US1132953A

US1132953A - Plumbing-fixture.

Info

Publication number: US1132953A
Application number: US72367812A
Authority: US
Inventors: Ira A Mann
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1912-10-03
Filing date: 1912-10-03
Publication date: 1915-03-23
Anticipated expiration: 1932-03-23

Description

I. A. MANN.

PLUMBING FIXTURE.

APPLICATION FILED oms, 191g.

Patented Mar. 23, 1915.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

pg @NVENTOR.

WITNESSES.

/ ATTORNEY.

I. A. MANN.

PLUMBING FIXTURE.

APPLICATION FILED 001 .3, 1912.

Patented Mar. 23, 1915.

2 SHEETS-SHEBT 2'.

UV INVENTOR. BY M d w W ATTORNEY.

IRA A. MANN, OF PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA.

PLUMBING-FIXTURE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Mar. 23, 1915.

Application filed October 3, 1912. Serial No. 723,678.

To all whom it may concern:

' Be it known that I, IRA A. MANN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Pittsburgh, in the county of Allegheny and State of. Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Plumbing-Fixtures, of which the following is a specification.

The invention relates to the construction of plumbing fixtures, and more particularly to closet constructions, although certain of the features of improvement are applicable to other sanitary fixtures involving the use of a bowl and a water seal. The construction is particularly desirable in closets having integral traps and flushing rim bowls. The primary objects of the invention are; the provision of a plumbing fixture in which the danger of clogging at a point diflicult of access is eliminated; the provision of an improved structure in which the flushing maybe accomplished under a relatively low pressure and with pressureswhich fluctuate widely; the provision of a construction in which the quantity of water required for flushing is reduced to a minimum; and the provision of a construction in' which the depth of the water seal may be made greater than that now commonly employed, without interfering with the flushing operation even at relatively low pressures. Certain embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein Figure 1 is a vertical section through the center of my improved apparatus; Figs; 2 and 3 are detail plan views of two of the fixtures used in connecting the bowl to the outlet pipes; Fig. 4 is a plan view of the member employed for connectin the upper portion'of the bowl shelf to t e piping at. the rear of the partition; Fig. 5 is an elevation of the end of one of the bracket arms em-. ployed in the structure of Fig. 4; Fig. 6 is a section on the line VI-VI of Fig. 1, looking in the direction of the arrow; Figs. 7 and 8 are'sections similar to that of Fig. 6, but illustrating modified arrangements of the jet openin s; Fig. 9 is a partial vertical section throng a modified type of construcflttion; Figs. 10 and 11 are vertical sections through other modified forms of construc- Wion, and Fi 12 is a fragmentary section of the yvall' of t e outlet passage, and illustrates f'rlification of the structure illustrated in Referring first to the general arrange-- is the discharge pipe; 11 is either a vent pipe-or a capped member used only as a supporting member for the top shelf of the bowl as hereinafter described; 12 is a T con nection into which the passage 3 discharges and which connects the

pipes

10 and 11; 13 is a collar in two parts which encircles the pipe 11 and is connected to the shelf 14 as hereinafter described; and 15, 16, and 17 are connecting elements for securing the bowl to the T connection 12, such connection being later more particularly described. The

invention is illustrated as applied to a closet with a partition between its members, butit will be understood that the invention is applicable not only to other types of closets, but also to other types of sanitary fixtures employing a bowl and a water seal.

The

inlet end of the passage 9 leading to the rim cavity lies below the level of the water seal, thus preventing the access of, sewer gases to the rim cavity.

One of the important features of my in-' vention is the making of the inlet end of the passage 3, or in other words, the end whichconnects with the bowl cavit'y 2 as indicated at the point 18, of less diameter than the succeeding portions of the'passage.. For instance, in the case of a bowl in which the main portion of the passage 3 is made of the standard diameter of three i'nches, the contracted inlet end may in practice be made as small as two inches. 1 have found that this arrangement secures two important results. In the first place a more effective flow through the passage is secured, with a lower pressure of the flushing. water, and in the second place any stoppage or clogging which may occur in the passage is made to occur at thecontracted inlet end .18 instead of occurring farther along in the passage, it' being obvious that any obstruction whichwill pass the portion 18 will pass through the larger portion of the passage farther along,

without difficulty. The portion 18 of the passage is of course readily accessible for cleaning, Without special tools, so'that the closet may be readily relieved from any obstruction, which is not the case in the ordinary type of closet in which the obstruction always occurs at some point so remote from the inlet end of the closet that great difliculty is usually experienced in freeing the closet from its obstruction, the services of a plumber usually being required for this purpose, and requiring the removal of the closet from its seat in many cases. The length and position of, the contracted portion of the passage may be somewhat varied, the only requirement being that it be located closely adjacent the outlet from the bowl cavity and readily accessible from the interior of the bowl.

Another feature of invention resides in the arrangement of the flushing jet with respect to the outlet passage 3. As indicated in Fig. 1, the contracted portion 18-of the passage is surrounded by a cavity 19 communicating with the cavity 7, and this cavity 19 is provided with a plurality of jet .or

spray discharge openings 20arranged at the periphery of the passage and adapted to .project a supply of flushing water in the form of an annular jet along and in contact. with the walls of the enlarged portion of the passage. As hereinafter described, this flushing arrangement is preferably employed in connection with additional flushing means for entraining the central portion of the body of watenin the passage and. carrying it to the soil pipe. The primary object of the jets or sprays of water issuing from the peripheral openings 20 is not so much to entrain the body of Water in the passage as it is to eliminate the friction between such body of water and the interiorsurface of the passageway, it being true, however, that there is a certain amountof entraining action, and that these ijets or sprays from the openings 20 might be employed with advantage even though not placed at the exact periphery of the passage and if-not directed exactly parallel with the walls of the passage. In order to entrain,

and force along the central portion ofthe body of water in the passage 3, the converging passageways 21 are provided leading from the avity 19, the convergence of such passageways being indicated by "the dotted lines 22; Thieje'ts of water from these passages or openings 21 serve to entrain and propel the main body of Water through the passage 3, while the water propelled through the openings 20 serves to reduce the friction incident to the passage of the bodyof water through the passage. This arrangement has-been found to permit of the use of. a relatively very low pressure of flushing water, the bowl being efiectively flushed when such low pressure is used, and the noise incident to the operationof the apparatus being correspondingly reduced. lit will be noted that the contraction of the inlet end of the passage 3 serves to permit a convenient and effective arrangement of the

flushing openings

20 and 21, as the thickness of wall incident to the contraction of the passage is utilized to carry the supply cavity 19 and the

openings

20 and 21.

The vertical weight of the bowl is carried by the connecting nipple 15 which is screw threaded into the T member 12 at its outer end, and is fitted into the vitreous material at its other end, the soft packing 23 serving to secure a tight joint between the material of the bowl and the nipple 15. A packing 15 is provided around the outer end of the nipple. In order to tighten the metallic packingv23 the collar 17 shown in Fig. 3 is employed, such collar bearing against the packing 23 and being pulled tightly into position to compress such packmg by means of bolts 24: which extend through the wings 25 of the collar and through the shelf of the bowl, permitting of the tightening of the packing 23 without re moving the bowl from the supporting partition. The bowl is held against bearing too hard against the supporting. partition, by means of the other collar 16 shown in Fig. 2, such collar being screwed onto the nipple 15 and having the projecting lugs 26 which engage the rear face of the bowl. The thrust of the bowl is therefore taken by the piping at the rear of the partition instead of by the partition which may be relatively light and frail.

The connection whereby the strain of supporting the shelf ,14: from the piping 11 is taken, is illustrated in. plan view in Fig. 4. From this View it will be seen that the bracket 27 carrying the inner half of the collar 13 is provided with a pair of slotted arms 28 (Fig. 5), which slotted arms rea ceive the threaded members 29 which are flattened on the sides as indicated at 30, to prevent the rotation of the members in the slotscarried by the arms 28. The members 30lare held locked in position by means of

thejnuts

31 and 32 on opposite sides of the arms 28. By this arrangement the position of the front ends 33 of the members 29 may be readily adjusted and locked in position.

The shelf is secured to the ends 33 of the members 29 by means of the pair of bolts 34. lit will be seen that with the heads'3 3 properly positioned flush with the outer face of the partition 4: the partition cannot be injured no matter how tightly the bolts 34 are screwed into position, the heads 33 taking the thrust of the shelf 14:.

Fig. 7 indicates a modification of tiio'fiet open ngarran v ement $hQWI1lH= igQQ 1 and 6, such"modi cation consisting in making t messes the inner set of. openings-21 circular in cross section, instead of rectangular as in'th case of the openings 21 in the constnuction of Figs. 1- and 6. The outer or peripheral openings 20 are made as in the construction of Figs. 1 and. 6.

Fig. 8 illustrates another modification of the jet opening construction, such modification consisting in using the central circular openings 21 the same as in the construction of Fig. 7 but in providing a continuous slot 20 to take the place of the series of openings 20 in the constructions of Figs. 1, 6, and 7.

Fig. 9 also illustrates a construction'constituting a modification of the structure of Fig. 1 in so far as the flushing means is concerned. This structure instead of employ arrangement for supplying flushing water to the ring cavity 19 and to the rimcavity 8. In this construction water is 'suppliedto a cavity 37 and thence via a passageway 38 at the side of the bowl to the cavity 19 from which a flushing of the passage 3 is secured by means of

openings

20 and 21 as in the construction of Fig. l. \Vater is conducted from the ring cavity 19 to the rim cavity 8 by means of a passageway on the slde of the bowl opposite to the passageway 38, such passageway being indicated by the dot and dash lines-39. It will be noted that this construction illustrates the application of the invention to a fixture with an integral pedestal. restingon the floor, the outlet of the bowl leading to a floor connection instead of to a wall connection, without a partition between.

. sage 3 is secured by means of a central jet opening 41 for engaging the central portion of thebody of liquid in the passage 3 and (by the-series of inclined passages 42 for decreasing the friction of the body of water at the sides of -the passage, the openings 42 being preferably arranged in the staggered form illustrated. v v

Fig. 12 illustrates a modified form of the construction illustrated in Fig. 11, the wall discharge passage.

43 of the passage being in this case provided with a series of openings 44 for the flushing water, such openings being so arranged as to direct the flushing water substantially parallel with the surface of the wall. Various other modifications might be made without departing from the spirit of the invention which is directed broadly to the contraction of the inlet end of the outlet passage, and to the provision of the means at or adjacent the periphery of the outlet passageway for securing a supply of the flushing liquid along the walls of the passage way, and thus reducing the friction incident to the passage of the body of liquid through the pas sageway.

The general method of operation of all the types of apparatus as heretofore described is substantially the same, the contents of the bowl being withdrawn by reason of the drag imposed through. the jets forced along the upwardly inclined passageway 3,rather than by siphonicaction as in'the case of the ordinary type of closet. In the operation of the construction as illustrated in Fig. 1, the

flushing water supplied vthrough the pipe 6 first passes through the

openings

20 and 21, thus securing a substantially instantaneous and vigorous movement upward of the body of the water in the passage 3, which movement as hereto fore explained, is facilitated by the removal of friction at the surface ofthe passage, which permits the main driving or entraining force from the openings 21 to carry the body of water upward through the passage. This movement of the water through the passage 3- of course produces a vigorous suction action at the reduced end 18 of the passage, thus securing an effective cleansing'iof the bowl. Substantially simultaneous with this action a portion of the Water is directed to the flushing rim which extends around the upper' portion of the bowl, the downflowing water from this rim.

giving the interior of the bowl a. thorough scouring as the main body of waterin the bowl flows out through the outlet passage.

Havingvthus described my invention and illustrated its use, What I'claim as new and desireto secure by Letters Patent, is the following.

1. In combination in aplumbing fixture,

a bowl, an inclined discharge passage, inlet jet means opening into the discharge passage and encircling such passage and directed in substantial parallelism with the walls of the discharge passage at the periphery thereof, and other jet means opening into the discharge passage and directed obliquely with respect to the walls of the 2. In combination in a plumbing fixture,

a bowl, an inclined discharge passage, an

rected in substantial parallelism with the walls of the discharge passage at the periphery thereof, and other jet means for supplying water longitudinally of the discharge passage but inside of the first mentioned jet means and spaced away from the periphery of the passage.

3. In combination in a plumbing fixture, a bowl, ardischarge passage having areducecl inlet portion leading downward from the bowl and then inclined upwardly and a main portion of larger diameter than the inlet portion and inclined upwardly, the said portions merging into each other, an annular supply passage in the wall of the reduced inlet portion of the passage and extending around said portion, and jet inlet means leading through the wall of the discharge passage at the point where the two portions of the passage merge, the jet inlet means extending around the discharge passage and being directed in substantial parallelism with the walls of the said main portion of the discharge passage.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto signed my name in the presence of the two subscribed witnesses.

IRA A. NN.

Witnesses:

LETITIA A. MYERS, ARCHWORTH MARTIN.