US1212446A

US1212446A - Movable plate applicable to the manufacture of positive cinematograph-films and process of obtaining the same.

Info

Publication number: US1212446A
Application number: US2945415A
Authority: US
Inventors: Abel Boularan Dit Deval
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1915-05-20
Filing date: 1915-05-20
Publication date: 1917-01-16
Anticipated expiration: 1934-01-16

Description

A. BOULARAN DIT DEVAL.

MOVABLE PLATE APPLICABLE TO THE MANUFACTURE OF POSITIVE CINEMATOGHAPH FILMS AND PROCESS OF OBTAINING THE SAME.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 20, I915.

1 ,2 l 2,%6 Patented Jan. 16, 1917.

Fig.2

o o C) Q I O (D O o AZQZ-2II'ZM'MZ XENEZLZ ATTUF 'NEY WEED dTATES ABEL BOULARAN, nrr DEVAL, F PARIS, FRANCE.

MOVABLE PLATE APPLICABLE TO THE MAN UFACTURE OF POSITIVE CINEMATOGRAPH- FILMS AND PROCESS OF OBTAINING THE SAME.

Application filed May 20, 1915.

To all whom it may mneern lie it known that l, Anni. Boumuax, (Z'it Devan, a citizen of the Republic of France,

residing at Paris, France, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Movable Plates Applicable to the ll'lanufacture of Positive Cinematograph-Films and Processes of Obtaining the Same, of which the following is a specification.

The Sohier process of printing with gelatinous inks, more particularly applicable to the manufacture of positive cinematograph films, is well known. This system is characterized by the use of a block in relief 15 which also has the shape of a flexible band or film and is intended to receive printing ink in order to deposit it on the band or film to be printed during the passage through a rolling train. This block has been called by the inventor a movable plate, and several processes have been described for manufacturing it of celluloid or other similar material.

The present process chiefly consists in producing on a positive photo-print itself the reliefs to be utilized in the rest of the operations, so that the movable plate obtained should comprise a negative in relief superposed on a black positive, the invention residing not only in such process itself,

but also in the plate produced thereby.

The process is as follows:\/Vh'en a positive band or film mounted on a support of any suitable material the like is available, the front face of the said band (that is to say, the face provided with the gelatin layer) is coated with bichromated gelatin melted hot (which is known not to be sensitive in that state). When the 40 layer thus described has begun to set through cooling, to the still viscous surface is applied a band of black paper called aiguille and the composite or laminated band or film thus prepared, is dried in the dark. The

back of said positive film is then exposed to light for the desired time.

the action of The exposure, which may be effected while the film is either fiat or wound on a cylinder,

in passing through the positive image, produces as is Well known, a gradual insolubilizing of the layer of bichromated gelatin.

7 This layer, as soon as it has been so exposed, is subjected to the action of a suitable mordant so as to prepare for the subse uent washing away of the non-exposed port ons. To that Specification of Letters Patent.

such as celluloid or 'a band of black Patented Jan. 16, 191?.

Serial No. 29,454.

end, the cylinder on which the film is wound, could be for instance dipped into a bath of calcium hypochlorite or other mordant. This operation which does not leave any visible trace, and may be considered as a latent development, is nevertheless indispensable, in order to enable the washing away which takes place subsequently, to be carried out to its extreme limits, and to on able the maximum fineness to be obtained. During the operation, the black paper band secured at the beginning of the operation, as already stated, to the gelatinous layer, becomes detached and drops ofi. The Washing away is then effected in any well known method, as for instance by immersion in hot water. It is followed by tanning the reliefs for the purpose of hardening them, whereupon the film is finally dried. By way of example, the following method may be given for carrying out the tanning in question:

The film or band is dipped into a bath of potassium bichromate, then exposed to the sun, dried, dipped again into a solution of chrome alum, dried and finally dipped into a bath of formol and dried. The movable .plate of the Sohier process is thus constituted; for utilizing it, it'is merely necessary to mount it on a photoglyptic continuous printing press, and to ink it with colored gelatinous solutions.

Instead of coating the positive band with bichromated gelatin, it could be covered with a band of gelatin ready made. To' that end, it would be sufiicient to immerse the positive band in a bath of suitable composition, adapted to render the surface slightly viscous. The two bandswould then simultaneously immersed in a batli of hichromate, the composition of which is well known, and they would bewithdrawn together, gelatin against gelatin, the air bubhles occluded between the said twobands being expelled for instance by means of a rubber roller; Moreover, as already stated, ap'er would be applied to thefree face of t e gelatin. The remaining operations would bathe same as before. the other hand, to the process just described, the positive band or film becomes a permanent part of the movable late. Ifit is desired to leave On' it will be seen that accordin the said ban available, it is obvious that'it could be utilized for printing on mindependent band of bichroinated I gelatin, ,lithe a White line on ness. This double marginal band which, dun ing the photoglyptic printing, guides and supports horizontally the pressure roller, insures the greatest possible uniformity in the deposit of the colored gelatinous ink. According to the process just described, it is sullicient, in order to form the, said marginal edges by photographic process. to leave each of the edges of the:- so that the layer of bichromated gelatin which is situated on the said lines, is rendered insoluble when exposed to the sun, and does not disappear at the moment of Washing away. Finally, it

following a method dewould be possible, 7

process described, to propositive block,

rivedfrom the dues in the known Way and with the aid of a positive film. a negative film, and to utilize the latter film for rendering, insoluble, according to the said described process, a hand of bichrornated gelatin; this hichro-- mated gelatin band, after treatment, would be laminated, "while hot, to a celluloid band, on which the reliefs of the said gelatin band would be transferred in an ll'lYGlllQCl manner, the celluloid hand then becoming the movable printing plate. It goes Without saying that in such a case the double marginal band must be drawn in black on the positive, instead. of being drawn in White. l-Zet'ercnce may he had to the accompanyrowing, forming a partof the specification. in which drawing Figures 1 and 2 are, respectively, a. transverse section and a fragmental plan View, on an enlarged scale, of a printing plate constructed in accordance ith my inv n tion, Fig. 1 being taken on line AB of Fig. 2.

It will be assumed that the subject represented by this plate comprises a mountain. the sea. a boat on the sea, and clouds in the sky. The section line passes through the mountain, the slcy and one of the clouds; and it will be observed that in the sectional View, the part c/,-/) corresponding to the mountain forms a. hollow or depression which, at the instant of printing, will be filled with ink and Will produce upon the lihn a shadow or shaded portion which Will have different tones or depths from a to Z). From 7) to c, the section passes straight across the sky, so that this part 7). a, will he in relief of maximum height, corresponding" to absolute White, and, at the instant of printing, will give no trace of ink Whatever upon the film. From to (Z, the section passes across the cloud; the tone or color of this part 0, a, will be intermediate that of the mountain and that of the sky, so that the desired time the hollow or depression. as seen in Fig. 1, is less pronounced. than that of the yet is still an actual depression which Will be filled with a thin layer of ink, so to produce upon the film a grayish tint corresponding to that of the cloud. From (Z to e, the section again passes straight across the sky, so that the same remarks apply to this part as to the part c. On the edges, where the perforations are formed, the plate has relief portions corresponding to the ab solute white of the above-mentioncd parts 5, c and (Z, 6, these relief portions are those which are hereinabove termed the marginal bands.

Claims:

1. A process of manufacturing movable plates applicable, with the aid of suitable inlzg, to the continuous printing of positive ciuematograph films, on supports of transparent material, consisting essentially in: applying to the front face of a positive photo-print film a layer of bichromated gelatin; applying to said layer, While still viscous. a strip of black paper; exposing for the desired time to the action of light, after drying, the back of the band thus prepared, so as to effect a gradual insolubilizing of the gelatin layer through the said film subjecting the gelatin layer, after having been so exposed to the light, to the action if a mordant for preparing for the subsequent washing-away of the non-exposed portions; effecting such Washing-away by immersion in hot Water; and finally hardening by tanning the reliefs thus obtained, and definitely) drying the band.

2. A process of manufacturing movable plates applicable, with the aid of suitable inks, to the continuous printing of positive cinenmtog'raph films. consisting essentially in: applying to the front face of a positive photo-print film a layer of bichromated gelatin applying cons, a strip of black paper; exposing for to the action of light, after drying, the hack of the hand thus prepared, so as to el'lect a gradual insolubilizing of the gelatin layer through the said. film; subjecting the gelatin layer, after having been so exposed to the light, to the action of calcium lrvpochlorite, for preparing for the subsequent washing-away of the non-exposed portions: el'l'ccting such washing-away by immersion in hot water: and finally hardening ln tanning the reliefs thus obtained, and. definitely drying the band.

process of manufacturing lno'vable plates ap ')lical)le, with the aid of suitable in ks. to the continuous printing of positive cincmatograph' films, consisting essentially in: applying to, and uniting by pressure with, the front face of a positi i 'e photo-print film a hand of bichroinated gelatin, the contacting surfaces of said film and said gelatin part a, 6,

to said layer, while still visar ss positive film; subjecting the gelatin layer,

after having been so exposed to the light, to the action of a mordant, for preparing for the' subsequent Washing-away of the nonexposed portions; efiecting such washingaway by immersion in hot Water and finally tanning the reliefs thus obtained by successively dipping the band so prepared in a bath of potassium bichromate, exposing it to the action of light, drying it, dipping it in a bath of chrome alum, again drying it, dipping it in a bath of formol, and definitely drying it.

4. A process of manufacturing movable plates applicable, with the aid of suitable inks, to the continuous printing of positive cinematograph films, consisting essentially in: applying to the front face of a positive photo-print film a band of bi'chromated gelatin; applying to the outer'surface of said gelatin band, said outer surface having previously been rendered viscous, a strip of black paper; exposing for the desired time to the action of light, after drying, the back of the positive film, While the said gelatin band is kept against the front of said film, so as to eil'ect a gradual insolubilizing of the gelatin hand through the said positive film; separating said positive film from said gelatin band, after the latter has been so exposed to the light; subjecting the gelatin band to the action of calcium hypochlorite, for preparing for the subsequent Washing-away of the non-exposed portions; effecting such Washing-away by immersion in hot vvater; and finally tanning the reliefs thus obtained by successively dipping the band so prepared in a bath of potassium bichromate,

opposing it to the action of light, drying it, dipping it in=a bath of chrome alum, again drying it, dipping it in a bath of formol,

and definitely drying it.

5. The herein-described process of manufacturing movable plates applicable, with the aid of suitable inks, to the continuous printing of cinematograph films, consisting essentially in: applying to the front face of a photo-print film a band of bichromat'ed gelatin; applying to the outer surface of said gelatin band, said outer surface having previously been rendered viscous, a strip of black paper; exposing for the desired time to the action of light, after drying, the back of said photo-print film, while the said gelatin band is kept against the front of said film, so as to efiect a gradual insolubilizing of the gelatin band through the said photo-print film; separating said photo-print film from said gelatin band, after the latter has been so exposed to the light; subjecting the gelatin band to the action of a mordant, for preparing for the subsequent washing-away of the non-exposed portions; effecting such washing-away by immersion in hot water;

and finally hardening by tanning the reliefs thus obtained, and definitely drying the band.

6; The herein-described process of manufacturing' movable plates applicable, with the aid of suitable inks, to the continuous printing of cinematograph films, consisting essentially in: forming a marginal trans parent band on each edge of a positive photo-print film; applying to the front face of said film a layer of bichromated gelatin; applying to said layer, While still viscous, a strip of black-paper; exposing for the desired time to the action of light, after drying, the back of the band thus prepared, so as to effect a gradual insolubilizing of the gelatin layer hrough the said film; subjecting the gelatin layer, after having been so exposed to the light, to the action of a mordant, for preparing for the subsequent Washing-away of the non-exposed portions; effecting such wast ng-away by immersion in hotiwater; and final y gardening by tanning the reliefs and marginal bands thus obtained, and definitely drying the band.

7. A movable plate applicable with the aid of suitable inks, to the continuous printing of positive cinematograph films, on suitable supports, comprising a continuous band of bichromated gelatin formed upon a positive film of indefinite length mounted on a flexible support, said gelatin band having hollows and reliefs which correspond, respectively, with the shadows and lights of the object, said hollows and reliefs being produced during drawing of the band through the printing press.

In testimony whereof I ailix my signature.

ABEL BOULARAN, DIT DEVAL