US1144206A - Carbureter. - Google Patents

Description

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JOHN JunAsz, on NEW YORK, N. Y.

CARBURETER.

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New York and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Carbureters, of which the following is a specification.

The present invention relates to a car- .bureter for main connection with internal combustionengines, although applicable invarious other ways. v

The invention relates more particularly to "that type of carbureters in which air is caused to flow at high velocity past the discharge end of a permanently open liquid hydrocarbon supply -.conduit, whereby the liquid hydrocarbon -is entrained and atomized and sprayed, the resultant combustible mixture being composed of air and liquid hydrocarbon gasified or vaporized in part and in part sustained in liquid form.

One of the objects of the present invention is to provide a carbureter "which is adapted to furnish a predetermined mixture to an engine for the several speeds at which the latter may be running without readjustment of the carbureter parts.

Another object of the invention is to produce a carbureter which requires no further attention than the manipulation of the throttle.

'A further object of the invention is to construct a carbureter which will thoroughly mix and commingle the air with the liquid hydrocarbon previous to the passage into the combustion chamber. I

Still a further object of the invention is to provide a device of this character, which is eflicient in operation, simple in construction and which can be manufactured on a commercial scale, or in other wordswhich is not so difficult to produce as to be beyond the reasonable cost of such an article.

With these and other objects in view,

which will more fully appear as the nature of the invention is better understood, the same consists in the combination, arrangement and construction of parts hereinafter fully described, pointed out in the appended claims and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, it being understood that many changes may be made in the size and proportion of the several parts and details of construction within the scope of the appended claims without departing from the spirit or Specification of Letters Patent. Patented J n 22 1915 Application filed October 11, 1913.

Serial N0. 794,638.

sacrificing any of the advantages of the invention.-

One of the manypossible embodiments of the invention is illustrated in the accompany-ing drawings, in which Figure 1 is a vertical central section taken through a carbureter constructed in accordance with the present inventiong Fig. 2 is a front Y elevation, partly in section, of the same; Fig. 3 is a plan view of the throttle used in connection with the carbureter; Fig. 4 is a section taken on line- H of Fig. 3; Fig. 5 is a section taken on line 5-5 of Fig. 3; Fig. 6 is a section taken on line 6-6 of Fig. 3; Fig. 7 isa'n enlarged view of one of the fuel supply nozzles; Fig. 8 is a side elevation of the throttle operating means; and Fig. 9 is a section taken through the throttle and its casing, the throttle being in itsclosed position.

In the drawings, the numeral 10 indicates a casing having formed therein a plurality, in the present case three, L-shaped passages 11, constituting individual carbureter chambers. The lower ends 12 of these passages terminate in the side of the casing and form the main air inlets to the carbureter chamhere, while their upper ends 13 terminate in the upper face of the'casing and-constitute the outlets through which the charges formed in the chambers pass to the cylinders ofthe engine. The carbureter chambers are independent of each other, each of the same being a separate and distinct charge forming device, their numberbeing adapted-to be varied according to the requirements. Between the outlets ofthe casing 10 and the pipe leading to the manifold of the internal combustion engine is inserted a j oining member 10', the lower end 10 of which is flattened, as clearly shown in Fig. l of the drawings, and extended, as shown in Fi'g. 2 of the drawings, for a purpose hereinafter to be described.

Projecting upward through the body of the casing and in each of the passages 11 is disposed a fuel supply nozzle 14-. These nozzles communicate with a transverse passage 15 in the casing 10, said passage being supplied with liquid hydrocarbon through a channel 16 from a lateral float chamber 17, in which a float 18, acting upon levers 19, 19, which are suitably attached to a needle valve 20, keeps the level of the liquid hydrocarbon always the same. v The needle valve 20 controls the inlet 21 to'the float chamber,

- charge openings 31, from which extend lonsaid inlet being connected by a pipe 22 with a supply tank. Obviously float chambers oi,

other types could just as well be made" use of, the one herein described being disclosed for purposes of illustration only.

The construction ofll of the charge nozzles 14 is'alike. Each nozzle comthose of bores 25 inthe casing, squared heads prises a tubular member 23, the lower enlarged end '24- of which is exteriorly screw.

threaded, said screw threads meshing with -26.'upon the nozzles serving to facilitate produced by the suction of the pistons and their mounting upon the casing. The nozzles are inserted through interiorly screw threaded bores 27, which, after the nozzles have been put in place, are closed by plugs 28. The upper end of each nozzle is closed '.by ascreur 29, having a tapering point 30.

Near vit's upper end each nozzle 'is provided with a plurality of radially extending disgitudinal slots .32 to its upper end. The liq uid hydrocarbon, which is kept in the nozzles at a level slightly below th t. of-the openings 31, is drawnout by air currents passing the said nozzles. Inasmuch as the .stantially horizontal directions, the POHItS' upper ends of the nozzles are closed, the liquid hydrocarbon flows through the discharge openings 31 and the slots'32 in subof; the screws 29 acting as deflectors. Owing to tlnsarrangement, a flow of the liquid hydrocarbon will be induced substantially at right angles to the direction of the flow of the air, thereby resulting in a'thoroughmixture of the air and liquid hydrocarbon in the ca'rbureting chambers.

Above the fuel discharge nozzles 14 is formed in the casing 10 a horizontal hollow.

cylindrical enlargement 33, the ends. of which are closedby heads 34, upon which are forniedbearings 35' for. the journals 36 vof a cylindrical throttle valve 37', thatis located within said enlargement. The body of the'throttle is provided with thre'eopen p ings, corresponding to the three passages 11,- the said openings being denoted bythe nu-' merals 38, 39 and 40. 'These openings ex tend diametricallythrough the body of the" throttle, and are substantially cylindrical.v

The cross section of the opening l0 corre-. sponds exactly to the-cross section of its respcctive passage 11. The cross section of the central portion of the opening 39 corresponds also to the 'cross section of its ,pa's' sage 11, increasing, however, from said central portionto its'upper end 41, and; in a similar manner-to its lower end 42;,the leading edge il of the-upper end being in ad- Vance of its normal section, In asimilar manner corresponds the cross section of the 1 central portion "of the opening 38 to that of its corresponding passage 11 this "section increasing toward its upper end 43, and-in lained. The operation of the, carbureter is "as fola similar manner toward its-lower end tach'ed to one of its journals,' a fixed stop {l7 being formed upon one of its heads 34:, such stop limiting the closing of thethrottle,

.and an adjustable stop, .in thefform of a set the leading edge 45 at its upper end being in advance of its normal cross section,- and to a greater degree than that of the opening Y 39. The throttle isv adapted to be'actuated by meansof a lever 4=6, which is fixedly at serew-v 48, being 7 provided alseupajn' said headfor limiting andadjustingtheopening of the throttle! Around the'hozzlesiis a' iacliet-gig I through which a heating- .inedium may: c1rfuel supply nozzles. I

In the valve ch dric'al enlargement. 33 lot-the carbureter are formed 'threeapertur'es, denoted -.bythe numerals 51, 52.and .53. Eachof these apertures 'leadsto one of the L-shaped passages 11, constituting the three c'ai'bureter chambers The aperture .51 is'di sposed in such a manner-' that, when the-throttle is in its. closed position (Fig. 9),, the edge 54 of the opening eemgaemay of the throttle perher, that is in thecynnculatethrough pipes 50, 50, which 3160011: nected, for instance, with the water cooling system of the engine, for the purpose of maintaining an even temperature around the mits'air toIflow-into the said opening. This. I

aperture is, however, closed as soon; as the throttle is move d toward its opening position, and 'kept closed until the throttle is fully opened, .in which case the edge 55 of the opening'38 uncovers again .the said aperture, as shown-in Fig, 1 ofthe drawings; JIheo enings 52 and: 53 are disposed in such a manner upon the cylindrical enlargement 33 of; the casing=that the throttle covers'the" same until swung to its fully open position,

when the edge 56 of the opening 39 andthe edge 57 of the opening40 uncover the apertures'52 and 53,. respectively. Thepurpose nozzlein thatpassagell which is controlled @by the opening 38gare the largest,those cooperating with the opening 39. smaller,and

those in the-nozzle: coiiperating with the.

.openingAO still smaller -It .isto be observed thatwhen thethrottl'e .is in its closed position, that is to say when the lever 46 abuts against the stop '47 the openings'39m responding passages 11, the apertures 52 and and. 40 are out of .alinement with their 'cor- 53-being closed. The opening-38 is, however, not in' its fully closed position,'that is to say a Inin1mun1 'opening is always provided sufficient to permit of aflow of air pastthe supply nozzle in the middle passage v 11 to furnish the proper amount of combustible mixture for the motor when running slow without any load applied thereto, for instance if the engine is mounted upon an automobile and the latter is at its full stop. The aperture 51 is open (Fig. 9) to permit air to flow into the opening 38 so as to make the mixture flowing therethrough suiiiciently lean for a slow running engine to. which no load is applied. In shifting'the throttle to open it, first the opening 38 becomes efiective, the aperture 51 being closed immediately, then the opening 39 becomes effective, and finally the opening 40,.or in other words the passages 11 are gradually and in successio'n opened- Inasmuch as. these passages are not interconnected, the same eifect will be obtained as if a plurality of independent carbureters were provided. These carbureters, however, are caused to coiiperate inasmuch as they are controlled by a common throttle in such a'manner that the second in the series starts its operation before the first in the series becomes fully operative, and the thir'din the series furnishes a combustible mixture before the second in-theseries is rendered fully operative. When the throttle is in its fully open position, the apertures 51, 52 and 53 are uncovered, permitting auxiliary air to enter the individual carbureter chambers, said auxiliary air making the mixture flowing through said cham-' bers more uniform and homogeneous.

The joining member 10 forms a mixing chamber for the combustible mixtures passing through the carburetor chambers. -As

long as only the middle carbureter chamber is operative, the mixture flows to the central passage 11 in a straight line through the joining member into the pipeleading to the manifold. hen, however, one or both of the remaining carbureter chambers become effective, the individual mixtures flowing through the side chambers 11 into the said mixing chamber are deflected by the inclined walls 58 thereof and caused to intermingle with the mixture flowing through the central chamber.

If the sizes of the discharge openings of the three fuelsupply nozzles'are once determined, and the set screw 48 is placed in the proper position, no further adjustment of the parts willbe'necessary. By the use of a number of nozzles with the properlyproportioned discharge openings, the properamount of liquid hydrocarbon for the-air passing the nozzles is furnished. When the chargefiows through the opening 38 only, 1 which is atslow speed, the most eihcientmixture for that speed is obtained. When the opening 89 becomes operative, a different mixture, a combination of those flowing through the openings 38 and 39 will be obtained, which is best fitted for the motor when the'latter is running at a second prenation of the three individual mixtures will be obtained. The throttle valve thus not only controls the quantity of the charge, but also its quality.

What I claim is 1. In a carbureter, the combination with a plurality of carburetor chambers, each chamber having a main air inlet and'an outlet, of a fuel supply nozzle in each chamber, a valve casing interposed between said inlets and outlets having a pluralityof apertures through which air is adapted to flow into said chambers, and a cylindrical throttle in said casing common to all of said chambers having openings through which communications are adapted to be established between the main air inlets of said chambers and their respective outlets, said openings being of varying sizes and said throttle being rotatable, whereby said communications are established gradually and in succession, said throttle controlling the passage of air through said apertures into said carburetor chambers.

2. In a carbureter, the combination with a plurality'ofcarburete'r chambers, each ch amher having a main air inlet and an outlet, of

a fuel supply nozzle in each chamber, a valve casing interposed between said inlets and outlets having a plurality of apertures through which air is adapted to flow into said chambers, and a cylindrical throttle in said casing common to all of said chambers having openings through which communications are adapted to be established be tween the main air inlets of said chambers and their respective outlets, said openings being of varying sizes and said throttle being rotatable, whereby said communications are established gradually and in succession, said throttle controlling said apertures and permitting air to flow therethrough into said carbureter chambers when shifted to its fully open position.

'3. In a carbureter, the combination with a plurality of carbureter chambers, each chamber having a main air inlet and an outlet, of a fuel supply nozzle in each cham in succession, said throttle controlling said apertures andqpermitting air to. flow while the throttle is in its closed. positioninto that chamber the nozzle of which is permanently in'communication withthe' outlet of its chamber, s'topping such flow assoon as the'throttle is shifted toward its-,open position, and allowing the passage of air into all of said chambersthrough said apertures k In a carbureter, thecom'bmation with through .which air is adapted to flow into said chambers, a cylindrical throttle in said asing 'common:to all-0f said chambers hay ing openings through whichcommunica 'tions are adapted" to be established between 'the-main'air inlets of said chambers and their respective outlets, said openings being of varying sizesand said throttle' being ro-' tatable, whereby. said communications are established gradually and insuccession, said throttle controlling the 'passage"of -'air' 7 through said apertures into said carburet'er "chambers, and a mixing chamber into which the combustible mixtures are conducted through said outlets.

5.111 a carbureter, the combination-with a plurality of 'carbureterchambers, each chamber having a main air inlet and an out -let, of a fuel supply nozzle in each chamber,

a valve casing interposed between saidinlets and outlets having a plurality of aper .tures through which air is adapted to flow into said chambers, a cylindrical throttle in" said casing common; to all 'ofsaid chambers having openings through which communications are adapted tohe establishedbetween the main air inlets of said chambers and their respective outlets, saidopenings being of varying sizes and said throttle-beingrotatable, whereby said. communications are a established gradually-and in succession, V throttle controlling said apertures and per- .mitting 'air to flow therethrough intosaid carbureter chambers when shifted to its fully-open position, and a mixing chamber ctmduc'ted through said outlets.

6.111 aecarbureterthe combinatio'njwith 7 ""a plurality of carbureter' chambers,- each chamber having a mainairinlet and .anoutlet, of a fuel supply nozzle in eachchamber,

one of said nozzles fbeing permanently ,.'communication with the-outlet of'its. cham inlets and outlets havingayplurality of apertures through which air is adapted to how intosaid chambers,

her, a yalve casing interposed between said. 60

a cylindrical' throttle in said casing common to all of said chambers having. openings through-j" which communications are adapted to-be, established between the main air-inlets of said chambers and their respective outlets,

'- saidopenings'being of varying sizes and v said'ithrottle and in succession, said throttle controlling said apertures and permitting air to flow ,while the throttle is, in its closed position let of: its chamber, stopping such .flow as soon as thethrottle is shifted toward its being rotatable, whereby said communications are established -gradua1ly 7 0 v into that chamber thenozzl'e of which is I: permanently in communication with, the outopen position, and allowingthepassage of 'air into all of said chambers through-said apertures when said throttle is fully opened,

and a mixing-chamber into which the com' I bus'tible mixtures are conducted through said-outlets; v v Signed at' New York, in the county of 26th day of September, A. D. 1913;

JOHN JUHRSZ- Witnessesz V p 7' t SIGMUNn-Himzoc,

S. Bniuisaoi'r. 7

New York and State of Ne'w York', this

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