US1175462A

US1175462A - Ejector.

Info

Publication number: US1175462A
Application number: US83671914A
Authority: US
Inventors: Maurice Leblanc
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Societe Anonyme pour lExploitation des Procedes Westinghouse Leblanc SA
Priority date: 1914-05-06
Filing date: 1914-05-06
Publication date: 1916-03-14
Anticipated expiration: 1933-03-14

Description

M. LEBLANC.

EJECTOR.

APPLICATION, FILED MAY 6,1914.

Patented Mar. 14,1916.

' nzaunrcn anaemic, or vanssnmn, enomes,

norrarron one no AHOE IPQUE Z" EARKS, FNCE,

. for obtaining a high degree of compression and has for its object to construct a simple and efiicient apparatus of this kind having perfect stability in operation and also capaisle of easy starting.

In order that the nature of the invention may be clearly understood it will be described with reference to the accompanying drawing in which Figure l is a. sectional View of'a. simple form of ejector constructed in accordance with the present invention. Fig. 2 is a diagrammatic sectional View of a modified form of apparatus embodying my invention, and Fig. 3 is a sectional view along the line 3-3 of Fig. 2.

In ejectors of the kind to which the. in- I vention relates the motive fluid is conducted under pressure by one or more nozzles A into a chamber .B into which flows from a epipe C the fluid or fiuids to be entrained or ejected; the motive fluid draws these latter by friction into the converging-diverging difiuser D opening into a space E at pressure P. The pressure in the chamber 'B nlay be designated by p. The dimensions'of hedifierent parts of the ejector depend essentially onfthe retio-% and the amount-of fluid which is to be passed through. It

will be readily understood therefore that if an ejector is designed to obtain a high degrce of compression in ordinary servicejts dimensions will not be suitable for startmg or when the pressure p is varied. j

At the moment of starting especially, the steam passing from the nozzles into the space at the pressure P has a speed which is very much less than when it passes out at thepressure p. the otherhand the den sityof the entrainedfluid which is also at the pressure P and themes ejected is much eater than it is under normal conditions, ence a larger mass of fluid-flows into the difi'user at a lower speed. If the neck of the diuser has been calculated for normal operation it. will be too small for starting and t will take place with of If,

a rerun Limnanc, a

p mtlon t matters Patent. Patented Mar. dd, rein. e anate filed ne a, rate. semi no. scene.

on the contrary, the neck is too large for normal operationv the fluid column forced' into the'difl'user will have a contracted sectlon which is smaller than the neck-of the difiuser, it will therefore no'longer exactly fit the sides of the difiuser and. starting from the moment when it separates itself from the sides, eddies will be formed which interfere with a good output and with the stability of the ejector. lhis objection would be avoided if the walls of thedirluser could be made elastic in such a manner as to enable them to mold-themselves at all times to the fluid column. This result can be obtained by providing around the fluid mixture which is forced into the difiu'ser at the places where it tends to detach itself from the walls a fluid sheath which'willact as an elastic wall and prevent the column from expanding and thus giving rise to eddies. For this purpose at the desired point in the neighborhood of the neck of the diffuser there is provided as shown on the drawing an annular nozzle which communicates with the space E at the pressure P, or with a'space where this same pressure P is-existing.' At the moment of starting no fluid passes out of this nozzle but when a difi'erence of pressure is produced between the upper part of the ejector and the outlet pressure arises between the outlet of the *difi'user and the neck. The annular nozzle of the di-fiuser a corresponding difierence of 1' increases with the difierence of pressure and the nozzle is adjusted in .such a manner that when normal conditions are attained the total quantity of fluid passing through the neck, namely motive fluid, ejected 'fluid and fluid discharged by the annular :nozzle H, corresponds with the ensions of the neck. l

en the quantity of ejected fluid diminishcs the pre p tends to diminish,

.the pressure at the neck also diminishes-but the output of the annular nozzle increases so that the quantity of fluid passing through the neck is intained constant. It will be seen that an ejector constructed in this man- 'ner has, perfect stability, indendent oi the large ratio of the compon.

1 It may he-. observed that the quantity of fluid sup to the difiuser by the annular nozzle can'be very large without impeding the operation: of the ejector in any way, be-

to the pressure existing at the lower part of the ejector. The fluid discharged by the annular nozzle may be air if the difiuser discharges into the atmosphere. A

I The annular nozzle may be replaced either by one or several distributing nozzles located along the length of the difi'user at suitable points or by pipes ofsuitable form nozzle for the motive fluid, an inlet for the fluid to be exhausted, a difiuser'having a or by any other suitable arrangement.

. lln.Figs. 2 and 3 l have illustrated an embodiment of my invention similar to the apparatus illustrated in llig. 1, but in which the annular nozzle His vreplaced. byan annular series of nozzles H the inlet ends of which are in communication with the region into which the ejector exhausts.

While l have illustrated but two embodi- 4 merits of my invention, it will be apparent to those skilled the art that various changes, substitutions, additions and omissions may be made in the apparatus illustrated without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as set forth by the appended claims.

What i claim is: l. in an ejector, the'combination of a v nozzlefor the motive fluid, an inlet for the dll . the difiuser tluid at a;

I portion of the difiuser.

fluid to be exhausted, a converging-diverging diduser and means for introducing into pressure equal t o that of the ejectedfiuid. r

2. in an ejector, the combination of a nozzle for'the motive fluid, an inlet for the fluid to be exhausted, a diduser 'having a constricted portion and an admission port for auxiliary fluid adjacent said constricted 3; In an ejector, the combination of a nozzle for the motive fluid,.an inlet for the fluid to be exhausted, a difi'user having a neck or constricted portion, and an admission port for auxiliary fluid between said nozzleand said neck.

d. In an ejector, the combination of a nozzle for the motive fluid, an inlet for the fluid to be exhausted, a converging-divergingdiduser and a pipe connecting the space admitted to said diduser into which the diffuser discharges with a.

portnear the other-end of said difi'user.

5.. In an ejector, the combination of a nozzle tor the motive .fiuid, an inlet for the duid'to be. exhausted, a diffuser having a neck or constricted portionj'and an annular port through which auxiliary fluid maybe nozzle and said neck.

nozzle for the motive fluid; an inlet for the fluid: to be exhausted, a 'diduser having a. neck or constricted portion, an annular port between said nozzle and saidneck and a pipe acts as an elastic sheath and ntense neck or constricted ortion, a plurality of nozzles between said nozzle and said neck an nozzles to the space into which-the ejector discharges. 1

9. An apparatus of the "character 'described comprising, a chamber having an inlet for the fluid to be exhausted, means for delivering 'impelling fluid to said chamber,

. a difiuser communicating with the chamber and through which the impelling and the exhausted fluid (fluid-mixture) passes, and

a pipe connecting said plurality of means for admitting, at the places where the fluid-mixture tends to detach itself from the wall of the difiuser, a fluid sheath which will act as an'elastic wall and prevent the column of fluid-mixture from expanding.

10. In an ejector, a convergent divergent tube having near one end an inlet for fluid to be exhausted, at least one divergent nozzle for delivering impelling fluid to the inlet end of said tube, and a' series of nozzles for delivering auxiliary fluid to the tube at points. where the exhausted and iuipelling fluid (fluid mixture) travers-' ing the tube tends todetach itself from the wall of the tube,-whereby the'auxiliaryfiuid prevents the fluid mixture from expanding.

ll. In an ejector,-a convergent divergent tube having an inlet for the fluid to be exhausted communicating with theconvergent portion thereofiat least one fluid delivery nozzle for'delivering impellingfluid to the inlet end of said tube,- and, means communi- 1'10 eating with the region into which said ejector discharges for admitting auxiliary fluid from said. region to said tube at the point within the tube where the exhausted and impelling' fluid (fluid mixture) traversing the tube tends to detach itself from the wall thereof, whereby the auxiliary fluid acts as a filler for the tube and prevents the fluid mixture-from expanding. between said in testimony whereof l have hereunto sub a Y scribed my name this 21st'day of April 1914:. 6.4m an ejector, the combination eta.

I MAURICELEBLANC. Witnesses: j'm- Hanson-C. Com,