US1135270A - Carbureter. - Google Patents

Description

I. F. URYEA. CARBUREVTER. APPLICATION FILED MMI. I2, i912.

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M Hesse@ CARBURETER.

APPucATloN FILED MAR. l2. 1912.

Patented A101113, 1915.

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CAHBURETER.

APPLICATION nl .sn ma. 12, 19|?.

Patented Am. 13, 1915.

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JAI/IES F..DURYJE, 0F SPRINGFIELD, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR 'lO STEVENS-DURYE COMPNY, .0F CHICOPEE FALLS, MASSACHUSETTS, A CORPORATION" 01E' MASSACHU- SETTS.

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' 'Specication of Lettersiietent.

. Patented Apr. 13, 1215.

.- .application filed March 12, 1912. Serial No. M3318.

To all wit-om t may concern l Be it known that l, JAMES F. Deum, a citizen of the United States, residing at Springfield,.in the county of .Hampden and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvementsin Carbureters, of which the Ifollowing vis a speciiication.

My invention relatesto improvements in carbureters, and has for its object to provide means for automatically varying the proportion of gasolene or other fluid to the air with which it is mixed.

Another object of my invention is to vary the said proportion. according to the variations in temperature of the air with which the iuid is. mixed.

Other objects will be set forth and made apparent in the following specification and claims.

Hitherto it has been found that trouble is experienced in the starting of automobiles, especially in cold weather, owing tothe variation in thecapacity ofthe air to absorb or mix with the gasolene. Furthermore, it has been necessary at practically all seasons to manually make adjustments in the carbureters of the present dayt according to the variations in the temperature of the atmosphere.

My invention is intended. Vto eliminate practically all necessity for such manual adjustments after the carburetor, has been once tuned up. f

l. effect this eliminationof manual adjustment by providing thermostatically operated means which will .automatically vary the proportion of gasolene to the air with which it is to be mixed, according to the temperature of the-air.

In the accompanying drawings-Figure 1 is a side elevation of my device. Fig. 2 is an end elevation. Fig. 3 is a longitudinal cross section. Fig. 4 is a longitudinal cross section taken along the line 4 4 of Fig. 5; F'g. 5 is a transverse section taken along the line 5 5 of Fig. 4. Fig. 6 is a detail of the Bourdon tube arrangement; andFig. 7 is a detail of the thermostat tube.

Like reference numerals refer to like -.elements throughout the drawings.

10 designates my carbureter,` having a Heat chamber 11 with the usual buoy or tion, to which is threadedly engaged the A supply I tube 16-extending upwardly in the spraytube 14k and terminating in the spraying nozzle 17. The aperture 1S in the boss furnishes communication between the float chamber'll and the tube 16. The needle valve 19-provided with a conical tapering .point 20 which is adaptedto coact with the spray nozzle 17 to regulate the flow oli' liq- `uid therethrough-is located upwardly of .the tube 16, the longitudinal axes of the valve 19 and said tube being approximately coincident, as shown in Fig. 3 of the drawings. This valve 19 is adapted to Abe moved longitudinally of its, axis to regulate the opening of thespray nozzle, the gasolene or `other fluid .being normally kept ,at the level of the top of the spray nozzle by .means of the float 12. This construction is old and is notclaimed as part of my invention.

T-he spray tube 14 extendsl downwardly and outwardly at 21,'as shown in Fig. 3. This vportion 21 of the air tube is threadedly or otherwise tightly secured at 22 to an elbow 23. A tube 24 extends upwardly of .said elbow and is threadedly or otherwise .tightly ysecured in its upper extremity to the depending tube portion 25, shownas integral with the carbureter. The carbureter is formed-.with a chamber or passage 26, with which the tube portion 25 communicates. This passage extends .upwardly and communicates at its upper portion with the .lower extremity of the air intake pipe 27,

-which is secured at its lower extremity to the carbureter. AThis air intake is curved and ,offset to extend underneath the intake manifold 28, as shown in Fig. 2 of the drawings, and is provided with an intake end portion 29 at its upper extremity. This intake end is recessed at 30 and 31 to partially surround the exhaust tubes 22, respectively, ad-

jacent their connection with the exhaust manifold 33, shown in Fig. 1 of the draw- 1n s.

' Tt will. be .apparent that the air' drawn through` this lintake pipe 27, after the engine has been running, will be heated by being drawn around the hot exhaust pipes.. This permits a more equable and efficient mixture than where unheated air is supplied.

The main body of the carbureter is provided with what I designate the mixing chamber 34, communicating at an upper portionv with the passage 35 leading to-and depending from the intake manifold 28. This passage, as well as the mixing chamber, is surrounded by a heating jacket 36, through which is circulated hot water from the engine jackets.` The valve 37 regulates the communication of the mixing chamber 34 with the passage 35. This valve is pivoted at 38 and is adapted to be regulated by the operator, who will varv the communication of the chamber 34 withuthe passage 35.

The passage26 is adapted to communicate with the mixing chamber 34 and the passageA 35 formed by the depending circular flange 39. Theplowcr face of this flange forms a seat for the valve 41. This valve is4 provided with an upwardly extending stem 42, slidably mounted in the depending bushing 43, and carries at its upper extremity the cup 44, preferably formed of aluminum or similar metal. This cup is adapted to slide in the chamber formed i by the cylindrical wall 46.

A threaded cap 47 engages the upper internal periphery of the cylindrical wall 46 and isl formed Ywith an upwardly extending nut member 48 adapted to be engaged by a wrench or other operating means. The engagement of the cup with the sides of the chamber 45 is such as to create a slight dashpot action to prevent excessive chattering or vibration of the valve 41'.

- Depending from the lower surface of this valve is a centrally located stud 49, circular .in form and having an outwardly projecting flange 50 at its lower portion. This stud is centrally apertured at 51. A boss 52, also centrally apertured and internally threaded at 53, is formed in the bottom 54 of the mixing chamber 34 below and in alinement with the stud and-valve stem, as shown n Fig. 3

of the drawings. A threaded cylindrical bushing member 55 is threaded into and engages the threaded portion 53 of the boss 52. -This bushing member is centrally apertured at 56, and at its lower extremity is provided with a flanged head 57 knurled, as shown at 58 in Fig. 1, and provided with' recesses 59, in which may be inserted a pin or Spanner wrench to rotate the bushing 55, and thereby move it longitudinally of its axis. l

Slidably mounted in theaperture 56 of the .bushing member 55 is the rod 60, formed at its upper portion with a collar or flange 61 contacting with the chamber of said bushing member, as shown in Fig. 3. Secured to the lower extremity of this rod by a cotter pin 69-is a collar 63, to limit the motion of the rod 60 in the bushing member.

A spring .64, of predetermined strength, is seated at one extremity in the aperture 51 of the boss 49 and at the other extremity on the collar 61 of the rod 60, which rod is formed upwardly of said collar with a stud 65 adapted to be located inside the coiled spring 64` and to prevent displacement thereof relative to the rod. The valve 41 is referred to as the automatic air valve, in that it is operated automatically, the action of the device being as follows:

The engine with which this carbureter is to be used being operated, suction will be caused inthepassage 35. Upon the open- -ing of the valve 37, known as the throttle valve, the suction will be proportionately applied to the mixing chamber 34 and also to the spray tube 14. Upon raising the needle valve, the rush 'of air around the spraying nozzle 17 will operate to withdraw a certain amount of fluid therefrom, according to the opening of the needle valve. This gasolene or other fluid is commingled with the infrushing air in the spray tube and is drawn into the mixing chamber 34. The spring 64 being of predetermined strength allows the automatic air valve to open an amount proportionate to the suction in the chamber 34. This will allow air to be drawn down through the pipe 27, passage 26, and into the chamber 34, to mix with the fluid and air already present, and will operate to dilute the richness of the mixture to the proportion giving the most efficient and economical operation of the engine. By pushing the rod 60 upwardly the tension of the spring 64 is increased and as a consequence the valve 4l is more reluctant to open and the mixture admitted to chamber 34 is not diluted, and therefore a richer mixture is supplied to the cylinders, making it easier to start the engine.

In the form of carbureter shown and de scribed above, a lever 66 is apertured at the extremity 67 and is pivotally secured by a pin 70 betweenrthe bifurcated flanges 68 of the collar 69, which is formed integral with the body of the needle Valve. Adjacent its other extremity this lever is bifurcated to form the arms 71, as shown in Fig. 5 of the drawings. The extremities 72 of these arms carry lugs or rollers 73 projecting inwardly thereof to engage the sides of the boss 49, depending from the lower portion of the valve 41, and are retained in operative engagement therewith by the flange 50, as shown in the lower portion of Figs. 3 and 5 of the drawings.

The lever 7,6 is provided with a centrally lll lll

ing in the lever, and the extremity 67 of the lever are shown as lying in ythe 4Same plane. The lever 06 furnishes the operative connection between the air valve and the needle valve, so that upon the suction obtaining in the'chamber 34E- due to the amount of opening of the valve 37-the air valve obviously will be opened avarying amount. This will cause the needle valve to open a distance proportionate to the movement of the air valve, as will be obvious, so that it lwill be seen that as the throttle valve is opened more and more to increase the speed of the engine, the automatic air valve 41 will admit more air and, through the movement transmitted to the needle valve, the gasolene will be permitted. t'o -commingle with the air rushing around the spray nozzle. This furnishes an automatic adjustment of carburetion in proportion to the speed of the engine and the opening of the throttle valve. The tension of the spring 64 may be varied by the rotation of the bushing member 55, which will be obvious.

'A locking washel' 81 threadedly engages V and embraces the bushing member 55 below the boss 52, as shown in Fig. 3. This Washer is provided with an outwardly extending portion apertured at 82. A pin 83 projects through this aperture and is threaded .at its upper extremity into a boss 84 depending from the bottom of the mixing chamber. A spring 85 is located around said pin, which co-actswith the boss 84 to depress the outwardly extending portion of the washer 81, and thus increases the friction of the threaded engagement of the washer with the bushing 55, thus preventing accidental displacement thereof. The pivot pin 79 projects outwardly from the eccentric portion of the rod 91, which rod is carried Aby a bushing member 92, the axis of said rod being par-P allel to the axis of the pin 79, the latter being located eccentrically to said rod, as shown in Fig. 5 of the drawings. This bushing is provided with a threaded portion 93 and a head 94, the threaded portion being adapted to threadedly engage the threaded aperture 95 in the side wall of the mixing chamber. The head 94 of the bushing abuts against and engages a plate 96.

Adjacent the outer extremity of the rod 91 is a semicircular groove or recess 97. A

crank arm 98, provided with a hub portion 99, is centrally apertured at to engage the rod 91, as shown in Figs. 4 and 5 of the drawings.` This crank arm is provided with a portion 101 extendingupwardly from the 65 hub portion, as shown in Fig. 4, and is horizontally slotted at 102. Projecting down through this slot in the threaded aperture 103 inthe portion 101 is the^threaded adj usting pin 104, projecting into the recess 97 on the rod 91 and contacting with the flattened portion 97 of said rod, as shown in Fig. 4. At the opposite side of the flattened portion! a pin 105 contacts, this pin being carried in an aperture 106 in the hub portion 99 ofthe crank arm 98 and held in contact with therod 81 byrmeans of a spring 107 located in the upper portion of the said aperture. The pin 104 is provided at its upper portion with a narrow head 108, by means of which it may be rotated to adjust the position of the crank arm 98 with respect to the rod 91, the spring-depressed pin coacting with the pin 105 to hold the crank arm in adjusting position with respect to the rod 91.

The crank arm 98 at its outer extremity 109 isaperturedto receive the pivot pin 110, which passes through bifurcated flanges 111 extending upwardly from the link 112. This link is provided at its lower portiony with bifurcated flanges 113, and is centrally apertured at 114. Located in this aperture, at each extremity thereof, are the pins 115, maintained in extended position by a coil spring 116, as shown in Fig. 4.

Located in the pipe 24 is a hollow tube 117, sealed by a plug 118 at its lower extremity. Threadedly engaging the upper` extremity of this hollow tube is the plug 119, which is provided with an aperture 120 100 therethrough. This aperture is threaded at the upper portion of the plug, and a threaded bolt 121 engages the upper portion of the aperture 120, as shown in Fig. 7. This aperture is restricted intermediate its extremities 105 by the annularprojecting portion 122 of the plugl119. The bolt 121 is provided with a projecting stud 123, which is larger by a very slight amount than the restricted opening of the plug, for a purpose to be hereinafter described. f

Intermediate the extremities of the tube 117 is an aperture 124-see Fig. 5. A collar 125 surrounds the tube 117 at this point. This collar is threaded at 126. Threadedly engaging this collar, at 126, is the tube 127, apertured at 128, the aperture communicating with the interior of the tube 117 through the opening v124. This tube 127 is externally threaded at 129 and is formed with a 129 shoulder 130 interiorly of the plate 96 and engaging therewith. A nut 131 engages the threaded portion 129 of the tube 127 and abuts against the outer face of the plate 96,l so that by the adjustment of the nut the collar may be drawn into close engagement with the plate.

An approximately rectangular tube 182, bent in circular form as shown in Fig. 6, of the type known as a Bourdon tube, 139

i has one end sealed at 132 and is rigidly secured in the end of the tube 127 engaging with the aperture 128 therein through the aperture 133. At the other end of the tube 132 is secured an arm 134, the tube being also sealed at this extremity at 132". A

' slight air escape vent, 135, is provided in the chamber 132 and the arm 134, as shown 1n Fig. 6l This vent is normally sealed by the threaded screw 136, as shown 1n Fig. 6. The arm 134 extends outwardly from the i tube 132 Vapproximately parallel to the plate 96 and terminates in the inwardly l.oiset portion 134" at its extremityu. T his part 134 is intended for use as an indicator in .connection with the graduations 137 on the tion of the link pin 112. This forms a link connection between the arm 134 andthe crank arm 98. The spring-extended pins 115 in the llink pin abut against the respective pivot pins 110 and 139, thus taking up any play or wear between them and the crank arm 98 and the arm 134.

It will be apparent from the above description that the movement of the arm 134 will operate to move the crank arm 98, and thus rotate the rod 91 a proportional amount. The operation of the Bourdon tube is so well known as not to need extended description here, but it is to be noted that when an expansible element is contained in said tube and is expanded, one end of said tube being fixed, the other will move away from said xed end, the action being an unceiling. It will thus be seen that an arm, such as 134, carried by the free end of such a tube will be moved as if pivoted at a.

point, 140, approximately coincident with the center of the coil formed bythe tube.

A cap 145 engages the periphery of the plate 96, and a dust-tight joint is provided at their engagement. A stud 146, secured to the plate 96, projects through the cap and is threadedly engaged at its outer extremity by the nut 147, which may be screwed down to hold the cap securely in place. This cap furnishes a protection for the arm 134, Bourdon tube, etc'.

The operation of my improved device is as follows. When the carbureter is first assembled, after the tube'117, yoke 125, tube 127, nut 131, tube 132, and arm 134 have been assembled, the screw 136 having been removed, the tube 117 is filled with an eX- pansible element, preferably mercury, the aperture 128 in the tube 127'and the Bourdon tubey 132 being simultaneously filled with the expansible element. `When the air therefrom has been' `allowed to escape through the vent 134, the screw 136 is placed in position to close the vent. When the tube 117 has been entirely filled, the plug 119 preferably having been previously fixed in place and so secured to the extremity of the tube as to furnish a fluid-tight joint, the bolt 121 is rotated into position `so that the stud 123 will engage with the projecting portion 122, the aperture therein being of slightly less diameter than that of the stud 123, as explained above. Upon further rotation of the bolt 121 a forced feed will be formedvbetween the stud 123 and the restricted portion 122 of the plug 119. Upon -still further rotation of the bolt this stud will act as a plunger upon the mercury or other expansible fluid operating by the pressure thereof to uncoil the Bourdon tube until the arm 124 shall be in the desired adjusted position. The tube 117 being located in the pipe 24, which is `part of the duct through which heated air is furnished to the spray tube 14, will be affected by the teml perature of the air thus furnished. Obviously, upon raising the temperature of the mercury or other expansible Huid above the point at which the device was adjusted, the mercury will expand, thus uncoiling to a proportionate amount the Bourdon tube 132 and causing a movement of the arm, as explained above. The movement of this arm will operate through the link 1,12 to move the crank arm 98, which, in turn, will operate lto rotate the rod 91 in counter clockwise direction, as viewed in Figs. 3 and 4 of the drawings. This will cause the pin 79, upon which the lever 66.is pivoted, to be shifted a certain amount about the ,axis of the rod 91.

Considering the device as shown in Fi 3 of the drawings, with the air valve close the extremity of the lever 66 in contact with said air valve will furnish a center of the amount of movement of the lever 66, due to the shifting of the position of the pin 7 9 that is to say, when said pin is shifted downwardly the action will be to shift the needle valve downwardly an amount proportionate to the ratio of the distance from the extremity 67 to the other extremity 66 of the lever, to the distance from the pin 79 to the extremity of the lever 66-in contact with the arm valve 41.

It will thus be apparent that the arm 134 having been adjusted for a certain temperature of air to be supplied to the carbureter, and referring to that temperature as the temperature of adjustment, that when the supply of air is at a temperature lower than that of adjustment,-the Bourdon tube being contracted-the extremity 134 of the arm 134 will be moved downwardly, thus causing clockwise rotation of the crank arm 98 and rod 91. This will operate to shift the pin 7 9 upwardly, which, considering the when the intake air is at a temperature greater than that of adjustment, the pin 79 will be moved downward and-the extremity 67 of the lever (36 will be moved downwardly proportionately a certain amount, thus cutting olf the portion of gasolene mixed with the air at the spray nozzle. These movements of the needle valve with respect to the spray nozzle having been considered as made withthe air valve 41 closed, it will be obvious that when the operation of the motor is such that the air valve is caused to open, the relative movement of the air valve and needle valve will not affect the proportion of gasolene to the air owing past the spray v nozzle, which will vary only for differentpositions of the pivot pin 79.

From the above itwill be seen that I provide a means of automatically varying the supply of gasolene, or other fluid miXed with the air, in accordance with the temperature variations of such air; and I do not wish to be understood as restricting my invention to the form of device shown beyond the scope of the appended claims.

I claim:

1. In a carbureter provided with a mixingchamber and an air supply pipe, a spray nozzle, a fuel valve coacting therewith to regulate the flow of liquid through said spray nozzle, a. valve controlling a supply of lair to said mixing chamber, means operatively connecting said air valve and said needle valve, whereby upon movement of said air valve proportional movement will be transmitted to said needle valve, and `tbermostatically actuated means adapted to vary the position of said means operatively `connecting said air valveand said needle Valve.

2. In a carbureter, an air valve and a fuel valve, a lever operatively secured to said air valve and to said needle valve, said lever being pivotally mounted, and means to automatically vary the position of the pivotal point of said lever, said means being responsive to the condition of air supplied to valve and to said needle valve, said lever being. pivotally mounted, and means actuated by the temperature of the air supplied to said carbureter to automatically vary the position of the pivotal point of said lever.

5. In a carbureter, an air valve and a needle valve, a lever connected at one eX- tremity to said air valve and at the other extremity to said needle valve, a supporting rod j ournalcd in said carbureter, a pivot pin eccentrically carried by said rod, said lever being pivotally mounted intermediate its extremities on said pivot pin, and means to rotate said rod'to vary the position of said pm.

6. In a carbureter, an air valve'and a needle valve, a lever operatively connected to said air valve and to said needle valve, a supporting rod journaled in said carbureter, a pivot pin eecentrically carried by sald rod, a crank arm carried by said rod,

said lever being pivotally mounted on said pin, and means to operate said crank arm, whereby said rod will be rotated to vary the position of said pivot nin. I

7. In a device of'the class described, an air valve and a fuel valve, a lever operatively secured to each of said valves, a pin, said lever being pivotally mounted on said pin, a rotatable rod eccentrically carrying said pin, crank arm carried by said rod, means to actuate said arm and rod, said arm being adjustable relative to said rod.

8. In a device of the class described, an air valve and fuel valve, a lever operatively secured to each of said valves, a pin, said l,ver being pivotally mounted on said pin, a rotatable rod eccentrically carrying said pin, a crank arm carried by said rod, means to actuate said arm and rod, said arm being adjustable relative to said rod, and means to adjust and maintain in adjustment said arm.

9. In a earbureter; an air valve, a fuel valve, operatively connected to said air valve and to said needle valve, a supporting rod journaled in said carbureter, a pivot pin eccentrically mounted at one end of said rod, said lever being pivoted on said pin, a crank arm mounted at the other end of said rod, and a thermostatically actuated member adapted to operate said crank arm to rotate said rod and thereby automatically vary the position of said pivot pin.

10. In a carbureter, an air valve and a fuel valve, a lever operatively connected to said air valve and to said needle valve, a supporting rod journaled in the frame of said carbureter, a pivot pin eccentrically carried at one end of said rod, said lever being pivotally mounted on said pin, a crank arm adjustably mounted on said rod, a thermostatically actuated arm, and a link member pivotally secured at one extremity to said arm and at the other extremity to said crank arm, whereby movement of said thermostatically actuated arm will operate to rotate said rod and vary the position of said pivot pin.

11. In a carbureter, an air valve and a fuel valve, a lever operatively connected to said air valve and to said needle valve, a

supporting rod journaled in the frame of said carbureter,l a pivot pin eccentrically carried atone end of said rod, said lever being pivotally mounted on said pin, a crank arm adjustably mounted on said rod, a thermostatically actuated arm, a link member pivotally secured at one extremity to said arm and at the other extremity to said crank arm, whereby movement ofsaid thermostatically actuated arm will operate to rotatey said rod and vary the position of said -pivot pin, and means carried by said link member to prevent play in pivotal connections at its extremities.

12. In a carbureter, the combination of a mixing chamber, an air inlet valve, a fuel inlet valve, a lever controlling both valves, said lever fulcrumed on an arm, which is mounted for arcuate movement, so as to change the position of the fulcrum of said lever, and means by which said lever is operated upon by one of said valves to cause the other valve to have a proportional opening and closing movement in unison therewith.

13. In a carbureter, a main hollow body forming a mixture chamber having an air inlet and a mixture` outlet, a fuel nozzle arranged to deliver fuel to the interior of said body, a valve for controlling said fuel nozzle, an air valve associated with the lair inlet, a lever forming a connection between said air valve and fuel valve, a fulcrum for said lever, and a rotatable eccentric mounting for said fulcrum.

soy

14. In a carbureter, a casing providing a mixing chamber having two openings in its walls, a valve for one opening, a nozzle in JAMES F. DURYEA.

Witnesses:

LILLIAN BEAUDREAU, JOSEPH R. GOULD.

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