US11336173B1 - Power converter device and driving method - Google Patents

Power converter device and driving method Download PDF

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US11336173B1
US11336173B1 US17/195,531 US202117195531A US11336173B1 US 11336173 B1 US11336173 B1 US 11336173B1 US 202117195531 A US202117195531 A US 202117195531A US 11336173 B1 US11336173 B1 US 11336173B1
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circuit
switching
voltage
resonance
output
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Tso-Jen Peng
Mao-Song Pan
Yi-Ching SU
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Chicony Power Technology Co Ltd
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Chicony Power Technology Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/42—Circuits or arrangements for compensating for or adjusting power factor in converters or inverters
    • H02M1/4208—Arrangements for improving power factor of AC input
    • H02M1/4225—Arrangements for improving power factor of AC input using a non-isolated boost converter
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/42—Circuits or arrangements for compensating for or adjusting power factor in converters or inverters
    • H02M1/4208—Arrangements for improving power factor of AC input
    • H02M1/4241—Arrangements for improving power factor of AC input using a resonant converter
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M5/00—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases
    • H02M5/40—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc
    • H02M5/42—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters
    • H02M5/44—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate dc into ac
    • H02M5/453—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate dc into ac using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M5/458—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate dc into ac using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0048—Circuits or arrangements for reducing losses
    • H02M1/0054—Transistor switching losses
    • H02M1/0058—Transistor switching losses by employing soft switching techniques, i.e. commutation of transistors when applied voltage is zero or when current flow is zero
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0067—Converter structures employing plural converter units, other than for parallel operation of the units on a single load
    • H02M1/007—Plural converter units in cascade
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/08—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/42—Circuits or arrangements for compensating for or adjusting power factor in converters or inverters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/42—Circuits or arrangements for compensating for or adjusting power factor in converters or inverters
    • H02M1/4208—Arrangements for improving power factor of AC input
    • H02M1/425—Arrangements for improving power factor of AC input using a single converter stage both for correction of AC input power factor and generation of a high frequency AC output voltage
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/01—Resonant DC/DC converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/02—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/04—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/12—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/21—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M7/217—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/53—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M7/537—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0083—Converters characterised by their input or output configuration
    • H02M1/0085—Partially controlled bridges
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/42—Circuits or arrangements for compensating for or adjusting power factor in converters or inverters
    • H02M1/4208—Arrangements for improving power factor of AC input
    • H02M1/4283—Arrangements for improving power factor of AC input by adding a controlled rectifier in parallel to a first rectifier feeding a smoothing capacitor
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P80/00—Climate change mitigation technologies for sector-wide applications
    • Y02P80/10—Efficient use of energy, e.g. using compressed air or pressurized fluid as energy carrier

Definitions

  • the embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a circuit technology, and particularly relates to a power converter device.
  • Power conversion devices are applied to many devices.
  • Power conversion device in the prior art has negative factors such as switching loss, iron loss, conduction loss, and negative current. Accordingly, improving the efficiency of power conversion devices is one of the important issues in the field.
  • the power factor correction circuit is electrically coupled to a primary side rectifier circuit.
  • the power factor correction circuit comprises a first switching circuit, a first control circuit and a first output circuit.
  • the resonance converter circuit is electrically coupled to the power factor correction circuit, and comprises a second switching circuit and a second control circuit.
  • the second switching circuit is electrically coupled to the first output circuit, and the second control circuit is electrically coupled to a secondary side rectifier circuit.
  • the zero voltage switching circuit is electrically coupled between the first output circuit and the second control circuit.
  • the zero voltage switching circuit is configured to obtain a switching voltage in the second switching circuit, and is configured to output an adjustment signal to the first control circuit according to the switching voltage.
  • Another aspect of the present disclosure is a driving method, comprising the following steps: driving a power factor correction circuit to output an output voltage to a resonance converter circuit; detecting, by a zero voltage switching circuit, a reference voltage and a switching voltage of the resonance converter circuit, wherein the resonance converter circuit at least comprises a switching switch, a switching capacitor and a resonance circuit, and the switching voltage corresponds to a terminal voltage of the switching switch; comparing, by the zero voltage switching circuit, the reference voltage and the switching voltage; outputting, by the zero voltage switching circuit, an adjustment signal to the power factor correction circuit, wherein the signal level of the adjustment signal is determined by a comparison result of the switch voltage and the reference voltage; and selectively increasing or maintaining, by the power factor correction circuit, the output voltage according to the adjustment signal.
  • the power factor correction circuit is electrically coupled to a primary side rectifier circuit.
  • the power factor correction circuit comprises a first switching circuit, a first control circuit and a first output circuit.
  • the resonance converter circuit is electrically coupled to the power factor correction circuit, and comprises a second switching circuit and a second control circuit.
  • the second switching circuit is electrically coupled to the first output circuit, and the second control circuit is electrically coupled to a secondary side rectifier circuit.
  • the zero voltage switching circuit is electrically coupled between the first output circuit and the second control circuit.
  • the zero voltage switching circuit is configured to detect a cross voltage between two terminals of a switching switch in the second switching circuit, and is configured to output an adjustment signal to the first control circuit according to the cross voltage.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a power converter device in some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a power factor correction circuit and a resonance converter circuit in some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 3 is a waveform diagram of the power converter device in some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 4 is a waveform diagram of the adjustment signal and the output voltage in some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a comparison circuit in some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 6 is a flowchart illustrating a driving method in some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a power converter device in some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • the power converter device 100 is configured to receive a AC voltage signal Vac, and is configured to convert the AC voltage signal Vac to generate a DC voltage signal Vout to a load.
  • the power converter device 100 includes a primary side rectifier circuit 110 , a power factor correction circuit 120 (Power Factor Correction Circuit), a resonance converter circuit 130 , a secondary side rectifier circuit 140 and a zero voltage switching circuit 150 .
  • a power factor correction circuit 120 Power Factor Correction Circuit
  • the primary side rectifier circuit 110 includes a primary rectifier unit 111 and a low frequency filter unit 112 .
  • the primary rectifier unit 111 receives the AC voltage signal Vac through a fuse element fz.
  • the power factor correction circuit 120 is electrically coupled to a primary side rectifier circuit 110 , and is configured to receive the AC voltage signal Vac.
  • the power factor correction circuit 120 adjusts the power factor of electric energy conversion through the internal switching circuit. In other words, the power factor correction circuit 120 is configured to reduce the phase difference between voltage and current to ensure power supply efficiency.
  • the power factor correction circuit 120 includes a first switching circuit 121 , a first control circuit 122 and a first output circuit 123 .
  • the first switching circuit 121 is configured to control the turned on or turned off of internal switching elements according to the frequency of a first control signal to adjust the output voltage.
  • the first control circuit 122 is electrically coupled to the first switching circuit 121 , and is configured to provide the first control signal to the first switching circuit 121 .
  • the first output circuit 123 is configured to receive an electric energy, which is generated by the first switching circuit 121 after converting the AC voltage Vac, so as to generate the output voltage Vb.
  • the internal circuit of the power factor correction circuit 120 will be detailed in the following paragraphs.
  • the resonance converter circuit 130 is electrically coupled to an output terminal of the power factor correction circuit 120 , and is configured to receive the output voltage Vb of the power factor correction circuit 120 .
  • the resonance converter circuit 130 further controls the output voltage Vb by controlling the frequency of internal switches, so as to generate a stable resonant switching voltage.
  • the resonance converter circuit 130 includes a second switching circuit 131 and a second control circuit 132 .
  • the second switching circuit 131 is electrically coupled to the first output circuit 123 .
  • the second control circuit 132 is electrically coupled to the second switching circuit 131 , and provides a second control signal to the second switching circuit 131 , so that the second switching circuit 131 may control internal switches according to the second control signal.
  • the secondary side rectifier circuit 140 is electrically coupled to the second control circuit 132 of the resonance converter circuit 130 , and is configured to receive a resonance conversion electric energy output by the resonance converter circuit 130 .
  • the secondary side rectifier circuit 140 provides the resonance conversion electric energy to the load.
  • the secondary side rectifier circuit 140 includes a secondary rectifier circuit 141 and an output filter circuit 142 .
  • the output filter circuit 142 is electrically coupled to the second control circuit 132 . Since those skilled in the art can understand the circuits and principles of rectification and filtering in power converters, the operation principles of the primary side rectifier circuit 110 and the secondary side rectifier circuit 140 are not further detailed herein.
  • the zero voltage switching circuit 150 is electrically coupled between the first control circuit 122 and the second control circuit 132 , and is configured to obtain a switching voltage of the second switching circuit 131 .
  • the above “the switching voltage” may be a cross voltage of one of the switching switches of the second switching circuit 131 (e.g., the voltage value between two terminals of one switching switch), or a voltage value of one terminal of the switching switch.
  • the zero voltage switching circuit 150 is configured to determine the present operation of the resonance converter circuit 130 according to the switching voltage.
  • the zero voltage switching circuit 150 outputs an adjustment signal Sa to the first control circuit 122 according to the switching voltage, so that the first control circuit 122 changes the first control signal according to the adjustment signal Sa.
  • the method for the zero voltage switching circuit 150 to obtain the switching voltage will be explained in the following paragraphs.
  • the adjustment signal Sa will be generated and the first control signal output by the first control circuit 122 will be changed.
  • the output voltage Vb of the power factor correction circuit 120 will be dynamically adjusted, and the resonance converter circuit 130 will not make the output voltage unstable due to the ripple of the output voltage Vb.
  • the output voltage Vb of the power factor correction circuit 120 is stable, the effect of the parasitic capacitor of the resonance converter circuit 130 will be reduced, so that the resonance converter circuit 130 will operate in a preset state, such as performing zero voltage switching.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a power factor correction circuit 120 and a resonance converter circuit 130 in some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • the first switching circuit 121 includes a first inductance L 1 , a first diode D 1 and a first switch element W 1 .
  • the first switch element W 1 is turned on or off according to the first control signal provide by the first control circuit 122 .
  • the first control signal includes a pulse width modulation signal. According to the change of the duty of the first control signal, the output voltage of the first switching circuit 121 will accordingly change.
  • the first output circuit 123 includes a output capacitor C 1 , and is configured to restore the voltage output by the first switching circuit 121 .
  • the first output circuit 123 provide the output voltage Vb to the resonance converter circuit 130 .
  • the second switching circuit 131 at least includes the first switching switch 131 a , a second switching switch 131 b and the corresponding two switching capacitors 131 c , 131 d .
  • the switching switch 131 a , 131 b is electrically coupled to the first output circuit 123 and the corresponding switching capacitors 131 c , 131 d .
  • the switching capacitor 131 c , 131 d are the parasitic capacitors of the switching switch 131 a , 131 b , respectively.
  • the resonance converter circuit 130 further includes a resonance circuit 133 and main transformer 160 .
  • the resonance circuit 133 is electrically coupled between the second switching circuit 131 and the main transformer 160 , and includes a resonance capacitor Cr, a resonance inductance Lr and an excitation inductance Lm.
  • the first terminal of the main transformer 160 is electrically coupled to the resonance converter circuit 130 .
  • the second terminal of the main transformer 160 is electrically coupled to the secondary side rectifier circuit 140 .
  • the resonance capacitor Cr and the resonance inductance Lr form a resonant cavity.
  • the input voltage of the resonance converter circuit 130 i.e., the output voltage Vb of the power factor correction circuit 120
  • the output current Io is formed on the secondary side of the main transformer 160 .
  • the resonance capacitor Lr generates a resonance current Ir
  • the excitation inductance Lm generates an excitation current Im.
  • the resonance current Ir is equal to the excitation current Im, and the resonant cavity discharges in reverse.
  • the output current Io of the secondary side of the main transformer 160 becomes zero.
  • the switching switch 131 a , 131 b changes from turn off to turn on, if the cross voltage of the switching switch 131 a , 131 b is zero, it is “zero voltage switching”, which prevents excessive energy loss.
  • the resonance converter circuit 130 operates with two resonance points (frequencies), the first resonance point is determined by “the resonance inductance Lr and the resonance capacitor Cr”. The second resonance point is determined by “the excitation inductance Lm, the resonant capacitor Cr and the load conditions”.
  • the resonance converter circuit 130 When the frequency of the resonance converter circuit 130 is greater than the first resonance point, the resonance converter circuit 130 is in the first operating state, and is configured to perform “zero voltage switching.” When the frequency of the resonance converter circuit 130 is between the first resonance point and the second resonance frequency, the resonance converter circuit 130 is in the second operating state, and is configured to perform “zero current switching.” If the input voltage of the resonance converter circuit 130 (i.e., the output voltage Vb of the power factor correction circuit 120 ) is unstable due to ripples, the cross voltage of the switching switch 131 a , 131 b and the capacitance of the switching capacitor 131 c , 131 d change accordingly, resulting in incomplete discharge, and the resonance converter circuit 130 cannot be ideally controlled in the first operating state to perform zero voltage switching.
  • the input voltage of the resonance converter circuit 130 i.e., the output voltage Vb of the power factor correction circuit 120
  • the resonance current Ir in the resonance circuit 133 will be controlled to be greater than the excitation current Im.
  • the extra current in the resonance current Ir i.e., Ir minus Im
  • the parasitic capacitor of the resonance circuit 133 e.g., the switching capacitors 131 c , 131 d
  • the present disclosure detects the switching voltage of the resonance converter circuit 130 (e.g., the cross voltage of the switching switches 131 a , 131 b ) to determine whether the output voltage of the power factor correction circuit 120 needs to be adjusted Vb.
  • the switching voltage can be the voltage value at one terminal of the first switching switch 131 a or the second switching switch 131 b (i.e., the node N 1 shown in FIG. 2 ). If the switching voltage is greater than a reference value (e.g., reference voltage), it means that the parasitic capacitor has not been discharged.
  • the zero voltage switching circuit 150 outputs the adjustment signal Sa to the first control circuit 122 , so that the first control circuit 122 changes the first control signal (e.g., changes the duty cycle) according to the adjustment signal. Accordingly, the output voltage Vb of the power factor correction circuit 120 will be increased, and the resonance current Ir will also be increased to assist the parasitic capacitor discharge.
  • FIG. 3 is a waveform diagram of the power converter device in some embodiments of the present disclosure, wherein the cross voltage Vds is the voltage value between two terminals of the second switching switch 131 b (or the voltage value of the node N 1 ), and the gate voltage Vg is the voltage used to control the gate terminal of the second switching switch 131 b .
  • FIG. 4 is a waveform diagram of the adjustment signal Sa and the output voltage Vb in some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 3 is an enlarged waveform diagram of the resonance current Ir, the excitation current Im, the cross-voltage Vds and the gate voltage Vg during the change time of the output voltage Vb, and includes a signal waveforms of the resonance converter circuit 130 under different driving methods.
  • the zero voltage switching circuit 150 dynamically adjusts the output voltage Vb through the adjustment signal Sa.
  • the resonance circuit 133 supplies power to the primary side of the main transformer 160 .
  • the excitation current Im rises to be equal to the resonance current Ir.
  • the first switching switch 131 a is turned off, and the second switching switch 131 b has not been turned on.
  • the output voltage Vb may be reduced due to the effect of ripples, resulting in the parasitic capacitor of the first switching switch 131 a (e.g., the switch 131 c ) cannot be completely discharged in a short time.
  • the output current becomes zero at the time t 3 , if the resonance converter circuit 130 turns on the second switching switch 131 b , the second switching switch 131 b will not be able to achieve zero voltage switching (cross voltage Vds is not zero).
  • the resonance circuit 133 similarly supplies power to the primary side of the main transformer 160 .
  • the zero voltage switching circuit 150 continuously detects the switching voltage (i.e., the voltage value of the node N 1 , or the cross voltage Vds).
  • the cross voltage Vds when the cross voltage Vds is greater than the reference value, it means that the parasitic capacitor (switch 131 c ) of the first switching switch 131 a has not been discharged yet.
  • the zero voltage switching circuit 150 will generate the adjustment signal Sa (or change the signal level of the adjustment signal Sa) to the first control circuit 122 , so that the power factor correction circuit 120 increases the output voltage Vb. Accordingly, the resonance current Ir will be increased, and is configured to increase the discharge speed of the switching capacitor 131 c .
  • the cross voltage Vds is zero (i.e., zero voltage switching).
  • the adjustment signal Sa generated by the zero voltage switching circuit 150 can ensure that the resonance current Ir is greater than the excitation current Im before the second switching switch 131 b is turned on, and the resonance current Ir is configured to increase the discharge speed of the switching capacitor 131 d to perform zero voltage switching.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the zero voltage switching circuit 150 in some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • the two input terminals of the comparison circuit 151 are respectively configured to receive the switching voltage (e.g., the voltage of the first node N 1 ) and the reference voltage (e.g., the voltage of the second node N 2 , or a reference potential).
  • the comparison circuit 151 is configured to compare the voltage difference between the nodes N 1 and N 2 . According to the comparison result, the comparison circuit 151 outputs the adjustment signal Sa to the first control circuit 122 .
  • the power factor correction circuit 120 selectively adjusts the output voltage Vb output to the resonance converter circuit 130 according to the signal level of the adjustment signal Sa.
  • the adjustment signal Sa output by the comparison circuit 151 when the switching voltage (the voltage of the first node N 1 ) is greater than the reference voltage (the voltage of the second node N 2 ), the adjustment signal Sa output by the comparison circuit 151 is at a high level, and the power factor correction circuit 120 will increase the output voltage Vb accordingly (e.g., increase the duty cycle of the first control signal). If the switching voltage (the voltage of the first node N 1 ) is equal to or less than the reference voltage (the voltage of the second node N 2 ), the adjustment signal Sa output by the comparison circuit 151 is at a low level, and the power factor correction circuit 120 will maintain the original output voltage Vb.
  • the zero voltage switching circuit 150 is configured to detect the switching voltage, and output the adjustment signal Sa to the first control circuit 122 according to the switching voltage.
  • the resonance current Ir is greater than the excitation current Im to ensure that the second switching switch 131 b can achieve zero voltage switching.
  • FIG. 6 is a flowchart illustrating a driving method in some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • the power factor correction circuit 120 receives the voltage provided by the primary side rectifier circuit 110 , and controls the first switch element W 1 according to the first control signal, so as to generate the output voltage Vb.
  • step S 602 as shown in FIG. 3 at time t 1 -t 2 , the resonance converter circuit 130 receives the output voltage Vb, and turns on the first switching switch 131 a .
  • the resonance inductance generates the resonance current Ir
  • the excitation inductance generates the excitation current Im.
  • the resonance current Ir rises as a sine wave, and the excitation current Im rises linearly.
  • the resonance circuit 133 supplies power to the main transformer 160 .
  • step S 603 the zero voltage switching circuit 150 detects the switching voltage and the reference voltage in the resonance converter circuit 130 .
  • the switching voltage corresponds to any one terminal of the switching switches 131 a , 131 b . For example, detecting the voltage of the first node N 1 or the second node N 2 .
  • step S 604 determining whether the switching voltage (or cross voltage) is greater than the reference value (e.g., reference voltage).
  • the reference value e.g., reference voltage
  • the zero voltage switching circuit 150 outputs the adjustment signal Sa with a low level, so that the power factor correction circuit 120 maintains the output voltage Vb according to the adjustment signal Sa.
  • the signal level of the adjustment signal Sa is determined by the comparison result of the comparison circuit 151 .
  • step S 606 when the switching voltage is greater than the reference voltage, it means that the switching capacitor 131 c discharges incompletely.
  • the zero voltage switching circuit 150 outputs the adjustment signal Sa with a high level, so that the power factor correction circuit 120 increases the output voltage Vb according to the adjustment signal Sa.
  • step S 607 when the output current Io becomes zero (time t 3 ), the first switching switch 131 a is turned off, and the second switching switch 131 b is turned on. At this time, since the switching capacitor 131 c of the first switching switch 131 a has been fully discharged, zero voltage switching can be achieved.
  • the present disclosure can periodically or repeatedly detect the switching voltage of the resonance converter circuit 130 , and adjust the output voltage Vb accordingly. In other words, the power converter device 100 can repeatedly perform steps S 601 -S 607 to dynamically and continuously monitor to adjust the output voltage Vb.
  • the present disclosure detects the voltage state of the resonance converter circuit 130 , and determines whether the output voltage Vb provided by the power factor correction circuit 120 has an error due to unstable (e.g., ripple). At the same time, the power factor correction circuit 120 is adjusted in real time to ensure that the resonance converter circuit 130 operates in the first operating state, and the resonance current can assist the capacitor to discharge completely to achieve zero voltage switching.
  • unstable e.g., ripple
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