US1148011A - Process for the treatment of coal-tar. - Google Patents

Description

G. L. DAVIES & W. E. W. RICHARDS.

PROCESS FOR THE TREATMENT OF COAL TAR.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 18. I910.

Patented July 27, 1915.

VII/I1 srATEs PATENT OFFICE GEORGE LLEWELLYN DAVIES AND WALTER EDWIN WINDSOR RICHARDS, OF LONDON.

ENGLAND.

PROCESS FOR THE TREATMENT OF GOAL TAR.

Specification of Letters Patent. 7

Application filed July 18, 1910. Serial No. 572,636.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that we, GEORGE LLEWELLYN DAVIES, civil engineer, and WALTER EDWIN WINDSOR RICHARDS, mining engineer, both subjects of the King of Great Britain, residing at 72 and 73 Hop Exchange, London, England, and 43 Sinclair road, Kensington, London, England, respectively, have invented a certain new or Improved Process for the Treatment of Coal' Tar, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to a new or improved process for the treatment of coal tar; and the invention has for its object (inter alia) the separation of the lighter from the heavier liquid hydrocarbons; the products resulting from this invention having many advantages and the same may be used for any purposes to which they.may be applicable as for example the heavier liquid hydrocarbons product may be employed as a binding medium for use in the manufacture of briquets from coal or other carbonaceous material or for use in the manufacture of ore briquets and for the production of blocks or slabs for paving purposes or said product may be employed for many purposes where pitch and the like is now used.

The present invention consists in treating the aforesaid coal tar (to be separated) by acidulation and the addition of any suit.- able oil such as hereinafter specified, and stirring the mass until the aforesaid separation is complete and then removing the lighter oils from the heavier oils (or vice versa) in any suitable manner.

We may aerate the residue containing the heavier oils (after separation thereof as aforesaid from the lighter oils) or (and) wash the aforesaid residue containing the heavier oils after separation thereof as aforesaid from the lighter oils.

For the sake of example we will now pro ceed to describe the treatment of ordinary crude coal tar according to the present invention:--We take coal tar (heated or not;

'6. g. heated to a temperature of say 180 F.

sulfur. When the acid has been well stirred into the tar (say for about one minute) we then add to the mixture a suitable quantity of any suitable mineral oil such as ordinary mineral illuminating oil (kerosene) fuel oil or petroleum residues, naphtha, petrol, benzol, or the like, or animal or vegetable or fatty oil (all of which we will hereinafter refer to as the added oil) andof this added oil we may for example use about (or rather less than) double the quantity of the amount of acid used, say in the proportion of 3-per cent. (by weight) of acid and 4 per cent. (by weight) of the added oil. The stirring is continued and after a few minutes the separation is complete. The lighter oils (which constitute-by weight-about half of the weight of the tar used) can then be poured off, siphoned off, or preferably, takenofi' with an aspirator; or these lighter oils may beuremoved from the heavier oils (or-vice versa) in any other suitable manner. The lighter oils thus separated andrecovered can be sold orotherwise disposed of in any manner desired. The residue con- Patented July 27, TQLJ I taining the heavier oils (thus separated g be used as a dye or stain. The resulting colored water or liquid is then run off or separated from the said residue (heavier oils) in any suitable manner and a fresh supply of water is or may then be added in any suitable manner. A second boiling of the mass (for a similar time) may then take place. This second boiling results in the production of a freshquantum of yellow color in the water which latter can then be separated as before'from the said residue and so on; this addition of fresh water to the said residue or; washing operation being repeated as often as desired but in practice we have usually found two such washings to be sufficient for removing the greater part of the acid. The result of this process up to this point is to turn the said residue into a substance or material resembling a good liquid pitch or hard pitch as desired, this difference in efiect being obtained by slightly varying the percentage of sulfuric acid (or other acid, etc., as aforesaid) used "and if desired varying the amount of 011 tinguishing feature that its melting point is higher and with the hard pitch very much higher while in the case of the softer pitch it is more resilient. Before washing, the.

said residue (heavier oils) as; aforesaid or instead of washlng the said residue as aforesaid we may aerate the saidresidue 1n any suitable manner as for example after thelighter oils have been separated asaforesaid the residue (containing the heavier oils) is heateduntil ,itbecomes liquid and we may then aerate the said residue in any suiti able manner and by any suitable means for instance we may force-atmospheric air or steam or any suitable gas or gases (such as oxygen) or-mixture of any of these under I press'ureinto the heated residue in order to eliminate. the sulfur therefrom or assist .in

eliminating-the same. As a result of the foregoing. process there is produced a material from whichthe sulfur has been eliminated or sufliciently so as to render such material of great commercial value. 1

In any case where the elimination of-sulfur is not necessary then the aforesaid steps of wash-.

I ing or (and) aerating the said residue may be'omitted altogether.

v A suitable apparatus for carrying outthe herein described process is illustrated in the accompanying drawing in which Figure'l is a plan and Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional view on line 2-2 of Fig. 1.

' [or tilted when desired Referring to the drawings, A is a jacketed pan provided with laterally extending pins or trunnions E carried in journals or bearings in the standards J; 'said jacketed pan A-being s'o arranged that it can be tipped by freeing the pan from the catches or s uringldevices I and releasing the clutch or joint Anysuitable heating. medium may I be caused to circulate or employed in the jacket space of the pan A; as for example steammay be employed and such steam may be admitted through the inlet pipe. 0 and flexible pipe or hose C and furthermore steam (or air) may be introduced into the interior of said jacketed pan'A through .the flexible .60

terminates (as shown) ator near the bottom central part of the -to either or pipeorihose'l? and the pipe F which latter pan A; steam ,being supboth of these steam inlets 1 end F F from any suitable source.

The catches or securing devices I I (which inbefore described means.

rial as, for example,

can be attached to and detached from the I In using the illustrated apparatus, the i jacketed pan A is filled with tar, for example, so as to just. cover the topmost of the stirrer arms B, which latter are caused to slpwly revolve and the hereinbefore described acid is added to the tar, for exam- I ple, said acid is slowly poured into the tar in the pan; heat being applied by the here Next kerosene or other lighter hydrocarbon is slowly poured into the acidulated tar and the separation takes place, whereupon the stirrers are stopped and after a time the lighter oils can beseparated' off, for example, the same may be poured off by releasing the catches I I and disengaging the clutch H and tipping the pan A. After the pan is again fixed, steam may be again turned on into the jacket so as to make the heavy oils (now remaining in the pan) liquid; air or steam being blown through this pitch-like matethrough the pipe F until the acid is mostly removed or neutralized; and the resulting pitch-like material is then discharged from the poured into a shallow tank.

WVhat we claim is:- 1. The herein described process of treating coal tar for the purpose of separating the lighter from the heavier liquid hydrocarbons therein contained which consists in acidulating the coal tar to be separated and then adding to the mass any suitable oil (such as ordinary mineral illuminating oil, kerosene, fuel oil or petroleum residues, naphtha, petrol or the like, or animal oil eorvegetable oil or fatty oil) stirring the mass until the aforesaid separation is complete then removing the lighter oils from the heavier oils (or vice versa) in any suitable manner, and then aerating the residue containing the heavier oils' (after the separation thereof as aforesaid'from the lighter oils) substantially as and hereinbefore described.

2. The herein" described process of treating coal tar for the purpose of separating the lighter from the heavier liquid hydrocarbons therein contained which consists in acidulating the coal tar to be separated and pan A, e. g.

for the purposes I I then adding to the mass anysuitable min- I eral or vegetable oil (such as ordinary min eral illuminating oil, kerosene, fuel oil or petroleum'residues, naphtha, petrol or the like, or animal oil or vegetable oil or fatty oil) stirring the mass until the aforesaid separation is complete then removing the lighter oils from the heavier oils (or. vice versa) in any suitable manner, and then washing the residue containing the heavier oils (after the separation thereof as aforesaid from the lighter oils) substantially-as and for the purposes described.

3. The herein described process of treating coal tar for the purpose of separating the lighter from the heavier liquid hydrocarbons therein contained which consists in acidulating the coal tar to be separated and then adding to the mass any suitable mineral or vegetable oil (such as ordinary mineral illuminating oil, kerosene, fuel oil or petroleum residues, naphtha petrol, or the like, or animal oil or vegetahle oil or fatty oil) stirring the mass until the aforesaid separation is complete, then removing the lighter oils from the heavier oils (or vice versa) in any suitable manner, then aerating the residue containing the heavier oils (after the separation thereof as aforesaid from the lighter oils) and then washing the.

said residue substantially as and for the purposes described. a

4. The herein described process for treating coal tar for the purpose of separating the lighter oils from the heavier oils contained therein which consists in acidulating the coal tar with about three per cent. sulfuric acid, adding to the mixture about four per cent. of light mineral oil, stirring the mass until the separation is complete and allowing the whole to settle; drawing ad the lighter oils by decanting, aerating the residue containing the heavier oils; and then Washing the said residue substantially as and for the purpose hereinbefore described.

In witness whereof we have hereunto set our hands in presence of two witnesses.

GEORGE LLEWELLYN DAVIES. WALTER EDWIN WINDSOR RICHARDS.

l Vitnesses HENRY BmKBnoK, HERBERT D. JAMESON.

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