US1203376A - Boiler and fire-box construction. - Google Patents

Description

1. M. MCCLELLAN. BOILER AND FIRE BOI( CONSTRUCTION. APPLICATION FILED MAR. I3. I9I3.

`1,203,376.4 Patented out.. 31,1916.Y

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` J. M. MCCLELLAN. BOILR AND FIRE BOXCDNSTRUCTION.

APPLICATION FILEDVMAR.13, 1913.

Patented Oct. 31, 1916.

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Inventos@ im M. M m

w d W I. M. NICCLELLAN.

BOILER AND FlHE Box CONSTRUCTION,

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 13,1913.

Patented Oct. 31,1916.

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y UNITED sajATEs PATENT Ormea.

JAMES M. McLELLAN, onnvnnn'r'r,MAssAcHUsETTs.

BorLEn. AND Finn-Box CONSTRUCTION.

To all whom it may concern;

Be it known that I, J AMES M. MCCLELLAN, a citizen of the United States, and resident of Everett, in the county of -Middlesex and Commonwealth of Massachusetts, have invented an .Improvement in Boiler and Fire- BoX Constructions, ofrwhich the following description, in connection with the accom* panying drawings, is a specification, like characters on the drawings representing like parts. Y l

This invention relates to boilers and fireboxes,V and more particularly to constructions of the locomotive type.

The character of the invention maybe best understood by reference to the followi ing description of an villustrative embodiment thereof vshown in the accompanying drawing, wherein:`

Figure 1 is a vertical longitudinal section through a portion of an illustrativel barrel and'fire-boxy embodying the invention; Fig. 2 is a vertical transverse section taken on line 2 2 of Fig, 1; Fig. 3 is a section taken on line 3-3 of Fig. 1 ;',Fig. 4 is a vertical transverse section of a modification; Fig. 5 is a sectional detail taken on line 5-5 of Fig. LlyandFigs. 6, 7 and' 8 are details to be, referred to.

Referring to thedrawing, the illustrative structure shown therein as embodyingv the invention comprises a barrel 1 containing usual Vlues 3 having endsy entering a Huesheet 5 connected with said barrel by a throat sheet 7. The meeting ends of the Hue-sheet and throat sheet are connected byy astrip 411 secured thereto. Interposed be tween-the lower ends of said sheets is a foundation member 9 secured thereto. i

An important feature of the invention relates to the fire-box closure. This closure comprises a series of hollow sections or tubes 15 of substantial' diameter having ends entered into said flue-sheet, said tubes being` lnchned downward from said sheet toward ,the rear end of the ire-box where they are entered into and communicate with a hollow rear wall comprising spaced plates 17 (Fig' l) flanged and riveted together. As shown, v

these inclined tubes have their ends bent somewhat in order that -they may enter the line-,sheet and inner wall 17 perpendicularly thereto. The series' of tubes described are assembled in arch or other appropriate `form v Specication of Letters Patent.

" 'PatentaOcn zaiilsencg.v

Application led March 13, 1913.' Serial No. 753,944.

i and constitute the sides and crown of the mi4 y ment since, among other things, it enables a tube portion greater than an arc of 180 degrees to be exposed .to the .high heat within the yfire-box and thereby greatly increases the 'capacity' of the tube as a steam generating element. Y

' v'.lhet'op of the rear wall is a substantial distance beneath the top of the barrel and the wall "tubes have a decided inclination y toward said wall. This inclination is an im-4 portant feature of the invention and one great advantage` thereof resides in the fact that afy substantial lowering of the water level in the barrel uncovers butla very small is 1n communication'with said barrel. In

son,y

portion of the tubular fire-box closure which Y other words, the water in the barrel may lower to a level beneath any usual or probablelevel without loweringl the water in' the tire-box4 inclined tubes suiiiciently fto dangerously expose the latter.

As'shown herein, the uppermost portions of the tubes are above the barrel water level,

but the How ofwet steam therethrough will take up heat from said tube portions and prevent theirburning out. As shown herein, the series of inclined tubes do not extend -to the bottom of the sides of the fire-box,

but the lower portions of the sides are formed by U-shaped plates 21 each having a foundation lmember 23 interposedbetween the walls of the chamber formedA by said.

plates and riveted or A otherwise secured thereto. 'vYSaid walls may be stiened by stay bolts appropriately distributed. Each U-shaped Vplate extends to and through an aperture 25 in the lower portion oftheflue-sheet and is riveted to a flange 21a pnojecting from" said flue-sheet ,around said a erture. The opposite end of each U- s aped plate extends to the inner sheet 17 of barrel tothe hollow rear wall.

Heretoforer it has been customary to -inoline the grate of the fire-box toward the front'ofthe latter in order that the draft up through the grate might burn the fuel more uniformly overfthe'grate and convey the products of combustion as dlrectly tothe barrel iiues as possible. The value'of hollow walls vof -a lire-box for` generatin steam makes it desirable'to direct the pro ucts ef combustion back so they sweep around in heating contact with as much of' the'interlor surface of the fire-box a's possible. To accomplish this a bafie was introduced in the fire-box, but the gratewas `permitted to re- -main with its forward inclination.' This? arrangement ofy grate and baiiie unduly confines' yand restricts the free and uniform burnl ing of the products of combustion since it is obvious that 4totake advantage Aof the full A grate rea there shouldbe a draft-through the grate substantially perpendicular to the plane of the grate. In orderto approach this latter condition as much as possible, inf.

stead of inolining the grate toward the front of the lire-'box aS has heretofore been the practice, there is provided a Y ate 27 which inclines 'toward the rear o the -iire-box. This grate -is-provided `with a baiie 31 of tiles supported by tubes' 33 inclined and slightlyv arched,the ends .of said tubes 'being I entered into the flue sheet and inner sheet, of

the rear. wall. The water may circulate through said tubes and prevent their burning out. By this' widely diverging arrange-l ment of rate and baffle the products of com bustion rom substantially the entire grate area are directed rearwardly to sweep around and contact with the rear portions of the tubes in the iire-box,"thereby greatly i11- creasing their effectivene in heating all of the steam generating surfaces within the fire-box. To facilitate the introduction and removal of these baiile supporting tubes the throat sheet and outer sheet of the rear walli `,are provided with plugs 35 entered into holes in said sheets tubes.

To prevent ashes from entering between the portionsy of tubes adjacent thegrate bars, fillers 37 (Fig. 1) may be interposed between said tubes and welded thereto. To provide additional steam generating surfaces, a-Se.-

opposite the ends of said ries of large supplemental tubes 39 similar to the fire-box closure tubes 15 may be provided. These tubes may be introduced within the lire-box adjacent the crown' thereof,` and as shown herein, are arranged in a hori i zontal row with ends entered and expanded in the flue-sheet-and inner sheet'of the rear lwall and inclined from the former down toward the latter. Preferably the inclination and, diameters of the supplemental tubes are greater than those of the wa'll lclosure tubes since, being located in the hottest part of the fire-box, they are more active in generating steam4 and require more water. The ebulli!v tion o r steam generating process occurrin in these tubes tends to create rapid upwar of these ytubes oli'erslessopposition to the upward' flow'of'these rapid currents. The

location of the supplemental tubes beneath the crown shields the latter somewhat froml 'currents in them. The greater inclination the hot products of combustion' in the irebox, .and thereby protects the crown and prevents liability of its being burntrout. To facilitate removal and replacement of any of the wal-l and supplemental steam' generating tubes, the outer sheet of the rear wall may be provided with hand holes, each somewhat larger than the diameter of the tube opposite thereto and having a closure plu 4 3.

The fire-box may be provi ed with a superheatershown herein as a lseries of relatively slnall U-shaped return tubes 45 having endsI entered through 'the flue-sheet 5, and

preferably located between the supplemental.l steam enerating tubes 39 and thev crowntubes o the lire-box. To contribute to the support of the superheater tubes they may rest on 'transverse bridge bars 47 interposed. between thetubes at intervals.

As stated, the water is fed from .the barrel through the U-shapedl chambersat the bottoms of the sides of the fire-box to the rear wall of the latter. The water rises in this wall and circulates up through the inclined closure tube and supplemental tubes, the steam generated by said tubes being directly de-I livered into the upper portion of the barrel. To conduct the steam into the superheater there may be provided a receiving or entrance chamber 49 (Figs. 1v and 8) compris` ing a wall plate 51 convenientlyv of channel shaped section havingua flange r'veted or otherwise secured to the flue sheet referred to. This plate 51 is `'shaped to conform to the outline formed by the assembl of superheater tubes as shown in dotted ines in Fig. 2. The wall of the chamber'49 Opposite the flue sheet 5 is formed by a plate 53 conveniently Vintegral with and formed of the same 1casting as the wall 51.

Each of the U-shaped superheaterl'tubes comprises two legs, one longer than theother. The short leg. is entered through the n flue sheet 5 and communicates with` the in- 130 terior of the chamber 49, while the `long leg projects through the iue sheet and chamber and through the plate 53. To take steam from as high a portion of the barrel as possible,the chamber 49 may be provided-.With a series of 'uprightinlet tubes 55 having ends expanded or otherwise secured in the upper wall of V said chamber. Y The' steam passes from the upper portion of the barrel through said inlet tubes 55 into the receiving chamber 49 passing thence through the short legs of the U-shaped super-heater tubes andreturning through the long legs of the latter.

To receive and conduct the steam from said 16 long legs of the superheatertubes there may be provided a chamber 57 preferably provided with a double wall to insulate and prevent the loss of temperature inthe chamber from the lower temperature of the surround- 20 ing steam in the barrel. This double wall may terminate in end anges 59 and 61, one being secured to the flanges of the receiving chamber walll and the vother being secured to a double wall pipe 63 for conducting the superheated steam through the barrel. To pei-init access to the shorter legs of the U- shaped superheater tubes the entrance chamber plate' vmay be provided with plugsv 65 i threaded' in apertures in said plate opposite thejends ofthe short legs of the superheater tubes. i

In Figs. 4 land 5 is shown a rear wall construction comprising spaced plates 67 flanged Y and-riveted together, said plates being similar in form to the plates 17, 17 shown in Fig.

1 of the drawing, with the exception that inL stead of a rfoundation member such as shown in Figs. 1 and 3 extending*straightY across `the tire-box from side to side of the latter.

there is provided a short foundation member 69iinterposed between the plates 67 and ex'V4 tending a substantial distance across the lirebox toward theopposite sides of the latter, the platesc67 being cut away to provide a 15' substantial space in the'wall beneath ,the

' door of the fire-box .to receive the running gear frame of the locomotive and permit an advantageous-lowering of the fire-box.

Asshow'n in Fig. 1, the wall closuretubes and supplemental tubes have ends expanded )into apertures in a flat flue sheet.' Insome cases it may be desirableto form or press nipples 71 .(Fig.'6) from said sheet. Each l of these nipples has an inturned .anged 5 aperture 73 into which the end of a'tube i may be expanded or welded. If desired, the

inturned flange may be omitted vin somev cases and straight tubular nipples such as 75 i- (-Figa 7) may be pressed or formed from the,

so flue sheet and the tubes may be introduced and welded therein.. By the construction shown in Figs. 6 and 7 itis not necessary tov bendthe ends of the tubes as shown in Fig.

1, but on the contraryl they-may remain-- .65 y"straight throughout. f

' The fire-box closure describedis extremely simple and strong in construction; with no staybolts, rivets or ob] ectionable projections to invite sediment or incrustation, but the tubes thereof are smooth throughout and thereby permit a free unimpaired circulation therethrough. The ofset fillers connecting the tubes leave substantial, portions f of the latter exposed to the high heat within the fire-box and thereby very materially increase the available steam generating surface of the fire-box. Also because such a large portiony of .a tube is exposed to the direct heat in the fire-box the tendency is to heat the tube throughout to the same temperature. rllhe fillerand thereby raises the temperature of -the latten The fact that the inner faces of the filler are exposed to the direct heat of the re-box also .assists in maintaining this uniform temperature. The offset location of high .temperature of the principal portion of the tube is readilyv conducted tothe smaller portion of the tube outside of the the illers 'has afurther important advan tage since it permits the spacing ,of the tubes sufc'iently to allow a free expansion and contraction thereof without crowding oney another and distortion Vof the assembly of tubes as a whole.

In practice, the water levelin the barrel Vof the boiler should never be permitted to be lowered beneath thev top flues in the barrel. Because of the inclination of the irebox closure and supplemental steam generating tubes there remains but a very small portion of thse tubes above the water level yof said top fines. As a result, there can be no possibility of the'water level being low'- ered suiiiciently in said wall closure and supindispensable thatv all of the features ,de-V scribed should be used conjointly since some of them may be used separately to adl antage. n

What I claim as new and desire to by'Letters Patent is:

f 1,. In a fire-box, a-'side wall comprising Secure 'a series 'of large circulation'tubes inclined downward from one end of the fire-box toward the Vother and extending longitudispirit, and scope of the invention. It is not". 'f

nally of the latter, said tubes being welded l together intermediate their ends to formu efect` a continuous integral side closure.

v 2. In a Iire7box, a. side wall comprising-130 a series of hollow circulation sections in' lined downward from one endof the Hre X toward the other, and means intermeuous side closure for the lire-box.

3. In a tire-box, the combination of a Hue sheet and a side wall comprising a series of circulation tubes connected tosaidsheet and inclined downward away therefrom, and means intermediate the ends of said tubes for/securing them together, thereby providing a continuous side closure for the HreboX,

4. In a fire-box, the,combination of a Hue sheet at one end thereof, a hollow wall at the opposite end thereof, and side walls connecting said Hue sheet and end wall, each` comprising a series of large circulation tubes inclined downward from said .Hue sheet to said end wall, and means intermediate the ends of said tubes for securing them to'- gether, thereby providing a continuous side closure.

5. In a. fire-box, a side series of large tubes inclined downward from one end of the fire-box toward the other, llers .interposed between 'and welded to said tubes and offset from the centers thereof to provide steam generating surfaces adjacent the interior of the fire-box each ofan arc greater than 180 degrees.

6. In a fire-box, the combination of a crown and side walls composed of series of circulation tubes inclined downward from one end of the fire-box .toward the other, and

means intermediate the ends of said tubes for securing them togetherto form a con it'ginuous side and crown closurefor the lireox. A f

7. In a fire-box, the combinatioii'of an arched crown and side walls composed of ay seriesof tubes inclined downward from one end of the fire-box toward the other, and means intermediate the ends of said tubes for securing them together to form a continuous side and crown closure.

8. Ina fire-box comprising a Hue shee a hollow end wall, side walls and a crown connecting said Hue sheet with said end-wall comprising a series of closely arranged tubes inclined downward froml said Hue'sheet to said hollow wall, a'.nd means intermediate the 'ends of said tubes' for securing them` together. I

9. In va fire-box, 'the combination of a Hue sheet, a hollow rear wall ofset downward from said Hue sheet, and side walls connecting said Hue sheet with said hollow wall comprising series of circulation tubes inclined downward from said Hue sheet to said end wall, and means intermediate the ends of said tubes for securin them together, thereby providing continuous side closures. 'f

wall comprising a 10. In a fire-boit. `the combination "of a side wall comprising a series of-circulation tubes inclined downward away from theHue sheet of the fire-box, means intermediate the ends of .said tubes for securing' them together, return tubes inclined downward away from said Hue sheet, and steam vgenerating tubes extending downward away the combination of a barrel with la lire-box,

a Hue sheet between them,`Hues in said barrel connected to said sheet, side wall clo-.L

sure tubes communicating with said barrel through said sheet and inclined downward away from the latter, A and means connecting said tubes intermediate their ends, thereby providing a continuous side closure for the fire-box.

13. In an apparatus of the -class described, the combination of a barrel 1 having Hues therein, a Hue sheet 5 connected to saidbarrel, and a fire-box comprising a hollowend wall, a hollow steamgenerating external closure for the fire-box comprising tubes 15 connected to said Hue sheet and end wall and inclined downward yfrom the former to the'latter, means y19 for securing said tubes together intermediate the ends thereof; superheater tubes 45 adjacent the top of theHre-box and inclined downward from said Hue sheet, and supplemental steam-generating tubes 39 distributed across the Hrebox adjacent said superheater't'ubes and inclined downwardfromsaid Hue sheet to said end wall. Y

14. In an apparatus .of the class described,

thecombination of a barrel; Hues therein;

a Hue-sheet; a hollow rear wall; a steam generating side closure wall for said firecommunicating with said barrel and wall and inclined from said Hue-sheet toward said rear wall, whereby the lowering of the boxcoinprisinga series of hollow sections 15. In an apparatus of the class described', the combination of a barrel; a Hue-sheet; e

and a steam generating side closurewall communicating with 'said barrel through said sheet and inclined downward from the latter, whereby the lowering of the' water level of the barrel uncovers a portion of said wall'gradually increasing laterally. 16. In a fire-box, the combination of a iso fiue sheet a wall comprisingl a series of superposed, hollow sections inclined downward away from said flue sheet; a baiiie extending transversely to said sections; and a grate beneath said baflie inclined toward the rear end ofthe lire-box.

17. In a fire-box, the combination of a wall comprising a series of hollow sections inclined toward the rear of the fire-box; and a watencirculation chamber located beneath said sections.

18. The lcombination of a wall comprising a series of hollow sections inclined toward the rear of the ireebox; and a water circulation chamber located beneath said sections and having walls stayed together.

19. In a fire-box, the combination of a wall comprising a series of hollow sections inclined toward the rear of the fire-box; and a circulation chamber beneath said `sections and Haring indifferent directions toward its ends.

20. In a ire-box, the combination of a wall comprising a series of hollow sections inclined toward the rear of the ire-box andv a chamber beneath said sections comprising a U-shaped plate having stayed surfaces.

21. In an apparatus of the class described, the combination of a barrel with a flue-sheet and a throat sheet; iues for said barrel; a hollow rear wall; a series of hollow sections inclined downward from` said flue-sheet to ward said rear wall; and a water circulation chamber beneath 'said sections for condutlzing water from said barrel to said rear wa 22. `The combination of a barrel with flue-sheet; a hollow rear wall; a series of hollow wall sections inclined from said iiuesheet toward said rear wall; a U-shaped plate beneath said tubes; and a foundation member interposed between the lower ends of said plate.

V23. In a fire-box, the combination of a flue-sheet, a back wall, and crown and side tubleles directly connected with said sheet and Wa 24. In a lire-box, the combination of a ue-sheet with lues projecting in one direction therefrom and wall closure tubes projecting in an opposite direction therefrom.

25. In a fire-box, the combination of a series of hollow wall sections having provision providing circulation toward' one end of the fire-box and thence toward the opposite end thereof.

26. In a ire-box, the combination of a barrel, a flue sheet, and hollow wall sections having provision for receiving a downward circulation from the lower part of the barrel through the flue-sheet, and provision permitting an upward circulation to the upper part of said barrel. y

27. In a fire-box, the combination of a barrel, a flue-sheet, and hollow wall sectionsy for the ire-box projecting substantially longitudinally of said barrel.

28. In a fire-box, the combination of a closure comprising sides and a crown of hol` low inclined water lcirculation sections.

29. In a fire-box, the combination of a closure comprising sides and a crown of yhollow inclined circulation sections and `two subscribing witnesses.'

JAMES M. MGCLELLAN. Witnesses: HENRY T. WiLLIAMs,

ROBERT H. KAMMLER.

It is hereby certified that in Letters Patent No. 1,203,376, granted October 31, 1916, upon the application of James McClellan, of- Everett, Massachusetts, for an improvement in Boiler and Fire-Box Constructions, en error appears in the printed specification requiring correction es follows: Page 4, line 48, claim 8, strike out the vrord comprising" and insert 'a comme. and the Words the combination of; and that the seid Letters Patent should be read with this correction therein that tl-le seme may conform to the record of the cese in the Patent Oce.

Signed end sealed this 24th dey of April, A. DI, 19174.

F. W. H. CLAY,

Acting C'ommuoner of Patents.

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