US1147687A - Electrical regulator. - Google Patents

Description

0. S, SCHMRER..

ELECTRICAL REGULATOR L AP PLICATFON FILED OCT. 5, 191- RENEWED APR- 14, 19L).

Patentd'fuly 20, 1915.

, J7 WITNESSES: I J9 ZINVENTOR,

I Umm. nun-mm n. c.

A'TTORNEY UNITE STATES PA E T OFFICE.

o'r'ro s. scimrnnn, on nnenwoon PARK, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR T0 WESTING- HOUSE ELECTRIC AND MANUFACTURING COMPANY, A conPonA'rIoN or PENN- SYLVANIA Specification of Letters Patent.

ELECTRICAL REGULATGR.

Patented July 20, 1915.

Application filed October 5,1911, Serial No. 652,996. Renewed April 14, 1915. Serial No. 21,451.

To all whom it may concern Be it knownthat I, Or'ro S. SOHAIRER, a citizen of the United State -and a resident of Edgewood Park, in the county "oi .A lle- I gheny and State of Pennsylvania, have in- Iyented a new andusei'ul Improvement-in Electrical Regulators, of which the-following i'sa specification. H

My' 'nvention relates to electrical regu-' lators, and it has for its object to provide a simple and effective voltage or current regulator of the kind in which the regulation is efi'ected by adj ustmcnt of the field excitation of a dynamo-electric machine.

panying drawing, Figure 1 of which is a diagrammatic view of a system embodying the same, and Fig; 2 of which is a similar view of a system embodying a modification of the regulator. I As illustrated connection with which the present invention is employed comprises a main generator, the armature 1 of which is connected to a suitable distributing circuit 2-3-4 and thefield magnet winding 5 of which is supplied with exciting current from the armature 6 of an eXciter, The field magnet winding 7 of the'exciter ishere shown as supplied from the eXciter armature, though, ii' desired, it

'may be supplied from any other suitable source, and in series therewith, is a resistor 8 that is adapted to be shunted by a pair of cooperating stationary and movablecontact terminals 9 and 10 of a relay. The relay is also provided with a second set of cooperating stationary and movable contact terminals 11 and 12, which are adapted to make and break a shunt circuit to a resistor 13 that is connected-in series with the field magnet winding 1401: an auxiliary generator. The armature 15 of the auxiliary generator may be driven by any suitable source of power, but, as illustrated, preferably driven by ,a motor 16 that receives energy from the circuit 2--34, the motor and the auxiliary generator constituting a The relay, of which the contact terminals 9 to 12, inclusive,-constitute parts, provided with an actuating electroinagnet winding 18 that is supplied with current 'trom My'invention is illustrated in the acconiin Fig. 1, the system in the auxiliary generator and the circuit of which is controlled by a pair of cooperating stationary and movable contact terminals 19 and 20, the stationary terminal 19 being preferably mounted upon the end of a spring 21 or being otherwise resiliently supported. The contact terminal 20 is carried by a lever 23 that is pivotally or otherwise suitably connected at difi'crent points to the cores 2% and 25, or other movable parts, of two electromagnetic actuating devices for the lever. The core 24: is somewhat more than supported by a spring 26, so that the member 20 is normally held inengagement with the member 19,,and the core is provided with an actuating winding 27 that acts, when sulficiently energized, to draw the same downwardly in opposition to the spring 26, the said winding being supplied from the armature 15 of the auxiliary generator. The core 25 is, in Fig. 1, only partially counter-balanced by a spring 28, though any other suitable counterbalancing means may be employed instead of the spring, and an actuating winding 29 is provided to raise the core The winding 29 is supplied with energy from the circuit 234, as, for instance, by being connected, through a transformer 30, to conductors 2 and lVhen thus connected, the winding is energized in proportion to the voltage of the distributing circuit and varies the distance of the member 20 from the member 19 accordingly, though the connections may be suitably arranged by anyone skilled in the art so that the position of the member 20 1naybe adjusted in accordance with variations of any other electrical condition of a circuit. The movements of the core 25 are preferably retarded by a. dash pot 31, and a stop 33 is provided beneath the lever 23, adjacent to the point of connection thereto of the core 25, in order to limit the downward movement of the core 25. 1

As the cores 24 and 25 are pivotally or otherwise loosely connected to the lever 23 at diiierent points, it is obvious that each of the windings 27 and 29 may actuate the movable contact terminal 20 independently oi the other, and that the point of connection of each of the cores to the lever serves as a fulcrum or pivotal point for the lever.

contact terminal 20 and, thereby, its distance from the contact terminal 19, in response to variations of the voltage, current or other electrical condition of the circuits 23-1, depending upon the manner of its association therewith, while the winding 27 is energized to varying degrees by the fluctuations of the voltage of the armature 15 of the auxiliary generator and thereby moves the contact terminal into and out of engagement with the contact terminal 19, the periods of engagement and disengagement 'of the contact-terminals 19 and '20 depending upon the position of the contact terminal 20 as determined by the winding 29.

The manner in which the winding 27 causes the contact terminal 20 to move into and out of engagement with, the member 19 will be best understood from a detailed consideration of the mode of operation .of the apparatus. When the members 19 and 20 are out of engagement, as illustrated, the contact terminals 10 and 12 of the relay are also out of engagement with the corresponding stationary terminals 9 and 11. The shunt circuits to the resistors 8 and 13 are accordingly interrupted and the excitations.

. and voltages of the respective field magnet ished energization of the'winding 27, and

the spring 26 accoi dingly draws the contact terminal 20 into engagement with the contact terminal 19. Uponvengagement of the contact terminals 19 and 20, the relay magnet winding 18 is energized and the contact terminals 10 and 12 are brought into engagement with the contact terminals 9 and 11, with the result that the resistors 8 and 4 13 are shunted. This is followed by increased field excitations and voltages, respectively, of the exciter and the auxiliary generator, andthe increase of the exeiter voltage is in turn followed by an increase of the excitation andvoltage of the mainv generator. This, acting through the coil 29, causes the contact terminal 20 to be lowered slightly. At the same time. the increased voltage of the auxiliary generator causes an increased energization' of the winding 27, which, acting in opposition to the spring 26, draws the contact terminal 20 downwardly, out of engagement with the contact terminal 19.

The operation of the regulator continues in this manner, the periods of engagement and disengagement of the contact terminals 19 and 20 depending entirely upon the electrical condition of the distributing circuit and being automatically adjusted to maintain the voltage of the said circuit substantially uniform or at a desired value. 7

In the system of Fig. 2, the regulator is employed for maintaining a substantially uniform load upon a generator 35 that supplies a distributing circuit, between the conductors 36 and 37 of which a storage battery 38 and the armature 39 of a booster are connected, the battery being caused to charge when theload upon the distributing circuit is light and to discharge when the said load is heavy. In order to cause the battery to charge and discharge under the varying conditions of load, the electromotive force of the booster armature is reversible, and, to this end, it is provided with differential field magnet windings 40 and 11, the former of which is connected to suitable points of the battery, and the latter of which is supplied from the armature 42 of an exciter having a shunt excited field magnet winding 43 in series with which is a resistor 44. The

terminals of the resistor 44- are connected to stationary and movable contact terminals 45 and 1-6, respectively, of a relay 47 having an actuating magnet winding 48 that receives its energy from the battery, and the circuit of which is governed by the cotiperating stationary and movable contact members 49 and 50 ot' the regulator.

The regulator is similar in construction and operation to that of Fig. 1, but its ac: tuat'ing winding 51, which corresponds to the winding 29=of Fig. 1, receives current proportional to that traversing the distributing circuit conductor 36 andan adjustable counterweight 52 is substituted for the spring 28 of Fig. 1. The actuating winding 56 of the regulator in this case is supplied with current from the battery, and its circuit is periodically established and interrupted by means of a second set of contact members 57: and 58 of the relay t7, the said winding being thereby intermittently energized to effect vibration of the lever.

The operation of the regulator is similar to that of Fig. 1, but, instead of regulating the voltage ofthe main generator, it regulates the direction and value of the voltage of the booster in accordance Wlth'flllCtlliltlODS of the load upon the distributing circuit, so as to maintain the load upon the main generator substantially uniform. This will be readily understood by first considering that the load upon the distributing circuit 3( 37 is light, under which condition the periods of engageuient and disengagement of the contact terminals -19 and 50 and of the relay contact terminals 4-5 and 46 will be in such relation that the resultant booster field excitation will be in the proper direction and of uch value that the voltage of the booster armature will oppose the voltage of the battery and cause the same to be charged. When the load upon the distributing circuit is heavy and of substantially its normal value, the regulator will operate to cause the booster voltage to be substantially zero, so that the battery Will simply float upon the system. When the load is still heavier, the periods of engagement and disengagement of the various contact terminals of the reg ulator will be in such relation thatthe voltage of the booster armature will supplement that of the battery, and the battery will be caused to discharge and thus assist in carrying the load, thereby relieving the genera tor. In this manner, the load upon the generator is maintained substantially uniform, the battery being caused to carry the fluctuations. v

It will be readily understood that the regulator may be adapted to maintain other conditions substantially uniform or at desired values than those set forth in connection with Figs. 1 and 2, and to regulate in accordance with variations of any other electrical condition of a circuit or system, Without departing from the spirit of the invention. The regulator may also be employed in connection with direct current machines, as well as with alternators. I claim as my lnventlonz 1. A regulator comprising cooperating contact members one of which is resiliently mounted, a lever carrying the other member, two, electromagnets for actuating the lever, and resilient means partially supporting said lever, the lever being supportedonly by the electromagnets and resilient means.

A regulator comprising cooperating contact members one of which is resiliently mounted, a lever carrying the other member,

subscribed my name this 29th day of Sep-' tember, 1911.

()TTO S. SCHAIRER.

Witnesses:

\Vnsmzr (l. CARR, B. B. Hixns.

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