US1144584A - Engine. - Google Patents

Description

ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 8; 19M.

Patented Je 29,1915.

5 SHEETS-SHEET I Em A. BURROW.

ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 8. 1914.

@ Patented June 29,1915.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 2- E. A. BURROW.

ENGINE.

APPLlCATlON FILED JUNE 8, I914.

Patented June 29, 1915.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

BA. BURROW.

ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 8, I914.

Patented June 29, 1915.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

E. A. BURROW.

ENGINE.

APPLICATION men mm: 8. I914.

Patented June 29, 1915;

5 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

' panying drawings, in Whiiih,

-. and, in the form of provided with a EDGAR a. nuneo w, or m ANGEID, r- 1 ASSIGNMENTS, OF SEVENTY QNEHUN ncmmnnrns r0 human c.- an i i V TRIX or wrmmia a. eu'rnm'n, nncmsnn.

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- aweso e a m we MESNE when arena. corners, execu- EKGINE.

s amen Litters rarest, rat d Jane 29, this.

agienwecn warmest. metanane. arena To all whom it may concern-.-

Be it lmow'n that I Essie A. B a citizen of the United sates, residin at San Angelo, Tom Green county, State 0 "llexas, have invented certain new and us ful Improvements in Engines, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to engines generally and more particularly to steam en'- ines. g One of the objects of the invention-is toprovide a horizontally arranged cylinder in which the piston is sup'pdrte'd 01% of contact with the bore of the cylinder 'sb'that there will be no man on the cylinder by the pis= ton and, as a result the cylinder will re main true indefinitely and the'iis'ual leakage due to the cylinder being oiltoi round will be avoided. 1

A further object is to provide an ar -f rangement of inlet and exhaust "valves which will perrnift the clearance to be-reduced to a minimum.

Other objects and features of novelty will be apparent from the 'tollowin description, taken in connection with he accom- Figure l is a plan View oian engine embodying my invention; "Fig. 2 is a side elevation thereof; Fig. 3 is an enlarged side elevation of parts appearing in Fig. 2; Fig. 1 is a vertical longitudinal section through the engine cylinder; Fig. 5 is a perspective view of one end of the cylinder SlldWlhg the inlet valve operating mechanism; Fi 6 is a perspective view of a portion of t e exhaust valve operating mechanism; Fig. 7 is a transverse section on the line 7-7 of 4; and Fig. 8 is an enlarged section of the mechanism for varying the cut-0E.

Referring to the drawings,'l0 indicates the engine bed, 11 the crank shaft, 12 the crank disk having the crank pin 13 thereon. A cross head 14: is arranged in suitable guides 15 and connected with the crank pin 13 by the rod 16. The cylinder 17 is secured. to the bed '10 in any suitable manner the invention shown, is removable head 18. The head 18 is made hollow to provide. the steam space 19 and the opposite end waill'of the cylinder is provided with a corresponding steam s'pa'c'fll). 'A'v'alve cage 21 1s ar'- rengedrakially in the head 18 and is providednwith a Mat for thepuppet valve 9.2.- The op w end Wall of the cylinder is provrd wit a similar valve page 23 havmg a valve 124,- the valves 22 and 24. con trolling the supply of steam to the opposite ends of the cylinder. Thesteam spaces 19' and'QO may be sup lied with steam in any suitable manner as by means of the pipes 2e and 26. .gfirrangetl-in-the cylinder is a semi comprising-the end sections .27 and 8' and an mi'ate section 29.- The sections may be clamped together in any suitable manner and for this purpose '1 have' hown a rod or b'olt 30 having right and left hand threads at its opposite ends. It will be observed that the piston is hollow and in order to make the interior thereof aceessible after the sections are assembled 1 have provided the intermediate sectron with an opening atthe top which is normally closed by a suit'abile cover plate 31. The cylinder 17 is provided with an opening 32 which registers with the opening in the piston when the piston is in its central position. The opening in the cylinder may be closed by a cover plate The intermediate section 29 of the piston is provided with oppositely arranged'laterally tubular arms 34 and 35 having longitudinal extensionsfifi and 37, respectively, which telescope with the stationary tubular members 38, the latter serving as exhaust pipes. The cylinder is provided with longitudinally extending slots 39 through which the arms 34 and 85 reject. The arms 34 and 35 have secure on the under sides thereof feet 40, these feet having inclined lower surfaces which rest on wedge members 41, the latter sliding on suitable ways on the bed 10 and thus supporting the piston. From the drawings it will be seen that this construction permits the piston to be supported out of contact with the bore of the cylinder and the piston may therefore be made considerably smaller than the bore of the cylinder, leakage being revented by the usual packing rings 42. he arms 34 and, 35 have also connected therewith the rods 43 which are also connected with the cross head 14, for the purpose ,of transmitting he motion of the piston tothe cross head. t will be seen that by this construction the piston is connected with the cross head by means extending along the exterior of the cylinder thereby avoidin the usual piston rod an stuiiing box an permitting the arrangement of valves shown in the drawings.

The end walls of the piston carry the puppet exhaust valves 44, these valves bein provided with stems 45 and being close by means ofsprings 46. A reciprocating rod 47 is arranged between the ends of the valve stems 45 and is moved in either direction b an arm 48 on the shaft 49, this shaft exten ing transversely of the piston and being supported in the arms 34 and 35. One end of the shaft 49 extends considerably beyond the arm 35 and is supported in a suitable bearing in a bracket 50. Secured on the shaft 49 is a disk 51 having a sectorshaped recess 52 in one side thereof in which is arranged an arm 53 having a hub 54 loosely mounted on the shaft 49. The lower end of the arm 53 is pivotally connected with one end of a link 55, the op osite end of this link being mounted on a xed pivot 56 of the bed 10. The disk 51 is provided with notches 57 in its periphery, these notches being adapted to receive latching pawls 58 which are pivotally mounted on a bracket 59.

Brackets 60 are secured to the bed 10 and provided at their upper ends with slots 61 in which are secured the opposite ends of the inclined bars 62 and 63, these bars being oppositely inclined and being engaged, respectively, by the rollers 64 and 65 on the pawls 58. The bars 62 and 63 are detachably secured to the brackets 60 so that the bars may be lifted manually to disengage either or both of the pawls 58 from the notches 57.

The valve stems 45 are slidably arranged in brackets 66 on the interior of the iston and the rod 47 is slidably arranged 1n the brackets 67. In order to move the rod 47 back and forth to actuate the valves alternately the shaft 49 is automatically rocked at the ends of the strokes of the piston. The shaft 49 moves back and forth with the piston and the upper end of the arm 53, being loosely pivoted on the shaft 49 and having its lower end connected with the link 55, will be oscillated in synchronism with the strokes of the piston. It will be observed that the arm 53 is tapered at the upper end so that the sides 68 and 69 thereof are substantially radial with respect to the axis of the shaft 49. As the piston moves on the forward stroke, or toward the crank shaft, the side 69 of the arm 53 will engage the surface 7 0 of the sector-shaped recess 52 in the disk 51. This engagement occurs when the piston reaches a point well toward the end of its stroke and after the engagement the shaft-49 will be turned by the arm 53. The turning of "the shaft 49 causes the arm 48 to move the rod 47 toward the head end of the cylinder, thus opening the valve 44 in the head end of the piston.

The opening of the valve 44'permits the steam to exhaust into the interior of the piston whence it escapes through the arms 34 and 35 to the exhaust pipes 38. The rocking of the disk 51, as above described, moves the left hand notch 57 (see Fig. 3) into an gagement with the adjacent pawl 58, this engagement occurring at the end of the forward stroke of the piston. As the piston reverses and moves on the return stroke toward the head end of the cylinder, the pawl 58 remains in engagement with the notch 57 and thus holds the disk 51 against rotation. This holds the valve 44, in the head end of the piston, in the open position until the, piston approaches the head end of the cylinder. It will be noted that when the piston starts on the return stroke the side 69 of the arm 53 will move out of engagement with the side 70 of the recess 52 and the spring 46 acting on the stem of the open exhaust valve 44 will have a constant tendency to close the valve and shift the rod 47 to neutral position. As the piston moves on its stroke toward the head end of the cylinder the roller 65 engages the inclined bar 63 and at the roper instant the pawl 58 is disengaged rom the notch 57, thereby rcleasing the disk 51 and permitting the sprin 46 to close the valve 44. The continue movement of the piston after the valve 44 is closed causes the steam to be compressed in the space between the piston and the head end of the cylinder.

The exhaust valve 44 in the crank end of the piston is operated in the same manner as just described and therefore a detail description of the operation of this valve is deemed to be superfluous. I

Mounted in brackets 71 on the-crank end of the cylinder is a rock shaft 72 having a pair of upwardly projecting arms 73, the upper end of these arms being connected by a cross rod 73'. A rock shaft 74 is similarly mounted in brackets 75 011 the head end of the cylinder and is provided with a pair of upwardly projecting arms 7 6 which carry a cross rod 76, the cross rods 73' and 76 being connected by a rod 77. The shaft 72 also has secured thereon an arm 78 which is pivotally connected with a sliding sleeve 79 on the inclined rod 80. The rod 80 is secured to brackets 81, 82 which are carried by the rod 43 so that the rod 80 moves back and forth with the rod 43. Secured to the crank end of the cylinder are four rods 83, which support a plate 84 at their ends and also a plate 85 substantially midway between the plate 84 and the end of the cylinder. A tubular member 86 is slidably mounted in the plates 84 and 85.

. der.

At the head end of the cylinder are rods 87 similar to the rods 83 and supporting the plates 88 and 89, these plates being arranged similarly to the : plates 84 and 85.

The valve operetjng mechanisms at the opposite ends of the eylinder are similar and since the mechanism at the head end of the cyhnder is shown in detail in Fig. 5 a description thereof will he s 1: for an understate-1' "0f both these mechanisms. in Fig. 5' theplate 89 is indicated by dotted lines tor the sake of clearness. A. tubular member 90, similar to the member 83, 1s slidably amnfm in the plates 88 and 89 and is provide with the laterally pro ecting wings 91 and 92. The stem 93 of the inlet valve 22 extends into the tubular member 90 and with the parts in the position shown at theleft hand end of 4, the end of the stem 93 is in engagement with theend wall 94 of-the'member 90. A spring '95 is arranged on the tubular member 90 between the plate 88 and the wings 91 and 92 and normally presses the tubular membertoward the cylin- The shaft 74 has secured thereon and projecting downwardly therefrom a pair of arms 96 and 97 and pivoted to the lower end of the arm 96 is an arm 98, a similar arm 99 being pivoted to the lower end of the arm 97. The arms 98 and 99 are conneoted by a cross member 100 and when the shaft 84 is rocked to carry the arms 98 and 99 toward the cylinder they drop into alme ment with the wings 91 and 92, being sup-.

ported in this position by the engagement of the member 100 with the stem 93. With the arms 98 and 99 in alincment with and engaging the wings 91 and 92, a movement of the rock shaft 74 to move the arms 98 and 99 away from the cylinder will cause the member 90 to be moved away from the cylinder, thereby compressing the spring 95. It will be noted, however, that on account of the telescopical arrangement of the stem 93 and the member 90, the latter will be moved independently of the stem and without opening the valve 22.

Slidably mounted on the plate 89 is a latch member 101, this member being held in position in any suitable manner, as by the head of a bolt 102. The plate 89 is provided with a shelf 103 extending horizontally toward the cylinder and on this shelf is slidably mounted a wedge member 104 which extends through a suitable opening in the latch member 101. A bifurcated arm 105 is pivotally connected at one end with an arm 106 which is secured on the shaft 74 and receives the inner end 107 of the wedge member 104. The arm 105 and the end 107 of the Wedge member are suitably slotted to receive a vertically adjustable wedge or guide 108 which forms a connection between these parts. It will be readily understood that by vertically adjusting the wedge 108 the efiectivelength of these parts between the pivotal connection with, the [arm 106 and the latch member 101 may be varied. The member- 90 carrim on its upper surface a block 109 which cooperates with the member 101 to hold the member 90 against the pressure of value 22, when the latter will be opened. it

willbe observed that the cross sectional area of the stem 93 is subjected to atmospheric pressure and an annular area at the hack of the valve is subjected to boiler pressure, so that when the valve 22 is opened and the boiler pressure 'equalizes on the opposite sides of the valve there will be an overbalancing pressure, on account of the area of the stem 93,tending to hold the valve open. It should be here noted that, on account of the arrangement of the valves 22 and 44., it is possible tomove the piston to within a small fraction of an inch of the cylinder .head and thenefone the clearance space is, in this englue, reduced to a minimum. The provision of the exhaust valve 44 in the piston itself eliminates exhaust ports in the cylinder wall and thus avoids clearance space due to exhaust ports, usually found in engines. As the piston moves away fiom the head end of the cylinder the inlet valve will remain open until the member 101 islifted out of engagement with the block 109 to permit the spring 95 to move the member 90 toward the cylinder. The movement of the piston away from the head end of the cylinder causes the sleeve 79 to be raised by the inclined bar 80 and thus rock the shafts 72 and 7 4. This rocking of the shaft 74 draws the wedge member 104 toward the cylinder and thus lifts the member 101 out of engagement with r the block 109. The point at which the disengagement of the member 101 and block 109 occurs may be varied by adjusting the wedge 108 and for this purpose there is mounted on the cylinder head a shaft 110 having an arm 111 which is connected with a pin 112 on the wedge 108. By rocking the shaft 110 the wedge 108 may be raised or lowered and this rocking movement is effected by means of a governing mechanism hereinafter described, this governing mechanism actuating the shaft 110 by means of a link 113 which is connected with an arm 114 on the shaft 110.

The governing mechanism may be of anysuitable construction but I prefer to use that shown in the drawings and comprising a pan 115 which is secured on a vertical rod 116 passing through a bracket 117 and yieldingly supported on the bracket by means of a spring 118. In order to prevent the pan 115 from moving laterally I have provided links 119 and 120 which are pivoted to the opposite ends of the pan and have a pin and slot connection .with the rod 116 and with pins 121 which are carried by fixed brackets 122. A rock shaft 123 is suitably supported in fixed brackets and has an arm 124 which has a pin and slot connection with the rod 116, as shown. The rock shaft 123 is also provided with oppositely projecting arms 125 and 126, the arm 125 being connected with the link 113 and the arm .126 being connected with a similar link 127 which actuates a rock shaft, similar to the shaft 110, onthe crank end of the cylinder.

Secured on the rod 43 is a receptacle 128 for a fluid, such as mercury, and this receptacle has a tubular extension 129, the upper end of which is so arranged as to discharge the fluid into the pan 115. The parts are so arranged that with each movement of the piston from the head end of the cylinder the inertia forces acting on the mercury will cause the mercury to rise in the extension 129 to a height sufficient to discharge a portion thereof into the pan 115. The panis provided with a restricted outlet 130 in the middle of the bottom and the mercury flows through this opening into a funnel 131 which is carried by the rod 43 and returns the mercury to the receptacle 128.

As the-mercury accumulates in the pan 115 the pan is depressed and the shaft 123 rocked so as to lower the wedge 108 and thus shorten the effective length between the arm 106 and the wedge member 104, so as to effeet the disengagement of the member 101 from the block 109 at an earlier point in the stroke of the piston, thereby shortening the cut-off 'of the engine. When the speed of the engine becomes abnormally high, the amount of steam supplied to the cylinder will be greatly reduced by shortening the cut-off and the power applied to the crank shaft will be correspondingly reduced so as to restore the speed to normal. On the other hand, when the speed is below normal the mercury will flow through the opening 130 in the pan 115 faster than it is received from the receptacle 128 and this will permit the pan to be lifted by the spring 118 and thereby lengthen the cut-off. Under conditions of extremely high speed it is desirable to prevent the inlet valves being held open and for this purpose I have provided a block 132 which is supported in any suitable manner and adapted to be moved by a bell crank 133 having a fixed pivot 134 and actuated by an arm 135 on the shaft 110, the arm 135 being connected with the bell crank by a link 136. This device is shown diagrammatically in Fig. 5, but its operation will be readily understood and is as follows: On excessive speeds the block 132 is moved to a position below the arm 98 where it will prevent the arms 98 and 99 from dropping into alinement with the wings 91 and 92. Under these conditions the arms 98 and 99 will move back and forth without actuating the member 90 and .no steam will be supplied to the cylinder.

It is necessary to lift the arms 98 and 99 out of engagement with the wings 91 and 92 when the member 90 has been moved away from the cylinder the proper distance and to accomplish this result I have provided the triangular members 137 which are pivotally mounted on brackets 138 and provided with toes 139 which are engaged by springs 140, these springs tending to swing the upper ends of the members 139 toward the cylinder. As shown in the drawings, the members 137 are provided with notches 141 in their upper surfaces and these notches receive the laterally projecting pins 142 on the arms 98 and 99, when the latter are moved to their limiting position toward and 99 the pins 142 will move out of the notches 141 and the springs 140 will then return the members 137 to their original position, the upper surfaces of these members acting as cams which lift the pins 142 and the members 98 and 99 so as to disengage the latter from the wings 91 and 92. This, of course, oecurs'after the member 101 has dropped in behind the block 109 so as to retain the member 90 in its outer position.

It is believed that the detailed descrip tion of the operation of the various mechanisms above described, will make the operation of the engine as a whole apparent.

It will be imderstood by those skilled in the art that various features of the engine shown and described herein are applicable to air compressors, ammonia pumps, compressors, internal combustion engines, etc., and therefore the term engine as used in the claims is to be given its broadv est significance.

Having thus described the invention what is claimed and desired to be secured by Letters Patent is:

1. In an engine, the combination of a cylinder, a piston. therein having laterally projecting arms, and means coiiperating with menace said arms to-support said piston out of contact with the cylinder bore.

2. In an engine, the combination of a cylinder, a piston therein having laterally projecting arms, means coiiperating with said armsto support said piston out of contact with 'the cylinder bore, and means for vertically adjusting said piston relative to the cylinder.

3. In an engine, the comhinationof a cylinder, a piston therein having laterally projectingarms, and means, including adjustable wedge members, cooperating with said arms to supportsaid piston out of contact with the cylinder bore.

4.-. In an engine, the combination of a horizontally. arranged cylinder, a piston therein having laterally projecting arms, one of said arms being tubular, means cooperating with said arms to support said piston, and a tubular member telescopically connected with said tubular arm.

5. In an engine, the combination of a horizontally arranged cylinder, a hollow piston therein having laterally projecting arms, one of said arms being tubular, means cooperating with said arms to support the piston, a valve carried by said piston and adapted to control communication between the interior of the piston and the .interior of the cylinder, and a stationary tubular member connected with said tubular arm.

6. In an engine, the combination of a horizontally arranged cylinder, a hollow piston therein, a laterally projecting tubular arm on said piston extending through the cylinder wall, a valve carried by said piston and adapted to control communication between the interior of the piston and the interior of the cylinder, and a stationary tubular member connected to said arm.

7. In an engine, the combination of a cylinder, a hollow piston therein, a laterally projecting tubular arm on said piston extending through the cylinder wall, a valve carried by said piston and adapted to control communication between the interior of the piston and the interior of the cylinder,

a stationary tubular member connected to said arm, and actuating means for said valve extending through said arm.

8. In an engine, the combination of a cylinder, a piston therein, a laterally projecting arm on said piston extending through the cylinder wall, a valve carried by said piston, and actuating means for said valve extending through said arm.

9. In an engine, the combination of 2. cylinder, a piston therein, a laterally projecting arm on said piston extending through' the cylinder wall, a valve carried by sald piston, a transversely extending shaft carried by said piston and projecting through said arm, means operatively connecting said shaft with said valve, and means on the exterior of said cylinder for actuating said shaft.

10. In an engine, the combination of a cylinder, a hollow piston therein having a laterally projecting tubular arm extending through the Wall of the piston, a valve carried by said piston and adapted to control communication between the interior of the piston and the interior of the cylinder, a shaft carried by said piston and extending through said arm, means operatively connecting said'shaft with said valve, and means on the exterior of the cylinder for actuating said shaft.

11. In an engine,.the combination of a cylinder, a hollow piston therein, a valve carried by said piston and controlling communication between the interior of the piston and the interior of the cylinder, a shaft said cylinder, valves in the opposite ends or the piston and controlling communication between the interior of the piston and the opposite ends of thecylinder, a longitudinally movable rod for actuating said valves, a shaft carried by said piston and operatively connected with said rod, and means on the exterior of said cylinder for actuating said shaft.

13. In an. engine, the combination of a I cylinder, a double acting hollow piston n said cylinder, a puppet valve in each of'the end walls of said piston and provided with stems extending longitudinally of the piston, a longitudinally movable member for actuating both of said valves, a shaft car: ried by said piston and projecting through the cylinder wall, means operatively connecting said shaft with said member, and means on the exterior of the cylinder for actuating said shaft.

14. In an engine, the combination of a cylinder, a double acting piston in said cylinder, exhaust valves carried by said piston, means for conducting the exhaust from the piston through the side wall of the cylinder, and inlet valves in the end walls of the cylinder.

15. In an engine, the combination of a cylinder, a double acting piston in said cylinder, exhaust valves carried by said piston, a tubular member connected with the piston and projecting through the cylinder wall for conveying the exhaust from the piston, and axially arranged inlet valves in the end walls of the cylinder.

16. In an engine, the combination of a cylinder, a piston in said cylinder, an inlet amaeea valve in the cylinder wall adapted to be ,be opened by the compression in the cylinopened by the compresslon in the cylinder der, and spring means for closing said inand spring actuated means for closing sai let valve.

valve. In testimony whereof I afix my signa- 5 17 In an engine, the combination f a ture in presence of two witnesses.

Cylinder, a Piston in. Cylinder, all eX-- haust valve carried by said piston, means for positively opening said exhaust valve, Witnesses:

spring means for closing said valve, an inlet R. WILBUR BROWN, 10 valve in the wall of the cylinder adapted to YOLAN KIEFER.

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