US1169358A

US1169358A - Musical pipe instrument.

Info

Publication number: US1169358A
Application number: US76161813A
Authority: US
Inventors: Niklas Schilzonyi
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1913-04-16
Filing date: 1913-04-16
Publication date: 1916-01-25
Anticipated expiration: 1933-01-25

Description

N. SCHILZONYL MUSICAI. PIPE INSTRUMENT. APPLICATION FILED APR. I6. 1913.

1,169,358. Patented Jan. 25, IIN@ 3 SHEETS-SHEET I.

N. SCHLZONYI.

MUSICAL PIPE INSTRUMENT.

APPLICATION FILED APR. te. 1913.

Patented Jan. 25, 1916.

8 w w w 9 e w m /y 1., Mx

N. SCHILZONYI.

MUSICAL PIPE INSTRUMENT.

APPLICATION HLED APR. 16. 1913.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

Patented; Jan. 25, 19H3.

rangements.

NIKLAS SGIHLZONYI, FWHITTI'R, CALFQRNIA.

Musical. rien ms'rnuirnu'r.

l Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 25, 1916.

Application filed April 16, 1913. Serial No. '761,6t.

To all whom it may concern Be it -known that l, NiiiLAs ScniLzoiiY-i,A a citizen ot the United States, residing at Whittier, in the county of Los Angeles and State of California, have invented a new and useful Musical Pipe Instrument, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to moutlrblown musical pipe instruments and may be -embodied in instruments having a single reed for each. mouth, thus resembling instruments of the clarinet family, that is to say, clarinets, saxophones and the like; and may also be embodied in instruments having a plurality otreedsfor each mouth as is the case with double reed instruments such as oboes, bassoons and the like. and it may also be einbodied iii instruments of the tlageolet family. The invention is pioneer in that l provide a inusicaliiiouth. blown pipe instrument which is capable of being played by one person usingboth hands and which will produce two sounds at the saine; tiiiie and in whichthe sounds of simultaneously played notes'may ditter in color, in rangev and 'in tone quality, and may be played inlany in-y terval of the full chromatic scale of two or more octaves, as the intervals of seconds,

AAn object is to give a richer color effect by a single player than was heretofore possible and to increase the orchestral effect forms and with various numbers of ventsl and arrangements ot keys and it is notl deemed necessary to show and specifically describe each of the various forms and ar.

The invention involves various basic and original features among which may be particularly mentioned, 'the arrangement in e reed instrumentl 'of `vents and keys whereby the full chromatic scale of two or more octaves can be 'executed on one tube by one h'and of the player, and whereby said full chromatic scale of two Ior more octaves can be played throughoutwith either single or double notes at the will of the player blowing through the single mouthpiece'and the Another basic feature. is the construction whereby two full chromatic scales can be played on the saine instrument at the same time, thus introducing the wind instrument above referred to, into a. wider field of solo performance and enabling the soloist on a mouth played pipe instrument to produce double toned effects after the manner of violins and other string instruments.

A further basic feature of the invention is the combination in a single mouth blown pipe instrument, of a cylindrical and a taper tube thus' simultaneously giving Vthe color effects of instruments corresponding respectively to the clarinet and the saxophone.

lt is to be assumed in reading the accompanying drawings that the vents .are only approximately placed; it being left to the skill of the manufacturer to time the instrument by properly arranging the vents along. and proportioning them to the bore and to y each other; the A sharp Vents being ot' the thirds, fourths,etc., at the willlof the player. l u

vusual reduced size so 'as to serve as the octave vents.

The accompanying drawings illustrate theinveiition in four forms of instrumentl known respectively asthe duonett, the'du phone, the saxonett andthe clariphone; all being of the clarinet family. f*

Figure' 1 is a fragmental or top view of a -duonett constructed,naccordance with this invention. i Fig. 2 is a back or bottom view of the duoiiett shown in Fig. l, the reeds and their band being broken to expose the reed seats andthe mouthser wind holes iii the phone shown in Fig?.- 3. Fig. 5 is an en-` r larged cross-sectionon linek Fig. l. Fig. 6 is a front view of a saxonett.` Fig. l is a front view of a clariphone. Fig. 8 is an enlarged fragmental view illustrating in part the linger-piece arrangement of the right pipe of the duonett. Fig. 9 is an enlarged fragmental view illustrating in Apart the finger-piece arrangement of the left pipe 'of the duonett. Fig. l0 is an elevationot the group of overlapping iinger-pieces'shown in playing with the fingers of one or both notes.

Fig. 9. Fig. 11 is an enlarged detail to illustrate the extensible keys.

The views are more or less of a diagram-r matic character.

A andAdi for the right tube and Referring first to the instrument shown in Figs. l and 2, the soundproducing means comprises a mouth-piece 50 provided with two reed-covered mouths or

wind holes

51, 51 communicating respectively with the

flues

52, 52 that terminate in

sockets

53, 53 that receive the reduced

ends

54, 54 of the right and left pipes or

tubes

55, 55 that are held together and spaced apart by the bands 56, 57. The mouth-.piece 50 constituting means for introducing air to both tubes-is .provided between the mouths 5l, 51 with a rib 58 on opposite sides of which are mounted the

reeds

59, 59 that rest on

flat seats

60, 60 at opposite sides of said rib 58. The reeds are fastened to the mouth-piece by the reed band 61 in the usual manne-r of securing reeds to clarinet mouth-pieces. The mouth-piece in the present instance is one solid piece and the portion between the

mouths

51 and 51 is so formed that the wind cannot escape therebetween. The rib 158 positioned between said mouths further "prevents escape of wind between said mouths and between the

reeds

59 and 59 whereby the reeds will be properly vibrated. The fines 52, .52 in the mouth piece diverge from the

mouths

51, 51 and communicate with the voicing pipe channels or bores G2, 62 respectively in register therewith, so that when the reduced ends 54, 511 of' the tubes are inserted into the sockets, the adjacent sides of said tubes will be parallel with each other, thus bringing the instrument into a compact and convenient form. The bell ends of the tubes may be provided with spigots 63, G3 for two bells not shown, or for one bell 64 which is provided with two

sockets

65, 65, to receive said spigots'` or tube'ends 63, 63',

Each of the tubes is provided with the usual finger and key holes or vents to determine the speaking lengths of the tubes, and said vents are marked in the drawings with the characters E, Fit, F, Gat?, G, Aatt, A, B, C, Cit, D, D#, E', F, Ft, G', Citt',

a:#:, b', 0 cil", representing full chromaticn scales of the lower register; said charactersn bein connected with leaders pointing towar said vents; the characters for the second octave of each tube being distinguished by an index. The vents are digitally controlled directlyorby keys. While the instrumentv is at rest, as on the table or While not being manipulated by the hand, some of the vents are normally open and others are normally closed. Thenormally-closed Vents and their keys are indicated by black dots and the normally open vents and their keys are vipdicated by circles. For playing the upper`'egister of said scales `the octave keys Ait and ait are kept open by the thumb while the scales are played by the fingers.

are sounded and are also held open while A,

the higher scales are being played by over blowing.

The construction of thekeys is indicated in a diagrammatic manner, and it is understood that they may be extensible for adjustment to long or short fingers, and that the normally-closed vents are opened by pressure of the fingers or thumbs, as the case may be, upon the fingerpieces of the keys that control such vents, while the normally open vents are closed by pressure upon the keys controlling such vents, or by digits applied directly ^to the vents.

The finger pieces of' thc right keys (5, 8, 11 and 13 for Cai, Dit, F# and Gil: are grouped together and finger-piece 8 overlaps linger piece 6;, finger piece 11 overlaps finger piece 8, and finger piece 13 overlaps finger piece 11; so that when 13 is pressed down by the first finger of the right hand, vents Cdr, .Dz/i, F# and G# are all open, thus giving the note G sharp, and may be successively closed to sound F sharp, D sharp and C sharp, by simply shifting the first finger from 13 to 11, 11 t o 8, S to and then ofl" of 6. The same is the case with the grouped

keys

7, 9, 10, 12,514 which overlap in the order named and are operated by the first finger' to open their normally closed vents.

The

keys

5, 4, 3, 2 and l are also grouped together and are overlapped in the order named and their normally open vents may all be elo-ted by pressing down key 1" by the fourth inger of the left hand, thus opening vent z a id giving the note G; then by shifting the fourth finger to finger piece 2, 3., 4 and 5 successively the vents git, a, a# and Z) are opened to give the notes G sharp, A, A sharp and B. Then releasing key 5" gives C.

The rib` 58 between the reeds enables the player to adjust his lip to the reeds discriminatingly so as to [apply the air appropriately to the reed coverings of the separate mouths independently of each other; thus giving a wide field in which to exercise the skill of the player in either the clarinet type, or the bassoon type of instrument.

The right tube 55 is played with the right hand only, and the left tube 55 with the left hand only. In the right tube the lower section has eight vents E, Fit, F, Git, Gr,

Ajit, A and B, and the upper section ten vents lirstsecond and third fingers sounded when the fingersand thumb of the right hand are not in action, and the open vent B determining the note.

. Still referring to Figs. 1 and 2, it will be noted that the live vents B, A, G, F and E on the right tube 55 are normally open and all the other vents on the right tube are normally closed; and it will be understood that in order to give the lowest note of said tube 55, all the vents of said tubemust be closed; and said normally open vents therefore, are closed by pressing the thumb on the linger-piece l, the fourth finger on the finger-piece 2 of the F key, and the other three lingers of lthe right hand on the normally open vents B, A, G. While blowing the instrument the right thumb being on the key at the back of the right tube, and the on the front vents B, A and G `and the fourth finger on the key l, thus closing the front vent F, the vents of the entire tube are closed and said lowest note E of the right tube will be sounded; leaving the four lingers down gives F natural; then pressing the thumb on the next key 3, atsthe back of the instrument gives F sharp; releasing the same key with the 'thumb and fourth finger together, gives natural; then pressing key 4 with the fourth linger gives Gr sharp; then releasing the third and fourth linger gives A natural; then pressing down key 5 with the third finger gives A sharp; then releasing the second-and third linger gives B natural and then releasing the` lirst linger gives C natural. linger will operate

keys

6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13 and 14 for the following notes respectively C sharp, D, D sharp, E, F, F sharp, G, G sharp and A. Key 15 on the back of the right tube may then also be Yopened by pressing the right thumb thereon, thus adding the note A sharp; then releasing the other keys and covering the entire lower section of the instrument while vent Agi is open, gives the noteB, and then opening the lowest key 1 with the thumb gives C;

pressing the key 3 on the. back with the thumb gives C sharp; releasing the thumb and the fourth finger gives D; pressing the key 4. by the fourth linger gives D sharp; releasing the third and fourth lingergives E; pressing key 5 with theathird F; releasing the second and third finger gives F sharp; and releasing the first 4linger gives G. `From here up the first linger will be usedlas before for G sharp, A, A sharp,

B, C, C sharp, D, D sharp E ofthe upper octave. The left tube 55 is operated entirely .with the Aleft-hand, the lower section thereof having live normally open vents g,

gqgt, a, a# and b operated by keys l, 2", 3 el and 5t Closing vent g in the back with the'left thumb and the vents e, d and c then releasing the thumb andthe second linger From the note C upward the lirst fingering as abovedescribed.

linger gives at the front of the instrument with the first,

second and third-fingers as indicated by 'the' key to key and finally releasing the fourth finger thus giving the notes from G sharp to C natural.

be played by" i and 5 suci During this the third, second and first fingers continue to close the vents o, al, c, respectively, and the thumb closes vent g. rNow pressing key G with the lfourth linger gives thenote C sharp; then vents C and C# gives the note D; then pressing key 7 D` sharp; releasing the second and third lingers from vents al and d# gives E. Releasing first linger from vent c and pressing the second finger sharp; then releasing the thumb from vent g gives the note G; finger on the side key 8 gives Cr sharp; then pressing the lirst linger on the next key releasing the third and fourth fingers from with the third linge'rgives Y;

gives the note F; releasing `r from its vent gives F then pressing the first y 9 gives A, then pressing the thumb on the j 'i' key 10 thus keeping 9 and 10"' open gives eef Aft; then shifting the thumb up and thusr :E

also pressing key 11 gives B; then still4 Y vpressing keys 1, 10 and 11 and thusA keeping the vents a', a# and b open pressing tle'finger on key 12 gives C; then rocking the nger sidewise releasing 9 and 12 and pressing key 13 thus opening the ventsv gjq, @#in addition to vents C sharp. The key 11 and the key 13 overlaps key 9" i of keys 12, 13 and 11 are pressed down, the vents a', c', grit, cit, open. N ow releasing all key 10, which serves as scale from C sharp overlaps the key 10 overlaps S, and key 12 the octave key, the up` can be Now referring to Figs. 3 and 4 in which the duophone is illustrated, it will be noted so that when either or all roo ait and b will be the keys excepting j played by indicate the lower i played on, the instrument, the rst run belng made while keepingI the-octave vents is played by oveblowmg th-same. as de.`

12b

16, 17 closed, and the second run being made 4while pressing either or scribed in playing the duonett. The bore 20 of the duophone pipes are tapered after the manner o1 the bores in saxophones and like instruments. The vents B, C, D, E, and F# ot' the right pipe and the vents d, dit, c, f', Hi, g, a and b of the left tube are all normally open, while the vents Cit, Dit, F, (11:11:, A, A.:#:, B, C', Cit', D and 1G of the right pipe, and the vents ggli, d, dit and 17 of the left pipe, are all no1'- mally closed. The keys 21 for vents Cit, 22 for Dit, :'23 for F, 21 for Git, 25 for A, 2G for Agi, 27 for B, 28 for C, 29 for Cit', and 30 for D are all arranged to open the normally closed vents` when the keys are pressed; and the keys fointhe normally open vents are as follows: 31 for vent B, and 32 for vent C. The

keys

18, 21 and 31 are grouped at theback of the right pipe to be played by the right thumb. All the other keys of the right pipe are at the front side thereof. The keys 24, 2G, and Q9 are `grouped together and overlapped in the order named and are played with the first finger of the right hand, while keys 25, 27, 2S and 30 are grouped together and are overlapped in the order named and are also played with said first finger of the right hand. (')n the left pipe all the keys except the octave key 19 are upon the front side of the pipe, the key 33 for vent (I, 34 for Z#, 35 for c, Miter f, and 3T for f# are grouped aud overlapped and are played by the fourth linger of the lei't hand for closing the no1'- mally open vents in the order named. Key B8 for opening vent o# is also played by the fourth finger of' the left hand. Key 39` for vent a# is played with the third finger of the left hand. Keys 10 and' 41 for vents fl and (1 -1.1: are both played with the first finger of the let't hand. The normally open vents (y, a, 72,01 the left duophone pipe are closcddiy the third, second and first fingers of the.` leit hand respectively. now to the saxonel't shown in Fig. G, the right tube (36 is constructed the same as the right tube (i6 of the duophone shown in Figs. 3V and 1, while the leit tube 55 corresponds to the lei't tube 55 shown in Figs. 1 and 2. The vents and keys therefor correspond to those of the tubes described with relation to Figs. 1. 2, 3 and 4. in the clariphone shown in Fig. 7, the right tube is the same as the right tube of the( duophone shown in Figs. 1 and 2. while the left tube GG of the clariphone is the same as the leit tube 66 of the, duophone shown in Figs. 3 and 4. `Separate tubes shown in Figs. 6 and 7 are played in the same manner as the corresponding tubes of the duonett and the duophone.

The parts upon which the fingers press Jfor controlling the various vents are located so close together in the saxonett` Fig. '(3, and in the elariphone, Fig. 7, that all the notes Referring' of the right tube, including a. full chromatic scale ot' more than one octave, can be played by the right hand alone, and all the notes of 4the left tube, including a full chromatic scale of' more than one octave can` be played by the left hand alone. The term fingers herein is intended to include the thumbs as well as the other digital members of the players hands. I have, therefore, provided a pipe having the parts, as the rims of the vents. or the finger pieces of the keys, upon which the fingers press for controlling the vents, located near together so that the vents of each tube or pipe can be controlled by the one hand devoted to playingtltat particular tube or pipe. These finger-pressed parts, inclluling'the vent rims and the finger pieces of the keys, are designated by characterp` as follows: In Fig. 6 the parts upon which the fingers press for controlling the ventsfor producing the different notes are: for B, the character 70; for C, 71; Cit, 72:1),73; D#,74;YE 75: F:#:, 76; G:#:, 77; A, 78; Agi, 79; B', 80; C', 81: C# si; .(1. Si; 011,85; @86; de. SY; 8f); c. 90; (I, 91: dit, 92; c, 93; 91; g#:',` 95; (1.', 9G; 041:', 97; o, 98; c, 05); c:#:. 100; and for the octave key 16, 101. In' Fig. 7

the parts upon which the fingers press forl controlling the vents respectively for producing the different notes are z--for the note E', the character 102; for F, 103; Fit, 104;.; G, 105; (he, 105'; ogs, ma, D. 11o; Die, 111; E', 112; F', 11a; me, 111; G', 115; G11', 116; A', 117.; Ait. 118; a'. 110; (Iit,120;e,12.1;f, 122; fai, 1231g, 124;!1441, 125; a., 126; ait, 12T; 7;, 1:28; (I. 1:29; (Hi, 130; and for the octave key 16. 131.

It is understood that the different parts of the instrument may be made of any appropriate materials, as for instance, the

cylindrical tubes

55 and 55 are shown as being iliade of wood, fiber, or any composition material; while the tapering tubes are shown as being made otinetal,- but it is un;

v 82; Da'. b, 88; Cali,

A, 106; .141, 107; B, 10s;l

derstood that the constructor may use such materials as he may deem advisable to produce the required tone qualities.

In Fig. 11 the extensible keys 6 and 7 indicate such amai-rangement for any or all of the keys employed, no attempt having been made 'in the other views to show the extensible finger pieces, `the object being to make provision whereby the samcinstrument may bc adjusted for use by players having longer or shorter fingers.

Attention is particularly directed to the fact that this invention broadly includes a mouth-blown musical pipe instrument comprising two tubes each having a wind-receiving mouth independent of the other and also having vents for a full chromatic scale; and keys for normally retaining certain of the vents closed, said keys and vents being so positioned and grouped on the tube rela- 'can be simultaneously opened by vsuchhand .and can be controlled successively or 1n groups by such hand.

Having pointed out the broad feature of novelty, I do not wish to be limited to any speciic construction or arrangement of the.

vents and keys; for the positions of the vents along the tubes are determined by the laws of acoustics and it is possible that those skilled in the art may change the grouping of the keys without departing from the broad spirit of this inyention.`

It is observed that in either tube the rims as at 90 and 108 of the digitally controlled vents constitute parts upon which the fingers press for controlling tliedigitally controlled vents c and B, respectively;1 and, likewise, the finger pieces for the key-controlled vents constitute parts as at 112, 113,115, 117 upon which the lingers press vfor controlling such.y

key-controlled vents,'and that the parts pro- A vided on or in the pipe to receive the pressure of ythe lingers for controlling all the 'vents of 'such tube, whether key-closed or finger-closed, are located within the reach of the one hand that is used on such tube to play'the full `chromatic scale thereof of two or more octaves.

The finger-pieces for controlling the. vents lfor notes G, A, d and e in Fig. 1; d, c, in

Fig. 6 and G, A, in vvFig. 7 are ringiingerpieces and said vents are digitally .closed in the, usual *manner well understood, in the ordinary playing of the instrument. ,'t', Fig. C is playedby releasing ring e and closing d. c, Fig.v 7, is played by releasing b and closing a.\

l claim:

v1Q 'A mouth-blown musical pipe instrument comprising two tubes each having normally 'open and-normally closed vents for a full chromatic scale of two or more octaves, said pipe being provided with parts upon which the fingers press for controlling the vents; such finger-receiving parts for the normally open-.vents being located so close together that all the normally open ventsot' the same tube can be simultaneously closed by the one hand for which such tube is fitted, and such parts for the normally closed vents being grouped together so that said normally closed vents of such tube can be successively opened by shifting the linger of the hand while said normally open vents are closed by such hand.

2. A mouth-blown musical pipe instrument comprising two tubes each having normally open and normally closed vents for a full chromatic scale of two or more octaves, said pipe being provided with parts upon which the fingers press for controlling the vents; such parts for the normally open vents being located close together so that one hand. can simultaneously close all the normally open vents of one tube, and such parts for the normally closedv ycnts being locatetlv close together and comprising keys having iin'ger pieces that are overlapped so the normally closed vvents can be ysuccessively played by shifting the finger of one hand over the finger pieces of such keys sucessively.

3. In a mouth-blown musical pipe instrument, two tubes each provided with vents and ke s arranged to play a full chromatic scale o two or more octaves and to be played by one hand; a single mouth-piece fit/,ted to said tubes and provided with two mouths;

reeds for said mouths, and a rib between the reeds of said mouths to prevent escape of Wind, so that said reeds may be properly vibrated. i

4.* A mouth-blown musical pipe instrument comprising a tube having normally openv and normally closed vents arranged to produce a full chromatic scale of more than one octave so positioned and arranged and provided with keys substantially as set forth that all oit' the normally open vents can be simultaneously closedby one hand and the normally closed vents can be successively opened by the fingers of the same hand.

5. A mouth-blown musical pipe instrument comprising a tube having normally open and normally closed vents arranged to produce a full chromatic scale of more Athan one octave so positioned and arranged and provided with keys that all the normally open vents can be simultaneously closed by one hand and the normally closed vents can be successively opened by said hand; some of the keys being groupedi and overlapped for successive playing by shifting the fingers substantially as set forth.

6. A mouth blown musical pipe instrument comprising a taper bore tube, a cylindrical bore tube, and a mouth piece to introduce air simultaneously into both of said tubes from the players mouth; both said tubes being provided with vents and keys to produce any-two notes 'ot' two musical scales simultaneously.

7. A mouth blown musical pipe instrument comprising a taper bore tube, a cylindrical bore tube.l and a mouth piece to introduce air simultaneously into both of said tubes from the players mouth; both ot' said tubes being provided with vents and keys to produce two notes of two chromatic scales simultaneously.

8. Av mouth blown musical pipe instrument comprising a taper bore tube, a cylindrical bore tube, and a single mouth piece having two mouths and fitted to said tubes.; said tubes being provided with vents and .vents; the finger pieces keys for sounding any two notes of two chromatic scales simultaneously.

9. A musical reed instrument comprising two pipes and a mouth piece forsaid pipes; said mouth piece being provided with two mouths; and reeds fixed to the outside of said mouths,` the portion between said mouths being formed to prevent passage of wind therebetween.

10. A musical reed instrument comprising two pipes each provided with vents and keys for a full chromatic scale of two or more octaves, the vents of each pipe being arranged to be played by one hand, and a single mouth piece having two `fmouths and reeds therefor and also having two channels communicating between said mouths and the bores of the two pipes respectively, the portions between said mouths being formed to prevent the passage of wind therebetween.

11. A musical reed instrument comprising two pipes and a mouth piece for said pipes; said mouth piece being provided with two mouths; reeds fixed to the outside of said mouths, and a rib between the reeds to prevent the passage of wind between said reeds.

12. A musical reed instrument comprising a clarinet-mouthpiece having two openings and two pipes connected to the two openings respectively of s'aid mouth-piece, the portion between said openings being formed to prevent the passage of wind between said two openings.

13. A musical mouthblown instrumen having two tubes each provided with vents and keys, and adapted to be simultaneously played by the performers hands to produce any two notes of a chromatic scale simultaneously independent of one another; said tubes having a cylindrical and a tapering bore respectively.

14. A mouthblown musical pipe instru-` ment comprising a tube having normallyy open and normally closed vents arranged to produce a full chromatic scale of more than one octave; said pipe also having parts upon which the fingers press for controlling said vents; the parts upon which the fingers press for controlling the' normally open vents being locatedV so close together that such vents can be simultaneously closed by one hand; and keys for the normally closed for said keys being grouped together so that the normally closed vents can be successively opened by the fingers of the same hand.

15. A mouth-blown musical pipe' instrument comprising a tube having normally open and normally closed vents arranged to produce a chromatic scale of more than one octave; the said pipe also having parts upon which the lingers press" for controlling the vents; such parts for the normally open vents being located so close together that the normally open vents can be simultaneously closed by one hand; and keys for the normally closed vents; the finger pieces for said keys being grouped together and overlapped so that the normally closed vents can be simultaneously opened by said one hand.

1G. A mouth-blown musical pipe instrument comprising a tube having normally open and normally closed vents arranged to produce a chromatic scale of more than one octave; said pipe also having parts upon which the fingers press for controlling the vents; such parts for the norm-ally open vents being located close together so that the normally open vents can be gq) simultaneously closed by one hand; and keys for the normally closed vents having nger pieces grouped together, and overlapped so that they can be successively played by shifting one finger of said one hand.

17. A mouthblown musical pipe inst'rument comprising two tubes, vents for said tubes capable of producing two chromatic scales of more than one full octave simultaneously, two sets of keys independent of one another, one set for each tube; the set for one tube normally closing the vents of the upper section of such tube, vents of the lower section of such tube being digitally closed. t

18. A mouth-blown musical Apipe instrument comprising a taper bore tube having normally open and normally closed vents arranged to produce a full chromatic scale of 10U more than one octave; said pipe also having parts upon which the fingers press for controlling the vents; the parts for the normally vopen vents being located so close together that said normally open vents can be simul- 10;u taneously closed by one hand, and keys for the normally closed vents having nger pieces grouped together and overlapped so that they can be successively played by one finger of said one hand. y

19. A mouth-blown musical pipe instrument comprising two`tubes each having normally open and normally closed vents for a full chromatic scale of more than one octave; said pipe also having parts upon which the fingers press forcontrolling the vents; the parts upon which the fingers press for controlling the normally open lvents being located so close together that all the normally open vents can be simultaneously closed by 12o one l1and the normally closed vents ot the upper section of the right hand tube and vents ot' the lower section of the left hand tube being provided with keys, the finger pieces of said keys being grouped together so that said normally closed vents can be successively opened by one finger of said one hand, said tubes having a cylindrical and a tapering bore respectively.

20. A mouth-blown musical pipe instrument comprising a tapering bore tube having normally open and normally closed vents arranged to produce a full chromatic scale of more than one octave, said pipe also having parts upon which the fingers press for controlling the vents; the parts upon which the fingers press for controlling the normally open vents b eing located so close together that said normally open vents can be simultaneously closed by onehand; and keys for the normally closed vents; lthe finger pieces of said keys being grouped together and overlapped so they can be simultaneously opened by said one hand. f

21. A mouthblown musical pipe instrumentJ comprising tivo tubes each having digitally-controlled vents and l'ey-controlled vents for a full chromatic sc le of two or more oetaves, some of said vents being normally open and others normally closed, the

digitally-controlled vents and thekeys of the key-controlled vents off/each tube being located together for operation by one hand so that all the normally open vents of either tube can be simultaneously closed by one rand and the normally closed vents ofthe same tube can be successively opened by said one hand.

22. A mouthblown musical pipe instrument having two tubes, each having digitally-controlled vents and key-controlled vents including normally open and normally closed vents for a full chromatic scale of vents and the keys of the key-controlled two or more octaves, the digitally closed hand; some of the keys being grouped and overlapped for successive playing by one finger substantially as set forth.

23. A mouthblown musical pipe instrunient comprising a tube .having digitallycontrolled vents` and key-controlled vents for a full chromatic scale of more than one octave, some of said vents being normally open and others normally closed, the d1g1tally-controlled vents and the finger pieces for the key-controlled vents being located t0- gether for operation by one hand so that all the normally open vents of a full chromatic scale of more than one octave can be simultaneously closed by one hand and the normally closed vents can be successively opened by said one hand.

24. A mouthbloivn musical pipe instrument having a tube, said 'tube having digitally-controlled vents and key-controlled vents including normally open and normally closed vents for a full chromatic scale of more than one octave7 the digitally-c osed vents and the finger pieces of thekey-controlled vents being located together within the range of the fingers of one hand so Athat all the normally open vents can be simultaneously closed by one hand and the nor-v -mally closed vents can be` successively opened by said hand; some of: the keys being grouped and overlapped for successive playing by shifting the/finger substantially,asset forth. l y

In testimon ivhereof, I have hereunto set my hand at os Angeles, California, this 10th day of April, 1913.

fr( NIKLAS SCI-IILZONYI.