US1188587A - Vapor electric apparatus. - Google Patents

Description

M. VON RECKLINGHAUSEN.

VAPOR ELECTRIC APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED JULY I2, 1913-.

1 9 1 ,5']. Patented Tune 27, 1916.

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MAX VON RECKLINGHAUSEN, OF SURESNES, FRANCE, ASSIGNOR TO COOPER HEWITT ELECTRIC COMPANY, OF HOBOKEN, NEW JERSEY, A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

VAPOR ELECTRIC APPARATUS.

Application filed July 12, 1913.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, MAX VON Rncnnrsc- IIAUSEN, a subject of the Emperor of Germany, and resident of Suresnes, France, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Vapor Electric Apparatus, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to gas or vapor electric apparatus utilizing a refractory material for the inclosingvessel, such apparatus having two or more electrodes.

More particularly my invention relates to the protection of the container at such points as are exposed to relatively high or severe heat or electric conditions.

My invention is especially useful in connection with mercury vapor electric apparatus of quartz or material which is very refractory, Which material is used with the extremely concentrated current and heat Operation in the apparatus.

I have below shown a typical application of my invention in one of the cases in which it is especially advantageous.

Other applications will be evident as occasions may arise.

Figure 1 shows a portion of the vapor electric apparatus having a quartz container. Fig. 2 shows a section thereof along the lines :r-zv.

In these figures, 1 represents a refractory lining, 2 represents a portion of the quartz container of the mercury vapor quartz lamp such as is frequently used for illumination. Such lamp consists of a tubular light giving portion with an anode at one end and a cathode chamber 3 with a cathode of mercury at the other end and a narrow portion connecting the tubular portion with the latter electrode chamber and confining the active point on the cathode itself. This lamp, not being a part of my present invention, needs no further description as a lamp.

The narrow portion of the current path shown at 7 contains the cathode spot, for the active portion of the cathode spot lies at different times at various positions along this narrow portion. The normal current traverses the part of this narrow portion not occupied by the mercury, which is consequently very highly heated. The concentration of current and temperature combined with the reactions at the cathode spot have a tendency to disintegrate or overheat or otherwise injure the quartz surface and it is Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 27, 19.16.

Serial No. 778,685.

the object of the present invention to prevent such injury. This result I accomplish by lining this narrow portion with a special form of quartz having an unusually high refractory character. I recommend a special quartz called titanium zircon quartz which may be had of the Zircon Gesellschaft, l rankfort on the Main, Germany. This quartz, while very difficult to mani 'iulate, has good mechanical qualities and is extremely refractory. I produce a lamp with this lining by first providing a lining as at 1 in the form desired and fusing thereto other quartz to build up the proper local structure and then by sealing it to the other parts of the lamp as is understood in the manufacture of such lamps. I consider it advisable to use an extension 4: of the lining beyond the narrow portion, 7, inside the cathode electrode chamber, to the line shown at 5, since under some conditions the mercury surface may withdraw as far as there indicated; on the other hand this lining should be extended in the other direction to the end of the constricted portion since at certain times, as during starting, this whole passage is filled with mercury and the cathode spot is formed at the location indicated by the line 6. In operation the action of this special lining is to prevent the disintegrating, cracking or wasting away or clouding of the surface in the narrow portion where the concentration of action is greatest. The softening point of this titanium zircon quartz being very high and its mechanical qualities being exceptionally good, far more severe conditions may be successfully withstood through the use of this lining than would otherwise be possible.

In Fig. 2 the intimate relation of the lining, 1, to the main body of the quartz, 2, is shown.

While I have referred particularly to one special composition of refractory quartz as suitable for a lining this is mentioned merely for the convenience of those wishing to practise the invention and I do not wish to limit myself to the-use of this material. I wish it further understood that this method of providing against the destructive action of the very high temperature or concentrated electrical actions and even adverse chemical conditions may be utilized at other points in this quartz lamp or in other apparatus where similar conditions exist. The fl lfldillllOlltfil idea underlying my invention and the method of bringing its'results is made clear above.

I claim as my invention 1. In a quartz mercury vapor apparatus, a constricted portion carrying the current and a lining thereof consisting of titanium zircon quartz fused throughout its entire length to the inner wall of the constricted portion.

2. In a quartz mercury vapor apparatus, a constricted portion containing the cathode, and a lining therefor consisting of a quartz compound fused throughout its entire length to the constricted portion and of more. refractory composition than the said portion.

3. In a quartz mercury vapor, apparatus, a constricted portion carrying the current, and a lining thereof consisting of a more refractory quartz composition, the said lining being fused throughout its entirelength to the. constricted portion and being providedwith an extension extending beyond the constricted portion and likewise fused to the wallof the, cathode chamber.

Signed at New York in the minuty of New York and'btate. of New York this 9th day of July, A. l). 1913.

MAX \UN REC-KLINGHAUSEN. \Vi tnesscs 7 WM. ll. (-Arnn,

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