US1135793A - Internal-combustion engine. - Google Patents

Description

0. HEATON. INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT- 3, 1914.

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0. HEATON. INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT- 3, 19M.

Patented Apr. 13

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INTERNAL-GOMBUSTION ENGINE.

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Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Apr. 13, 1915.

Application filed September 3, 1914. Serial No. 859,981.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that 1, Gus HEATON, a citizen of the United States of America, and a resident of lVhite Owl, in the county of Meade and State of South Dakota, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Internal-Combustion Engines, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to internal combustion engines, particularly designed for heavy fuel oils, and the main object thereof is to provide an explosion chamber in which the force of the fuel explosion in two directions is utilized in an effective manner to actuate an operative part of such engine, instead of but one direction as in engines as now constructed.

A further object is to produce such result by means of a collapsible and expansible explosion chamber which dispenses with the reciprocating piston now employed; and a further object is to provide such engines which are simple in construction, installation, and use; which are highly efficient; which may directly actuate a plurality of operating parts, such as shafts; and which are comparatively inexpensive and not likely to get out of order to require repair.

My invention is fully described in the following specification, of which the accompanying drawings form a part, in which the separate parts are designated by the same reference characters in each of the views, and in which Figure 1 is a side elevation of an engine constructed in accordance with my invention; Fig. 2 is a plan view thereof, partly in section; Fig. 3 is a detached view of a collapsible explosion chamber which I employ, and indicating an alternate position by dotted lines; Fig. 4c is a fragmentary, sectional, view of an automatic fuel feed control; Fig. 5 is a fragmentary, enlarged, side view of a detail of the construction shown in Figs. 3 and 6, taken on the line 5-5 of Fig. 6; Fig. 6 is a section taken on the line 6-6 of Fig. 5; and Fig. 7 is a detached, sectional, view of a detail shown in Fig. 1, for actuating the control shown in Fig. 4.

In the drawings forming a part of this application I have shown a present preferred form of an engine embodying my in vention, and comprising a base 8 having two parallel, vertical, side members 9 thereon and which, in turn, carry, each, a plate 10, which plates serve as the ends of the explosion chamber and are rigidly held against movement in any direction, and said frame also carries two shafts 11 and 12 having, each, in the form shown in Fig. 2, three cranks 11 11 11, and 12 12 and 12, respectively.

Connected with the cranks 11 and 11 are rods 13 also in pivotal connection with a cross-head 14: slidable in guides 15 on the side members 9, as clearly shown in Fig. 1, at an angle of approximately 45 degrees, and said cross-head has a rod 16 secured thereon and which is in pivotal connection, at its other end, with a kuckle-plate 17.

Connected with the crank 11 is a rod 18 in pivotal connection with a cross-head 19 slidable in guides 20 and provided with a rod 21 in pivotal connection with a knuckleplate 22; connected with the cranks 12 and 12 are rods 23 in pivotal connection with a cross-head 24L slidable in guides 25 and provided with a rod 26 in pivotal connection with a knuckle-plate 27; connected with the crank 12 is a rod 28 connected with a cross-head 29 slidable in guides 30 and provided with a rod 31 in pivotal connection with a knuckle-plate 32; it will be observed that the shaft 11, cross-heads 14 and 19, and knuckle-plates 17 and 22 are in a plane at an angle of approximately l5 degrees with respect to the base 8, whereas the shaft 12, cross-heads 24 and 29, and knuckle-plates 27 and 32 are in a plane at an angle of approximately 45 degrees with respect to the base, but in a direction reverse that of the plane of the shaft 11 and connected parts, and said shafts carry fly-wheels 11 and 12 respectively.

As clearly indicated by dotted lines in Fig. 1, and shown in full lines in Fig. 3, the knuckle-plates 17, 22, 27 and 32 are provided with two longitudinal grooves 33, each, arranged transversely of the engine, said plates having square, machined, ends hearing on the corresponding plate 10 and slidable therebetween; extending between the knuckle-plates 17 and 27 is a wall-plate 34E having cylindrical ends rotatable in the grooves 33 of the said knuckleplates, designated 35; extending between the knuckleplates 27 and 22 is a wall-plate 36 having cylindrical ends 37 rotatable in the corresponding grooves 33 of the said knuckleplates; extending between the knuckleplates 22 and 32 is a wallplate 38 having cylindrical ends 39 rotatable in the corresponding grooves 33 of the said knuckleplates; and extending between the knuckleplates 32 and 17 is a wall-plate 40 having cylindrical ends 41 rotatable in the corresponding grooves 33 of the said knuckleplates; by means of this arrangement, an equi-lateral chamber is formed having the sides thereof in hinged connection with adjacent sidesto permit elongation of said chamber in each of two directions, alternately, and the ends of which side walls impinge against and are slidable en the cylinder heads 10.

The cylindrical ends of the" wall-plates are provided with bars 42 radially movable in suitable guides and forced outwardly against the surfaces of the corresponding grooves 33 by means of springs 43, Fig. 5, to serve as packing, similar bars 44 being also provided, on the ends of the wall-plates, as packings at their junction with the cylinder heads 10, and I also provide a plurality of ribs, vanes, or the like, 45, to provide a considerable heat radiating area for maintaining the wall-plates and the interior of the explosion chamber formed thereby at a low temperature.

In Fig. 1 I have illustrated a fuel and air mixing chamber 46, having a fuel supply pipe 47 and an air inlet 48, said mixing chamber is in communication, as shown at 49, Fig. 4; with a chamber 50 adapted to be placed'in communication with a chamber 51 through a port 52 controlled by a puppetvalve 53 having a spring 54 for maintaining the same on its seat; I also provide a spark-plug 55, Fig. 4, or equivalent, in communicatien with the chamber 51 andwhich chamber communicates with the interior of the explosion chamber formed by the wallplates and heads 10 by means of a port 56; the supply of mixture to the said explosion chamber is by suction in the expanding of said chamber after the exhaust of the burnt gases.

In order to adjust the supply of mixture to the engine I provide, as shown in Fig. 4, a trip 57 connected with the stem 58 of the valve 53 and hinged to a support 59; as shown in Fig. 1, this trip is adapted to be engaged and forced away from the engine b means of a cam 60 carried by a rod 61,

" slidably carried in a lug 62, Fig. 2; this red has a plate 63 at the lower end thereof, adjacent to and concentric with the shaft 11, the trip 57 being of spring material; as shown in Fig. 7, the fiy-wheel 11 has a lever 64 pivoted to one of the spokes thereof, or to the web thereof, at 65, which lever carries a Weight 66 at one end and a roller 67 at the other end in the plane of the plate 63 but normally held at a slight distance therefrom; as the speed of the fly-wheel increases, it will be seen that the weight 66 moves outwardly from the shaft 11 by centrifugal action, thus causing its roller to bear on the plate 63 and move the same toward the shaft 11; this moves the cam 60 against the trip 57 and increases the tension on the valve 53, thus limiting the amount of mixture allowed to enter the explosion chamber in an automatic manner.

On the end of the explosion chamber opposite the inlet valve 53 is an exhaust valve 68 for the exhaust port 69, Fig. 2; the stem 70 of said valve is acted upon by a double leaf spring 71 to hold said valve on its seat; I provide a cam-plate 72, on one of the connecting-rods 23, adapted to strike the end of the said valve stem and force the said valve off its seat, against the spring 71, in the successive reciprocations of the said connectingrod, this being properly timed, as will be understood.

From the position of the parts shown in Figs. 3 and 4, if a charge of the mixture be admitted to the explosion chamber, and ignited, the knuckle-plates 27 and 32 are forced apart and into the positions indicated by dotted. lines, thereby actuating the crankshaft 12 by means of the rods 23 and 28; the former knuckle-plate exerts a pulling strain on the said shaft, and the latter a pushing strain, thus utilizing the force of the explosion in both directions; an extreme and an intermediate position is indicated in Fig. 3 by dotted lines and, as soon as the momentum acquired by the iiy-wheels has carried the parts beyond the intermediate position indicated, the wall-plates at once begin to approach each other; and this forces the exploded gases out of the exhaust port opened at this time for this purpose; this momentum again moves the parts to the intermediate position to expand the explosion chamber and thereby draw in a new charge; further movement of the parts serves to reduce the capacity of the said explosion chamber and thus compresses the new charge; the chamber 51 is made of a size to co'ciperate in such result and, when under compression, the new charge is ignited and the operation described is repeated.

When but one unit is employed, momentum of the operated parts is relied upon to draw in and compress a new charge, but I may, as is common with internal co1nbustion engines, use two or more units, whereby the new charge is sucked in and compressed in one unit by another unit, the number of such units not being of importance with respect to the principle of my invention, and only one unit being, there fore, illustrated, and I will, as is common, provide a water-jacket 73 for the explosion chamber.

While I have shown certain details of construction, it will be obvious that I do not limit myself thereto, but may make changes thereover, Within the scope of the following claims without departing from the spirit of my invention, or sacrificing its advantages.

Having fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. An engine, comprising a frame, two crank-shafts rotatable therein, a fluid expansion chamber comprising fixed heads carried by said frame, two knuckle-plates arranged in one plane and provided, each, with two parallel, semi-circular, grooves, two supplemental knuckle-plates arranged in a plane at right angles to said first named plane and similarly grooved, and a wall plate connect ing adjacent knuckle-plates and provided each with cylindrical end members resting in the respective grooves of said knuckleplates, means connecting each knuckle-plate with a corresponding crank-shaft, an inlet valve, and an exhaust valve, said wall plates serving to maintain said knuckle-plates in their respective planes at all times.

2. An engine, comprising a frame, two crank-shafts rotatable therein, a fluid expansion chamber comprising fixed heads carried by said frame, two oppositely disposed knuckle-plates provided, each, with two parallel, semi-circular, grooves, two supplemental, oppositely disposed, knuckle-plates similarly grooved and arranged in a plane at right angles to the plane of said first named knuckle-plates, and a wall plate connecting adjacent knuckle-plates and provided, each, with cylindrical end members resting in the respective grooves of said knuckle-plates, an inlet valve, and an outlet valve, and means for actuating said valves.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of the subscribing witnesses.

OTIS HEATON.

Witnesses:

A. V. ZUBER, HANNA RUPPUHN.

Uopies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. G.

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