US1178499A - Apparatus for purifying liquid. - Google Patents

Description

C. R. DARNALL.

I APPARATUS FOR PURIFYING LIQUIDS.

APPLICATION FILED SEPRZB. 1911.

1 1,178,499. v Patented Apr. 11,1916.

- is risp stress crates.

APPARATUS FOR PURIF'IING LIQUID. i f

fipecification of Letters Patent.

Patented A r. 11,1916.

Application filed September 23, 1911. Serial No. 650,929.

To aZZwiw mz'tmay concern: I

Be-it known that I, CARL R. DARNALL, a citizen of the United States ofArnerica, residing at \Vashington, in the District of Columbia, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Appsratus for Purifying Liquids, of whichthefollowing is a specification.

My invention relates to apparatus for purifying liquids and has special reference to means for purifying water and-sewage by the use of dry chlorin gas. Theobjectpf the present-invention is to reduce the number of partsgnecessary for the successful operation pfthe apparatus,

thereby etlecting an economy in-installation and maintenance and to obtain a more direct Operation than has been heretofore possible. 5

The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings and will be hereinafter fully described with reference thereto, the novel features being subsequently nioreparticularly pointed out in the appended claim.

in elevation and partly in section of my improved apparatus, the figure being more or less diagrammatic in character. Fig. is a plan'view. Fig. 3 is a detail sectional elevation of a portion of the apparatus, showing a modification. Fig. 4 is a detail elevation, showing a further modification;

Fig, 5 is an enlarged detail section,

4 The liquid to be treated is conducted from any source of supply, indicated. in the drawings by a tank 1, through a main or conduit 2 which is provided with eut0fi val es 8 and 4 and in which is interposed a. mixing chamber, 5 of any preferred suitable 49 construction, "while beyond the said mixing cliambera goose-neck 6 is provided in the conduit'to form a water seal which will prevent loss of the gas, will be readily understood. The valve 3 is normally open 5 so as to permit a constant flow of liquid therethrough, while the valve 4; is opened or closed accordingly as it is desired to permit or arrest the operationcf the apparatus,

i the valve 4 being of greater capacity than 5 the valve 3, so that when the said valve 4 is opened the liquidwill flow freely through the conduit and Whenthe valve 4 is closed the water will he held in the conduit and will rise inthc pipe by which the purifying -agent is admitted to the conduit and thereby In the drawin s 'Fi ure 1 is aview part1 --beyond the said gage 18 the pipe is .pro-

create a back pressure upon the said agent whichwill arrest the flow of the same. Should it be necessary to repair or clean any part of the apparatus, the valve -3 is closed and the liquid is consequently prevented from entering the conduit, so that the conduitinay be drained, as will be readily understood. The dry chlorin gas is supplied from a drum, cylinder or other receptacle? from which a pipe 8 leads to a conductor 9, a cut-off valve 10 being provided in the pipe 8 by which the flow of gas may be permitted after the cylinder or drum 7 has been coupled to the said pipe and a similar pipe 11, equipped with a'valve 12, is coupled to the gas pipe 9 so that a plurality of drums may be 'provided and successively cut into use as the chargedrawn upo zl exhausted. A. pressure gage 13 is fitted on the gas conveying pipe 9 whereby the pressure ot the gas in the drum which is in use will be accurately noted and the attending operator will be apprised of the condition of his supply, so that he may cut-out an exhausted drum and cut-in a fresh drum in ample season to prevent ar 1y accidental or premature cessation of the operation of the apparatus. Beyond the-pressure gage 13, the gas'pipe 9 is equipped with a controlling valve 1th and, in the ar 8 rangeinent shown in Fig. 1, the'stem of this valve is provided with a crank disk 15, to which a lever 16 is secured, said lever being equipped with an adjustable weight 17, so that the working pressure of the gas may be varied vto any desired degree. A pressure gage 18 is mounted on the gas pipe 9 be yond the controlling valve 14, so as to indicate the working pressure ofthe'gas, and

sided with a short branch 19 leading into a gas receiver 20. Within thisgasrcceiver 20 is a flexible diaphragm 21, at the center'of which is provided a socket'22 projecting ,through the casing of the receiver and having a sea- 523 secured therein by a locknut 2 1, as shown most clearly in Fig. 5. .The seat 23 comprisesa stem 25,-threaded into the socket 22 and having th e'locli' nut 24 thereon, and a head 26' at the cute "end of said stein provided with a concav socket 2-7, in which is'fiitted gravity a ball 28 on the end formed preferably on the shorter arin of a lever 30, the longer arm of WlllCillS con- (san nected by a link 31 with the shorter arm'of a lever 32, the longer arm of said lever 32 a quickly to variations in the Working pressure and that a very slight change in the tension of the diaphragm due to variation in the pressure of the gas will cause a positive movement of the controlling valve so as to open or close the same and thereby maintain a constant low working pressureof the gas. The quantity of gas permitted to How to the conduit will also be thus automatically regulated and adjusted to the quantity of water being treated, so that there will be no waste of the gasduring the operation of the apparatus. The gas conveying pipe, beyond the branch 19, is preferably formed into a U-shaped member 34 from the discharge leg of whicha branch 35 leads into a pipe or tube,36, which opens directly into the mixing chamber 5'. This pipe or tube 36 may be provided with slots 37 covered with transparent material, so'that the attendant may readily perceive whether or not gas is passing to the mixing chamber, and as the height to which the water-will rise in the said tube 36 will indicate the pressure of the gas in the said tube, the gage 18 is not indispensable.

The U-shaped member 34 is filled with charcoal, fine clay or similar material, indicated at 38, so as to retard the flow of gas therethrough and permit it to enter the mixing chamber only in the minute quantities necessary for the proper treatment of the liquid. This retarding material also serves to. retain the dry condition of the gas, so that its action upon the water avill not be impaired and corrosion of the parts through which it passes will be prevented. The gas conducting pipe is also preferably equipped with valves 39and 40, by which the flow of gas may be cut off entirely when it is desired to repair, renew or clean any of the parts. 7

The operation of the apparatus is thought to be evident from the foregoing descriptiom The several parts of the apparatus being fitted together in the described relation, the gas containing drum is cut into operation byopening the valve immediately adjacent thereto, so as to permit the gas to flow into the gas conveying pipe 9. As initially there is no pressure other than atmospheric pressure in the receiver 20, the controlling valve 14 will be open and the gas will at once flow into said receiver and. act upon the diaphragm 21, so as to actuate the amplify" ing levers and close the controlling valve, and when the pressure of the gas is equal to or slightly exceeds the weight 17, the valve will be fully closed. The valves 39 and 40 jbeing'opened, gas will be permitted to flow into the mixing chamber 5, and the valves 3 and 4 being open, the water will flow through the conduit and will absorb the gas in the mixing chamber and be thereby purified. Should it be desired to arrest the oper ation, it is only necessary to close the valve 4 when the water will rise in the tube or pipe 36 and thereby create a back pressure upon the gas sufficient to raise the diaphragm 21 and completely cut off the inflow of the gas. While the water? is flowing through the conduit, the gas will be supplied thereto under a uniform low pressure inasmuch as the diaphragm 21 will drop as the gas is consumed. and consequently, the controlling valve will be opened to permit the flow of a sufiicient quantity of gas to keep the supply in the gas receiver constant.

. Instead of the system of levers shown in Fig. 1, I may employ the arrangement shown in Fig. 3 in which the controlling valve 41 is provided with a depending stem 42, fitting into the seat on the diaphragm and a spring 43 is coiled around said stem, so asto hold the stem firmly in its engagement with the seat. By varying the tension of the spring, the pressure necessary to operate the diaphragm may be adjusted to the same extent that shifting of the Weight 17 will accomplish that result in the arrangement shown in Fig.1. As the diaphragm rises and falls, the stem 42 will necessarily follow the movement and thereby close or open the valve 41, as will be readily understood. By reason of the ball and socket engagement of the stem and the seat on the diaphragm, the probability of binding of the parts and the consequent clogging of their movement is obviated.

In very large plants, Where it is not necessary to admit the gas in minute quantities to the water, I may employ the arrangement shown in Fig. 4. In this form of the device, the conduit 2 with its mixing chambe]; 5 and goose neck. 6 are of the same fdi'm as those shown 'in Fig. 1, but the gascdnveying pipe leads directly from the gas repeiver to the mixing chamber and the retarding tube 34 is dispensed with. The gasconveying pipe, indicated at 44, is provided with a short horizontal portion 45 adjacent the cut-off valve 46 in the conduit and in the said horizontal portion 45 is a'cut-oif valve 47. The cutoff valve 46 corresponds in its functions to the cut-oft valve 4 shown in Fig. 1, but the, stem 4.8 of said valve is extended above the operating hand wheel 49 and has a loose connection with the longer and the spring 53 Will be closed. Whenthe valve to is opened, of course, by the i upward movement of the stem 48, the valve 47 will be simultaneously opened. It will be observed that the lever 50 does not act directly upon the stem 51 of-the valve t7, but acts against the spring 53, so that should additional movement of the stem &8 be

necessary afterthe valve e? is closed, the

lever will be cushioned against thespring 53 and the bending of the said stem 51. will be thereby prevented.

It Will be understood, of course, that in this form of the invention a cock, similar to that shown at 40 in Fig. 1, may be provided in the gas pipe to regulate the quantity of gas admitted to said pipe.

Having thus described my invention, What I claim is: An apparatus for the purpose set forth comprising a gas conveyer, a gas receiver communicating laterally with the gas cnveyer but otherwise closed and having a portion movable under pressure of the gas in said conveyer, a controlling valve in said conveyor, a socket projecting from the movable portion of the gas receiver, a seat secured in said socket and having a concave recess in. its outer extremity, and movable devices having a, rocking detachable en- 7 gagement With the said concave recess, but

normally retained in engagement therewith by gravity, said movable devices'being con? nected with the controlling valve of the gas conveyer.

In testimony whereof I afiix my signature in the presence of two Witnesses.

CARL ROGER DARNALL. Witnesses R. BISHOP, i A. L. HOUGH.

Images