US1124843A - Animal shears or clipper. - Google Patents

Description

J. BODENE. ANIMAL SHBARS QR CLIPPER. 7 APPLICATION FILED DEO.16, I913- I I v 7a 8 l Patented J an. 12, 1915. 2 c f /4 I UNITED s ATEs PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN IBODENIE, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO CHICAGO FLEXIBLE SHAFT COMPANY, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION OF ILLINOIS.

ANIMAL SHEARS OR' CLIPPER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

. Patented Jan. 12, 1915.

Application filed December 1913. 7 Serial N 0. 806,964.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JoHN BODENE, a cit zen of the United States, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Animal Shears or Clippers, of which the following is a specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part thereof.

This invention relates to animal shears, and consists of certain specific improvements in a well known type of shear commonly designated as a horse clipper. These improvements comprise the features of construction described and shown in the drawings as indicated by the claims.

In the drawings: Figure 1 illustrates a clipper embodying this invention, being principally taken as a section axial with respect to the driving shaft. Fig. 2 is a bottom plan view of the clipper head with the knife and comb remove Fig. 3 is a section taken as indicated at line 33 on Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is .a detail plan view of the knife with a portion of the comb positioned in its normal relation thereto. Fig. 5 is an enlarged detail section taken at the plane indicated by line 55 on Fig. 1. Fig. 6 is a detail section taken as indicated at line 66 on Fig. 5. Fig. 7 is a detail section taken as indicated at line 77 on Fig. 2. Fig. 8 is a detail section of a modified form of certain parts shown in Fig. 5.

The type of clipper with which this invention is concerned consists essentially of a comb member, 1, mounted on a frame, 2, and stopped against movement in its plane thereon, together with a knlfe member, 3, mounted for vibration over the comb and connected with suitable driving means for actuating it. Customarily, the knife or cutter, 3, is guided in its vibration upon projecting guides, 2, formed on the frame and engaging a groove, 3 in the knife. Fig. 3 illustrates the cutter, 3, at the mid position of its stroke with respect to the guides, 2, in which said guides are just covered by the cutters; during operation, however, the outer end or corner of either guide is uncovered by the movement of the cutter, 3, and any minute articles of metal which may be broken 9 from either element b abrasion are thus ejected from the too .But, at the inner corners of the gu des, 2,

accelerate the wear on these corners, with the result that the movement of the cutter, 3, is no longer strictly rectilinear, the knife being slightly deflected from its: normal path toward either end of the stroke. To avoid this uneven Wear of the guides, 2, the knife, 3, of the present construction is apertured at, 3*, to permit the ejection of abraded particles as fast' as they accumulate and thus prevent them from increasing the abrasion at the inner corners of the guides. 1

For clipping horses and like uses, the comb has comparatively fine teeth, and as shown the vibrating cutter, 3, has its teeth spaced twice as widely as those of the comb so that consecutive teeth of the cutter will coincide at a given position with alternate teeth of the comb, as indicated in F ig. 4. And, to prevent snagging the cutter or pulling hairs, such coincidence of the comb and teeth should normally take place at either limit of the stroke of the cutter, so that the extreme points of the cutter teeth, 3, will lie within the area of the respective teeth, 1, of the comb; if this is not the case the sharp angles formed between the ends of the cutter teeth and the edges of the comb teeth will tend to catch the hairs and pull them as the tool is moved forward bodily in its operation.

To preserve as accurately as possible the normal limits of the working stroke of the I cutter it is driven through a cross head, 4.'

mounted for rectilinear movement upon two sets of guides, comprising the rod, 5, .and the rods, 6, 6. The driving shaft, 7, is provided as usual with a crank arm, 7*, carrying an anti-friction roller, 8, which fits in a vertical groove, 4, of the cross head, 4, and thus causes the latter to reciprocate as the shaft, 7, revolves. With this construction any unequal wear of the two guides, 2 will nected with the cross head, 4, by means of driving lugs or pins," 4", located in the plane of the guides, 6, 6, and projecting into the apertures, 3 in the cutter. While any wear of these driving pins, 4 would result in a slight reduction of the length .of working stroke of the cutter, it is evident that such wear will be extemely gradual and in itself would be a negligible factor. And since the points of the cutter teeth, 3, are covered at either limit of the stroke by the comb teeth, 1, at some distance back from the points of the latter, and since the points of the teeth, 1 are slightly blunted, there must be a very considerable displacement of the limits of stroke before there can be formed any Wedgeshaped openings between the sloping edges of the comb teeth and cutter teeth in which hairs might be caught and pulled. But, While neither the wear on the lugs, 43, nor the Wear of the cross head groove, 42, nor yet the wear of the guide shoulders, 2 is in itself sufiicient to cause a serious change in the working stroke of the knife, 3, the aggregate efi'ect of the wear at all three places would eventually become noticeable as affecting the registration of comb and cutter teeth. It is, therefore, desirable to off-set the lateral shifting of the cutter upon the comb which may result from unequal Wear of the guides, 2 and resulting deviation of the cutter, 3, from its original line of movement by making the comb laterally adjustable.

The comb is held to the cutter with yielding pressure by means of the bolt, 9, carrying the compression spring, 10, and adjusting nut, 9 this pressure being completely balanced by the action of the guides, 2 and at the heel-bearing of the comb, 1. This heel-bearing must be the equivalent of a single point bearing in order to permit proper adjustment of the comb to the surface of thecutter, and in the present construction is formed by a concave fitting, 11, carried by the comb and seated upon a convex boss, 12,'formed on the frame. This construction is the equivalent of a single point bearing located at the center of the surface "of the boss, 12, said surface being spherical and the concave surface of the fitting, 11, being conformed to said spherical surface of the boss, 12. These parts are so located that the center of the spherical boss, 12, lies in a plane which is common to the line of contact of the cutter teeth with the comb teeth, and the line of contact between the cutter and its driving pins, 4. If, then, as the result of unequal wear of the guides, 2", the knife is forced to deviate from its original path of reciprocation, its plane will be tilted in one direction or another about the center of the boss, 12, this single point of catedcenter in the frame.

12, but this slipping movement will evidently occur about the fixed center of the boss, 12, as a controlling center.

The fitting, 11, is preferablymade removable from the comb, 1, to facilitate the regrinding of the surface of the comb from which it necessarily projects; and, as illustrated, the fitting is made as a stamping formed of sheet metal and provided with tangs, 11 which yieldingly engage the walls of the apertures, 1, in the comb, 1. WVhile the concave bearing, 11, sufficiently engages the boss, 12, to prevent lateral shifting of the comb with respect to the frame, the comparatively loose and yielding mounting of the tie bolt, 9, would tend to permit a rotative shifting of the comb about the axis of the boss, 12, by reason of the frictional drag of the cutter, 3, in operation. To prevent such rotative movement of the comb, there are provided stop pins, 13, which are eccentrically carried at the endsof the threaded body portions, 13, secured into the frame, 2, as indicated in Figs. 5 and 6. The threads are made tight enough to retain the stops, 13, at any desired position of rotative adjustment, but it will be seen that when the stops are thus set, they will not only prevent rotative shifting of the comb, 1, but also any appreciable tilting of the comb in accommodation to wear of the cutter guides, 2. Such Wear, however, is extremely gradual, and it is intended that occasionally by means of a screw driver the stops, 13, shall be rotated out of contact with the walls of the apertures, 1, to permit the comb and the cutter to assume such position as the wear of the guides, 2*, shall require; and in case of unequal Wear of such guides, permitting the comb to rock about the center of the boss, 12, in following the slight tilt of the cutter which is caused by such unequal wear, without any lateral shifting of the comb relative to the cutter at the line of contact of the cutter teeth, and thuswithout any disturbance of the relation between the two sets of teeth. This re-adjustment of the parts, which, if permitted at sufficiently frequent intervals, will be almost imperceptible in amount, Will take place immediately upon is made with a much larger radius than that shown in F i 5, but about a similarly 10- In this form it is not necessary to extend the concave socket from the comb such socket being formed in the comb itself at 1, by slightly deforming. the material at this point.

In addition to the customary taper connection between the ferrule, 14, of the flexible shaft casing, 15, and the tool head, 2, the present construction includes a squared shoulder, 2, and a correspondingly squared socket, 14, by which the tool'head will be prevented from rotating within the ferrule if the tapered connection at 14* should be jarred loose by the vibration of the tool. This greatly enhances the safety of the tool and gives the workman time to tighten the taper joint before any serious damage is done by its looseness.

I claim 1. In a,c1ipper comprising a grooved cutter and means for reciprocating it, a guide engaging the groove of the cutter, said guide being shorter than the cutter and the latter being mounted to with one end withdrawn inward from one end of the guide atv one limit of its travel, said cutter having an aperture leading from the bottom of its groove and positioned to pass the other end of the guide in each vibration of the cutter to receive the abraded particles of said guide.

2. In a clipper comprising a frame, a vibrating cutter guided for movement thereon, a fixed comb and means holding it yieldingly to the frame with its teeth in contact with the vibrating cutter, a heel bearing for said comb comprising a spherical boss on the frame, the comb bein provided with a spherically formed soc et to seat on said boss, and adjustable stops on the frame engaging the comb to prevent rotation thereof about the axis of said spherical boss.

3. In a clipper comprising a frame, a vibratin cutter guided for movement thereon, a fixed comb and means holding it-yieldingly to the frame with its teeth in contact with the vibrating cutter, and a heel bearing for said comb comprising a spherical boss on the frame, and a fitting removably secured to the comb and extending from the face thereof to said boss, said fitting having a spherically formed socket adapted to seat on the boss.

4. In a clipper comprising a frame, acutter mounted for vibration thereon, a rotary driving shaft journaled in said frame and a cross head operatively engaged with said driving shaft, means projecting from the cross head for driving engagement with said cutter, and guiding means in the frame engaging the cross head, said cutter engaging means being disposed directly below said cross head guide, a fixed comb and means holding it yieldingly to the frame with its teeth in contact with the vibrating cutter, and a heel-bearing for said comb comprising a spherical boss on the frame, the comb being provided with a spherically formed socket adapted to seat on the boss, and the center of the spherical boss being located substantially in a plane which contains also the line of contact of the extremities of the cutter edges with the comb and the approximate points of engagement between the driving projections of the cross head and the said cutter.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand at Chicago, Illinois, this 12th day of December, 1913.

JOHN BODENE.

Witnesses:

L. H. LA- CHANGE, RoBT. N. BURTON.

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