US1185566A - Computing mechanism. - Google Patents

Description

W. WRIGHT.

OMPUTING MECHANISM.

APPLICATIO 0 NOV. 13. 1908. RENEWED AUG. 3,

1,185,566. 4 Pa ed May30, 1916.

ATTORNEY UNITED STATES PATENT oEEioE.

WALTER WRIGHT, OF SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA, ASSIGNOR, BY, MESNE ASSIGN- MENTS, TO UNDERWOOD COMPUTING JREILEIHINE COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

Specification of Letters Patent.

COMPUTING MECHANISM.

Patented May 30, 1916.

Application filed November 13, 1908, Serial No. 462,498. Renewed August 3, 1911. Serial No. 642,042.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, \VALTER \Vnrorrr, a citizen of the United. States, residing at San Francisco and State of California, have invented new and useful Improvements in Computing Mechanism, of which the following is a specification.

The present invention relates to computing mechanism.

The object of the invention is to provide a series of computing wheels, which are always in positive engagement with their respective carrying wheels, and which can be rotated in either direction and thus perform either addition or subtraction.

A. further object is to provide a continuous series of such mechanisms in operative connection with each other, said series to contain any reasonable number of comput ing wheels, the construction being such that the number need not be limited.

A further object is to provide mechanism whereby when any wheel of the series may be operated, all of said wheels except the one in operative engagement with the operating means, are positively locked against possible rotation, except when carrying from one wheel to the next; and wherebyany computing wheel, while in operative engagement with the operating means, is free to rotate therewith, and through such rotation it becomes the master or operating wheel, through which the next computing wheel to the left, or any number of such computing wheels at that time in the operating zone, may be actuated when it is necessary to carry or transfer from one wheel to the next in the performance of addition or subtraction. l

A further object is to provide mechanism,

levers s rin s and safet devices heretofore used to accomplish this result, are dispensed with and made unnecessary.

A further object is to provide a. mechanism of this character which may be used in connection with operating means laterally stationary, and the computing mechanism movable, or the computing mechanism fixed against lateral movement, the operating means being laterally movable, and whereby the lateral movement of either the computing mechanism or the operating means, enables the computing wheel in operative engagement with the operating means to rotate freelytherewith, and at the same time through such rotation freely rotate through one-tenth of a revolution any desired number of computing wheels of the series in the operating Zone then on the left, whenever it is necessary to carry from one wheel to the next, either in the performance of addition or subtraction.

As shown the present mechanism is actuated by means carried on a rotary driving shaft, over which the number wheels move in a' step by step movement, the spacing means being equal to the width of a number wheel, or the computing wheels may be stationary and the operating means move through the computing wheels. However, the invention is not limited to internal actuating means, as the computing wheels can just as readily be rotated by external or utside operating means.

In the accompanying drawing, Figure 1 is a side elevation of the computing mechanism partly shown in section, and parts being broken away; Fig. 2 is a transverse section on the line 22 of Fig. 1; Fig. 8 is a detail of one of the driven gear wheels.

For convenience, the present invention will be described as applied to a typewriting machine, but it is understood that it is not limited to this purpose.

The computing wheel 1. together with the gear portion 2, secured thereto on the right, is of a width corresponding to a writing space of a typewriter; and a sufficient number of such wheels may be combined in a frame or carriage, to extend through a distance corresponding withv the number of writing spaces to the writing line of a typewriter, there being in such case one number wheel for each writing space, except in each 1 .end plates 13 and part1 will fourth writing space. at which points the huh of the third computing wheel extends th 'ough a partition and occupies with the collar 5 a double space, or the space of two cmnputing wheels. it these points the driving means are rendered ii1 1p-c -ati=e, the internal gg ea f teeth, 3 hereafter referred to, on the er-itended huh portion 5 of the com puting wheel, heing cut away from that portion oi" such third wheel, thus peri'nitting the operating: 111ez1ns to rerolre freely therein without altectins the rotation of the computing wheels. This also allows, when used in conneuion with a rintinp; mechanism, for the printing of eriod or comma in such tourlh spaces. w

h could he used to advantage in dividing he hundrecs from the thousand l1 o san d s from millions millions from hi. dollars from cents, etc.

Each computing wheel is composed of a main body portion 1 and a gear 2, secured to the main portion on the right, the outside diameter of the gear teeth of the wheel 2 being {lush with the outside diameter of the main body of the wheel 1, upon the surface of which the nine digits and 0 are formed. The hub is also provided with ten internal gear teeth 3, thus providing a corresponding number of recesses 41 capable of being selectively engaged by lu s or pins (3 extending laterally from a d portion 7 of a hub or collar 8 secured to a driving shaft 9. The pins 6 are pr ferably formed upon a raised portion '1' 01 the huh 8. the hub heing cut away at each side of said raised portion so as to make the outside diameter the same as the internal diameter of the stationary tubes 10. each or which, at one end. rests upon said lowered portion of the hub 8, their other ends being secured st rotation by collars 11 on arms 12 supported on the frame of the machine.

The fixed or stationari' tubes and the raised portion of the huh 8 are hoth 01" the same diameter as the internal gear teeth ol? the computing wheel 1. The computing wheels are supported in 5* frame comprising) tions 14'. through which latter extend rods 15; and said wheels, in the step by step movement of the frame or carriage. slide orer the fixed tubes 10.

The carr no mechanism is composed of a gear wheel 16 and a Genera lock wheel 17, the hub portion each being formed with live internal recesses 18 and 19. The gear wheel 16 and Genera lock 17 are each of substantially one half the width of a computing wheel, the combined width o1 both the gear wheel 16 and Geneva lock 17 being of substantially the same width at a computing wheel. There is one near wheel 16 to correspond with each computing wheel, with which it is positively geared. The means for causing the gear wheel 16 and the Geneva lock 17 to act one when in the operat-ing Zone, is the live toothed wheel. 20, the teeth 21 of which are adapted to jointly engage the internal recesses 18 and 19 of a gear wheel 16 and a Geneva lock 17. There are a number of these wheels 20 loosely mounted on a stationary shaft 31, supported on the arm 12. The hub oi the wheel 20 is of a width corresponding to that 01 a computing: wheel and or substantially thi. same width the gear wheel, 16 and the Genera stop wheel 1'? combined. The teeth 21 of the wheel 20, however are ot' a slightly less width, for the iurpose of allowing the clearance required in the rapid operation of the computing mechanism.

is the gear does not extend beyond the main body of the computing wheel to which it is secured on the right, the gear portion of the wheel 16 cannot be of greater width than the gear 2; therefore the teeth and a portion of the huh oil? the gear wheel 11] are cut away on the right, as shown at to allow cearance for the carrying pin 93, formed on the periphery of the computing wheel 1. When any computing wheel is operated, so as to make a complete rerolution, and the carrying pin 23 comes in contact with one of the live recesses 2i in the Geneva stop wheel 17, and thereby rotates said wheel 17 through one filth of a revolution. it will through the medium of the live internal recesses 18 and 19, in which are engaged the teeth 21 of the wheel 20, also carry with it the gear wheel 16 immediately to the left, which is also in engagement with the teeth 21 of the wheel 20; and as this gear wheel 16 is also in mesh with the gear 2 oi the next computingwheel. to the left, the said computing wheel will also be rotated through one tenth of a rerolution. Should all the computing wheels in the operating zone. in case of addition. he standing at 9, at the time the operation takes lace, this action would he continued throughout the operating Zone, or as liar as the fire point wheels 0 extend. and until the particular nuinher wheel in mesh with the last gear wheel 16 in the operating Zone was rotated. The rotation of this last gear 16 would not ailfect the next computing wheel to the left. even though that computing; wheel should also he standing at 9. because the rotation of the Geneva stop wheel 17 corresponding to this particular numhcr wheel would at that pointhare no eil ect upon the rotation of the next computing wheel. owing to the fact that the next gear wheel 16 is not operatively connected with the Geneva stop wheel 17 at that time by reason of there heino a break 'hetween the last wheel 20 and th fixed sleeve 26. which latter at this point. takes the place of the wheels 20. the teeth 27 being cut away at for the purpose of limiting the carrying capacity of the mechanism, and to act as a safety device for breaking the throw from one wheel to another at that particular point. i

The computing wheel in operative engagement with the operating means cannot rotate the next, or any of the computing wheels, which are at that time to the right of same, because the gear portion 16 of the carrying mechanism, which is always in positive mesh with the gear portion 2 of the computing wheel referred to, is at tliat time free to rotate with the computing wheel, but independently of the Geneva portion 17 of such carrying mechanism, which at all other times must rotatewith the gear portion 16 of the carrying mechanism. The reason for this is, that at the point where the computing wheels are in operative engagement with the operating means, there is no five point wheel 20 on the shaft 31, the teeth 21 of which at other points in the step by step travel of the computing mechanism to the left, are in positive engagement with the internal recesses 18 and 19 in the hubs of both the gear carrying wheel 16 and the Geneva lock wheel 17 corresponding therewith to complete the carrying mechanism from that particular computing wheel to the next. There is also a cut away portion or collar 28 provided on the sleeve 29 shown at the operating point; and it is this break 28, which extends from the end of the teeth 30 on the fixed sleeve 29 to the teeth 21 of the first wheel 20, to the left which permits the computing wheel in engagement with the operating means to rotate freely, and without affecting the next or any wheels then standing to the right of same. The reason for this is that the gear wheel 16, in mesh with the gear portion 2 of the computing wheel referred to, can rotate freely therewith around the collar or hub 28 of the sleeve 29 secured to the shaft 31; but as the carrying pin 23 on the computing wheel. being thus rotated, comes in contact withone ofthe recesses 24; of the next Geneva stop wheel 17, standing to the left of the gear wheel 16 in engagement with the computing wheel referred to, it will, through engagement with the recess 24, carry said wheel 17 through one fifth of a revolution. This Geneva lock wheel 17, will also, through the medium of the wheel 20, the teeth 21 of which are also in engagement with the five internal recesses 18, of the next gear wheel 16 to the left, cause it to rotate through one fifth of a revolution; and as the external gear teeth of this wheel 16 are always in positive engagement with the next computing wheel, it will also, at the same time be carried by this operation through one tenth of a revolution. Should the next computing wheel, or all the computing wheels in the operative zone be standing at 9, in case of addition, when the carrying pin 23 of the computing wheel in operation comes in contact with and rotates the first Geneva stop wheel 17 to the left of the collar 28 through one fifth of a revolution, then all the computing wheels to the left, that are within the operating Zone, which is limited only by the number of wheels 20 carried between the breaks or collars 25 and 28, will be rotated through one tenth of a revolution, but all computing wheels which have passed beyond the five point wheels 20 will not be affected in any way, nor will the computing wheels to the right, which are yet to the right of the break 28 because the shaft 31 is non-rotatable and the teeth are carried on the sleeves to the right as well as to the left of the idlers 20 and the breaks 28 and 25 on the sleeves.

lVhen a computing wheel to the right of a partition 14; is operated, the carrying from one computing wheel to the next is carried through the partition to the first wheel on the opposite side thereof, in the following manner. The Geneva stop wheel 17 to the right of the partition 14, has on its left an extended hub portion 32, which extends through a partition as shown at 33, and over which when in place is a fixed collar 34-. The internal recesses 19 of the Geneva stop wheel 17, are extended through the hub portion 32, so that when the carrying pin 23 of the computing wheel to the right of the partition lt, comes in contact with a recess 24: of the Geneva stop wheel 17, it rotates through the hub extension 32 of said wheel, two of the five point wheels 20 through onefifth of a revolution, and as the second of these wheels 20, the one farthest to the left, is also in positive engagement with the next gear wheel 16, and, as this wheel is also positively geared to the next computing wheel 1 to the left, said computing wheel is actuated through one tenth of a revolution.

It will be understood that only those tenscarrying devices which are included between the two breaks 25 and 28 can be active at any time. The sleeves 27 and 29 are always idle, and may extend through any number of tens-carrying wheels to the left of the break 25 and to the right of the break 28. The wheels engaged by said idle sleeves 27, 29 are locked by said sleeves out of use. The motion of these wheels is de rived from, the master wheel 7, and only those tens-carrying wheels to the left of said master wheel and to the right of the sleeve 27 can be connected to carrier tens. In other words the extent to which tens can be carried is limited to substantially less than the whole number of adding wheels in the system, although the tens-carrying mechanism is always effective, no matter which of the main adding wheels are within the sphere of action of said tens-carrying mech anism, said sphere of action or operating zone extending from one break to the other breal' 28.

I claim 1. In a computing mechanism, number wheels, operating means therefor carrying mechanism for carrying from one number wheel to the next, composed of a pinion and Gene a stop wheel, a shaft for supporting same, said shaft, and said pinion and stop wheel being relatively movable, and means loosely mounted on said shaft to enga e both the pinion and stop wheel, whereby they rotate as one, when actuated by the rotation of the number wheel in operative engagement with the operating means, substantially as described.

2. In a computing mechanism including a pinion and Geneva stop wheel, comprising number wheels and carrying mechanism therefor, means to operate the number wheels, a shaft, means loosely mounted thereon having a part adapted to engage the hubs of a pinion and Geneva stop wheel, said means and the pinion and Geneva stop wheel, being axially relatively movable one to the other, and means whereby through the rotation of the Geneva stop wheel, said pinion is caused to rotate therewith through one fifth of a revolution, and through such rotation, actuate the next number wheel in mesh with said pinion, through one tenth of a revolution. substantially as described.

3. In a computing mechanism comprising number wheels and carrying mechanism therefor adapted to carry from one number wheel to the next, means to operate the num ber wheels, a shaft for said carrying mechanism, and means loosely mounted on said shaft whereby the rotation of said carrying mechanism. actuates the next number wheel through a distance corresponding therewith, such rotation being caused through the rotation of the number wheel actuated by the operating means, substantially as described.

it. In a computing mechanism, number wheels, carrying mechanism therefor, composed of a pinion and a Geneva. stop wheel. a stationary shaft, both said pinion and said stop wheel being loosely mounted on said shaft, and means carried on said shaft adapted to engage both the pinion and Geneva stop wheel. whereby through the rotation of the number wheel in operative engagement with the actuating means, the next number wheel is actuated through onetenth of a revolution, substantially as de scribed.

5. A computing machine. combining a se ric-s of denominational digit wheels: and denominational trains for carrying tens from one wheel to the next, each train embodying a pair of relativel -rotatable elements, and a coupler for locking the same together to rotate in unison, said pairs of rotatable elements and said couplers having permanently-unobstructed, relative lateral movement therebetween, so as to enable a coupler, during computation, to be disengaged from one pair of rotatable elements and directly engaged with the next pair at one such relative movement.

6. A computing machine, combining a series of denominational digit wheels; and denominational trains for carrying tens from one wheel to the next, each train embodying a pair of relatively-rotatable elements, one connected with a digit wheel of lower order, and the other with a digit wheel of higher order, and a. rotatable coupler for keying said elements together for rotation in unison, said pairs of rotatable elements and said couplers having permanently-unobstructed, relative lateral movement therebe tween, so as to enable a coupler, during computation, to be disengaged from one pair of rotatable elements and directly engaged with the next pair at one such relative move ment.

7. The combination, with a series of de nominational digit wheels; of tens-carrying mechanism therefor, embodying a series of independently-rotatable couplers, and a series of pairs of independently-rotatable carrying wheels, each of such pairs comprising a. pinion and a Geneva stop wheel arranged face to face. interposed between said couplers and said digit wheels and adapted to be locked together by the former for rotation in unison, said pairs of carrying wheels and said couplers having permanent-ly-unobstructed, relative lateral movement therebetween. so as to enable a coupler, during computation. to be disengaged from one pair of carrying wheels and directly engaged with the next pair at one such relative movement.

8. The combination, with a series of denominational digit wheels: of tens-carrying mechanism therefor, embodying a series of pairs of independently-rotatable carrying wheels, each of such pairs comprising a pinion and a Geneva stop wheel, and a series of independently-rotatable coupler disposed internally of said pairs of carrying wheels to lock the component members of the latter together for rotation in unison. said pairs of carrying wheels and said cou plers having permanently-unobstructed, relative late al movement therebetween. so as to enable coupler, during computation. to be disengaged from one pair of car ying wheels and dirccth engaged with the next pair at one such relative movement.

9. A computing machine, combining a series of denominational digit wheels; and denominational devices for carrying tens from one wheel to the next, each tens-carrying device embodying a. locking wheel constantly engaging the digit wheel of lower denomination, a carrying wheel constantly engaging the digit wheel of higher denomination, said locking wheel and said carrying wheel rotatable relatively to each other, and a member for keying said locking wheel and said carrying wheel together to rotate in unison, said locking and carrying wheels and said keying members having permanently-unobstructed, relative lateral movement therebetween, so as to enable a keying member, during computation, to be disengaged from the locking and carrying Wheels of one tens-carrying device and directly engaged with those of the next device at one such relative movement.

10. The combination, with a master wheel, and a gang of computing wheels; of Geneva movements for carrying tens from wheel to wheel along the gang, each Geneva movement comprising a pair of cooperating members disconnected from each other; and a series of devices associated with the cooperating members of said Geneva movements for connecting the same, a part of the series of connecting devices acting to couple together for rotation the cooperating members of the Geneva movements below the master wheel, the first-named part at and above the master wheel, and the remaining part acting to lock against rotation the cooperative members of the Geneva move ments below the master wheel, the first-named part of the series of connecting devices being spaced from the second-named part to disrupt connection between the Geneva movement at the master wheel and that next below.

11. The combination, with a master wheel, and a gang of computing wheels; of Geneva movements for carrying tens from wheel to wheel along the gang, each Geneva movement comprising a pair of cooperating members disconnected from each. other; a set of independently-revoluble elements associated with the cooperating members of the Geneva movements at and above the master wheel, to couple the same together for rotation; and a single stationary element for engaging the cooperating members of all of the Geneva movements below the master wheel to prevent rotation thereof.

12. The combination, with a master wheel, and a gang of computing wheels; of Geneva movements for carrying tens from wheel to wheel along the gang, each Geneva movement comprising a pair of cooperating members disconnected from each other; means for connecting together for rotation the cooperating members of the Geneva movements at and above the master wheel; and means distinct from the lastnamed means for connecting together, as a lock against rotation, the cooperating members of the Geneva movements below the master wheel, the firstand second-named connecting means and the said Geneva movements having permanently-unobstructed, relative lateral movement therebetween, so as to enable said firstand second-named connecting means, during computation, to directly engage the cooperating members of the successive Geneva movements at suc cessive relative movements.

13. The combination, with a master wheel, and a gang of computing wheels; of Geneva movements for carrying tens from wheel to wheel along the gang, each Geneva movement comprising a pair of cooperating members disconnected from each other; a set or" independently-revoluble elements associated with the cooperating members of the Geneva movements at and above the master wheel, to couple the same together for rotation; and a single stationary element for engaging the cooperating members of all of the Geneva movements below the master wheel to prevent rotation thereof, the said Geneva movements and the said coupling elements and locking element having permanently unobstructed, relative lateral movement therebetween, so as to enable, at one such relative movement during computation, the coupling elements to be disengaged from the Geneva movements with which they were engaged and directly engage with the next higher Geneva movements, and the locking element to be directly engaged with the next higher Geneva movement.

14. The combination, with a gang of computing wheels; of devices for carrying tens along said gang, each tens-carrying device comprising members free of connection to each other; a series of independently-movable connectors icr connecting together the members of the tenscarrying devices in succession, said tens-carrying devices and said series of connectors having permanently unobstructed, relative lateral traveling movement therebetween; and means at each end of said series of connectors for engaging the members of the tens-carrying devices opposite the same, to hold them against rotation, each of said holding means andthe adjacent end of the series of connectors having a gap intervening therebetween.

15. In a computing machine, the combination with a series of computing wheels, of a casing for said wheels, partitions in aid casing at each fourth unit space, a carry over wheel for each computing wheel, an elongated hub on each carry over wheel that extends past the adjacent partition, and a collar fast on said partition holding said carry over wheel alined by its hub.

16. In a computing machine, the combination, with computing wheels; of carryover devices each comprising a gear permanently engaging its computing wheel, and

an idle wheel associated with each carryover gear, but detached therefrom; a master wheel arranged to drive said computing wheels acrz'atim; members permanently located on one side of said master wheel for coupling each idle wheel to its carry-over gear, so as to lock for operation the carryover devices at and above the master wheel; and a fixed member permanently located on the other side of said master wheel for locking the carry-over devices below th master wheel against operation.

17. lhe combination, with a set of computing wheels, and a master wheel for driving the same; of a tens-carrying train extending from each computing wheel to the next higher computing wheel, each train being normally broken or interrupted, so as to be incapable of carrying between juxtaposed computing wheels; and coupling means for completing said trains scrim i722, said coupling means and said trains having a step by-step, relative lateral movement therebetween, which is permanently unobstructed, so that at each stop said coupling means will be disengaged from one train and directly engaged with the next.

18. A computing apparatus combining a totalizer, a master wheel, said master wheel and totalizer having relative traverse in axial direction, tens-carrying trains connecting adjacent denominations of the totalizer, said trains each comprising a pair of coaxial elements relatively rotatable, and rotatable devices to couple said elements, said coupling devices being permanently disposed to the left of said master wheel and controlled with relation to said trains by said relative traverse.

19. In a computing machine, the combination, with a series of computing wiieels, and carry-over wheels driven thereby; of a connection between each carry-over wheel and the next higher computing wheel, comprising a gear for said computing wheel and a gear .for said carry-over wheel constantly meshing with the first-named gear, said computing wheels and their gears, and said carry-over wheels and their gears constituting two companion series oi? coaxial elements, one of which series has its associated component elements connected to rotate in unison, the other series having its component elements free of connection and formed with alining internal teeth or notches; and toothed coupling devices disposed internally of said other series for engagement with the teeth or notches thereof, to connect together associated elements of that series for rotation in unison, but releasable therefrom to break such connection.

20. A computing apparatus combining a series of computing wheels, a master wheel arranged to operate them scriatim, denominational carry-over devices each comprisingtwo coaxial members and forming a train with said wheels either driving or locking each wheel from the one below, a gear coaxial with each computing wheel forming part of the corresponding carry-over train, two coaxial elements of each train being p rmanent-ly coupled and the other two normally uncoupled, and keying means fixed relatively to the master wheel for coupling the uncoupled coaxial elements of each train above the master wheel.

21. A. computing apparatus combining a series of computing wheels arranged together in a set to form computing head, a master wheel for driving said computing wheels scrirrz' im, carry-over mechanism for enabling one computing wheel to carry tens to or borrow tens from the next higher computing wheel, and coupling means internal to said carry-over mechanism for enabling the locking of said computing wheels against movement, said set of computing wheels and said coupling means having permanently unobstructed relative tram cling movement, so that said computing wheels may be locked successively one by one against movement.

22. The combination, with a series of computing wheels, and a master member; of a set of tens-carrying devices comprising, each, a pair of relatively movable members; a series of independently-movable connectors for coupling together the members of the successive tens-carrying devices at and above the master member, said computing wheels and master member, and said tenscarrying devices and connectors having relative traverse therebetween; and means disposed in advance of said series of connectors for successively engaging the relativelymovable members of tens-carrying devices opposite the same, to hold them against rotation.

23. The combination, with a series of computing wheels, and. a master member; of a set of tens-carrying devices comprising, each, a pair of relatively-movable members; a series of independently-movable connectors for coupling together the members of the successive tens-carrying devices at and above the master member, said computing wheels and master member, and said tens-carrying devices and connectors having relative traverse thcrebetween; means disposed'in advance of said series of connectors for successively engaging the relatively-movable members of tens-carrying devices opposite the same, to hold them against rotation; and means for breaking the transfer between successive tens-carrying devices engaged with the front connector and with said holding means.

The combination, with a series of computing wheels, and a master member; of a set of tens-carrying devices comprising,

each, a pair of relatively-movable members; a series of independently-movable connectors for coupling together the members of the successive tens-carrying devices at and above the master member, said computing wheels and master member, and said tenscarrying devices and connectors having relative traverse therebetween; and means disposed in advance of said series of connectors for successively engaging the relativelymovable members of tens-carrying devices opposite the same, to hold them against rotation, said holding means and the front connector having a gap between them, to break the transfer between successive tenscarrying devices engaged with the front connector and with said holding means.

25. The combination, with a series of computing wheels, and normally-open trains for carrying tens from wheel to Wheel; of a master wheel for driving said computing wheels; a series of independently-movable elements for closing the successive tenscarrying trains at and above the master wheel, said computing wheels and master wheel, and said tens-carrying trains and closing elements having relative traverse therebetween; and means disposed in advance of said series of closing elements for successively locking against operation the trains opposite said means.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto setmy hand in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

'WVALTER WRIGHT. Witnesses:

NELLIE B. KEATING, EUGENE W. LEVY.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.

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