US1205149A - Wrench. - Google Patents

Description

' WITNESSES:

gym-

vR. Y. BOVEE.

WRENCH.

' APPLICATION FILED JUNE 19. 1913.

Patented Nov. 21, 1916.

INVENTOR.

RAN-$0M Y. BOVEE, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO IMPERIAL TOOL COMPANY, OF BLOOMINGTON, ILLINOIS.

WRENCH.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 21, 1916.

Application filed June 19, 1913. Serial No. 774,575.

Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Wrenches, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to new and useful improvements in wrenches of the type in versible cap. The latter is provided with two distinctive faces, one of which is plain and adapted to extend parallel to the working face of the fixed jaw for use in gripping angular objects such as square or hexagonal nuts, while the other is formed with transverse serrations and designed to extend slantingly with relation to the face of the stationary jaw for the purpose of adapting the wrench for use in gripping pipes and other round or cylindrical objects.

The jaw stock and operating handle of my improved wrench are pivotally connected and provided with a ratchet wheel and a therewith cooperative spring-held pawl by the adjustment of which the angu lar relation of the handle to the stock can be changed to any of a plurality of predetermined positions. A simple device normally locks the pawl in engagement with the teeth of the ratchet for the rigid connectionof thestock and the handle and the said device may be adjusted by pressure of the hand to release the pawl to either vary the angle between the handle and the jaw stock, or to adapt the instrument for use as a ratchet wrench which can be operated in either direction.

An embodiment of my invention has been illustrated in the accompanying drawings in'the various views of which like parts are similarly designated, and in which- Figure 1 represents a sectional elevation of my improved wrench, Fig. 2, a longitudlnal section taken along the line 22, Fig. 1, lug. 3, an elevation of the aw stock with the adjustable cap of the movable jaw in the reversed position, Fig. 4L, a fragmentary end view looking in the direction of the arrow A, Fig. 1, and Fig. 5, a sectional View of the pin which normally locks the pawl in engagement with the ratchet teeth, drawn to an enlarged scale.

Referring more specifically to the drawings the numeral 2 indicates the jaw-stock which is composed of an oblong body-portion provided at one of its ends with the laterally extending fixed jaw 3 and opposite thereto with a ratchet-disk 4 which forms part of its connection with the handle 5. The stock 2 has a longitudinal guide-way 6 in which the body 7 of the movable jaw is slidably fitted, and it is furthermore provided with a feather 8 which extends along one side of the guide-way into a correspondingly formed groove of the body 7 to maintain the latter against lateral displacement. The body of the movable jaw has at one of its ends an integral frusto-conical mandrel 9 which serves as a pivot for the jaw cap 10 hereinafter to be described, and it has at its opposite edge, a rack 12 the teeth of which are engaged by a worm 13 which by means of a pin 14 is rotatably mounted in a recess in the lower portion of the jawstock. The peripheral edges of the teeth of the worm are preferably milled to facilitate its rotation by hand when it is desired to adjust the position of the movable jaw relative to the fixed aw when the tool is in use.

The reversible cap 10 of the movable jaw consists of a tapering body of angular cross section which is bored longitudinally in conformity with the mandrel 9 upon which it is rotatably fitted and with which it is permanently connected by clenching the outer end of the mandrel into a countersunk recess at the end of its bore as shown at 15 in Figs. 1 and 2.

The mandrel has near its basal portion at one side of the instrument, a circular recess 16 adapted to receive the head of a button 17 the shank of which extends through one of two openings 18 formed oppositely in the sides of the cap, to lock the latter in its adjusted positions. A

coiled spring 19 placed in a central depression in the inner face of the button engages the opposite surface of the recess 16 to yieldingly hold the button in its normal locking position.

The cap 10 has two oppositely disposed working faces 20 and 21, one of which is plain and adapted to extend parallel to the working face 22 of the fixed jaw as shown in Fig. 1, while the other is provided with a series of transverse serrations and formed at a more acute angle to the axis of rotation of the cap so that when disposed opposite to the stationary jaw it will extend obliquely with relation to the face 22 thereof as shown in Fig. 3.

The operating handle of the wrench is bifurcated at one of its ends to provide a slot for the reception of the peripherally toothed disk a which as hereinbefore described is formed integral with the jawstock opposite to the fixed jaw 3. A pin 23 which is secured in axially alined openings of the two parts of the bifurcated end of the handle, extends loosely through a central opening in the disk to establish the pivotal connection of the stock with the handle. The teeth of the disk are V-shaped and engage with the correspondingly formed end of a pawl 24 which is longitudinally sliciably disposed in an axial recess 25 in the handle 5. The pawl is composed of a cylindrical body portion and a similarly shaped stem 26 of smaller diameter which projects through an opening in the bottom of the re cess for its operative connection with a lock pin 27 which is slidably mounted in a second recess of the handle formed at right-angles to that occupied by the pawl. The pin 27 has a longitudinal groove into which an upset portion 28 of the handle at the outer edge of its recess 29 is driven by means of a punch to hold the pin against rotation. The lock pin is furthermore brovided with a transverse socket 30 adapted to receive the end of the pawl stein which projects into the recess 29. and rearwardly of said socket it has a beveled face 31 for engagement with the correspondingly beveled end of said stem. The face 31 terminates at a short distance from the inner end of the pin to provide a shoulder or abutment 32 which normally engages the side of the stem, as shown in Fig. l. A spring 33 coiled around the stem of the pawl holds the latter yieldingly in engagement with the teeth of the ratchet disk and a coiled spring 34 placed between the inner end of the lock pin 27, and the thereto opposite breast of the recess 29 is provided to maintain the pin in its normal position in which its beveled face engages the end of the pawl stem.

In the use of my improved wrench the cap 10 which forms part of the movable jaw, is adjusted as hereinbefore explained in accordance with the character of the object to which the tool is to be applied. After an object has been placed in the mouth of the wrench, the working face of the movable jaw is moved in engagement therewith by rotation of the worm 13, it being observed that when the face 21 of the movable jaw is opposite to the working face of the fixed jaw, the relative position of the said faces is similar to that of the gripping faces of a socalled alligator wrench. The beveled end of the pawl 24 is normally engaged by the corresponding face 31 of the lockpin 27 and the handle 5 is in consequence rigidly connected with the jaw-stock. The handle may be readily adjusted to extend at a different angle with relation to the stock, by pushing the pin 27 inwardly'until the end of the pawl stem is brought in register with the socket 30, and then turningthe handle about its pivot to the desired angle when the parts are again locked in rigid connection with each other by releasing the pin. By the same adjustment of the lock-pin the tool may be adapted for use as a ratchet wrench, the pin being pressed inwardly to release the pawl and to consequently permit of a movement of the handle about its pivot in either direction, and subsequently released to lock the handle in its adjusted position on the jawstock and compel the latter to move in conjunction therewith.

It will be observed that the construction of the reversible cap makes it possible to produce the same by forging which is of considerable advantage as it permitstempering of its serrated face.

The conical mandrel by means of which the cap is reversibly mounted on the body portion of the movable jaw provides a durable, pressure resisting abutment and its clenched upper end prevents the cap from being either displaced or lost.

The pawl and the lock-pin are both cylindrical with the exception of their milled faces and can therefore be produced at a low cost, and the arrangement of the pawl longitudinally with relation to the handle, provides an abutment for the former which cannot break under the most severe strains.

The beveled faces ofthe pawl and lock-pin which normally are in engagement to hold the former rigidly in contact with the teeth of the disk, compensate for wear, and in case of excessive wear of these parts, the

shoulder at the end of the lock-pin will still hold the latter in place.

The portion of the handle upset into the longitudinal groove of the lock-pin holds both the lock-pin and the pawl against rotation, and the V-shaped ratchet teeth are strong-and durable while permittingthe operation of the instrument as a ratchetwrench in either direction.

Having thus described my invention what I claim and desire to secure by Letters-Patent is:

1. In a wrench, a jaw-stock having a toothed disk, a handle pivotally connected with said stock and having a longitudinal recess and a transverse recess which are connected by a passage of reduced diameter, a pawl movable in the first-mentioned recess to engage the teeth on said disk and having a bevel-ended stem extending through said passage, a spring in the same recess to yieldingly hold the pawl in engagement with said teeth, a lock pin movable in the transverse recess and having a beveled face for the abutment of the beveled end of the pawl to hold the latter against longitudinal displacement, and a socket adapted to receive the said end of the pawl to permit the latter to move longitudinally in and out of engagement with the teeth of the disk during movement of the handle about its pivot, and a spring within the transverse recess to normally hold the lock pin in the position in which its beveled face engages the end ofthe pawl, the outer end of the said pin extending without the recess in which it is disposed to permit of its being pressed inwardly against the pressure of the respective spring to bring its socket in register with the end of the pawl.

2. In a wrench, a jaw stock having a disk provided with equidistant V-shaped teeth, a handle pivotally connected with the stock and having a longitudinal recess, a pawl in said recess, formed to fit the interdental spaces of the disk, a spring in the recess to yieldingly hold the pawl in engagement with the teeth on the disk, the said pawl being longitudinally movable for a ratchet movement of the handle in either direction, and a locking-device which normally holds said pawl against longitudinal displacement for the rigid connection of the handle and the stock and which is capable of releasing the same, when manually operated, to permit of a longitudinal movement of the pawl.

3. In a wrench, a jaw-stock having a disk provided with equidistant V-shaped teeth, a handle pivotally connected with the stock and having a longitudinal recess and a transverse recess, a pawl longitudinally movable in the first mentioned recess, formed to fit the interdental spaces of said disk, a lock pin movably disposed in the transverse recess, normally engaging said pawl to hold it against longitudinal displacement for the rigid connection of the handle and the stock,

and capable of releasing the pawl by manual operation, and a spring holding said lock pin in its said normal position, the said lockpin extending partially without the recess in which it is disposed, to permit of its being pressed inwardly against the action of the respective spring, to release the pawl.

4. In a wrench, a jaw stock having a toothed disk, a handle pivotally connected with said stock and having a longitudinal recess and a transverse recess which are connected by a passage of reduced diameter, a pawl movable in the first-mentioned recess to engage the teeth on said disk, and having a bevel-ended stem extending through said passage, a spring in the same recess to yieldingly hold the pawl in engagement with said teeth, a lock pin movable in the trans verse recess and having a beveled face for the abutment of the beveled end of the pawl to hold the'l-atter against longitudinal displacement, and a socket adapted to receive the said end of the pawl to permit the latter to move longitudinally in and out of engagement with the teeth of the disk during movement of the handle about its pivot, and a spring to normally hold the lock pin in the position in which its beveled face engages the end of the pawl, the outer end of the said pin extending without the recess in which it is disposed to permit of its be ing pressed inwardly against the pressure of the respective spring to bring its socket in register with the end of the pawl.

55. In a wrench, a jaw-stock having a toothed disk, a handle pivotally connected with said stock and having a longitudinal recess and a transverse recess, a pawl in the first-mentioned recess to engage the teeth on said disk and lock together the jaw-stock and handle, a spring engaging with the said pawl that normally tends to hold it in looking engagement with the jaw-stock, and a spring-controlled lock pin in the transverse recess, adapted to automatically lock said pawl in engagement with the teeth for the rigid connection of the stock and the handle and to release the same for adjustment of the handle with relation to the stock when pressed into the recess in which it is disposed.

In testimony whereof I have afiixed my signature in presence of two witnesses.

RANSOM Y. BOVEE.

Witnesses:

E. J. WILLEFoRD, B. B. BOVEE.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.

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