US1199982A - Dyeing apparatus. - Google Patents

Description

D. M. HEY.

DYEING APPARATUS. APPLICATION YILED APR. 5. 1910.

1,199,982. Patented Oct. 3,1916.

3 SHEETS-SHEET I.

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DYEING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 5.

' Patented .Oct. 3, 1916.

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DAVID MORLEY HEY, OF CHATTANOOGA, TENNE3SEE, ASSIGNOR TO VACUUM ,DYEING MACHINE COMPANY, OF CHATTANOOGA, TENNESSEE, A CORPORATION OF TEN- NESSEE.

DYEING APPARATUS.

Patented; Oct. 3, 1916.

Application filed April 5, 1910. Serial No. 553,470.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that 1, DAVID M. HEY, a citizen of the United States, residing at Chattanooga, in the county of Hamilton and State of Tennessee, have invented new and useful Improvements in Dyeing Apparatus,

of which the following is a specification.-

This invention relates to bleaching and dyeing apparatus of the type in which the material to be treated is held in bulk and under compression in a chamber Whose opposite walls are formed by perforated plates and wherein the liquor is forced under pressure through said material, usually by means of a centrifugal pump having suitable connection with liquor-receiving and overflow portions of the vat respectively: and the invention consists in certain peculiarities in the construction and arrangement of parts and certain novel combinations of elements suli stantially as hereinafter described and particularly pointed out in the subjoined claims.

It may be stated in a general way that practical experience with this type of dyeing apparatus, as hitherto proposed, has shown defects in respect of the uniform dyeing of the material subjected to treatment therein.

My present invention is designed to remove various contributing causes of such defects, first, by securing a better distribution .of the dye liquor at the receiving portion of the dyeing vat, second by securing a more uniform overflow of the dye liquor from the discharging portion thereof, third in effectively guarding against the possibility of the liquor flowing more rapidly along the side wall of the dye chamber than in other parts, caused either by the force of suction, acting strongly at a place adjacent to the suction pipe and more weakly, if at all, at places remote therefrom, or by the tendency of the steam to collect near the bottom of the vat and jet up along side the wall of the latter, or by both of these things.

One of the important features of the present invention is a novel construction of dis-,

various parts of the interior of the dyeing v chamber, said distributer also having as one double tank constructions which hitherto have contained such provision.

A third important feature of the present invention is the provision of means of simple and practicable character which will effectively prevent the dye liquor from entering the dyeing chamber at a place alongside the Wall of the latter.-

A fourth important feature of the present invention is a novel construction of compression plate, particularly designed to be fully capable of withstanding all the strains which can be imposed upon it in practice.

In a general way it may also be stated that the present distributor, the present overflow chamber and the present means for excluding entrance of fluid into the dye chamber at the wall of the latter, coo aerate in securing a uniform flow of the liquor through all parts of the dyeing chamber and auniform treatment of the material by'the liquor, thereby producing important advantages in respect of the imparting of uniform color to the mass in the dyeing chamber, which is an ultimate object of my invention,

In the accompanying drawings I have illustrated a dyeing apparatus embodying What I now consider-to be the best forms of the several features referred to. It is to be understood, however, that the invention is not restricted to the illustrated details, and may be embodied in many apparently widely different forms without departing 1 from the spirit of the invention or the scope vation of a dyeing apparatus constructed in accordance with my invention, showing the compression plate elevated and the clamping devices removed. Fig. 2 is a vertical section through the dye vat. Fig. 3 is a plan view of the compression plate. Fig. 4 is a plan view of the dye vat, with the perforated false bottom partlybroken away. Fig. 5 is a detail View of the member joining the distributer with the supply pipe, and Fig. 6 is a transverse section of one of the arms of the distributer, looking toward the inlet end thereof.

The same characters of reference designate the same parts throughout the several views.

A dyeing machine embodying my present improvements comprehends a dye vat A, having a perforated compression plate 10 and a perforated false bottom 11, a pump B, supply pipe C and (Y, and return or suction pipe D, D, D whereby the liquor is circulated and caused to impregnate the material to be dyed, while it is compressed between the perforated plates 10 and 11 in the dye vat. The suction and return pipes are preferably arranged so that the direction of flow of the dye-liquor may be reversed at will. To accomplish this the circulating system, as herein shown, includes a pipe C arranged between the supply pipe G and return pipe D and having valves 0, 0, at its unction with each of said pipes, and pipes C and D leading from the supply pipe C and return pipe D respectively and connected to each other by a pipe D Suitable valves (Z, (Z, (P, are provided at the junctions of these pipes.

The dye vat A may be of any desired size and shape and has a vertical side wall 12 and a reinforced bottom 13 with a central aperture let therein. It comprises a liquorreceiving space or chamber a, a dyeing space or chamber a and a discharge space for chamber a arranged one above the other, as illustrated in Fi 2. It is provided with a shoulder 15 between the chambers a and a and this shoulder supports the bottom plate 11 hereinbefore referred to, said bottom plate having an imperforate outer portion 11 which rests upon said shoulder, a depending fiange 16 which extends downward from the imperforate portion substantially to the bottom of the chamber a and a perforated section 11 bounded by its said imperforate portion. I am aware that a bottom plate of this form has been previously used and that it was supported on lugs project ing from the inner wall of the vat, but in the previous proposal referred to there was no thought of so co-relating the parts that liquor will be positively excluded from flowing from the liquor-receiving chamber a into the dyeing chamber (1. along the outer wall of the latter in order that the formation of channels along the outer wall of the mass of material may be positively avoided, whereas this is essential according to this particular part of the present invention. This is best accomplished by forming the part of the side wall of the vat which bounds the liquor receivingchamber a of greater thickness than the part which bounds the dyeing chamber a, with an abrupt change from one to the other, whereby the shoulder 15 is formed at the junction of said chambers and whereby also the liquor-receiving chamber is of less internal diameter than the dyeing-chamber and has its wall disposed at all points within the line of the wall bounding the latter chamber, and by so arranging the flange 16 that its outer sur face will be in proximity to the wall of the liquor receiving chamber throughout and its lower portion will be close to the bottom of said chamber, and by arranging the plate 11 so that its outer edge will be close to the inner surface of the wall of the dyeing chamber a. The central perforated portion ll 'of the bottom plate may also be reinforced, as by depending flanges 17. Lifting chains 18 are secured to the false bottom plate 11.

The upper or compression plate 10 is preferably of the same size and shape as the interior of the vat A and to resist the various strains imposed upon it may be reinforced, preferably by radially disposed truss-shaped ribs 21 and spaced parallel webs 22. As herein shown, the perforated compression plate 10 is circular, and is provided with integral concentrically-disposed webs 22 gradually decreasing in height from the center to the edge of the plate. The outermost web 22 is disposed a short distance from the edge of the compression plate and is provided with an outwardly-extending portion 23 of gradually reduced thickness, said portion reinforcing the edge of the plate and having pockets 25 cut therein at intervalsvto provide bearing surfaces for the clamps 26 to be hereinafter described. Opposite each of these pockets the outermost web 22 is strengthened by inwardly-extending perforated braces 2 1, while between the pockets the web may be raised, as shown at 22* in Fig. 1. The truss shaped ribs 21 are disposed radially between the inner and outermost of the webs 22. Suitable openings 27 are provided in the reinforcing ribs or webs through which hooks or other suitable means attached to the hoist 28 may be inserted when it is desired to remove the compression plate.

Encircling the dye vat at or near its upper extremity is a relativelv shallow conduit arranged to receive the dye liquor from the vat A, and is herein shown as an open overflow chamber 29 having an outer wall 30 extending to point slightly above the top of the side wall of the vat A which forms the inner wall of the conduit, and an in clined bottom 31 sloping gradually toward one side of the conduit, which side is provided with an outlet 32, so that the dyeliquor, flowing toward this side of the chamber, will empty into the return or suction pipe D, one end of which is threaded or otherwise suitably secured in the outlet 32. It is apparent that the specific construction of the conduits described, while advantageous, is not altogether essential; for example, the side wall of the vat may be apertured to allow the dye-liquor to enter the conduit without overflowing over the side of the vat, or the conduit may be discontinuous, or need not entirely encircle the dyevat, while one or more discharge openings may be provided in the conduit suitably arranged and connected to return the liquor to the pump B. It is essential, however, that if the vat be apertured for the flow of liquor therefrom into the conduit, the apertures be such as not to restrict said flow to any material extent, it being important that a free overflow of the material from the discharge chamber be provided for; and further that if, in lieu of a continuous conduit, a plurality of conduits be employed these conduits must substantially encircle the upper portion of the vat, in order that the required free and even flow of the liquor from the discharge portion of the vat be not interfered with. In the normal operation, the dye-liquor is drawn through the suction pipe D by the pump B and is then returned to the dye-vat through the supply pipe C, entering the vat through the aperture let in the bottom 13 thereof, and issuing through the distributer 33.

A coupling member 3% having a conduit 35 therein is preferably interposed between the distributer and the supply pipe, said coupling member having a central outlet 36 adapted to be connected to the distributer 33 and an annular flange 34? by which it is connected with the supply pipe C. This coupling member is provided with a flange or plate 34* of sulhcient area to cover the aperture 14: and is suitably secured to the bottom of the vat. Said aperture 14: is of greater diameter than the head of the distributer.

The distributer 33 is preferably constructed with a hollow multi-lateral head 37 having an aperture 38 in each of its sides. It is preferably threaded to the outlet 36 of the coupling member 34. The upper face of the head 37 preferably is perforated, as at 39, to allow the dye-liquor to issue into the dye-vat near the center of the same. Connected to each side of the head 37 are radially-disposed hollow distributing arms 40, of rectangular or other suitable shape and having a perforated and a solid portion, the form herein shown having perforations 41 in all but one of its sides, (see Fig. 6) through which the dye-liquor issues. The hollow radially-disposed distributing arms extend to within a short distance of the side wall of the liquor receiving chamber a, and the dye-liquor issuing through the perforations in these arms 40 and the central head 37 is uniformly supmeans of cap screws 40 extending through apertures in flanges 40* at the inner ends of the arms. When the dlstributing arms 40 are secured in the position illustrated in Fig. 2, the imperforate side of each dis tributing arm faces the bottom of the vat and the dye liquor will jet through the perforations in the uppermost side of the distributing arms directly toward the perforated false bottom 11 and the material to be dyed. With certain goods or materials, however, it is advantageous to cause the dye-liquor to rise more gently against the material to be dyed, and it will be noted that by slackening the cap screws 40, turning the distributing arms 40 so that the imperforate side of each faces the material to be dyed, and securing the arms to the head in the last named position, the dye-liquor will issue through the perforations 41 in downward andlateral directions and contact with the bottom 13 of the vat before reaching the dyeing material.

In the operation of the machine, the material to be dyed is deposited upon the per- .fo-rated false bottom plate 11 and is compressed between the same and the perforated upper compression plate 10, suitable clamps 26 being provided at the sides of the vat for retaining the compression plate in position. The dye-liquor is forced by the pump B through the supply pipe C and issues through the perforations in the distributer 33 and its arms 40 so that the dye-liquor will contact with all portions of the material to be dyed. The dye-liquor impregnates the compressed material to be dyed and rising to the top of the vat A flows into the conduit 29 and returns through the suction pipe D to the pump B to be again forced through the supply pipe C to the dye vat. This circulation is continued as long as desired, whereupon the dye-liquor is drawn off and a rinsing liquor circulated. through the machine in a similar manne Owing to the fact that the distributer 33 with its radiating hollow arms 40 extends to practically all parts of the liquor receiving chamber a the dye-liquor will rise under the pressure afforded by the pump B, passing through all portions of the compressed dyemg material and will overflow in substantially the same quantities over all portions of the side wall of the dye vat into the conduit 29, wherein by reason of the inclined bottom 31 it will rapidly flow toward the discharge opening 32 and be quickly drawn off by the suction efiected by the pump B through the pipe D. Thus it will be apparent that all the elements of applicants machine cooperate to insure a complete and eflicient circulating system, which produces a uniform flow of the liquor through all portions of the dyeing chamber. By allowing the dye-liquor to be quickly and readily drawn off on all sides of the vat, the resistant pressure within the dye-vat is relieved and the dye-liquor is enabled to circulate uniformly through practically all portions thereof. Again the dye-liquor being forced into the dye-vat by the pump B is enabled to penetrate the compressed dyeing material by virtue of its initial pressure without having to overcome the weight and pressure of a heavy body of liquor resting upon the dyeing material. Provision is made for the reversal of the direction of flow of the dyeliquor, the supply pipe C becoming the return or suction pipe and the return pipe D the supply pipe for conducting the dyeliquor to the vat A. The valves and c are adjusted to allow the dye-liquor to enter the pump B through the pipes C and C and the valves (Z, d and (Z are adjusted to allow the dye-liquor to be forced by the pump through the pipes C D, D and D into the conduit 29, overflowing therefrom into the dye-vat A, permeating the dyeing material therein, and falling into the chamber a, from which it is withdrawn through the distributer 33 and pipes C and C After the various steps in the dyeing process have been completed the clamps 26 are swung to the outside of the vat and the compression plate is removed by the hoist 28 or other suitable means. The false bottom plate 11 and the material carried thereon is then removed by said hoist or other suitable means and the material deposited wherever desired.

While the present embodiment herein shown is well adapted to accomplish the several purposes of my invention, it is to be understood that the invention is not restricted thereto but is capable of many changes, modifications, and variations within the scope of the subjoined claims.

In practice suitable heating means are preferably embodied in the apparatus, but it is not deemed necessary to illustrate the same herein. Such heating means may be the coiled or other pipes ordinarily employed, or may be a suitable heating chamber interposed between the dye vat and the pump, as, for example, that illustrated in my co-pending application Serial No. 553369 filed of even date herewith.

Having now described the invention what I believe to be new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a dyeing apparatus, a vat having a liquor-receiving chamber, a dyeing chamber and a discharge chamber, and having substantially entirely around its discharge chamber a relatively shallow conduit which has substantially unrestricted communication therewith, said vat also having a perforated plate between its dyeing chamber and the liquor-receiving chamber and a second perforated plate between said dyeing chamber and the discharge chamber, and means for supplying liquor to the liquor-receiving chamber and withdrawing it from said shallow conduit.

2. In a dyeing apparatus, a vat having av liquor-receiving chamber, a dyeing chamber and a discharge chamber, and having substantially entirely around its discharge chamber a relatively shallow conduit-which has substantially unrestricted communica tion therewith, said vat also having a perforated plate between its dyeing chamber and the liquor receiving chamber and second perforated plate between said dyeing chamber and the discharge. chamber, and means for circulating liquor through the vat, comprising a suction pipe having connection with said shallow conduit and a supply pipe having a head provided with a plurality of arms each having a series of outlets in the liquor-receiving space.

3. In a dyeing apparatus, a vat having a liquor-receiving chamber, a dyeing chamber and a discharge chamber, and having around its discharge chamber a means for receiving the liquor from the latter, the discharge chamber having substantially unrestricted communication with said means over its top, said means having a bottom which extends substantially around the vat and in such proximity to the top of the overflow space as to provide a relatively shallow conduit, said conduit having an aperture for the flow of liquor therefrom and having its bottom wall inclined to said aperture to induce a more rapid flow of the liquor therein, and means for the supply of liquor to the liquor receiving chamber of the vat.

4. A dyeing apparatus, comprising a vat having a liquor-receiving chamber and a chamber adapted to receive material in bulk to be treated; a perforated plate arranged between said chambers; a second perforated plate opposite to the first-mentioned plate and adapted to compress the material between it and the latter; and a. distributor having a head and a series of angular-1y disposed arms, the said arms extcnding in various directions radially from said head and having their longitudinal sides provided with series of apertures arranged to discharge the liquor into said liquor-receiving chamber, said vat having at the outlet side of the second perforated plate provision for the outflow of the liquor substantially en tirely around the vat.

5. A dyeing apparatus, comprising a vat having a liquor-receiving chamber, a chamber adapted to receive material in bulk to be treated, a perforated plate between said chambers, a liquondischarging' chamber and a perforated compression plate between the treating chamber and the discharging chamber: a relatively shallow conduit extending substantially entirely around the discharging chamber and having substantially free communication therewith throughout substantially the entire length thereof: a distributer comprising a head and radial arms extending from the head and having their longitudinal sides provided with series of apertures arranged to discharge the liquor into the liquor-receiving chamber: and

liquor-circulating means adapted to supply 7 the liquor to the head and arms and Withdraw the same from the conduit.

1 6. A dyeing apparatus comprising a vat having a liquor-receiving chamber and a chamber adapted to receive material in bulk to be treated; a perforated plate arranged between said chambers: a second perforated plate arranged opposite to the first-mentioned plate and adapted to compress the material between it and the latter; and a distributer having a head and hollow perforated arms radiating from the head, said arms being arranged to discharge liquor into the liquor-receiving chamber and having a solid portion and being adjustably mounted to present either the perforations or the solid portion toward the dyeing chamber.

7. A dyeing apparatus comprising a vat; a removable perforated plate arranged in said vat above the bottom of the latter and forming with said bottom a liquor-receiving chamber; a distributer arranged in said chamber and comprising a head and hollow radial arms, each of said arms having a perforated portion and a solid portion and being adjustably connected to said head so that it may be turned to present eitherits perforated portion or its solid portion toward said plate; a perforated compression plate arranged in the vat above the first mentioned plate and adapted to compress the material between it and the latter and means for supplying the distributer with liquor under pressure and for'withdrawing the liquor from the discharge portion of the vat.

8. A dye vat comprising a dyeing chamber and a liquor-receiving chamber having communication with the dyeing chamber, said liquor-receiving chamber being provided with hollow radial arms each having a perforated portion and a solid portion, said arms being adjustable to present either the perforated portions or the solid portions thereof toward the dyeing chamber.

9. A dye vat provided with a dyeing chamber and having a distributer comprislng a head having a perforated wall presented toward the saiddyeing chamber and hollow arms which radiatefrom the head and are each provided with a series of perforations.

10. A dye vat provided with a dyeing chamber and having a distributer comprising a multi-lateral head having a perforated wall presented toward the said dyeing chamber and'a hollow perforated arm secured to each of its sides and extending radially from the head.

11. A dye vat comprising a liquor-receiving chamber, a dyeing chamber and a perforated plate between said chambers, in combination with a distributer having a multilateral head provided with a perforated wall presented toward the dyeing chamber and a hollow perforated arm connected to each of its sides and extending into the liquor-receiving chamber, each of said arms having a solid portion and a perforated portion and being adapted to be turned to present either its solid portion or perforated portion toward the dyeing chamber.

12. A dye vat, a perforated plate arranged in said vat and spaced from the bottom thereof, a distributer mounted in the space between the bottom of the vat and said plate, said vat having an opening in its bottom, a supply pipe, and a coupling member having a conduit through which the distributer is connected with the supply pipe, said conduit being of less diameter than the opening in the bottom of the vat and said coupling member having a flange or plate adapted to cover said opening.

13. A dye vat having an opening in its bottom, a perforated plate arranged in said vat in a spaced relation with said bottom, a distributer mounted in the space between said bottom and plate, said distributer comprising a head which is of less diameter than the opening in the bottom and'hollow perforated arms extending radially from said head, a supply pipe and a coupling member having a conduit through which the distributer is connected with the supply pipe, said conduit being of less diameter than the opening in the bottom of the vat and said coupling member having a flange. or plate adapted to cover the opening.

14:. In an apparatus for dyeing material in bulk and Which material is held under compression while being dyed, a vat having a dyeing chamber and a liquor-receiving chamber, said liquor-receiving chamber ing of lesser internal diameter throughout than the dyeing chamber, the vat having at the junction of the two chambers a continuous shoulder which forms a seat, combined with a removable plate having a part which engages said seat and also having a flange which extends substantially to the bottom of the liquor-receiving chamber and whose outer surface is in close proximity throughout its length to the wall of the vat, means for supplying liquor to said chamber, the removable plate having its part bounded by said flange provided with perforations through which the liquor flows directly to the material in the dyeing chamber, and means for compressing the material against the first-mentioned plate, the latter means comprising a second perforated plate movably mounted in the vat in a spaced relation with the first perforated plate and means for holding the second plate in its adjusted position.

15. In combination with a dye vat, a perforated inner plate spaced from the bottom of said vat and a perforated compression plate spaced from the first mentioned plate, said compression plate being formed of a series of concentric webs extending from the perforated bottom thereof and being of gradually decreasing height from the innermost Web to the outermost web, said outermost web being disposed near the outer edge of the compression plate and provided with an outwardly extending portion of gradually reduced thickness which reinforces the edge of the plate, said plate being also pro vided ith a series of radially extending ribs which connect said webs with each other, the ribs extending from the innermost Web to the outermost web.

16. A dye vat provided with a perforated bottom plate and a perforated compression plate, the latter having webs and radiating ribs projecting from one of its surfaces, the outermost of said webs being disposed inside the plane of the edge of the plate and provided with a beveled portion extending therefrom to the edge of the plate and having pockets cut therein at intervals, and compressing elements extending over the edge of the vat and bearing against the pockets in said tapered port-ion.

17. A dye vat provided with a perforated bottom plate and a perforated compression plate, the latter having webs and radiating ribs, projecting from one of its surfaces, the outermost of said webs being disposed inside the plane of the edge of the plate and provided with a beveled portion extending therefrom to the edge of the plate, having pockets cut therein at intervals, inwardly extending perforated braces reinforcing said outermost web opposite each of said pockets, and compressing elements extending over the edge of the vat and bearing against the pockets in said tapered portion.

18. In a dyeing machine, a circulating pump, a supply pipe leadingtherefrom, a dye vat having a liquor receiving chamber, a dyeing chamber, and a discharge chamber therein,perforated plates arranged between saidchambers, a distributor having radial arms arranged in said liquor receiving chamber and connected to the supply pipe, a relatively shallow conduit completely encircling the discharge chamber of the vat and communicating with the latter throughout its length, and a return pipe connecting said conduitwith the pump.

19. In a dyeing machine, a circulating pump, a supply pipe leading therefrom, a dye vat having a liquor receiving chamber, a dyeing chamber, and a discharge chamber therein, perforated plates arranged between said chambers, a distributer having radial arms arranged in said liquor receiving chamber and connected to the supply pipe, a relatively shallow conduit completely en circling the discharge chamber of the vat and communicating with the latter throughout its length, said conduit having an aperture and its bottominclined to said aperture, and a return pipe connecting said conduit with the pump.

20. In a dyeing 'machine, a circulating pump, a supply pipe leading therefrom, a dye vat having a liquor receiving chamber,

a dyeing chamber, and a discharge chamber therein, perforated plates arranged between said chambers, a distributor provided with radially-dis iiosed arms having a perforated and a solid portion arranged in said liquorreceiving chamber and connected to the supply pipe, a relatively shallow conduit completely encircling the discharge chamber of the vat and communicating with the latter throughout its length, and a return pipe connecting said conduit with the pump.

21. A dyeing apparatus comprising a vat having a dyeing chamber; a removable plate arranged in said vat above the bottom of the latter and forming with said bottom a liquorreceiving chamber, said plate also forming the bottom of the dyeing chamber and having perforations through which the liquor flows directly to the material in the dyeing chamber; a distributer arranged in said chamber and comprising a head and hollow radial arms, each of said arms having a perforated portion and a solid portion so as to project the liquor in a desired direction; a perforated compression plate arranged in the vat above the first mentioned plate and adapted to compress the material between it and the latter and means for supplying the distributer with liquor under pressure and for withdrawing the liquor from the discharge portion of the vat.

22. A dye vat, comprising a liquor receiving chamber and a dye chamber, said vat having an apertured bottom, a perforated plate separating its said chambers from each other, a distrlbuter mounted 1n the liquor-recelvmg chamber and comprising a head having aperforatcd wall portion presented toward the dyeing chamber and perforated arms connected with and radiating from said head, a supply pipe and a coupling member adapted to cover the aperture in the bottom of the vat and provided with a conduit which connects the distributor with the supply pipe. v

23. In dyeing apparatus, a -vat having a liquor-receiving chamber, a dyeing chamber and a discharge chamber, a conduit arranged around the upper portion of said vat and adapted to receive overflow from the discharge chamber thereof, means for withdrawing dye-liquor from said conduit, a distributer provided with means to discharge the liquor into the liquor receiving chamber, means to space the material to be dyed from said distributer, a compression plate arranged in the upper portion of the vat and having means for the passage of liquor, said dyeing chamber comprising the space between the compression plate and said spacing means, means for raising and lowering said compression plate, and means for holding it in an adjusted position.

24. In dyeing apparatus of the type herein set forth, a vat having a liquor receiving chamber, a dyeing chamber and a discharge chamber, means to receive overflow from the latter and means to withdraw the dye-liquor from said overflow-receiving means, means for admitting liquor to said liquor-receiving chamber, the latter being of lesser internal diameter throughout than said dyeing chamber, a plate separating the dyeing chamber Gopies 0! this patent may be obtained for from the liquor receiving chamber and provided with openings for the passage of liquor directly to the material in the dyeing chamber, said openings being so arranged that the liquor passing therethrough will not be projected along the walls of the dyeing chamber, and compression means disposed between the dyeing chamber and the discharge chamber, said compression means having openings for the flow of the liquor to the latter chamber.

25. In dyeing apparatus, a vat having a conduit surrounding the upper portion of its side wall, a portion of said wall forming part of the conduit, said wall being enlarged at the lower portion thereof to form a shoulder whereby the lower portion of the vat is of lesser diameter than that portion of the vat above said shoulder, means for admitting dyeing liquor to said lower portion of the vat, and a plate adapted to rest upon said shoulder, said plate being provided with perforations for the passage of liquor therethrough, but not in the region thereof near its outer periphery, whereby on account of the lesser diameter of said. liquorreceiving chamber and the arrangement of the perforations on said plate liquor passing through the latter will not be projected toward the wall of the chamber above said plate forming the dyeing chamber.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in presence of two subscribing witnesses.

Trnso. L. MoN'rAoUE, R. S. FAXON.

five cents each, by addressing the "Commissioner of Patents. Washington, D. C.

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