US1139384A - Apparatus for constructing concrete columns. - Google Patents

Description

APPARATUS Foa APPL H. S. TAFT.

CONSTRUCTING CONCRETE COLUMNS.

cATloN man MAY22,1913.

Patented May 11, 1915.

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HH Nulele l5 Faibles co.. PHO! H'. S. TAFT.

APPARATUS FOR CONSTRUCTING CONCRETE COLUMNS.

4 APPLICATION FILED MAY 22| 1913. 11911399340 Patented May 11, 1915.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

THE NORRlS PETERS CO..PHDTc-LI1'HO., WASHlNGmN. D. C4

H. S. TAFT.

APPARATUS FOR CONSTRUCTING CONCRETE COLUMNS.

APPLICATION HLED MAY 22. 1913.

191399354@ Patented May 11, 1915.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

THE NORRIS PETERS Cd.. FMCITc-LITHO41 WASHINGTON, D. 4':A

H. S. TAFT.

APPARATUS FOR CONSTRUCTING CONCRETE COLUMNS.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 22. 1913.

191398@ Patented May11,1915.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

THE NoRRls PETERS C04. PHOTO-LITHO., WASHINGTON. D, c.

H. S. TAFT.

APPARATUS FOR CONSTRUCTING CONCRETE COLUMNS. APPLICATION FILED MAY 22.19I3.

L. 391,334@ Patented May 11, 1915.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

@fawn/59W THE MORRIS PETERS C0.. PHaTG-UTHO.. WASHING mN. n c

DNPPFQD TATE PATENT FFCF.

HARRISON S. TAFT, OF SEATTLE, WASHINGTON.

APPARATUS FOR CONSTRUCTING CONCRETE COLUMNS.

Application filed May 22, 1913.

b all @07mm it may concern:

Be it known that l, HARRISON S. TAFT, a citizen of the United States, and resident of Seattle, in the county of King and State of vWashington, have invented new and useful Improvements in Apparatus for Constructing Concrete Columns, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to the construction of columns of concrete or reinforced concrete, and has for its particular object the facilitation of under-water operations of this character in situations where the depth of water renders caisson work diflicult or impossible.

rThe invention consists in apparatus adapted to the construction of either solid or hollow concrete piles or columns.

ln the drawings hereto annexed, which illustrate my invention and the mode of operation,-

Figures l, l and lb show in section the lower, middle and upper parts of a concrete column'or pile and the apparatus for building the same, (Fig. lb being on a larger scale than l, or la) Fig. 2 is a cross section (on a larger scale) on the line 2 2 of Fig. la; Fig. 3 is a cross section on a larger scale at the line 3 3 of Fig. l; Fig. at is a vertical section on still larger scale of a perforated exterior guide; Fig. 5 is a vertical section on the same scale as Fig. l of the interior guide for the center core form of the column; Fig. 6 is a cross section taken on line (3-6 of Fig. lb; Fig. 7 shows a plan view of the arrangement of the reinforcement of the conical hollow head of the column; and Fig. S is vertical sectional view of a concrete column constructing' apparatus showing the method of introducing the concrete into the mold or form.

Referring to Figs. l, la, lb and 8: a cylindrical sheet pile or coifer A, which is put together in sections, is sunl into the bottom material M to such a distance that the water in the interior of the coffer A may be readily pumped out and the interior kept waterfree. Any suitable sheet piling material may be used to build the coffer A, such as, for instance, Lackawanna sheet piling. The coffer A is braced internally by the bracing rings A which are wedged into place and preferably held together and spaced b vmeans of hangers, such as a. lnto the interior of the coffer A the outer form C, which is composed of sections, is

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May il, MM5.

serial No. 769,212.

lowered into place and the lower section or cutting edge C driven or sunk into the bottom material M to a suitable distance either before, during, or after, the excavating operation. Angle iron rings C2 may be employed to join the sections of this outer form together. The form C being` placed within the outer coffer A, the interior of the form C may be pumped out and the bottom material M excavated therefrom as far as desired, and then, if necessary, sub-piles P are driven into the bottom material.

An apparatus for driving the sub-piling will not be described here since it forms the subject matter of an application for United States Letters Patent filed by me concurrently herewith and serially numbered 769,215.

YVhen the sub-piles P have been driven and prepared for the deposition of concrete, the concrete is poured in to form a base B, which embraces and binds the sub-piling P; thereupon, the form D, or a section of it, may be lowered into place. The conical termination D9 of the form D should preferably be supported and centered so as to stand above the heads of the piles P and be spaced therefrom. If desired, reinforcing metal may be incorporated into the base B in the usual manner so as to lock or anchor the superincumbent mass to the base. Reinforcing material for the column or pile itself will consist of rods or metal strips which may be formed in various ways. mode of arranging the reinforcement for a hollow pile is indicated in Figs. l421 and 1b, where a cage is formed of vertical rods H and spirally arranged rods I. Outside of this cage-like arrangement other parallel vertical rods G may be employed.

The lower course of metal reinforcement, being in place, concrete is deposited on the top of the base B and around the heads of the piles P which were left projecting above the top of the base B, and thereupon, the inner form is lowered into place. This inner form is generally designated as D in Fig. l, and consists of a hollow metal shell put together in sections and provided with an interior spreading or bracing device, which will presently be described. The lowermost section ofthe interior form D will have preferably a conical termination as shown at D, Fig. l; this lower section need not be permanently attached to the section next above it, so that when the interior form is finally removed (as presumably it will be) from the column or pile, the conical form at D9 will remain in place.

The structure of the inner Aform D is shown in Figs. la and 3. An outer shell D ofV comparatively thin metal is reinforced from within by several segmental metal sections D2, which are provided with angle iron reinforcements D3 to which are attached links DL which extend radially to a nut D5, which is threaded to receive a threaded portion on the central rod D6; the nuts D5 are right-handed in some instances and lefthanded in others, as indicated in Fig. l, so that when the rod D( is turned, the left hand threaded nuts will be drawn toward the right hand threaded nuts and the links D4 moved toggle-wise to brace'the reinforcing segmentsV D2 firmly against the interior of the comparatively thin shell D. vFor convenience, metal ladder rungs asD8 may be secured to one of these segments D2' and plates or platforms as D7, to others. These adjuncts serve to'strengthen the reinforcing segments D2 and also provide facilities for men who may have to descend into the inner form generally designated as D. The thin shell D is merely a skin over the effective structure of the form itself, and removal of the' form D, may, and usually would,

'mean, removal of the structure within the shell D', which in most cases will be left in the pile.

The apparatus for building the concrete column in the annular space between the outer form C and the inner form D, comprises as its principal functional factor the sliding perforated exterior' guide E which is a metal tube or box provided with a large number of perforations which preferably slant downward and outward; this tube or box is of less diameter than the interior of the outer form C and has angle iron ribs extending from top to bottom which bear against the interior of the outer form C. The structure of the perforated sliding exterior guide is shown in Figs. 3 and 4. The perforated portion is made in segments E which are joined to the angle iron ribs E2. This perforated exterior guide E serves and assists in the proper distribution of concrete within the form C. Also it serves as a holder for the interior cage-like reinforce- .ment composed of the reinforcing members H-I (see Figs. l and 3). This cage-like reinforcement structure is cylindrical in form and, as illustrated in Fig. 1, extends vertically throughout the body of the column. The dimensions of this cylindrical cage-like reinforcement H-I are such as to fit easily inside the cylindrical guide E which consequently holds the cage reinforcement H-I properly centered while concretek is being deposited around it to embed the said reinforcement in the column.

The guide E may also be adapted to hold outer vertical reinforcement such as rods G,

as follows: A hoop E4 (see Figs. 3 and 4).

is secured to the inside of the cylindrical guide E preferably at or near the vupper surface of the cylindrical segments E by means of blocks E5 between which are left spaces for the accommodation of the vertically disposed reinforcement rods Cr.

These rods being slipped into their ap-pro- Vedge thereof and is spaced from the inner priate holes between the blocks E5, are held.k

1n proper Vposition while concrete is being deposited around them, and as the guide E slides upward new rods G can be inserted between the blocks E5 as required. The proportions of'theperforated guide E are such that the cage-like reinforcement H, I,

is embraced by it while the angles E2 slide together by means of plates F2 which project both inside and outside of the cylindrical shell composed of the segments F. These plates F f bear against the inner form D and also against the metal reinforcement H, I, so that the former is kept truly centered during the deposition ofY concreteV which might otherwise displace Vor distort it. Ropes or wires L serve to suspend and manipulate the interior guide F.

The inner form D may be built up in sections as work progresses, the inner reinforcement H, I, lowered into place outside the interior guide F and inside the perforated exterior guide E, and if desired, reinforcing rods G are inserted between the spacer blocks E5 provided as above described in thelguidek E. Concrete properly Y mixed is sent down through tubes in a manner hereinafter described and fills the space between the interior form D and `exterior form C, passing by the interior guide F and entering the interior of the perforated'guide E. The perforations allowthe fine material to pass outside, filling the space between the guide E and the exterior form C; the forcible descent of the concreteV material exericises an effective tamping action which may be supplemented by movement oftherguide E which is raised by Vdegrees as they deposit of concrete progresses', the interior guide F being raised ina corresponding manner so as to perform its function asa spacing and centering contrivance for the inner form D.

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In this manner and with the apparatus hereinabove described, the concrete column or pile is built from its foundation to the desired height. In completing the column and before the head or capital is built thereon, if a column be hollow as shown in Figs. l, la, and 1b, the hollow core is completed by placing a conical cap at D10 over the axial opening in the column and placing around this cap D10 the conical or conoidal reinforcement composed of circumferential and longitudinal reinforced metal O and N which is prepared for the reinforcement of the conical head shown in Fig. 1b. This conical head is preferably provided with a central solid core of concrete C and is molded with webs R which extend from the core C to the conical shell C.

The manner in which concrete is deposited in the course of constructing the column or pile is indicated in Fig. 8, which shows a simpler apparatus for the construction of a solid concrete pile. In this apparatus the coifer A and form C, sub-piling P and foundation concrete B set in the bottom material M are all substantially as described hereinabove. The reinforcing material (not shown in Fig. 8) will preferably be introduced as shown in Figs. l, 1a and 3. Since the concrete will be introduced into the center of the column in order to form the solid pile, it will not be necessary to provide an interior guide such as shown in Fig. 5. The perforated guide E, however, performs its function in the construction of the solid pile, first, in keeping the reinforcing metal in place, and second, in straining the fine material through its perforations, so as to produce a suitable surface at the outside of the concrete column. The concrete is deposited in the form C by means of the sectional tube rI into the top of which concrete is delivered from the hopper or chute, as S. As the column progresses in construction from below upward, sections of the tube T will be removed and hoisted out of the form C. In the construction of the hollow pile or column above described similar tubes will be employed of suitable size and shape to deliver the material into the space between the inner and outer forms.

The mode of molding and forming the hollow conical heads is too well known to engineers acquainted with concrete construction to require detailed description.

Apparatus substantially as above described may be constructed and its parts so shaped as to adapt 1t to the formation of polygonal piles as well as cylindrical.

What I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In apparatus for constructing reinforced concrete columns, the combination of an outer inclosing form, and a guide, fitted to slide in said outer form, and comprising means .to embrace and hold in position the reinforcing members for the column.

2. In apparatus for constructing reinforced concrete columns, the combination of an outer inclosing form, and a perforated guide, fitted to slide in said outer form and comprising means to embrace and hold in position the reinforcing members for the column.

3. In apparatus for constructing concrete columns, the combination of an outer inclosing form, a guide, fitted to slide in said inclosing form, and provided with spacer strips to bear on the interior of said form, said guide also comprising means to embrace and hold in position the reinforcing members for the column.

4. In apparatus for constructing concrete columns, the combination of an outer inclosing form, a perforated g-uide, fitted to slide in said inclosing form and provided with spacer strips to bear on the interior of said form, said guide also comprising means to embrace and hold in position the reinforcing members for the column.

5. In apparatus for constructing reinforced concrete columns, the combination of an outer inclosing form, and a guide, fitted to slide in said outer form, and comprising means to embrace and hold in position the reinforcing members for the column, and a water excluding Colfer surrounding the said outer inclosing form.

6. In apparatus for constructing reinforced concrete columns, the combination of an outer inclqsing form, and a perforated guide, fitted to slide in said outer form, and comprising means to embrace and hold in position the reinforcing members for the column, and a water excluding Colfer surrounding the said outer inclosing form.

7. In apparatus for constructing rein forced concrete columns, the combination of an outer inclosing form, comprising detachable sections, and a guide, fitted to slide in said outer form, and comprising means to embrace and hold in position the reinforcing members for the column.

8. In apparatus for constructing reinforced concrete columns, the combination of an outer inclosing form, comprising detachable sections, and a perforated guide, fitted to slide in said outer form, and comprising means to embrace and hold in position the reinforcing members for the column.

9. In apparatus for constructing reinforced concrete columns, the combination of an outer inclosing form, comprising detachable sections, and a guide, fitted to slide in said inclosing form, and provided with spacer strips to bear on the interior of said form, said guide also comprising means to embrace and hold in position the reinforcing members for the column.

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'10. In apparatus for constructing reinforced concrete columns, the combination of an outer inclosing form, comprising detachable sections, and a perforated guide, fitted to slide in said inclosing form, and provided with spacer strips to bear on` the interior of said form, said guide also comprising means to embrace and hold in position the reinforcing members for the-column.

11. In apparatus for constructing reinforced concrete columns, the combination of an outer inclosing form, comprising detachable sections, and a guide, fitted to slide in said outer form, and comprising means to embrace and hold in position the reinforcing members for the column, and a Water eX- cluding coffer surrounding the said oute inclosing form. Y

12. In apparatus for constructing reinforced concrete columns, the combination of van outer inclosing form, comprising detachable sections, and a perforated guide, fitted to slide in said outer form, and comprising means to embrace and hold in positionthe reinforcing members for the column, and a Water excluding cofier surrounding the said inclosing form.y Y

l13. In apparatus for constructing concrete columns, the combination of an outer inclosing form, an outer guide, fitted to slide in said outer form, and comprising means to embrace and hold in position the reinforcing members for the column, an innerv guide fitted to slide Within said reinforcing means, and to embrace and slide upon an inner form, and said inner form.

14. In apparatus for constructing concrete columns, the combination of an outer inclosing form, an outer .perforated guide, fitted to slide in said outer form, and comprising means to embrace and hold in position the reinforcing 'members for the column, an inner guide, fitted to slide Within said reinforcing means and .to embrace and Yslide upon an inner form, and said inner form.

15. In apparatus for constructing concrete columns, the combination of an outer inclosing form, an outer guide, fitted to slide in said outer form, and provided With spacer strips to bear on the interior of said form, said outer guide also comprising means to embrace and hold in position the reinforcing members for the column, an inner guide, provided With spacer strips on the inside and outside to bear and slide respectively on an inner forml and the reinforcing members, and said inner form.

16. In apparatus for constructing concrete columns, the combination of an outer inclosing form, an outer perforated guide, fitted to slide in said outer form, and provided With spacer strips to bear on the interior of said form, said outer guide also comprising means to embraceand hold in position the reinforcing members for the column, and an inner guide, provided with spacer strips on the inside and outside to bear and slide respectively on an inner form and the reinforcing members, and said inner form. Y i l 17. In apparatus for constructing concrete columns, the combination of an outer inclosing form, an outer guide, fitted to slide in said outer form, and comprising 18. In apparatus for constructing con crete columns, the combination ofy an outer inclosing form, an outer `perforated gu-ide, fitted to slide in said outer form, and comprising means to embrace and hold in position the reinforcing members for the column, an innery guide, fitted to slide Within said reinforcing means, andl to embrace rand slide upon an inner form, and said inner form, and a Water excluding coff'er surrounding the said outer inclosing form.

19. In apparatus for constructing concrete columns, the combination of an outer inclosing form, comprising detachable sections, an outer guide, fitted to slide in said outer form and comprising means to em-j brace and hold in position the reinforcing members for the column, an inner guide,

fitted to slide Within said reinforcing means,

and to embrace and Vslide upon an inner Y form, and said inner form.

20. In apparatus for constructing concrete columns, the combination of an outer inclosing form, comprising detachable sections, an outer perforated guide, fitted to slide in said outer form, and comprising means to embrace and hold in position the reinforcing members for the column, an inner guide, fitted to slide Within said reinforcing means, and toembrace and slide upon an inner form, and said inner form.

21. In apparatus for constructing concrete columns, the combination of an outer inclosing form, an outer guide, fitted to slide in said outer form, and providedwith spacer strips to bear on the interior of said form, said outer guide also comprising means to embrace and hold in position the reinforcing members for the column, .an inner guide, provided with spacer strips on the inside Vand outside, to bear and slide respectively on an inner form and the reinforcing members, and said inner form, Vand a Water excluding coffer surrounding the said outer inclosing form.

22. In apparatus for constructing concrete columns, the combination of an outer inclosing form, an` outer perforatedV guide,

fitted to slide in said outer form, and proform, and a Water excluding coi'er sur- 10 vided with spacer strips to bear on the inrounding the said outer inclosing form.

terior of said form, said guide also com Signed by me at Seattle, Washington, this prising means to embrace and hold in 12th day of May 1913. position the reinforcing members for the HARRISON S TAFT column, an inner guide, provided with spacer strips on the inside and outside, to Witnesses:

bear and slide respectively on an inner form EUGENE L. MGALLASTER, and the reinforcing members, and said inner CLIFFORD WILEY.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, D. C.

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