US1136216A - Vertical steam-pump. - Google Patents

Description

K. DOUGAN.

VERTICAL $TEAM PUMP.

APPLECATION FILED IAN. I6, 190a.

Patented Apr. 20, 1915.

2 SHEETS-SHEET '1.

W/ TNESSES:

K. DOUGAN.

VERTICAL STEAM PUMP.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 16, 1909.

1,136,216]. Patented Apr. 20, 1915.

2 SEEETSBHEET 2.

b his AI'F r-nye KENNEDY DOUGAN, OF MINNEAPGLTS, ML'NNQSOTA.

OFFICE.

VERTICAL STEAM-PUI IR Application filed January 16, 1909.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, KENNEDY DOUGAN, a citizen of the United States, and resident of Minneapolis, in the county of Hennepin and State of Minnesota, .have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Vertical Steam-Pumps; and I do hereby'declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact de scription of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

The general object of this invention is to provide a direct acting vertical steam pump that will use steam expansively and have greater efficiency than the best type of flywheel steam pump.

In the pump herein disclosed, the steam and Water pistons are thrown up by steam pressure and down by a heavy weight. The steam is automatically cut off at the point required to carry the pistons to the end of their stroke. At the beginning of said stroke and up to a point where the entire upward steam pressure on the piston drops until it only equals the resisting pressure of the weight the excess of energy in the steam cvlinder is utilized in giving velocity to said weight, which velocity, together with the decreasing steam pressure, causes the weight to continue upward until an equilibrium of forces bring it to rest. The pistons start and stop slowly and acquire maximum velocity about midway of the up stroke.

In the accompanying drawing- Figure 1 is a diagrammatic vertical section, partly in elevation, of a single acting steam pump embodying the invention, showing the pistons at the bottom of a normal stroke. Fig. 2 is a horizontal cross-section taken on line ab of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is an enlarged sectional detail view of parts of a regulating device. Fig. 4 is a detail view of the steam admission valve on line b of Fig. 5. F ig. 5 is a horizontal section taken on line a-a of Fig. 4, but omitting the piston 9. Fig. 6 is a vertical section on line 0 of Fig. 5 showing the exhaust ports controlled by the pilot valve. Fig. 7 is a detail view of the pilot "alve detached. Fig. 8 is a side elevation of the pilot valve operating arm, spring, and one of the shifters, said arm being partly raised by said shifter. Fig. 9 is a view similar to Fig. 8 of parts employed for actuating a steam exhaust valve. Fig. 10 is a vertical section of said exhaust valve. Fig. 11 is a sectional detail view of check Valve 32.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Apr. 20, 1915.

Serial No. 472,669.

1 indicates the water cy inder, having the induction valw CiHIIL -JQI' 2 and the eductlOIl alve chaml er '3, with respective induction and educticn pipes 4 and 5.

(3 indicites the sic; in cy nder, which is supported b uao' more standards 7, 7', secured to its s dos.

in or d r To avo'd a stutlingbox on the steam end 0" tie C- il1(.l9l. the steam piston rod 8 exter. upv'a d through the upper eylinde he-r1 wlere no stalling-box is required. lr evi ed to the pi ton rod .8 is a heavy yol 1) tl-at straddles the cylinder and extends ielow th bottom thereof. This yoke is seen: e l at its lower end, to a piston rod 11 conne ted to the water 'piston. 12. Preferably Ll p st H1 rod is made very heavy, as sho n. The raised positions of the pitoiis a e ndiated by dotted lines. For micn cit reception of additional eight or c ghts. the rod 8 may be extxnled a or. tie i p of the yoke as shown at 1 An ext! weigh 14 is shown in position thereon The tlt ll l'fi hl nl p rt 56 of cylinder 6, is coniroled y a piston valve 57, which is cont-oiled a rocking pilotvalve 58. Valve 57 plays in a cylinder 80 inclosed by a steam ch st 1'53, which has a cylindrical portion 16 housing the pilot valve 58. Piston valve 5)? has an. annular port 59 therein which is adapted to connect port 56 with a live steam port 60' which receives steam through a space 61 from the steam main 45. From the two steam spaces 621 and 63: above and below the piston valve 57, two ports (3 and. 65 lead to the pilot valve 58, as shown. il ietv een said ports, a live steam port (3 lends to valve 58, which contains a port 67, adapted to admit steam to either end of valve 57 according to the position of valve 538. Branching from ports 64 and 65, respectively, are exhaust ports 68 and (39, which meet the pilotv valve 58 in a different plane than the intake port 67, as best shown in Fig. Between ports 68 and 69, an exhaust port (0 meets valve 58 and opens into a discharge pipe 43. All the ports are so arranged that when either of the steam spaces 62 or 63 is supplied with steam, the other of said spaces is connected With ex haust port '70 and pipe 43. The pilot valve which makes said connections does so by being turned through an arc oi'less than ninety degrees. Said valve has two stems, i1 and 72., on which are fixed a hand lover 18 and a notched disk 73, respectively. An arm 17 is loosely mounted on stem 72 and has integral therewith a dog 74 which projects into a notch 75 in disk 73, said notch being wider-than said dog to permit lost motion of arm 17 on the valve. stem. Said arm is yieldingly held in horizontally extended position by a spring 76, whose expansion is limited by a bolt 7 7 having a spring-confining head 78. Said spring is held by a fixedly mounted cup 79, and the bolt 77 passes slidabiy through the bottom of said cup.

The valve arm 17 is actuated alternately up and down by two valve shifters 19 and 20, carried by two vertical rods 21 and 23, respectively. Shifter 19, by descending, de

- presses said valve arm 17, thereby opening steam port 65 and causing the piston valve 57 to rise and admit steam to cylinder 6.

V The other valve shifter 20, by ascending,

lifts valve arm 17, thereby causing valve 57 .to fall and cut off steam from cylinder 6. The working faces of said shifters 19 and 20 are both elongated vertically, so that the valve arm 17 is not only turned by said parts' but is held in turned position during continued onward motion of the actuating and carrying rods 21 and 23.

The lost motion device above referred to operates in this way: Taking the shifter 19 in the position in which it is shown on Fig. 1, its next movement will'be upward, and as it recedes from valve arm 17 said arm will be raised to a horizontal position by spring 76, but this motion will not turn the valve 58, because the dog 74 will have space to turn in its notch 75. The valve arm 17 will then be in a position to be struck and actuated by the ascending shifter 20, as clearly shown in Fig. 8, this movement being transmitted to valve 58 through dog 74, disk 73 and valve stem 72. WVhen shifter 20 descends and releases arm 17, said arm will drop, by its own weight, to horizontal position without shifting the valve, and will thereby be placed with its end in the path of the descending shifter 19. The actuating rod 21 onv which shifter 19 is mounted is secured either directly or indirectly to the yoke 10. As shown, in Fig. 3, it is secured to a cylinder 22 that is carried by the yoke (Fig. 1). The valve-shifter 20 is mounted on a second rod 23, connected at its lower end to a piston 24 in cylinder 22, and at its upper end to a head 25 in a smaller butlonger cylinder 26, whose length is greater than that of the stroke of the steam piston. The function of the cylinders 22, 26, pistons 24, 25, andof certain parts to be described, is to automatically regulate the cutoff of the steam admission valve, as follows: When ever the ratio between the steam pressure and the weight increases, he pistons 24. 25 will be thrown up to a higher point than normal, that is, the upward stroke oithe pistons will be of greater than normal length.

It is to be noted that the whole purpose of my invention, as expressed in the pump actuation by means of the gravity return of the weighted piston and connected parts and the Variable cut-off controlled by the mechanism above described, is to permit all of the steam at any time admitted to the steam cylinder to expand freely before exhaust, that is, to lift the weighted members just as far as is possible so that all of the available energy of the steam may be used in lifting the weight and subsequently made to perform work as the weights descend and effect the pumping action. There is no fixed member to absolutely limit the stroke, which therefore must necessarily be variable, this variability of the stroke being necessary to accomplish the ends above stated. There is, however, a point in the stroke which it is aimed should be the normal upward limit of the stroke and that is at about the circumferential line passing through the cencase, by reason of valve 32, the oil above piston 25 will be trapped and forced through pipe 23 below piston 24. The area of piston 24 being greater than piston 25, this will result in elevating piston 24 and with it the stop 20 carried on rod 23, thus causing the stop to engage the valve arm 17 and cut off steam at an earlier point in the next upward or steam stroke. Through the medium of fluid pressure and rod 23, the cutoff will be automatically shortened as the rod 23 is moved upwardly and the stop 20 engages the arm 17 and cuts off the steam.

Rod 23 is hollow from end to end. Its lower end is closed by a spring-closed valve 27. In the bottom of cylinder 22 is a cock 28, whose function is to permit continuous slow leakage therethrough. Adjacent the small cylinder 26 is a vessel 29 containing valve 81 having a port 82 therein.

from the top of the cylinder, an annular chamber 33 is provided, having a drain pipe 34. The operation will be hereinafter described. I

The admission valve arm 17 is mounted with a lost motion device, assisted by a 5 ring, thepurpose of which device is simp y to place said arm 17 in the path of the valve-opener 19 after the valve-closer 20 has disengaged itself by moving upward. This device is shown in detail and fully described in another application for improvements in steam air compressor.

The exhaust port 36, indicated in dotted lines, communicates with the exhaust pipe 41. This port is controlled by a rocking Valve 81 is provided with an arm 38 loosely mounted on the valve stem 83 and provided with a dog'84 which projects into a notch 85 in a disk 86, said disk being keyed upon said stem. Said spring and lost motion device 84, 85 have the same function for valve 81 as spring? 8 and device 74, 75 have for the pilot valve 58. Spring 87 is set in a cup 88 and is restrained by a slidable bolt 89. The exhaust valve 81 is alternately opened and closed by two valve shifters 39 and 40, each of which is carried by the yoke 10 and has vertical adjustments thereon by means of slots 90.

Below the piston the cylinder is enlarged and mounted therein is an inner, yieldable cylinder head 42. The space beneath head 42 is connected by a pipe 13 (indicated in dotted lines) with the steam chest 15 independently of any valve except the throttle valve 44. Water of condensation may be drained out through a cook 46. The movable head 42 will be held up against the shoulder by steam pressure. The entrance of the pipe 43 is just below the bottom of the head 42, so that when the latter is forced 'down it will first cut off communication compressed steam pressure supports the weight of the reciprocating parts. In the upper part of the steam cylinder are air holes 47, that act as vents during the up stroke and as inlets during the down stroke, of-the piston to prevent a vacuum or compression in the upper end of the cylinder.

The oil cylinder 26 is supported by projec- I tions 48 on the steam cylinder. The reciprocating rod 21 passes through a guide 49, shown as cast on the cylinder 26.

It is evident that the yoke 10 is not an essential part of a pump embodying the invention, because if the steam and water pistons are directly connected by a weighted rod, the yoke will benimnecessary. The yoke construction has the advantages of dispensing with a stuihng box on the steam cylinder, and also the advantage due to its own weight.

Means for manually governing the speed of the pump are shown in connection with the eduction valves v3', Fig. 1. The studs 50 are vertically adjustable stops to limit the opening of said valves. The studs are all secured to a plate 51, having a boss 52 'to which is rotatably connected a screw 53 that passes through a threaded part' fil in which is a packing. On the screw is a hand-wheel 55. The closer the stops 50 are set to the valves the less the valves can open, and the greater the resistance to the flow of water. Consequently, the rate at which the piston 12 descends will be governed by the adjustment of the valve stops 50.

The operation of the entire apparatus is as follows, it being assumed that the water cylinder below thepiston is full of water, as well as the eduction pipe 3. The operator screws down the valve stops 50 to allow the valves a slight opening movement. He then throws rock-arm 17 out of the path of valve-shifter 20, by means of lever 18, then partially opens the throttle 44. Steam slowly raises the piston 9. When said piston is raised to a certain height the. we haust valve is opened by member 39 engaging rock-arm 38, and the operator closes the admission valve. The piston descends by gravity at a rate depending on the extent to which the valves 3 can open. The admission valve is opened and closed manually until the cutoif-actuating rod 23 has assumed its proper position. Before starting the pump said rod 23 carrying the cut off element 20 will be in its lowest position, due to continued leakage of oil from the bottom of the cylinder 22; thus the cutoff will be long that is steam will be admitted for a longer period until the member 20 engages the arm 17and cuts off the steam. The operator turns on sufficient steam to drive the piston above the normal stroke. The excess travel beyond the normal causes the cylinder 22 and piston 24 with rod 23 and head 25 to exceed their normal movement. Until the head 25 reaches and covers the entrance to pipe 31, oil will be expelled through said pipe, but as soon as said entrance is covered by said head, oil will be forced back through the rod 23, past valve 27 into cylinder 22, much more quickly than it can escape through the cock 28. Result, the piston 24 and rod 23 are lifted, thereby shortening the cutoff by raising the valveshifter 20. This pumping ofoil into cylinder 22 is continued until piston 24 and connected parts are near the upper limit of their movement. Arm 17 is thrown back into the path of part 20, and the throttle 44 is then thrown wide open. Oil continuously leaks from cylinder 22, permitting the parts 23 and 24 to descend by gravity; but when the cutoff is sufficiently lengthened the steam piston will again be thrown too far, During the descent of the rod 23 caused by each down stroke of the steam piston, oil will be drawn into the cylinder 26 through pipes 30, 31 from vessels 29. The air holes 47 in cylinder 6 are so located as to height that they will be covered by the piston 9 at every abnormally long stroke thereof. Thus the air above the piston will by compression form a cushion for the piston, preventing its ever striking the upper cylinder head. i

I claim:

- 1. A steam pump comprising a piston steam actuated in one direction only, a weighted pump piston and connections therefrom to the steam piston through which said pump piston is lifted by the steam piston, the return forcing stroke being affected by gravity, valve mechanism controlling the steam inlet and cut-off, and means controlled by the movement of the steam piston for operating the valve mechanismto cut off steam-at a point such that the steam admitted will fully expand in efi'ectingsaid lifting stroke.

2. A steam pump comprising a cylinder and piston therein having a variable, stroke and steam actuated in one direction only, a weighted pump piston connected to and lifted by the steam piston, the return or forcing stroke being effected by gravity, valve mechanism, and governing means therefor controlled byvariations in the stroke of the piston correspondingly to vary the cutofi' of steam from said cylinder.

3. A. steam pump comprising a cylinder and piston therein having a variable stroke and steam actuated in one direction only,

a weighted pump piston connected to and lifted by the steam piston, the return forcing stroke being efiected by gravity,valve mechanism controlling the steam inlet and cut-off, means movable with the steam piston to actuate the valve mechanism, and means controlled by variations in the stroke to vary the posit on of said actuating means relatively to the steam piston.

4. A steam pump comprising a cylinder and piston therein having a variablestroke and steam actuated in one direction only, a weighted pump piston onnected to and lifted by the steam piston, the return fore,- ing stroke being efi'ected by gravity, valve mechanism controliing .he steam inlet and cut-off, an arm for operating the valve, members movable with the steam piston for retuating said arm to open and close the valve and steam actuated in one direction only,

a weighted pump piston connected to and lifted by the steam piston, the return forcing stroke being eflected by gravity, valve mechanism controlling the steam inlet and cut'otf, an arm for operating the valve, rods movable with said steam piston provided with members for engaging and actuating said stop to open and close the valve successively, and means controlled by variations in the stroke to move the rod carrying the closing member longitudinally relatively to the piston to vary the point in the stroke at which closingor cut-off will take place.

6. A steam pump comprising a cylinder and piston therein having a variable stroke and steam actuated in one direction only, a weighted pump piston connected to and lifted by the steam piston, the return forcing stroke being effected by gravity, valve mechanism controlling the steam inlet and cutoff, an arm foroperating the valve, a

- fixed cylinder exterior to the engine cylinder, a movable cylinder connected to and movable with the steam piston, a tubular rod having a member thereon for engaging the valve arm to close the valve, said rod having a piston in the movable cylinder and a piston in the fixed cylinder and being moved with the engine piston through movement of the movable cylinder, and means controlled by variations in the stroke acting upon said rod pistons to vary the position of said rod and valve closing member relatively to the steam piston.

I 7. A steam pump comprising a cylinder and piston therein having a variable stroke and steam actuated in one direction only, a weighted pump piston connected to and lifted by the steam piston, thevreturn forcing stroke being effected by gravity, valve mechanism controlling the steam inlet and cut-off. an arm for operating the valve, a fixed cylinder exterior to the engine cylinder, a movable cylinder connected to and movable with'the steam piston,- a tubular rod having a member thereon for engaging the valve arm to close the valve, sai rod having a piston in the movable cylinder and a piston in the fixed cylinder and beingthe tubular rod and valve thereon beneath the piston in the movable cylinder whereby said piston israiscd in said cylinder and the position of the valve closing member relatively changed to cause cutoff earlier in the stroke.

8. In a vertical direct acting steam pump, comprising a steam cylinder provided with an admission valve having a variable cutofi, a steam piston having a variable travel, a piston rod, a cylinder supported by the piston rod and traveling therewith, a fixed cyhiider directly above the cylinder carried by the piston rod, and of an area less than that of the cylinder carried by the piston rod and of a length greater than-that of the stroke of the steam piston, pistons in said cylinders, a tubular rod connecting said pistons and in communication with the cylin ders above-and below its respective piston, a valve admitting liquid from the tubular member to the cylinder carried by the piston rod, a tank adjacent the upper cylinder, two pipes connecting said upper cylinder with the tank and in communication with the cylinders one above the other, a valve carried by the upper pipe, the lower pipe closed by a slight upward movement of the piston, a stop carried by the tubular rod, a valve arm carried by the valve and in the ath of travel of said stop, substantially as s own and described.

, KENNEDY DOUGAN. Witnesses:

L. R. CLEMENT, JOHN MILLER.

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