US1137208A - Hydraulic apparatus. - Google Patents

Description

H. S. HELE-SHAW & F. LEIGH-IVIARTINEAU.

HYDRAULIC APPARATUS. APPLICATION FILED NIAR. II, I9II. slg'gg Patented Apr. 27, 1915.

@SHEETS-SHEET 1.

H. S. HELE-SHAW 5L' F. LEGH-NIRUNEAU. HYDRAUUC APPARATUS. APPLlcATIoN man 111111.11, 1911.

H. s,.HELE-'SHAW L F. LUSH-MARTINEAU.

HYDRAULIC APPARATUS. APPLICATION FILED MAR. II, IBII. 1,137208, luented Apr. 27,' '1915.

` 8 3sHEETs-sHEET 3.

FID

I memos.

.HYDRAULIC APEARAT US.

Specicaton'e Letters Patent.

Patented Apr. 2t', lllli.

Appieation led. March ii, i911. Serial No. l.

T0 all idiom, 'it m zy/ conce/rn Be it known tliat We, HENRY Smm Hum bLHAw and Finnois LsIGnl/lairriiissn, sulojects of the King of Great Britain, and residing at No. G4 Victoria street. London. il? C., England, liave invented new and useful Improvements iii Hydraulic Apparatus. ot which tlie following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements connected with hydraulic apparatus and luis reference particularly to cranes and operated by coiitinuousl;Y driven variable stroke pumps preteralilf,7 ot tlie type set toi-vili in tlie speciiieation ot Letters Patent No. lZ-Ll/GQ, which autou'iatieally cease to circulate liquid when the pressure witliiu the system reaches a certain predetermined limitK l@ur invention cons' s primarily in the provision ot' a selleoiaa'izied closed Circuit crane 1aliei'e'iii a continuously driven variable stroke pump or `eontinc.ousljiv driven variable stroke pumps is are utilized to actuate separate ii'ieclianisiii for elifeting separately `or siiiuiltaneously as ma); be den sii'ed dillerent distinct i'iiovements of a load.

An iiuporant feature of our invention broadly Consists in proviffling said apparatus 4with means for insuring that tlie pump or pumps sl'iall autoiiiaticalb7 cease to operate immediately the Crane is left ui'iattendef and combining with. suoli means a means for causingv the pump or pumps to also automatically cease increasing pressure velieri tlie pressure within tiie system reaches a Certain iiedeteiniined limit.

in order tliatour said invention may be more readilyv understood and carried into practice, reference is hereby made to llie accompanying sheets oit illustrative drawings wherein an example oi" our invention applied to the case o a crane is illustrated.

In these drawings Figure l. is a side elerational view partly' in ser-,tion of a. crane Constructed iii accordance with our invention. Fig. 2 is a rear elevational vieuY tliereof. Fig. 3 is a diagrammatic View illustrating tlie pipe s vsteii'i. Figs. 4 and are elevational and plan views respectively of -tlie safety Control whereby the pump isautomatically brought to its zero position when left unattended `from any cause, andFig. 6 is a sectional plan View on line fle-'A of Fig. l illustrating the sluing gear. Fig. 7 is a detail elevational View of the pressure regulating device shown in Fig. l.

stroke varying ring of the Referring to these drawings, the numeral' l designates an hydraulic rain whose moveiueiit operates to raise and lower tlie lead. The numeral 2 designates a variable'sti'olre reversible rotary pump preferably of 'the type forth in tlie specification oi Letters .Pat-ent No. @574/09 Wliieli pump is, when the a'igiaratus is in operation continuously driven lov an eleotrie or other motor at. From one of tlie orifices tlie pump a pipe 3 (Fig. leads to the rain l and thus the operation of' the pump serves to transmit fluid. under pressure to aetuate tffie rain and tlius tlie ram will be raised or lowered se` cording to the direction of i'flovv oi' the liquid. lirom the other orilice of tlie pump a. pipe, 5 leads to a. supply or maize up tank f5. lt will be understood that. tlie movement of lie rain l is therefore dependent ou the positien ot the stroke varying ring of tlie. pump f2, and tliis position. san adjusted at will ily tlie operation of the. .'Jlieel S vrliose screw threaded spindle 9 is engaged in a` tapped liloeli i0 ea 'i'ied upon the upper end of an arm or lever l, Wliieli latter is prof'ided .vitli a slot 12 at its lower end. The slotted end ofthe arm or lever il pivotally engages a pin or pivot 13 wliieli piu or pivot is cari'ied upon the. upper end. of a rain le. "lliic pump Q is pir otally connected as at i5 to the arm or lever il. it will tlius loe clear that the .vlieel l5 is rot-ated, the arm will more pin or pivot- 13., and tlius stroke Awill be ven to the pump and tlie direction oi low ot the liquid will of course depend on tlie direction in vvliieli the wheel 8 is rotate ln the event of the pressure Within tlie s vsteni becoming too `great, suoli for instanee as when tlie crane overloadeda tlie sesentrieity of tlie stroke varying ring of tlie pump 3 will loe auteiaatieally reduced by the rising oit tlie ram le to -Wliieli glie liquid under pressure lias access tlirougli a suitable pipe (not shown). As tlie pressure in the system rises, the rain la also rises in opposit-ion to the safety spring l'wliieli surrounds a rod 17 and is located between the projections 19. of the support 20 and the liead of the ram 14. As the ram M rises, the

pin or pivot 13 travelsyalong the slot 12 and reduces the stroke of the pump until, when the pin or pivot 13 has reached a position in line with the 15 b ,vrwliieli the stroke varying rod. of the pump is loosely eonnested preferaloout the.

to its zero position but only moves the ring sufficiently to alter the stroke of tlie pump to that et which 'the pump is capable of elle;-

` tively ov rcoming the lood, the safety spring 16 being such es to offer esuliicient resistance to insure the continuous Working of the apparatus under 'normal loecis. That is soy, the stroke of the pump is only reduced when tlie pressure Witliiii the system becomes excessive. @t course although (lescribed particularly in relation to e. orene, foregoing ineeiienisni may loe equally Well applied in any case Where it is required to move u, rein te overcome resistance.

In the cese of the crane tlie subject of this particular exemple, the pump E?, anti its conu trolling mechanism is cerriel upon u plet- :forzn 2l which is capable oi rotation in com with the ruin about the cell. bearings 2Q. The rotation orn the crane is effected lay the sluing gear comprising ej seperate secondary pump in line with tlie pump 2 und driven by tlie sume sli-.ift and operating en hydraulic motor located. in tlie lisse. The direction. of flow of the liquid is determined 'oy tlie position of the stroke varying ring Within the secondary pump is also lie rete'olt flew. The roti of tliis seoonclery pump *is spring controllecl or previilerl with some other Ineens for insuring the stroke varying ring norinnll;r remaining in its zero position so that pump on@Y has stroke while tlie lever is lielrl over by tlie operator. The fluid. pressure' is transmitted through e. system. of pipes es shown in Figs. 2 :incl 3 to the motor 24 which comprises u plurality" (in this three) of tubular pistons 2o arranged rudi-.illy ereunol the distributing valve 2.6. '.lie valve 2G consists ot an internal cylinder provided with ports E27, either of i-vliicli uct alternately as inlet and outlet port-s to and from the motor, their particular functions being; oi' course determined by tlie direction oft oiE the liquid. These ports are connected oy bores 34. in seid' cylinder one to escn side oi the central distributingchest 26 olI the pump 23. )ver t-lie 'tubular pist-ons are placed cylinders 29 which ere closefl` et their outer ends und fitted with su'llicient accuracy over seid pistons us to ullorcl o, sui'lciently liquicl-tiglit joint for practical purposes. These cylinders are constrained to move in :i radi-.il direction only, oy the rollers Q9, which ure contines' within guides formed by the edges oii ille blocks 50 secured to the buse ol tlm crune. Above the cylinders u circular disk 31. is arranged eccentric to the center of rotation of the motor unil this eccentric dislf. is provided arouncl its rievgeoe edge with petli 3i against which. tlie rollers 291 operate. ',llie sleeve 3lD .integral with or connected to the .flisir 31 is secured at its upper extremity to the platform 2i Witl which it rotates. @ne of the pistons i315 is always situated over or practically over one of: the ports Qi Wl'iioh will loe readily seen on referenee to Fig. *i of the drawings. lil/*lien e pressure is exerted in the system one oi? the cylinders occorcling to the rlirection o' flow. `will exert pressure on the putli '81 wliicli will, if tlie pressure lee suf ciently greet, cause the petli to revolve together with the distributing valve 26 about the center oi' rotation oi? the motor until the Si) centerline o 'the cylinder and piston in ques--i tion is coincitlent with the line passing tlufouglrtlie center rotation and the center oi" disk 3l. This operation is repeated by eacli cylinder so long es tlie pressure is ineinteineol. lllien the cylinlefs lisvA reucliefl the encl of their stroke they exhaust into tlie opposite port.

,The iluici circuit of this motor is shown in l., :E unil lleiinring to Fig. one

9G sicle of the distributing chest 2S ot tlie pump 2,3 is'connectefl to the pipe 2li/ 'Lvl is rnnnecterl et l) te the 'Emre Wliidi leads to one of the vulve ports 'A The other siiile oi tiistriliutingg chest is connected to the pipe 35 which leur.. lofi' W23.' ci.' the bore 3G t' to 'tlie other port -i'lien lie fluid is foi-oeil luy the ump through the pi .e 32 it enters tlie lower one oft tl e ports 2'? shown in l? (i. :incl is eliiustefl into the upper one und ,the crane is rotated in e clockwise direction. The reversal of direction of 'lie fluid in tlie syst.; c will reverse the functions of the ports und cause the crane to rotate in the other direction. The liquid returns to tlie by 'wey oi the bore 36 and the pipe 35. Leakage in the circuit is made up oy suction of iluici from the tank 6. This is eflected through the pipes 3'? und 38 which are iltterl with non-return valves 39 which prevent return of' liquid to the ti 1li il. 'it is obvious 'that liquid een only lie tm-.m in ou the sui-tion side tiie pump. therefore two pipes 37, 38. must ine provided which ure employed alternately with -tlie 'rersul oit' tlie @ova Except for cranes where the lift is small. it would not oe practic .ble to connect tlie ruin to tlie load by the usual .flexible connection passing over the pulley` ut the enel of the jib u'itliout theA interposition of some tornioii multiplying' gear. ln the exemple slioufn, zlie velocity rutio of the rum to tlie load is es one 's to tour. This ratio is oletuinefl by providing upon the rum u pair oi pulleys l1, 42, loose upon the spindle 'llxe cl'min -lvl or its equivalent is led ulong the jib 'to the pulley 415 under which it passes enel, is tlieix conducted over the pulley il l EL smak member win ha msaie c-.Tmut the smit by ''.he motivi). h@ ram i. and esum the liever 52 :to its .normal position shown. Tim Lavar 'will wat in this positiv/m because as soon i4.: reaches it the-stroke Qi' e pump 75 xviii. nave freduce @o mm assuming thai if, o eakage in the sysamr--mld 'thers'om no iqud will be aircrauatsd. and as ma e"nnnso1 @am take Plame owing; te b@ ql A i seing praimly nampmssible, rivm m: other moving puits: Gf 511@ ppmfatus will xmnefy y c@ to upon the rest. The stm@ $77 which is; cal-Filed Eimer @n of swinging baur 57 serves to vrs/k the 'oe crank members 55, Wxa'the 7mm 'eachfcs ls 'imge'i'mwst lmi,

smppng 1733 mm A5.' bem'e manigmxe if thfm should be Eem-age in "she sys- 'zqm simula@ 0f the pump will not 0rebe mdlzmefiv until the t@ compmsae im Gaim@ the zam l be ilse necessary if; mov: the hf. 91 52 t@ the (Fig. and t0v h@ righi; i@ cause it to descend., couts@ this camolng appzmus may be found use for various iomns @of apgjvzvmsus Wham ram is operate@ by a vs -viable stoka pump.

'it may in 50m@ cases mean@ im' conti-@Ning ha pumps inepend- 'una 2. n hymu :appamus wherein a con j di;

'imm-ping ma .m5 c@ 'erf l am, a imm.. il.. 5.981% 1115i;

EE LBY HE LE SHAW.

Images