US1171393A - Excavating apparatus. - Google Patents

Description

C. A. MORRIS. DEC'D C. R. MORRIS, EXECUTRIX. EXCAVATING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED AUG-9, I913- 1,171,393. Patented Feb. 8,1916.

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WIN/58858 I Q} Q I INVEIVTOR- W UizarZesA.%rris C. A. MORRIS, DECD.

C. R. MORRIS; EXECUTRIX.

-EXCAVAT|NG APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED AUG-9. 1913.

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'WITNESSES INVENTOR 94. C I U/iarZesAJ Zbrris k v Patented Feb. 8, 1916.

,BY 7 I I 7h 6 v ATTORNEYS C. A. MORRIS. DECD.

C- R. MORRIS, EXECUTRIX.

EXCAVATING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FIRING-9,1913.

1 Patented Feb. 8,1916.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3- wlmssss Y 4 INVENTOR C. A- MORRIS, DECD.

C. R. MORRIS, EXECUTRIX.

EXCAVATING APPARATUS.

' APPLICATION FILED AUG-9, I913- Patented Feb. 8,1916.

\ 4 SHEETS-SHEET 4- WITNESSES INVENTOR W C 5 C c I E l U/zarZesA.. !T0rris pr I W0 1 f I UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CHARLES A. MORRIS, OF MONTCLAIR, NEW JERSEY; CLARA R. MORRIS, EXECUTRIX. OF SAID CHARLES A. MORRIS, DECEASED, ASSIGNOR TO THE HAYWARD COMPANY,

OF NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

EXCAVATING APPARATUS.

Specification of Letters latent.

Application filed August 9, 1913. Serial No. 783,866.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, CHARLES A. MORRIS, a citizen of the United States, residing at Montclair, county of Essex, and State of New Jersey, have invented acertain new, and useful Excavating Apparatus, of

ed with means operable by the cable or cables for opening and closing the bucket so as to render it self-loading when in contact with the material, and to render it self-dumping after the material shall have been hoisted and conveyed to the desired point of deposit. Many ofthe prior structures have embodied toggle mechanism for effecting the opening and closing movement of the pivoted sections composing the structure, but in nearly all instances such toggle mechanism was constructed and operated in a manner to involve a loss of force and efficiency in the movement of said pivoted members as the latter move toward their closed positions,.the force and efliciency decreasing progressively the more the sections travel toward their closed positions. As the material is loaded into the bucket by the operation of closing the pivoted sections, it is desirable, and in fact necessary, to increase the'force of the toggle mechanism during the closing period of the sections, for the reasonv that the resistance of the material increases during the a closing period of the sections. Accordingly, the present invention embodies a sectional tially rigid framework when combined with u bucket or analogous structure of the class specified embodying members each pivoted intermediate the ends thereof to a substana toggle mechanism the parts of which are so organized and connected as to apply force increasingly to the pivoted members as the latter approach the closed positions thereof. The principle of the inventlon ls the same whether the invention is embodied in a grapple, a clam shell bucket, or an orange peel bucket. Y

An important structural advantage secured by my invention is that the height, or vertical dimensions, of the grapple or bucket is substantially less than that of prior buckets, without involving any decrease in the capacity of the bucket. The height of the head or frame is less than the corresponding part in prior structures owing to the simple and compact arrangement of the toggle mechanism.

Other features of the invention and the advantages thereof will appear from the following detail description.

In the drawings, Figure l is a side elevation of a grapple embodying this invention with theparts in their open or spread positions. Fig. 2 is a vertical section on the line 2 2 of Fig. 3, looking in the direction Patented Feb. 8, 1916.

a plan view of the parts at the upper end of the grapple, said figure being on a reduced scale as compared with Figs. 1, 2 and 3. Fig. 5 is a detail section on the line 55 of Fig. 3. Fig. 6 is a side elevation of the invention as embodied in a clam shell bucket. Fig. 7 is a vertical section on the line 77 of Fig. 8 looking in the direction of the arrow. Fig. 8 is a section in a plane at right angles to F ig47 and on the dotted line-88 of said Fig. 7 looking in the direction of the arrow. Fig. 9 is a detail view of one member. composing the head or frame, and the slide employed in connection with said member. e

.I will first proceed to describe the invention embodied in a grapple, substantially as shown in Figs. 1 to 5, inclusive, wherein A designates the pivoted members, B a head or skeleton frame, C a vertically movable member or carrier constituting one element of the toggle mechanism, D the links of said toggle mechanism, E a hoist line, and F a dump line. I

Any desired number of members A may be used, but the drawings show four members arranged on the quarters of a circle,

the center of a circle. Each member is shown as consisting of side plates a a; and

cross stays a attached rigidly to the side plate so as to unite them in a substantial manner. The member is pivoted intermediate its ends in one part of the frame or head B by a bolt f, and at the free end of member A there is provided a digging toe f. The side plates of member A are curved longitudinally so as to give the member the required form. At the upper end of two members A are mounted pulleys g, which are adapted to be engaged by the dump line F in the manner hereinafter described.

The head or skeleton frame B is shown as consisting of a series of upright inclined channel pieces 6, a second series of upright channel pieces I), transverse bottom pieces 5 and a top piece 6 The top and bottom pieces 72 6 respectively, are parallel, and to said pieces are firmly riveted or bolted the upper and lower ends of the inclined andinside rails 32 6, thereby producing a substantial frame adapted'to carry or support the several moving parts of the structure. As shown more particularly in Fig. 3, each member A is positioned between the inclined pieces I) and the lower pieces 6 of the frame, and through the several parts pass the bolts I so as to pivotally connect each swinging member A to the head or frame in a substantial manner. Q

The movable part or carrier C is positioned between the inside members I) so as to slide freely in an up and down direction between said members. This vertically movable part or carrier is shown as consisting of side plates a united by cross bolts or studs 0', said side plates 0 having any suitable form, preferably the form shown more particularly in Fig. 2. The'side plates are provided with suitable bearings for a shaft or arbor h of a pulley H, the latter being positioned partly between the side plates 0 of the carrier so that the pulley is movable with said carrier up and within the frame B. r

The movable part or carrier C forms one element of the toggle mechanism, the other elements of which consist of links D. The links correspond in number to pivoted members A, and they are arranged radially with respect to the movable carrier C. Each link down is connected at its inner end to a corner of,

frame B the links D will be pulled upon so as to force outwardly the upper ends of as will be seen by reference to Fig. 2, and

the vertical movement of part or carrier C thus acts upon the links of the toggle mechanism to impart increased force to the toggle as members A swing to their closed positions, whereby the pivoted members are actuated by a toggle of increasing force so as to fully close the structure upon the load in a manner to seize or grapple the load notwithstanding the resistance of said load to the closing movement of the structure.

The upper member 6 of the head or frame is provided with bearings for the reception of pulley shafts i, one of which is provided with a pulley I, and the other with a pulley I. The hoist line E passes downwardly through the top part b of the head or frame so as to engage with pulley I, thence said hoist line passes to and beneath pulley H of the moving part or carrier C, and. thence passes in an upward direction to the upper part If, at which point the hoist line is anchored by a bolt 6 securely fastened to top member 6 of the head or frame.

The dump line F passes downwardly through the top member 6 of the frame or head in a manner to engage with the pulley T, thence said dump line passes beneath a pulley g on one of the pivoted members, thence said line passes across from said pulley on one member to and beneath the other pulley g on the opposite member, and thence said dump line passes across in an opposite direction back to the first pivoted member, at which point the free end of the dump line is anchored or attached by a bolt 7, the manner of reeving dump line F being illustrated more particularly in Fig. 2.

When the weight of the grapple is imposed on the dump line F the members A are opened or spread as shown in Fig. l, the a carrier C and pulley H moving downwardly to the lower part of the head or frame, whereas the links D assume substantially vertical positions shown in the drawings. The members of the grapple having been opened, it is "lowered into contact with the lower ends'of members A inwardly toward each other, whereby the links of the toggle are moved in a manner to exert increasing force upon members A as the latter are moved toward their closed positions.

The invention when embodied in a clam shell bucket, as shown in Figs. 6 to 9, inclusive, consists of pivoted members A, a skeleton frame or head B, a vertically moving part (1 in the form of slides, links D, a hoist line E, and a dump line F.

The sections or members A composing the two halves of the clam shell bucket each consist of side plates 7' and a curved bottom 7" provided with a cutting edge 7' said sections being similar to devices ordinary in the art. The bucket sections are provided with upwardly extending arms j and on one side of the bucket direction pulleys J J are supported on these upwardly extending arms 7' by suitable spindles j.-

The frame or head B is shown as consisting of parallel side plates k substantially triangular in shape. These plates are joined or united together in a substantial manner by metallic rods k and by a top plate K, the rods 70 passing through the respective side plates of the frame or head and through the side plates 7' of the bucket sections, whereby said sections A are pivotally supported or connected to the frame or head B. It will be noted that the cross rods 7c pass through the respective bucket sections A intermediate the ends thereof, the arms i of the bucket sections extending rods 70'.

The top cross piece K of the frame or head B is provided with a central slot Z, and adjacent to this slot is a road bracket L which supports the arbor Z of a direction pulley L, the latter being positioned at one side of the slot l. The hoist line E passes downwardly through the .slot Z to and beneath a pulley M which is mounted for free rotation on a vertically movable member 0, the latter being the equivalent,

mechanically considered, of the carrier C in the construction of the grapple shown by Figs. 1 to 5, inclusive, said hoist line E passing from the pulley M upwardly to a lug e provided on the under side of the top cross plate K, whereby the free end of the hoistline is anchored on the head or frame B.

The dump line F passes beneath direction pulley L, thence across the upper part of the bucket. as shown in Fig. 8 to and over a pulley L, the latter being supported at the upper corner .of the bucket exteriorly to the pivoted sections thereof, thence the dump line passes downwardly around the pulley J supported on the arm 7' of one laucket member A. thence across the bucket o and around the pulley J supported upwardly from the pivotal.

on the arm 7' of the other bucket section, and thence back across the bucket toward. the pulley J, the free end of said dump line F being anchored fixedly on the bucket in a suitable way atv I, see the dotted line illustration in Figs. 6 and 7. It should be stated that a direction sheave M is supported in a hanger depending from the top cross member K so that the hoist line E will contact with said sheave M as it runs 'towardthe pulley M. Furthermore, a direction sheave L is supported on the outside of the bucket between the direction pulley L and the pulley J, the pulleys L L and L being so related that the dump line F will be properly directed-toward the pulleys J J onthe respective bucket sections.

The side plates 71: of the head or frames B are provided with vertical guideways p and with slots 9, said guideways being reduced in width at their lower parts so as to form shoulders 79 as shown more particularly in Fig. 9. The guideways p and slots 79 open through the lower edges of plates is. In each guideway is fitted a slide C, the upper part of which is headed at 9 so as to form shoulders g. The slide fits within the guideway for the headed upper part 9 to occupy the wide part of the guideway 12, but when the slide reaches a certain point in its downward movement the shoulder g of said slide rests upon the shoulder p of the guideway, thereby limiting the downward movement of the slide relative to the head or frame. The slides C are provided with slots 1', the latter being in alinement with the slots 3? in the side plates 9 of the frame. The spindle 0 extends horizontally across the frame or head, the end portion 0 of said spindle receiving the links D, as shown in Figs. 6 and 8. Said spindle is reduced in diameter, as at 0, to form tenons, and the tenons of said spindle pass through the slots 1" in the slides, and the slots p in the side plates of the frame or head. The

slides p are retained in the guideways of:

plates is by face .plates is suitably secured to plates 70, and it is thus apparent that the slides are free to move up and down with spindle 0 relative to the plates 70 of head B, although the downward movement of the slides C will be limited by the shoulders 9 thereof contacting with the shoulders 79 of the side plates k, but the operation of stopping the downward movement of the slides C does not necessarily arrest the downward movement of, the spindle O, for the reason that spindle O is free to travel in a downward direction in the slots p of the side plates and the slots 0" of slides C.

closed, it is apparent that the slides will serve, also, to arrest the downward move ment of the spindle and its consequent disengagement from the operating parts of the bucket.

- The links D are positioned in pairs at the respective sides of the bucket. The links of one pair are connected pivotally to arms 7' of the bucket sections by the bolts j, whereas the inner ends of the links composing each pair are fitted on the end portion 0 of spindle O. The spindle and the links form the toggle mechanism, said spindle 0 being the mechanical equivalent of the pulley carrier C in the construction heretofore described. The pulley M is supported on the spindle O for rotation freely thereon, said pulley being retained in position by collars s so as to prevent sliding movement on the spindle. The pulley is 'shown as having guides s for retaining the hoist line in pulley.

By imposing the weight of the bucket upon the dump line F the stress or pull of said line on the anchorage f tends'to move the direction sheaves J J inwardly and to proper engagement with the depress the links D and the spindle 0,

whereby the sections A of the bucket are thrown open, as shown in Fig. 6. The bucket may now. be dropped into contact with the material so as to partially embed said bucket therein, and tension is applied to the hoist line E. The pull of the hoist line on the fixed anchorage 6 tends to raise pulley M and spindle Q, said spindle moving upwardly in thewslot r until it contacts with the upper closed ends of said slots in the slides C, and thereafter the continued upward. movement of the spindle and the pulley lifts the slides C in the guideways p, whereby the spindle is directed by the cooperating slides and guideways of the head or frame. This upward movement of the spindle tends to. elevate the inner ends of the links D and to swing the bucket sections A on their pivots la, thereby closing the bucket sections toward each other. It is to be noted that the links of the toggle move toward a position wherein the toggle links will be in alinement during the inward or closing movement of the bucket sections, and this toggle mechanism has its parts so proportioned and arranged that said toggle mechanism acts with increasing force during the closing movement of the bucket, thus loading the bucket efliciently notwithstanding the resistance of the material composing the load. The bucket with its load may be hoisted and conveyed-by the line B to a place where the load'is to be dumped, at which time the weight of the bucket and load is shifted from linerE to dump line F, whereby the pull of line F. from the fixed anchorage f draws the pulleys J J toward each other, thereby swinging sec- 1,171.,aes

tions A of the bucket to their open posi- {d038, thus automatically discharging the oa Having thus fully described the invention, .What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1. In an excavator, the combination with a head or frame, of a plurality of members pivoted to said head or frame, a vertically movable member, links connecting said pivoted members with said vertically movable member, a hoist line cooperating with said vertically movable member for imparting movement thereto in a direction to close said pivoted members, said links and the vertically movable member operating to increasingly apply force upon the "pivoted members as the latter move inwardly toward each other, and a dump line having running engagement directly with said pivoted members for imparting movement thereto in an outward direction.

2. In an excavator, the combination with a header frame, of a plurality of members pivoted to said head or frame, a sliding part, means for directing the movement of said sliding part relatively to said head or frame,

links connecting said sliding part with the direction, said running engagement between the dump line and the pivoted members being positioned above the pivotal points of said members.

3. In an excavator, the combination with a head or frame, of a plurality of members each nivoted intermediate the ends thereof to said head or frame, a sliding part linked to said pivoted members, a hoist line for imparting movement to said sliding part,

thereby operating to swing the pivoted members inwardly toward each other, and a dump line having running engagement with said pivoted members above the pivot thereof, said dum'p line operating directly upon the pivoted members for swinging them outwardly into an open position.

4. In an excavator, the combination of a plurality of pivoted members, a sliding part linked to said members, a hoist line contacting with said sliding part for imparting movement thereto in a direction for swinging-the pivoted members inwardly toward each other, and a dump line having running engagement with said pivoted members for imparting movement thereto in an outward direction to open the same.

5. In an excavator, the combination of a head or frame, a plurality of members each pivoted intermediate the ends thereof directly to a rigid part of said frame, a sliding part linked to the pivoted members, a hoisting line attached at one end to the head or frame and having a running connection with the sliding part for imparting movement to the sliding part and the links so as to act with increasing force upon the pivoted members during the closing movement thereof, and a dump line having a running connection with said pivoted members for positively opening the latter.

6. In an excavator, the combination of a head or frame, a sliding part movable therein, a plurality of pivoted members each having a direct pivotal connection with a rigid part of said head or frame, links pivoted to the sliding part and to said pivoted members, a hoist line, and a dump line attached to a part of the structure and having a running connection directly with the pivoted members.

7. In an excavator, the combination of a head or frame, a sliding part movable therein, a plurality of pivoted members each having a direct pivotal connection with a rigid part of said head or frame, links pivoted to the sliding part and to said pivoted members, a hoist line attached to the head or frame and having a running engagement with the sliding part, and a separate dump line having a running engagement directly with the pivoted members.

8. In an excavator, the combination of a head or frame, a pulley carrier slidably fitted thereto, a pulley mounted in said carrier, a hoist line attached at one end to said frame and having a running engagement with the pulley of said pulley carrier, a plurality of members each having a direct pivotal connection with the rigid part of said frame, and links pivoted to the pulley carrier and to the pivoted members.

9. In an excavator, the combination of a head or frame provided with a vertical guideway, a pulley carrier fitted to said guideway for vertical movement relative to the head or frame, a pulley journaled on said carrier, a hoist line attached to the frame and having a running engagement with the pulley, a plurality of members each having a direct pivotal connection with a rigid part of said frame or head, and links pivoted to the pulley carrier and pivoted to the pivoted members. 4

10. In an excavator, the combination of a head or frame, a sliding part therein, a plurality of members each pivoted directly to a rigid'part of said head or frame, certain of said pivoted members being provided with pulleys, links pivoted to the sliding part and to the pivoted members, a dump line attached at one end and having a running engagement with the pulleys of said pivoted members, and a hoist line having a runningjengagement with said sliding part.

' 11. In an excavator, the combination with a frame, and a plurality-of swinging members pivoted thereto, of a sliding part operatively connected with said swinging members, guiding means with which said sliding part is in contact, a hoist line cooperating with said sliding part for imparting movement thereto and thereby move the swinging members in one direction, and a dump line reeved into sliding engagement with the swinging members for directly imparting movement thereto in an opposite direction.

12. In an excavator, the combination with a frame, and a plurality of swinging. members pivoted thereto, of a sliding part, guiding means in contact with said sliding part for directing the movement thereof, means connecting said sliding part with the swinging members, a hoist line attached to the frame and having running engagement with the sliding part, and a dump line separate from the hoist line, said dump line having sliding engagement with said swinging members at one side of the pivotal connections between the frame and said swinging members.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

CHARLES A. MORRIS. Witnesses:

M. C. RODRIGUEZ,

H. I. BERNHARD.

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