US115480A - Improvement in machines for cutting off horseshoe-nails - Google Patents

Description

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Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 115,480, dated May 30, 1 871.

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To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLEs FRED. J OHN soN, Jr, of Owego, in the county of. Tioga and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvementsin Cutting-off Apparatus of Horse-Nail Machinesyand do hereby declare that the following is a full,

I clear, and exact descriptionthereof, reference be n g had to the accompanying drawing making a part of this specification, in which Figure 1 is a perspective view of a machine containing my improvements, and Fig. 2is a plan view of the same.

Letters of like name and kind refer to like parts in each of the figures.

In the class of machines to which my improvement is most peculiarly applicable the nails are forged continuously and automatic ally on the end of a rod. The rod is heated in a fire of gas or other suitable. combustible, revolved so as to lie atlernately on itsside and on its edge, and the heated end which projects from the furnace moved laterally from one die to another, and alternately struck by nail, but before the hammers can strike another blow a knife or ,cutter passes over the dies during that periodwhen one hammer is up and theother is rising and the rod is being moved laterally. This cutter pressesthe nail against a stationary cutter on the side of the anvil, and thus shears it from the end of the p rod,.the motion of thecutter being so timed that it passes under the hammers between two blows, cuts off the nail, and avoids being hit itself. Myinvention relates simply to the movement of this cutter, and therefore the mechanism which works the. hammers and moves the rod is not represented in the drawing.

In the machines to which I refer the cutter 1s secured to or upon a horizontal disk, which revolves upon a vertical axis and is moved in a circle through the medium of a pawl striking against the teeth of a circular ratchet onthe under side of said disk, so that it is necessary to make said ratchet entirely uniform in size,

and that each should represent a sufficient revolution of said disk to cause the cutter to pass entirely across the two dies cutting es the nail. This necessitates making the disk very large and widening the whole machine; Again, it is necessary to hold the disk by means of friction so as to prevent it from driving beyond the stroke of the pawl, as from their force the blows of the pawl would destroy the teeth of the ratchet in a few days unless the machine .was run at a low speed. To remedy these defects is the object of my invention, which consists, principally, in the combination of a stationary cutter, a rotating cutter, and mechanism for giving to the latter a variable velocity, so as to cause it to approach and recede from the anvil at a comparatively slow speed,and to cross said anvil rapidly, substantially as and for the purpose herein after specified. It also consists in the construction and combination of the several devices employed for producing such motion of the cutter substantially as and for the purpose hereinafter set forth.

In the annexed drawing, A represents an anvil or die, resting upon and secured to a suitable block, B, which in turn is secured to or upon the bed-plate G of themachine. A

furnace, I), having the usual form,is placed within or upon suitablesupports E and F, immediately adjoining the die, and furnishes a means whereby-the nail'rod may be heated as it is passed inward upon or over said die. Pivoted within a frame composed of two uprights, G, and a horizontal cross-piece, H, is a-short vertical shaft, 73, having secured to or upon its upper end a circular metal disk, I, which disk isprovided around its edge with suitable worm-teeth, that engage with a corresponding screw-thread, it, formed upona shaft, K, that it is pivoted horizontally within the uprights G, by means of which, when said shaft is caused to revolve, a relatively slow Pivoted rotary motion is given to said disk. on the face of the disk I, near its periphery, is one end of an arm, L, which, from thence extending across the said disk,'has its outer or free end confined within certain limits in radial position by means of two'studs, Z, which project vertically upward from said disk upon ,Y each side of said arm. A cutter, M, is secured to the outer end of the arm, and extends outward from the same to a sufficient length to cause its forward or cutting end to sweep across the die and just graze a corresponding fixed cutter, N, secured upon a block immediately adjoining the latter.

As thus constructed, the disk is caused to revolve with such speed as will bring the movable cutter in position near the nail-rod at the precise instant that a nail has been completed, so as to remove the same from said rod; but as said cutter is obliged to move rapidly across the die in order to avoid contact with the hammer or upper die, the rapid strokes of which are not suspended, the fol lowing-described means are employed for accelerating its speed.

A shaft, 0, is journaled within suitable bearings attached to the bed-plate, in a line with the nail-rod, and provided with an upward-projecting arm, P, the upper end of which is connected by means of a pivoted rod, Q, with a sliding block, R, that rests within suitable ways attached to or upon the inner face of the anvil-block, the whole being so arranged as that a semi-rotary movement in opposite directions imparted to said shaft will cause a corresponding reciprocating motion of said sliding or carrier block. A spring, S, is socured at one end to or upon the upper face of said carrier-block, and, extending longitudinall y forward over the same, is provided with an ofiset, s, which, when the cutter is in the necessary position, strikes against the same upon a forward movement of the carrier-block and moves said cutter rapidly across the face of the die. The carrier has sufficient motion only to move the cutter across the face of the die, so that said cutter is not effected by the continuous reciprocating movement of the former untilit has reached the precise position intended, and by pressing downward and passing over the spring comes into engagement with its oii'set or shoulder, upon which the forward stroke of said carrier drives said cutter across the anvil, and separates the finished nail from its bar by pressing the same against the fixed or stationary cutter. The cutter now remains stationary upon the left side of the anvil, until, by the forward movement of the 4 disk, the stud Z strikes against and moves forward the pivoted arm, whereupon said cutter and disk revolve together until the former is again brought within reach of the carrier, during which time another nail will have been completed and ready for cutting from its bar.

The nail-rod should be fed sidewise against the fixed cutter so as to bring the finished nail in the desired position for removal immedi ately before the operating cutter is moved across the anvil, to accomplish which result a vertical shaft, T, provided at its upper end and near its lower end with two radially-projecting arms, t and t, respectively, is journaled within suitable bearings upon the frame in such a position as to bring the upper arm t within reach of a stud, U, that projects horizontally outward from the rear end of the pivoted lever L, and by the forward motion of said stud cause said arm to be carried rearward for a short distance so as to give to the shaft T a semi rotary movement, and through suitable mechanism actuate the feeding devices.

The advantages of my improvements are that the cutter is struck but once during the formation of a nail, and, being comparatively light and. entirely unrestricted in its move ments across the anvil, but little wear is caused to either said cutter or the carrier by such blow.

Having thus fully set forth the nature and merits of my invention, what I claim as new 1. As an improvement in machines for making nails for horseshoes, the combination of astationary cutter, a rotating cutter, and mechanism for giving to the latter a variable velocity so as to cause it to approach and recede from the anvil at a comparatively slow speed, and to cross said anvil rapidly, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

2. The revolving disk I, the pivoted arm L, the pin I, the anvil A, the reciprocating carrier R provided with the spring S, and the cutters M and N, when combined with each other and with suitable actuating mechanism for operating the same, substantially as and for the purpose shown.

I CHARLES FRED. JOHNSOX, JR.

Witnesses:

J. O. PUMPELLY, A. M. JOHNSON.

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