US1200116A - Method for drying liquids. - Google Patents

Description

E. M. JOHNSON & E. I. COLLINGS. METHOD FOR DRYING LIQUI'DS. APPLICATION FILED MAn.s.1915.

1,200,1 1,6. Patented Oct. 3,1916.

lll/lll WIT/VESSES:

A TTOR/VEV in solution' over the heated surface.

UNrrED s'rA'rEs raran'r onirica.

EDWARD 'MEAD JOHNSON AND ERNEST, J. COLLINGS, 4Oil? JERSEY CITY, 'NEW JERSEY,

ASSIGNORS T0 MEAD JOHNSON 6c RATION OF NEW JERSEY'.

CO., OF JERSEY CITY, NEW 'll'lllItSlElY,I A. CORPO- Meri-ion ron. nnYiNG Liauins.

Specicaton of Letters Patent.

Patented Oct. 3, 1916.

l Application led March 8, 1915. Serial No. 12,858.

Liquids, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to methods for drying liquids wherein the liquid is dried while thinly spreadl upon a surface, and .isapplicable to all liquids, particularly those containing a solid matter in suspension or solution. I

lAn object of the invention is to dry highly adhesive solutions-especially those which are extremely adhesive when heated-by this method.

A further object of the invention is to dry mix-tures composed of solutions of dierent 4degrees of adhesiveness and toregulate the proportions of the diierent solutions so as to obtain the desired constitution of the dried product. 0

Our new process of drying consists fundamentally in spreading a film of a. comparatively low adhesiveness over lthe surface upon place and applying upon this film a lm of the more adhesive solution to be dried.

An important application of. the process is the drying of syrups. Malt sugar syrup, for example, consists principally of two substances, dextrin and maltose in solution. The maltose is extremely adhesive when heated, while the'dextrin is much less so. In former processes 'it has been customary to dry the malt sugar syrup by spreading a film of the mixture of dextrin and malltplse v is results in bringing a part of the heated mal-V tose in contact with the heatedfsurface and its extreme adhesiveness makes it ydiicult to remove from the heated surface after dry.- ing.' It is practically impossible to. remove the dried film when the ratio of the maltose to the deXtrin in the solution is greater than :45. t According to our new process, 'a solution containing either pure ydextrin orv a. high percentage of dextrin and a solution containing a high percentage of maltose are spread upon the heated surface separately and successively, A. ilm of the high 4dexsolution of.

which the drying is to taketrinsolution is irst applied and over this a film of the high maltose solution. The film high in dextrin prevents the maltose from coming in contact with the heated surface and in consequence the two films may easily be scraped of when dried. f

In order that our invention may be clearly understood, we shall proceed to describe the particular adaptation of it which is illus-` trated in the accompanying drawing. It should 'be clearly understood, however, that our invention is` by no means limited to the particular embodiment illustrated and described.

In theaccompanying drawing, Figure 1` is a cross-sectional elevation of a device em bodying our invention. Fig. 2 is a fragmentary section of a modified form of the device. y

In the form illustrated the drying apparatus is, inclosed in an air-tight casing l, to which is connected aneXhaust pipe' 13. This makes it possible to conduct the drying in a vacuum. The use of a vacuum is, however, not essential to our invention-and whether or not it is to be used in connection with our invention may be determined by practical considerations as to the cost and rapidity of drying required and particularly by the nature of the solution to be dried.-

rIhe drying roller 2 is supported upon a 'horizontal axle, oneend of which is hollow to permit the introduction of steam into the interior of the roller; Any convenient form of mechanisimnot shown, is provided vto rotate the roller in an anti-clockwise direction.

Thismechanism is such that the speed of rotation may be varied. Below the roller 2 are the rollers 3 and 4.. These rollers are supported upon horizontal axles and are preferably capable of being steam heated like roller 2. A very small clearance is allowed between these-rollers and roller 2, that between roller 3 and roller 2 being equal to the thickness of the film of the liquid to be dried,and thatbetween roller' 4 and roller 2 being equal to thethiclmess of two films of solution. Rollers 3 and 4 are provided with mechanism (not shown by which they can be rotated in' the cloc wise direction., ortions of the' roll'` l` Surrounding the lower ers Band a arethetroug s 5 and 6, in which are'placed the solutions tobe dried, Inlet pipes 7 and 8 are provided to' admitv the solutions to the troughs .and 6, respectively. are also provided with outlet pipes 9 and 10, which are used when the troughs are Washed out. A .knife 1l is provided to scrape the dried lms from the roller 2. From the knife the dried product The troughs descends into the receptacle l2.

The operation of the apparatus illustrated in Fig. l is as follows z-Steam is admitted to the roller 2, and preferably to rollers 3 and 4 also, to heat them. v The solutions. to be dried are introduced into the troughs 5 and 6 through pipes 7 and 8, the more adhesive solution being placed in trough 6. If, for example, the solution to v be dried is malt sugar-syrup, the solution of n them.

dextrin. or high in dextrin is admitted to trough 5, while the high maltose solution is run into trough 6. The rollers are then rotated, roller 2 in an anti-clockwise direction and rollers 3 and 4 in a clockwise direction. The peripheral velocity of roller 2 is preferably slightly greater than that of rollers 3 and 4, so that the l'ihn of solution carried up upon rollers 3 and 4 is drawn upon the surface of roller 2 as it passes over By this arrangement, a film of the solution contained in trough 5 is irstapplied to roller 2 and then a iilm of the more adhesive solution in trough 6 is applied outside of this lm. The ilm ol' the more adhesive solution is thus kept out of contact with roller-2 and does not, therefore, *stick to the roller when dried. The two :films are scraped from the roller 2 by the knife ll and fall' into the receptacle 12 in the form of a dry powder.

linl the modification of the apparatus shown in Fig. 2, rollers v3 and 4 are placed at such a distance from the roller 2 'that the film of solution upon them is not brought directly in contact with the roller 2. Tn this modification, the rollers 3 and 4 are rotated at a suciently high velocity to throw the solution upon them against the roller 2 by centrifugal force.

The axles of the rollers 3 and 4 may be so supported as to be vertically adjustable. lin this case these rollers may beso adjusted as to operate either as shown in Fig. l or asin rig. e.

vthe trough 5 to The process may be used to dry a single highly adhesive liquid whichl could not be dried on a heated roller by the ordinary method. in this case the adhesive liquid is placed in the trough 6 and oil or other suitable `liquid of lou7 adhesiveness is placed in the roller 2.

An important use of the process `isto ob tain a dry product which is composed cfa mixture Aof the solid constituents 'et soluform a lm whichshall pre-- vent the adhesiye liquid from adhering to' neonato hesive solution is placed in thetrough 6 and is thusprevented from coming in contact with the roller. Furthermore, the process permits of the regulation of the proportions oi'' the constituents of the diil'erent solutions which appear in the dried product. This is done by' regulatl g the thickness of the films of the various solutions applied to the roller 2. Regulation may be accomplished in vvarious ways. Thus, a thicker llm or' one solution may be produced by maintaining that solution at a higher level in its trough by admitting the solution to the trough more rapidly. A thicker iilm oi the solution'may also be applied by rotating the rollerI which is applying the film more rapidly. This method is peculiarly applicable when the ilm is applied centrifugally, `as shown in Fig. 2.

lt is obvious that many modifications may be made in the described means for carrying out the process without departing from our invention. Thus, the drying roller may itself dip into a trough containing one ci the liquids, ywhile the other liquid is applied by a roller similar to roller 3. 0r one or both of the `solutions may be applied by suitable spraying vdevices or by means oi any other mechanism for applying iilms to va roller. Tf it is desired to obtain a mixture yof the solid constituentsof more than two liquids, additional rollers and troughs similar to rollers 3 and 4- and troughs 5 and 6 may be used, or a number of spraying devices or other means for applying iilms may be usedy equal to the number of liquids to be dried. Thus, any number ci liquids may be dried and the solid constituents mixed in any desired proportion.

What we claim is:

l. The method of obtaining the solid constituents of an adhesive liquid in dry form, which consists in 'spreadinga lm of a less adhesive liquid over a suriace, spreading a iilm of the adhesive liquid over this film, drying said films upon said surface, and removing them from saidl surface.

2. The method of obtaining the solid constituents 'of an Iadhesiveliquid iny dry form, which consists in spreading a hlm of a less adhesive 4 liquid over a heated surface, spreading a lm oi theadhesive liquid over this. lm, drying said lms upon said surface, and removing said ilms from said surface. u

3. The method of obtaining' a mixture of the solid constituents or liquids of different adhesiveness, which consists in applying a iilm of the less adhesive liquid to a surface, applying a film of the more adhesive liquid over said dim, and scraping said iil'ms-trom said surface after they have dried thereon. f 4,'Theymethod of'ohtaining a mixture of solid constituents ot liquids, which consists 2in 'successively' applying mms 'of Sai@ liquids my@ in applying a film of superimthey Asolid constituents of liquids in given pro.

portions, which vconsists in successively applymg films of said. liquids to a surface, the thickness of the film of each liquid lbeing proportional to the amount of the solid constituents of that liquid desired in the dry product, and scraping said superimposed films from said surface after they have dried thereon.

6. The method of obtaining la mixture of the solid constituents of liquids of different adhesiveness, whichconsists in successively applying films of the said liquids to a heated surface, the nethermost film being comosed of one of the liquids of comparatively ow adhesiveness, and removing said Elms from said surface after they have dried thereon.

7. vThe method of obtaining a mixture of solid constituents of liquids, which consists in applying a film of one of the liquids to a surface, partially drying said film, applying a film of another liquid Iupon said partially dried film,

havedried thereon.

8. The method of obtaining a mixture .of solid-constituents of liquids, which consists one of a surface, applying a film of another of the liquids to said first mentioned film, and scraping said superimposed films from said surface after they have dried thereon.

9. A continuous method of obtaining 4a mixture of solid constituents of liquids which consists in applying a film of one of the liquids to a moving surface, applying a film of another of said liquids to said surface at a pointA to the rear of the point Where said first mentioned film is applied,

4upon said surface, and removmg sald and scraping said super., imposed films from 'said surface after'they the liquids to` this layer,

and scraping said superimposed films from said surface after they have dried thereon.

10. The `method of obtaining the solid constituents of a solution of maltose in dry form, which consists in spreading a layer of a less adhesive l substance over a surface,

spreading a film of themaltose solution' over said layer, drying said film, and remov- :ifng said film and' said layer from said surace. l 1'1. The method of obtaining the solid constituents of malt sugar syrup in dry form', vwhich consists in spreading a film of a -solution of dextrin over a surface, spreadin a 'film of a solution of maltose over sai film, drying said films upon said surface, and removing said surface. i

12. The method of obtaining the solid constituents of malt sugar syrup in dry form, Which consists in spreading a fi of the syrupin which the ratio of dextrin to maltose is greater than :55 over a surface, spreading a film of a syrup in which the ratio of maltose to dextrin is greater than 55 :45 over said film, drying said lms films from said surface. A

l13. The method of obtaining the solid constituents of an adhesive liquid in, dry form, which consists in `spread1ng a layer of a less adhesive material over a surface, spreading a film ofthe adhesive liquid over dryingA said film, and removing said film and said layer from said surface. In testimony whereof, We have-hereunto set our hands 1n the presence of Witnessesthis fourth day .of March, 1915.

EDWARD MEAD JOHNSON. ERNEST J. COLLINGS.

`Witnesses to both signatures:

M. J. HILL, FRED-L. ROY.

lms from said

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