latches for holding the pawls out of operative position, each latch having a portion arranged to extend into the path of the shoulder of the wheel of next lower denomination than the wheel with which the companion pawl of said latch cooperates, when the carriage occupies a given position, and resetting mechanism comprising means for returning all the released pawls into engagement with their respective latches when the carriage has completed its movement, substantially as and for the purpose described.

29. In a calculating machine, controlling elements, a movable carriage, a series of calculating wheels supported by and movable with the carriage into and out of connection with the controlling elements, the calculating wheels having ratchet teeth associated therewith, and each wheel having a shoulder and also having a deep notch between two of its teeth, carrying over mechanism comprising pawls for coacting with the ratchet teeth during the movement of the wheels with the carriage out of connection with the controlling elements, one pawl for each wheel, and latches for cooperating, respectively, with the pawls and holding the pawls out of engagement with the teeth of the corresponding wheels, each latch and pawl being pivoted between its ends and each latch having one arm engaged with one arm of the companion pawl of said latch, and the other arm of said latch being arranged to be engaged by the shoulder of the wheel of next lower denomination than the wheel with. which the companion pawl of said latch co'o'perates, when the calculating wheels have been moved into engagement with the controlling elements, and each pawl having a laterally-extending lug for engaging and tripping the latch holding the pawl of next higher denomination when the pawl of lower denomination enters the deep notch, and resetting mechanism comprising means for engaging all the unlatched pawls and returning the same into engagement with their respective latches after the carriage has completed its movement, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

30. In a calculating machine, a series of calculating wheels having ratchet teeth associated therewith, and carrying over mechanism comprising pawls for engaging,

respectively, the ratchet teeth of the wheels,

each pawl having an advance and a rear tooth, the advance tooth coacting with a tooth of the corresponding wheel to actuate said wheella portion of one step,'and the rear tooth subsequently engaging another tooth of said wheel for completing the advance of the same, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

31. In a calculating machine, a movable carriage, a series of calculatingtwheels supported by and movable with the carriage and having ratchet teeth associated therewith, and carrying ov er mechanism fixed from movement with the carriage and comprising pawls for engaging, respectively,

shaft, calculating wheels mounted on'and movable about the shaft in one direction, means for moving the wheels about the shaft in such direction, clearing mechanism for moving the shaft and wheels together in the opposite direction, impositive means for locking the wheels and the shaft together,

and means for limiting rotation of the wheels by the shaft, such impositive locking means permitting rotation of the shaft within one or more of the wheels and to rotate other wheels therewith until stopped by the limiting means, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

33. In a calculating machine, a rotatableshaft, calculating wheels mounted on and movable about the shaft in one direction,

means for moving the wheels about the shaft in such direction, impositive means for locking the wheels and the shaft together,

clearing mechanism for moving the shaft and wheels together in the opposite direction, and pawls for limiting the rotation of the wheels by the shaft, the impositive locking means operating to permit rotation of the shaft in one or more of the wheels after such wheels have been stopped by the pawls, and to cause the shaft to rotate the other wheels relatively to the stopped wheels until such other wheels are limited by, the pawls, substantially as and for the purpose described.

34. In a calculating machine, a rotatable shaft, calculating wheels mounted on and movable about the shaft in one direction, the calculating wheels having ratchet teeth associated therewith, and each wheel having a shoulder, controlling elements for moving the wheels about the shaft, carrying over mechanism comprising pawls for engaging, respectively, the ratchet teeth of the wheels, each pawl having an advance and a rear tooth, clearing mechanism for moving the shaft and wheels together in the opposite direction until the shoulders thereof engage the rear teeth of the pawls, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

35. In a calculating machine, a rotatable shaft, calculating wheels mounted on and movable with the shaft inone direction, each wheel having a shoulder, means for moving the wheels about the shaft in such direction, carrying over mechanism including parts which are arranged, when in operative position, in position to be engaged by said shoulders during the initial movement of the wheels from their starting positions,

stop means located in the rear of the engaging points of said parts and clearing mechanism for moving the shaft and wheels together in the opposite direction until the shoulders thereof are engaged with the stop means and then in the first-mentioned dicomprising pawls for engaging the ratchet teeth of the wheels for actuating said wheels, latches for normally holding the pawls out of operative position, each latch having a portion arranged to be engaged by the shoulder of the corresponding wheel during the rotation of said wheel, and clearing mechanism for rotating the shaft and wheels together in the opposite direction until the shoulders engage the pawls, and then rotating the shaft and wheels in a forward direction until said shoulders are in front of the latches, substantially as and for the purpose described.

37. In a calculating machine, a rotatable shaft, calculating wheels mounted on the shaft and movable about the shaft in a forward direction, the calculating wheels having ratchet teeth associated therewith and each wheel having a shoulder, controlling elements for moving the wheels about the shaft in one direction, carrying over mechanism comprising pawls for engaging, respectively, the ratchet teeth of the wheels, each pawl having a front and a rear tooth for coacting with the ratchet teeth of the corresponding wheel consecutively and effecting a single advagze, latches for normally holding the pawls ofit of operative position, each latch having a portion extending in front of the pawls and arranged to be engaged by said shoulder of the corresponding wheel during the rotation of said wheel, and clearing mechanism for rotating the shaft to carry the wheels in the opposite direction until the shoulders engage the rear shoulders of the pawls, and then in a forward direction until said shoulders are in front of the latches, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

38. In a calculating machine, a, rotatable shaft having a gear thereon, wheels mounted on and movable about the shaft in one direction, means for moving the wheels about the shaft in one direction, and clearing mechanism for moving the shaft and the wheels in the opposite direction beyond the starting position of the wheels and then in the first-mentioned direction to the starting position of the wheels, the clearing mechanism including a rockshaft, a toothed member loosely mounted on the rock shaft for meshing with said gear, a part fixed on the rock shaft and having a tooth for meshing with said gear,- and a connection between the toothed element and said part whereby said part is free of the segment when moving in the opposite direction, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

39. In a calculating machine, toothed controlling elements a movable carriage including a rotatable shaft, a series of toothed calculating wheels supported by and movable with the carriage into and out of mesh with the controlling elements, said wheels being movable about the shaft in one direction by the controlling elements, the calculating wheels having ratchet teeth associated therewith, and each wheel having a shoulder, carrying over mechanism comprising pawls for coacting with the ratchet teeth during the movement of the wheels with the carriage away from the controlling elements, latches for holding the pawls out of position to engage the ratchet teeth, each latch having a portion extending in front of the pawls in position to be engaged by the shoulder of the corresponding wheel during the turning of said wheel by a controlling element, and clearing mechanism for rotating the shaft and wheels together in the opposite direc tion until the shoulders engage the pawls and then in the first-mentioned direction until the shoulders are in front of the latches, substantially as and for the purpose described.

40. In a calculating machine, toothed controlling elements, a movable carriage including a rotatable shaft having a gear wheel mounted on and rotatable therewith, a series of toothed calculating wheels supported by and movable with the shaft into and out of mesh with the controlling elements, said wheels being movable about the shaft in one direction by the -controlling elements, each calculating wheel having a shoulder, pawls for coacting with said shoulders, and clearing mechanism for rotating the shaft and and rock arm whereby the segment is actuated by the arm in one direction and the arm is free of the segment when moving in the opposite direction, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

41. In a calculating machine, toothed con-' trolling elements, a movable carriage including a rotatable shaft having a gear wheel mounted thereon and rotatable therewith, a series of toothed calculating wheels mounted on the shaft and movable by the carriage into and opt of mesh with the controlling elements, said wheels being movable about the shaft in one direction by the controlling elements, the calculating wheels having ratchet teeth associated therewith and each wheel having a' shoulder, carrying over mechanism comprising pawls for coacting with the ratchet teeth during the movement of the wheels With the carriage away from the controlling elements, latches for holding. the pawls out of position to engage the ratchet teeth, each latch having a portion arranged to extend in front'of the pawls and in position to be engaged by the shoulder of the corresponding wheel during the turning of said wheel by the corresponding element, and clearing mechanism for rotating the shaft and wheels together in the opposite direction until the shoulders engage the pawls, and then in the first-mentioned direction until the shoulders are in front of the latches, said mechanism including a rock shaft fixed from movement with the carriage, a segment loosely mounted on the rockshaft for meshing with said gear wheel, a rock arm on the rock shaft and having a tooth for meshing with said gear, and a connection between the segment and the rock arm whereby the segment is actuated by the arm in one direction and the arm is free of the segment when moving in the opposite direction, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

42. In a calculating machine, a rotatable shaft, calculating Wheels mounted on and movable about the shaft in one direction, means for moving the wheels about the shaft in such direction, clearing mechanism for moving the shaft and wheels in the opposite direction, impositive means for locking the shaft and wheels together, and means for limiting the rotation of the wheels, the impositive means operating to permit rotation .of the shaft within one or more of the wheels when the same have been limited from further rotation with the shaft, and to cause the shaft to rotate the other wheels therewith until such wheels are limited in their rotation, and means for preventing the rotation of the shaft in a retrograde direction after all of the calculating Wheels have been limited, substantially as and fon the purpose specified.

43. In a calculating machine, a rotatable shaft having a peripheral socket, calculat1ng positive means for locking the shaft and wheels together, and means for limiting the rotation of the wheels, the impositive means operating to permit the shaft to rotate within one or more'of the wheels when the same have been limited from rotation relatively with the shaft and to cause the shaft to rotate the other wheels therewith until such wheels are limited in their rotation, and means for preventing the rotation of the shaft in a retrograde direction after all of the calculating wheels have been limited, the means for limiting the rotation of the shaft comprising a spring-pressed pawl for entering the socket in the shaft, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

44. In a calculating machine, a rotatable shaft, calculating wheels mounted on the shaft and movable about the shaft in one direction, each wheel having a shoulder, controlling elements for moving the wheels about the shaft in such direction, impositive means for locking the wheels and the shaft together, and a pawl for normally preventing rotation of the shaft with the wheels in such direction, clearing mechanism for moving the shaft and wheels together in the opposite, direction, pawls for engaging the shoulders of the wheels and limiting the rotation of the wheels .with the shaft, the impositive locking means serving to permit rotation of the shaft relatively to one or more of the wheels when such wheels have been limited by the pawls, and to cause the shaft to rotate the other Wheels until limited by such pawls, substantially as and for the purpose described.

45. In a calculating machine, a series of controlling elements, a movable carriage, a series of calculating elements supported by the carriage and movable thereby into and out of connection with the controlling elements, carrying over mechanism cooperat ng with the calculating elements, operating means for controlling the movement of the carriage to carry the calculating elements into and out of connection with the controlling elements, clearing mechanism, and a lock operated by the clearing mechanism for preventing movement of the carriage during the clearing operation and thereby preventing movement of the' calculating elements into connection with the controlling elements, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

46. In a calculatin machine, a movable carriage, a series of ca culating elements supported by the carriage, carrying over mechanism cooperating with the calculatlng elements, and clearing mechanism including 'two shafts, power-transmitting parts concarriage, and its other end arranged in the path of said shoulder, substantially as and for the purpose described.

47. In a calculating machine, a series of toothed controlling elements, a movable carriage, a series of toothed calculating elements supported by and movable with the carriage into and outof mesh with the controlling elements, means for controlling the movement of the carriage for carrying the calculating elements into mesh with the controlling elements, carrying over mechanism cooperating with the calculating elements, clearing mechanism, and a catch operated by the clearing mechanism for preventing movement of the carriage during the operation of the clearing mechanism, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto signed 'my name in the presence of two attesting witnesses, at Syracuse, in the county of Onondaga, in the State of New York, this 24th day of October, 1910.

WILLIAM H. BROWN.

Witnesses:

S. DAVIS, .F. B. SMITH.