US1186241A - Fluid-spray nozzle. - Google Patents

Description

E. K. STANDISH.

FLUID SPRAY NOZZLE.

APPLICATION FILED AUG.24, 1915.

1,186,241. Patent-ed June 6,1916.

fnv@ nto?" UNITE@ STATES PATENT OEE-ICE.

EDWARD K. STANDISH, OE STOUGHTON, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR To SPRAY ENGINEERING COMPANY, OE BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS, A CORPORATION OE MAINE.

FLUID-SPRAY NozzLE.

Patented June 6, 1916.

Application filed August v24, 1915. Serial No. 47,137.

To all 'whom may concern Be it known that I, EDWARD K. STANDISH, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Stoughton, in the county of Norfolk and State. of Massachusetts, have invented an Improvement in Fluid-Spray Nozzles, of which the following description, in connection with the accompanying drawings, is a specication,like characters on the drawings representing like parts. ,I i n This invention relates to fluid spray nozA zles of general application.`

In orderthat the principle of the invention may be readilyunderstood, I have in the `accompanying drawing disclosed a single type of nozzle embodying my invention.

In said drawing: Figure 1 is a vertical central section of a nozzle constructed in accordance with my invention; Fig. 2 is a similar view of a portion of the fnozzle upon an enlarged scale and showing the action of the liquid within the same; and F ig. 3 lis a plan view of a ,capA piece kemployed in Vthis embodiment of my invention.

Thisinvention in certain aspects thereof is an improvement upon the spray nozzle shown in the patent to Aubrey Gr. Eneas, No. 1,101,264, dated June 23, 1914. In cer tain aspects .thereof my invention may be used in other relations Vand in nozzles vof types other than that shown in the said igneas patent. j

By the nozzle herein disclosed, I form and distribute over preferably an extended area a spray composed of or comprising water or other liquid or suitable fluid, and which is the most effective embodiment thereof of substantial homogeneity throughout. Such spray is caple of use in many and varied relations. Among other uses to which I am in no wise limited in the practice of my invention, I may enumerate the following: for aerating municipal and other water supplies in reservoirs and other placesgin connection with cooling ponds to spray thewater heated in condensers of turbine or other engines; for spraying effluent `in connection with sprinkling filter beds, for precipitating coal dust; for air washing;I for condensing vapors; for humidifying'air in chemical plants and cotton mills, for oil burners and fire extinguishers, and in fact for many other uses not lherein necessary to enumerate.

In carrying out my invention I preferably project the fluid of whatever nature in a flaring spray, and I .preferably simultaneously produce both rotary and non-rotary jets and mix, niingle'or blend said jets within a confined space from which I cause the mixed, mingled or blended mass to issue in a spray of Substantially uniform homogeneity.

Preferably I provide a central Or axial jet which, in the disclosed embodiment of my invention, 'is a non-rotary jet. Preferably also I provide oneor more surrounding jets, which, in the disclosed embodiment of lmy invention, are rotary jets. I cause said rotary jet orjets to impinge more or less transversely upon Vthe axial or central jet, with the result that said jets are sufficiently mixed to produce a spray of the character described when'dischargedfrom the confined space.

Ipreferably provide a Vchamber in advance of the ietproducing means, said chamber being so shaped f'and of such volume as to permit kan effective mixture or blending of the jets before they issue in spray form :from theY chamber. This result may be accomplished in any desired manner, as by so sha-ping the chamber or so positioning an abutment vtherein as to cause impact thereon of one or more of the surrounding jets, and the rebound thereof with the result of mixing or blending said jets within the confined spa-ce. In that embodimentl of my invention herein selected for illustration, the nozzle comprises a shell or casing 1 constituting an outer mixing chamber and having an entrance 2 for the water or other liquid to be sprayed and a discharge orifice 3. The nozzle maybe suitably connected to'a hose or other means'for-oonveying the liquid or fluid to be sprayed. For this purpose, I have represented Vthe nozzle 1 as interiorly threaded at'4.

Within the shell 1 I position, or if desired integrally form therewith, an inner liquid guiding member indicated generally at 5, and vherein represented as detachable from the shell 1. If desired, the said member 5 may be externallythreaded, so as to be screwedinto position in the shell 1, or it Y struct it that it will discharge or direct into i said mixing chamber 6 a plurality of jets. For this purpose I preferably employ a single central et which, in this embodiment of my invention, is a non-rotary one, and a plurality of exterior jets which, in this embodiment of my invention, surround the central jet and are rotary. The surrounding jets are given a rotary or whirling character in any suitable manner.

The central jet is produced by the central passage 7 formed in the inner member 5 and receiving the water or other liquid or fluid directed thereinto under pressure and from any suitable source. The central passage 7 has preferably a smooth surface 8, and preferably the lower or inner end thereof is somewhat flaring, as indicated at 9 in Fig. l. Surrounding the straight central passage 7 are a plurality of divergent curved passages. l0 formed between the wall of the central passage 7 and the inner wall of the shell l. Said passages 10 likewise receive liquid or liuid under pressure from the same source and impart a whirling or rotating action Vto the jets passing therethrough as well as a centrifugal action. The jets passing through the passages 7 and 10 are primarily of equal velocity, but the velocity of the jets passing through the passages l0 is reduced below that of the central jet, owing to the Contact of said surrounding ets with the inner wall of the mixing chamber 6.

The surrounding passages l0 may` be formed in any suitable manner and preferably by a series of vanes ll, each of which may extend partly about the central passage l0, or may extend one or more times thereabout. The circumferential extent of said Yanes, the pitch thereof and the number of vanes may be widely varied Within the scope of the invention. If desired, the vanes may be formed as a single or a double spiral extending a plurality of times about the passage 7 at a suitable pitch. However said vanes be formed and whatever be their extent, the jets passing through the passages 7 and l0 converge and meet within the chamber 6, and the tapering formation of said chamber G compels the mixing of said jets. The impinging of the jets upon each other thoroughly breaks them up and compels a thorough mixing and distribution to the constituent parts thereof, so that as the liquid emerges from the nozzle, it spreads into cone, whose apex is the orice of the nozzle, the spray beingl substantially uniformly and thoroughly distributed throughout the entire cone. y

Instead of 4forining the central passage 7 as in said patent to Eneas, I provide the same with some suitable obstruction upon which the central jet impinges, and through or past which said jet passes into the mixing chamber. Vhile such obstruction may be variously constructed, it is preferably so arranged as to provide one or more transverse slots, through which the liquid must pass in entering the mixing chamber. In accomplishing this result, I may form the obstruction integral with the passage 7, as, for example, by providing the upper end of such passage with a partition or closure slitted for the passage of the liquid. Preferably, however, instead of forming the obstruction integral with the walls of the passage, I provide a cap l1 threaded ex-l ternally at l2 and tapped into the internally threaded end 13 of said passagey 7. The said cap is preferably provided with cross slits la, which may extend normal to the axis of such passage 7, but which preferably are in a wall downwardly inclined with respect thereto, as indicated most clearly in Figs. l and 2.

rIhe provision of transverse and preferably intersecting slits compels a thorough intermixture of the constituents of the liquid passing up through the passage 7. This is the case whether said slots extend normal to the axis of said passage 7 or at an inclination thereto. Such intermixing is, however, greatly accentuated when said slits are downwardly inclined, as indicated in Figs. l and 3. Because of said inclined construction of slits, the streams are caused to ilnpinge directly upon each other,as indicated most clearly in Fig. 2, being more or less broken up and then. thoroughly intermixed with the rotary streams issuing from the passages 10.

Preferably the cap 1l is formed as a separate member in order to permit the ready cleansing of the nozzle. If removable, it may be secured in position in any suitable manner and, as stated, it may be formed as an integral portion of the passage 7.

The mixing chamber 6 is preferably relatively large compared with the orifice through which the fluid issues from the nozzle. Said chamber is of sufficient volume and so shaped as to permit and effect blending and mixing of the jets. before issuance from the nozzle.

It will be evident from the foregoing de- 'scription that ay spray nozzle constructed in accordance with my v invention eects a thorough mixing of the streams of liquid within the nozzle, and that the streams are discharged from the nozzle in such manner as to form a full spray of substantially homogeneous character.

Having thus described one illustrated embodiment of my invention, I desire it to be understood that although specific terms are employed, they are used in a generic and descriptive sense and not for the purposes of limitation, the scope of the invention being set forth in the following claims.

Claims:

1. In a spray nozzle, means for simultaneously producing both a rotary and a non-rotary jet, means to project the rotary jet into blending union with the non-rotary jet before issuance of said jets from the nozzle, and means to cause an intermixture of the constituents of the non-rotary jet before mixture with said rotary jet.

Q. In a nozzle, an outer shell having an entrance and a discharge, an inner member having a central passage and surrounding passages shaped to form one or more rotary jets and a mixing chamber within the nozzle in advance of said passages, said central passage having obstructing means to cause a mixing of the constituents of the liquid in their passage therethrough prior to their admission to the mixing chamber.

3. Ina nozzle, a shell having an entrance and a discharge and an inner member having a central, straight passage and surrounding passages shaped to form rotary streams and a mixing chamber Within the nozzle in advance of said passages, said central pas-A sage having an obstructing member provided with one or more cross slits.

el. In a nozzle, an outer shell having an entrance and a discharge and an inner member having a central passage and surrounding passages shaped to form rotary jets andV a mixing chamber within the nozzle in advance of said passages, said central passage having an obstructing portion provided with intersecting cross slits.

5. In a nozzle, an outer shell having an entrance and a discharge and an inner member distinct from said shell but adapted to he positioned therein, the said inner member having a central, straight passage provided with a smooth, inner surface and a series of surrounding vanes to form rotary jets, there being a mixing chamber within the shell in advance of the inner member, said central passage having a transverse portion provided with intersecting cross slits.

6. In a nozzle, an outer shell having an entrance and a discharge and an inner member distinct from said shell but adapted to be positioned therein, the said inner member having a central, straight passage provided with a smooth` inner surface and a series of surrounding vanes to form rotary jets, there y being a mixing chamber within the shell in advance of the inner member, said central passage having a downwardly inclined portion provided with intersecting, cross slits to compel the discharging portion of the central jet of liquid to impinge upon each other prior to their admission to the mixing chamber.

7. In a nozzle, an outer shell having an entrance and a discharge and an inner member distinct from said shell but adapted to be positioned therein, the said inner member having a central, straight passage provided with a smooth, inner surface and a series of surrounding vanes to form rotary jets, there being a mixing chamber Within the shell in advance of the inner member, said central passage having a detachable cap provided Vwith intersecting, cross slits.

8. In a nozzle, an outer shell having an entrance and a discharge and an inner member distinct from said shell but adapted to be positioned therein, the said inner member having a central, straight' passage provided witha smooth, inner surface and a series of surrounding vanes to form rotary jets, a mixing chamber in advance of said central passage and said vanes, said central passage having a detachable cap provided with one or more downwardly inclined slits.

9. In a nozzle, an outer shell having an entrance and a discharge, and an inner member having a central passage and surrounding passages shaped to form one or more rotary jets and a mixing chamber in advance of said passages, said central passage having obstructing means at substantially the discharge end thereof.

10. In a nozzle, an outer shell having an entrance and a discharge, and an inner inember having a central passage and surrounding passages shaped to form one or more rotary jets, there being a mixing chamber within the outer shell in advance of the inner member, the central passage of said inner member having slitted obstructing means at substantially the discharge end thereof.

l1. In a spray nozzle, means for producing both a substantially central jet and one or more outer jets, a mixin0` chamber in advance of said means, whereby a mixing of said jets is caused within the nozzle, and means to divide said substantially central jet and to project the divisions thereof into enforced mixing relation.

l2. In a spray nozzle, means' for producing both a substantially central jet and one or more outer jets, a mixing chamber in advance of said means, whereby a mixing of said jets is caused within the nozzle, and

1Q before issuance of said jets from the nozzle,

and means to cause an intermixture of the Constituents of the central jet before mix.- ture with the outer jet.

In testimony Whereol have signed my naine to this speeifieation1 in the presence of l5 two subscribing Witnesses.

EDWARD K.. STANDISH.` Witnesses:

Romani H. KAMMLER, IRVING U. ToWNsnND.

Copies of this patent may be obtained :fox` ve cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of :Patents:`

f Washington, D. G."

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