US399226A - Machine for forging horseshoe-nails - Google Patents

Description

4 SheetsSheet 1.

(No Model.) D. F. WILLIAMS.

MACHINE FOR PORGING HORSBSHOE NAILS. No. 399,226. Patented Mar. 5, 1889.

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4 Sheets-Sheet 3.

(No Model.)

1). F. WILLIAM$. MAGHINE FOR FORGING HOBSESHOE NAILS. No" 399326. Patented Mar. 51 1889.

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(No Model.) 7 4 Sheets-Sheet 4. D. P. WILLIAMS.

MACHINE FOR FORGING. HORSESHOE NAILS. No. 399,226. Patented. Mar. 5, 1889.

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UNiTr-LD STATES PATENT @rricr.

DAVID F. \VIL'LIAMS, OF PLATTSBUEG, ASSIGNOR OF ONE IHIRD TO TIMOTHY J. SULLIVAN, OF ALBANY,

NEV YORK.

MACHINE FOR FORGlNG HORSESHOE-NAlLS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters 'Patent No. 399,226, dated March 5, 1889. Application filed March 26, 1888. Serial No. 263,514. (No model.)

make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the lettors and figures of reference marked thereon, i

which form a part of this specification.

My invention relates to the manufacture of horseslloo-nails by that process which is termed foi-ging," which consi. s in gradually reducing the nail rod or bar to the required shape.

To this end the invention consists in pro- 1 of the adjustment oi? the guard c.

viding a means whereby the end of; the nail rod or bar is rapidly formed into the required 5 1 centric c on the driving-shz'itt B, as shown.

shape of a finished nail, beveled and pointed, ready to be driven, (or, if preferred, into a nail-blank, to be finished by a subsequent operation) and the finished nail or blank severed from the rod.

The special objects of my invention are to rapidly forge and shape the nail and to finish the point complete without shearing, and to produce nails of a uniform size and shape with compact well-finished points; and the further object of the invention consists in providing special mechanism for feeding the nail rod or bar either automatically or by hand, as may be desired.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a central longitudinal vertical section through a machine constructed in accordance with my invention. Fig. 2 is a top plan view of the same. Fig. 3 is a cross-section on line 8 3 of Fig. 2. ii: is a side elevation of a portion of the machine with parts removed. Fig. 5 is a top plan of the block D detached. Fig. 6 is a section on line 6 Q of Fig. 5. Fig. 7 is an enlarged detail showing in transverse section the dies, revolving anvil, and upper cutter-stock. Fig. 8 is a plan view of the same with the cutter-stock removed. Figs. 9 and 10 are details, more particularly hereinafter referred to.

Reference being had to the details of the drawings, A represents the main frame of the machine, of suitable tion to carry the several parts.

Bisthe main driving-shaft, jourua led within suitable bearings formed within standards rising from the frame oi the machine.

I? is a driving-pulley secured near one end of the shaft B, outside of thestandards. Motion is transmitted to the shaft. from any suitable source of power.

Mounted upon the shaft l) hammer 7), and the eccentric c which operates the striking-hammcr c. The pitinan c preferably formed of a single piece, and its upper portion is bifurcated, as shown, so as to admit the rear portion of the die and permit. of the adjustment of said die. and also The upper end of the pitmau is connected to the oc- The lower end of the pitman is connected to the hammer by a universal joint. in the usual way. All of these parts are of well-known construction, and they form no part of my present invention a more detailed description of them is consideredunnecessary.

C is a transverse shat't journaled within suitable bearings directly beneath the shaft B, and deriving power from said shaft through the medium of the gear-wheel C", mounted upon the end of the shaft, and adapted to mesh with the pinion C upon the outer end of the shaft B.

C is an anvil-carrier mounted on the shaft 0, the periphery of which carrier is provided with a slot, C, in which the anvils C are so cured bythe beveled clamping'pieces O.

I will now proceed to describe the dies which are employed in swaging or forming the sides of the nail. The die 0 secured to the striking-hammer, is of the usual construe tion. The stationary die 0 Fig. 3, is secured to the block I) at an angle of preferably about forty-five degrees, the faceof the die being ground so as to present a vertical face to conform to the face of the companion die are the roller strength and construc- 0 upon the striking-hammer, so as to impart the desired form to the sides of the nail, as

will be readily understood by reference to i Fig. 3 of the drawings, in which the construc- 1 tion is shown more in detail.

D is the lower cutter used in severing the finished nail or blank from the rod, as will be hereinafter more fully described. This cutter is formed of a single piece of steel, the end of which is beveled, so as to form a cutting-edge at an angle to the direction of the length of the strip, and is adj list-ably secured in a slot, D formed in the upper face of the block D. The position of this cutter is important, and I have found that the best results are obtained from its use when it is inclined at an angle of about thirty degrees in the direction of its length and by tilting or inclining the same at an angle of about five degrees in a direction at right angles thereto.

On the upper face of the block D secured the former and beveler D, the upper or inner end of which is ground, so as to form a bevel at any curve or angle which is desired for a z finished nail, in a manner which will be readily understood by those skilled in the art.

F is a nail-pusher, whose office it is to push the nail from the former and atthe same time to clean the face of the former. Power is communicated to the pusher through the medium of the lever F, the opposite end of which engages with a projection, f, upon the inner face of the cam F secured to the outer end of the shaft 0.

E is a cutter-stock centered within suitable bearings, 6, upon the rear end of the frame A. \Vithin a slot, 0 formed within the upper face of the frceend of the cutter-stock, is secured the upper cutter, e, and immediately above and within the same slot is ad justably secured the gage -block e, the operation of which will presently appear.

G is a spring, one end of which is secured to the rear end of the frame of the machine. Between the bifurcated free end of this spring is journaled a friction -rollcr, G bearing against the periphery of the cam G, secured to the hub of the anvil-carrier, as shown. At a point between the ends of the spring G is pivotally secured the lower end of the link GE, connecting the spring with the cutterstock at G The feeding devices consist, primarily, of a movable grip and a stationary grip, having alternate periods of action, so that one may firmly hold the rod while it is being forged and release it when it is moved forward by the other. The stationary and movable grips consist of an adjustable chisel-edged grip, H H respectively, mounted on the springs H H respectively, one end of which is secured to the cleat 1 upon the upper face of the cross-bar I. Beneath the chisel-edges of both the stationary and movable grips is arranged a serrated plate, H The springs H and H are periodically lifted to release the nail-rod by pins H and H resting, respectively,

on levers J J pivoted at one end of the frame, asshown at J and their free ends engaging with the cam J on the hub J of the anvilcarrier.

K K are set-screws at the outer ends of the levers J J screwed into the pins H H and are adapted for use in adjusting the grips, as will be readily understood.

The foot-lever L, which is pivoted to the cross-bar L at the front end of the frame, is connected with the lever J 2 by means of the rod L, and is adapted to operate said lever J in order to release the nail-rod when it is desired to move the same.

M is a pitman connecting the outer end of the cleat I with the upper end of the lever M the opposite end of which is curved toward the rear of the machine, and carries between its forked ends a friction-roller, M adapted to bear against the periphery of the cam F upon the shaft (7.

N isa guard secured to the end of the plate Land serves to receive the free end of the cleat I, and it. is provided with a set-screw, N to limit the backward movement or throw of the cleat when operated upon by the spring \Vit-hin the slot formed in theupper face of the guard N is placed a friction-roller, N to relieve the friction occasioned by the movement of the cleat within the guard.

The nose-guide P is secured at one end to the spring-bar P its opposite end beingsecured to the front end of the frame at P and at its rear end the striking-hammer carrier P is slightly enlarged on the inner side to form a cam projection, which works against the spring-bar P at P. (See Fig. 2.) The vibration of the hammer-carrier will slightly vibrate the spring-bar carrying the nose. guide, thus communicating thenecessary late e'ral movement to the nose-guide. The cam secured to the side of the anvil-carrier C, (shown in Fig. 1,) the object being to lift the nose-guide, so as to allow the nail to clear the top of the stationary die 0 at the side of the anvil-carrier, and to move it into line with the cutter 6 from which position it is returned to its normal position by the action of the spring-bar P The operation of the machine is as follows: The pinion upon the outer end of the driving-shaft, and the gear-wheel with which it meshes, are provided with such a relative number of teeth that a certain definite number of revolutions of the mainshaft will be required to effect a single revolution of the lower shaft. The several attachmentsor .parts of the machine hereinbefore described are constructed, arranged, an d timedso as to move at the proper intervals to secure operations, and in the order hereinafter named. A nailrod is placed under the griping devices H and isfed either manually or automatically forward through the nose-guide, its forward movement beinglimited by the block or bar 6 in the cutter-stock. The small cam upon the side of the anvil-carrier then allows the IIO nose-guide to move to one side, so that itshall striking hammers, to form what is called a blank, I employ an anvil with a light proi jeetion on the rearport-ion of its face, see

Figs. 7 and 8,) the object of which is to cut the surplus metal from the point of the nail blank by the aid of the roller-hammer, as described, leaving only sufficient stock to com- 1 plete the nail with the remaining strokes from the roller and striking hammers; and at the moment the nail receives the last stroke made by the striking-hammer the cam on the side of the anvil-carrier comesi'n contact with the spring I at; P raises the nose-guide, moves the spring horizontally, and moves the nail over the top of the stationary die, and at the same time the upper cutter is brought down to cut oil? the nail which lies between the two cutters. The instant that the nail is severed from the rod the inner grip-spring is released, and the rod is fed either manually or automatically, by means of the feedgrip ll, forward the proper distance over the top of the upper cutter. The moment the feeding is completed the cam upon the carrier releases the nose-guide, which carries the rod back upon the anvils, and the moment that this is accomplished the inner grip is let down upon the rod, when the feeder (grip-spring) releases its hold upon the rod, and is thrown back as far as the stop-bolt N will allow by means of the flat-sprin g 13*, fastened to the inner grip. The bolt or set-screw N serves as a gage when the nail-rod fed automatically. All

of these movements of the cutters, feed mechanism, (950., are effected during a single revolution of the lower shaft.

It will be noticed that the principal operative parts of the machine are independent of each other. The arrangement of the stationary die, fastened as described at an angle in the block D, is very important, as it is by this arrangement that I am enabled to cut the nail from the nail-rod without necessitating the drawing back of the rod or using a mov able anvil. By the peculiar arrangement of the die-block I am enabled to use a long die and a former, upon which the nail can be beveled and straightened, and the form desired for the nail can be ground upon the face or end of the former, thus permitting the use of a long bar. Owing, also, to the arrangement of the blocl ,l am able to use long cutters, as described, with a enttingedge ground upon the end of the same.

Another advantage possessed by this in- I vention consists in the use of the cutter-stock, in which a long cutter can be used and easily adjusted, and on the top of the cutter I can place a gage,against which the rod is fed the moment the nail is cut from the rod, and thus no time is lost in awaiting the forward or return movement of the cutter.

The guards which serve to prevent the sides of the dies which form the point of the nail from being injured are considered another important feature, as is also the simple and effective mode of automatically feeding the nail-rod.

By means of the revolving anvils, traveling in the same plane as the roller-hammer, I am able to make nail-blanks with one'fourth fewer strokes of the forging mechanism than has heretofore been possible with this class of machines.

\\'hat I claim to be new, and desire to seon re by Letters Patent, is

l. The combination, with the roller-hammer, of the anvil-carrier and interchangeable anvils on the periphery of said carrier, substantiallyas described.

2. Th e combination, with the roller-hammer, of the rotary anvil-carrier having a peripheral groove, and anvils removably secured in said groove, substantially as described.

In a machine for the purpose described, a rotary anvil-carrier provided with a periplieral groove, combined with removable and interchangeable anvils seated. in said groove, and beveled clampingpieces for securing said auvils in place, substantially as described.

1. In a machine for the purpose described, an anvil form ed with a projection on the rear portion of its face, as and for the purpose described.

5. The combination, with the dies for forming the point of the nail, of guards for protecting the sides of said dies, substantially as l described.

6. In a machine for the purpose described, a cutter-stock centered upon suitable bearin gs upon the rear end of the frame, substantially as described.

7. The combination, with the cutter-stock centered within suitable bearings upon the rear end of the frame, of the cutter secured in the upper face of the free end of the stock, substantially as described.

8. The con'ibination, with the cutter-stock centered within suit-able bearings upon the frame, of the cutter ad justably secured within a slot in the upper face of the free end of the stock, substantially as described.

9. The combination, with the cutter-stock centered within suitable hearings on. the frame, of the cutter and the gage-block secured in the upper face of the free end of the stock, substantially as described.

10. The combination, with the cutter stock centered within suitable bearings upon the l'rame,of an adjustable cutter and gage-block secured in the upper face of the free end of the stock, substantially as described.

11. The combination, with the cutter-stock centered Within suitable bearings on the frame, of the spring G, the link connecting said spring with the cutter-stock, and the anvil-carrier constructed to actuate said spring, substantially as and for the purpose described.

12. The combination, with the cutter-stock centered Within suitable bearings upon the frame, of the spring G, the link connecting said spring with the cutter-stock, the anvilcarrier, and the cam on the hub of said anvilcarrier, constructed to actuate said spring, substantially as and for the purpose described.

13. The combination, With the cutter-stock, centered as described and carrying the upper cutter, of the spring G, connected atone end to the frame and having its other end bif urcated,the an ti-friction roller carried by said bifurcated end, the link connecting said spring with the cutter-stock, the an vil-carrier, and the cam on the hub of said carrier arranged to contact with said roller, substantially as and for the purpose described.

14. The combinatiomwith the former, of the anvil-carrier, the nail-pushenand the disk on the shaft of said carrier, constructed to actuate said pusher, substantially as and for the purpose described. I I

15. The combinatiomwith the dies and the nose-guide, of the spring-bar carrying said nose-guide, the anvil-carrier, and the cam on the said carrier, constructed to actuate said tionary die arranged atan angle, as shown,

and having its free face formed substantially vertical, as and for the purpose described.

19. The combination, with the block D, of the lower cutter secured in said block With its end beveled to form a cutting-edge at an angle to the direction of its length, and inclined in the manner and for the purpose specified. 20. In a machine for the purpose described, a feeding device consisting, essentially, of a movable grip and a stationary grip having alternate periods of action, as set forth.

In testimony whereof I affiX my signature in presence of two Witnesses.

DAVID F. XVILLIAMS. Witnesses:

JAMES MOKOWN, J. B. KEITH.

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