US1121957A - Melting-furnace. - Google Patents

Description

P. VBRGNANI.

MELTING PURNAGE..

APPLICATION FILED MAY 3, 1911. 1,121595'?, Patented Dec. 22, 1914.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

THE NORRIS PETERS CO., PHD'lv-LJTHO., wAsHlNun/rv. u.

P. VBRGNANI.

MELTING FURNAGE.

APPLIGATION'HLBD MAY 3,1911.

vPatented Dec. 22, 1914.

Inventor wf 1% 4 7 m1 J 99% 3N b 7 7 VMO/ s m D 3 m@ m f wUd 3 HU Z M P H M POQJH? 7 5L de 39 ,9 m..

THE MORRIS FEfr Hs C0 mm1() L/THo.. WASHINGIGN. D. Cv

P. VERGNANI.

MELTING IURNACE. APPLICATION HLED MAY 3,1911.

Patented DBG. 22, 1914.

4 SHEETS-SHEET a.

ANGIQN. D C

P. VERGNANI.

MBLTING FURNACE.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 3.1911.

1, 1 21 ,957. Patented Deo. 22, 1914.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

THE NRR/s PETERS Cu. F'HolO-LITHQ, WASHINUTQN n l llNlT STATES PATENT FFCF.

PIETRO VERGNANI, F SOMERVLLE, MASSACHUSETTS.

MELTING-FURNACE.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Dec. 22, 1914.

Application led May 3, 1911. Serial No. 624,836.

. senting like parts.

This invention relates to metal furnaces and pertains more particularly to a furnace for the fusion of metals and having various features of improvement over those heretofore known in the art.

vation of my invention.

For illustration l have shown in the accompanying drawings one of the embodiments of which my invention is susceptible.

ln the drawings: Figure l is a front ele- Fig. 2 a rear elevation of Fig. l, with portions of the carriage and fire dome broken away. Fig. 3 is a section on line 3-3 of Fig. il looking in the direction of the arrow. Fig. is a section on line l-l of Fig. 2 looking in the direction of the arrow. Fig. 5 is an enlarged detail of the fire dome lifting drum. Fig.

` 6 is an enlarged section on line 6-6 of Fig.

3 looking in the direction of the arrow. Fig. '7 is an enlarged section on line 7 7 of Fig. 3 looking in the direction of the arrow. Fig. 8 is an enlarged section on line 8 8 of Fig. 3 looking in the direction of the arrow. Fig. 9 is an enlarged section on line 9-9 of Fig. 52 looking in the direction of the arrow. Fig. l0 is a section on line 10-10 of Fig. 2. Fig. 11 is a modified form of carriage.

lt is understood herein that` the terms used are in the generic and descriptive sense and not as limitations as the latter will be defined within the proper scope of the claims.

Referring to Fig. l of the drawings, a pair of vertical frames -10 are supported upon a carriage 1l mounted upon traction wheels 12-12 and 13-13. The trailer end of the carriage is provided with ears 14-14 integral therewith to receive the trunnions l5-l5 of the wheels 13-13 The draft end of the carriage is provided with vertical eX- tensions or hangers 16-16 to receive the vertical pivots 17-17 of the wheel forks 18-18 engaging the trunnions 19-19 of the wheels i2-12. By this means the draft wheels Yl2-12 are constructed to turn about the pivots 17-17 in order that the carriage may be turned or moved in the desired direction. n

A drop handle 20 pivotedin the ears 31H21 on the carriage, is adapted to be raised from the draft position and locked to the frame l0 when the furnace is in operation and when' it is desired to move the carriage about the shop or foundry the Vsaid handle is lowered to the draft position and the operator thereby moves the furnace where desired. Other means may be employed to accomplish the desired result when the furnace is of sufficient size and weight as to be beyond the strength of one or two yf operators.

rlhe furnace proper is located between the frames 10-10 and it may be of any desirable and proper shape or conformation. Herein have illustrated the furnace body as slightly frusto-conical and having therein a heating chamber 26. This body is compara# tively thin and may be a single casting or built up of steel plates and provided with a relatively thick lining of refractory or fire f resisting material 27. y

At two diametricallyv opposite points on the furnace body l provide trunnions 28 and 29 that enter bearings 30 and 3l in the frames lO-lO in order that the furnace body y Q5 may be rotated between the said frames. A nut and check-nut on the trunnion 28, and the worm gear v32 on the trunnion 29, engage with the outside faces of the bearings 30 and 31 respectively to prevent springing and i warping of the frames 1010. |The worm gear 32 is locked to the trunnion 29 and yis rotated by a worm 33 splined to a shaft 34 ]ournaled in bearings 35 located on the frame 10, see Figs. 2 and d. To rotate the 5.5

shaft 34 l provide any suitable mechanism or power motor depending upon the size and weight of the furnace. In the larger sizes of furnaces l will drive the shaft 34 by means of an electric motor while in the smaller sizes l will providehand vpower mechanism. Herein l haveA illustrated a bevel gear 37 splined to the shaft 34C and driven by the bevel gear 38 secured to the shaft 39 in the bearing 40 on the frame 10. A hand wheel Ll1 is splined on the shaft 39 at the opposite end of the bearing 40,

Pf means of the above described mechanism, steady and careful pouring of the metal is accomplished as will be more fully described hereinafter, but the reversal of this mechanism may be too slow in 'opera-` tion when it is desirable to return the furnace more Quickly to the normal position to stop the flow of metal or to prevent an accident. To this end l provide mechanism to unlock the worm gear from the trunnion 29 so that the furnace can be restored to the normal position by quick return means. Herein for convenience l have .illustrated the worm gear 32 as normally clutched at elf-to the sliding sleeve 46 featl ered at 47 to the trunnion 29. A circumferential groove /l-E on said sliding sleeve is ing the stop pin 56 in any one of the designed to receive the rollers t9 on the swinging end of a forked hand lever pivoted at 5l to bearing 40 on the frame lll; see Figs. 2 and l. By moving the handle end of the hand lever 50 in the direction of the arrow in Fig. 2, the free end thereof will slide the sleeve 4:6 axially of the trunnion 52,9 thereby disengaging the teeth on said sleeve at from the teeth on the worm gear 32 and the trunnion will be free to rotate while the worm gear will be held. stationary by the worm 33. Assuming that at the time the above operation takes place the furnace is in the dotted line position illustrated in Fig. 3 it can be moved to the full .line position by the operator who grasps the handle and pulls the same downward. This handle 53 may be secured to the furnace in any suitable manner, preferably however it may be connected with or form a part of a safety device to prevent damage or injury if the furnace should continue its movement in the pouring direction or to preifent its swinging back in the reverse direction and to the normal position too suddenly when there is any considerable weight of metal left in the furnace at the time and the operator fails to grasp the handle 53 at the unclutching of the worm gear 32 from thetrunnion. llt is apparent that any suitable limiting means designed to act on the furnace body and limit the movement thereof, will accomplish the above mentioned result. I have illustrated a simple means or safety device composed of a segment 54 integral with the handle 53, and attached to the furnace body 25 about the trunnion 29. The said segment is adiacent to .the frame l0, and through the former is a plurality of staggered holes 55 to receive a removable stop pin 56 projecting in the path of the stop 57 on the frame. By placholes 55 the furnace will be limited in the pouring movement about the axis thereof. From the point 60 on said segment 54 the segment and handle are free from attachment or contact with the furnace body in every way and is bent toward the frame l0 thereby forming a spring member bearing against the said frame with increasing' pressure as the furnace moves to the normal position. In order lthat the furnace may not swing by the normal position while it is so moving against the tension of the spring segment 54, l provide the said segment with holes 6l adapted to receive a removable stop pin GQ that projects in the path of a stop 63 on the frame l0. By this means the downward or return movement of the furnace is checked andmust finally stop when the stop pin (32 contacts with the stop 63.

ln carrying out my invention, l in this embodiment thereof provide a. fuel burner with means to feed and regulate fuel thereto and further means in combination with said fuel burner to regulate and vary the combustion of the fuel ejected therefrom. The said burner may be of any desired type employed for burning oils, and it .may be located at any desired and proper point relative to the furnace body, mostnecessary to produce the best results. l may employ one burner or l may provide a pluralit)7 of burners of a. single type or they may be of different types in order to gain the most desirable result or the highest eiliciency depending upon the nature and kind of furnace employed. ln the present embodiment of the invention, l have illustrated a single burner depending from the bottom of the furnace body 25. l

'llo the construction and arrangement of the burner illustrated and described, l am not limited thereto except as pointed out in the appended claims, as any eflicient oil burner will produce good results. However certain new results are produced by the burner illustrated that makes it specially applicable to this type of furnace and gives more ehicient .results as will be described hereinafter.

The burner 55 is secured to the furnace body in any suitable .manner or it may be integral therewith and is provided with a central bore or combustion chamber G6 having a. lining 67 of refractory or fire resisting material. rlhe combustion chamber (35 communicates with the heating chamber QG at the bottom thereof and the lire therefrom is directed upward and throughout the said heating chamber by means of the flaring neck 68. rlihe end of the seid combustion chamber 66 opposite the junction thereof with the furnace is provided with a nozzle or fuel. jet 70 to which the oil is fed and vaporized. Owing to the intense heat generated I preferably employ refractory material for the nozzle 70 and secure the same to a base 7l supported by links 72 pivoted at 73 to ears 74 on the outside of the burner 65. To enable the nozzle 70 to be readily removed for renewal or repairs, l preferably slot the ends 75 of the base 7 .'l passing thereinto the rounded loweil part of the links 72772 and pivot on the ends thereof bifurcated eccentric cams 76--76 adapted to engage the base 7l on either side of slots to clamp said base to the squared ends 77H7 7 of the links as illustrated in Fig. 2. l/Vhen said cams 76-76 are moved in the opposite direction to that illustrated in Fig. 2, the base is unclamped from the links 72--72. l/Vhen this is done the links may be turned about the pivots 73-73 to free the base therefrom and the said base may be withdrawn from the combustion chamber 66. combustion chamber are readily accessible for all purposes and the assembling can be done in a moments time.

Fuel is supplied to the nozzle 70 in any suitable manner, preferably however it is admitted to said nozzle through separate conduits 80 and 81 leading from the bottom of the base 71 to the top thereof and into chambers 83 and 84: respectively. The chamber 83 is substantially semi-circumferential and supplies a plurality of vertical. passages S5 emptying into the trough shaped portion S6 located just below the top of the nozzle. This trough permits of use as a pilot light and also to volatilize the fuel within the nozzle chambers S3 and 811 and serves when desired the purpose of enriching the hydrocarbon mixture emitted from the main jets in the nozzle. The chamber 84 supplied from the conduit 81, is radial and does not communicate with the chamber 83. Arising centrally of the nozzle 70 and communicating with the chamber Sel are a plurality of jets 87 through which the main body of hydrocarbon is projected into the combustion chamber 66 and there burned. A circumferential trough 88 below the trough 86 is for the purpose of catching and burning therein any overflow of fuel from the trough 86 and jets 87. In order to obtain a complete combustion of the hydrocarbon, more or less oxygen is admitted to the combustion ychamber 66 preferably in varying quantities and at different heights relative to the burner as the diiferent conditions of fuel and the atmosphere vary. For convenience of illustrating the manner in which this may be accomplished, the body of the burner 65 terminates a short distance above the nozzle and there is provided means for admitting between said burner and nozzle, oxygen in greater or less volume at varying heights. Removably secured to the extreme end of the burner 65 and holding the same thereto by means of screws 90 beneath a flange 91, is a tubular member 93 having therethrough a plurality of rectangular openings 94 for the admission of oxygen to the combustion chamber 66. The entering oxygen and the volatilized fuel emitted from the jets 87 coinmingle and when properly proportioned forms a mixture that is easily and highly combustible. The proper proportions cannot be assured at all times if the differentr elements were ad- 'Ihus the base and mitted in the same quantities under dierent atmospheric conditions and if the fuel varies in calories. To vary the amount of oxygen and also admit the same at varying heights through the rectangular openings 941, I preferably provide a verticallyv movable tubular damper member 101 having therethrough slots 102 that register with the openings 9st in the tubular member 93. l/ihen said tubular damper 101 is moved axially in either direction the point of admission of the oxygen'is raised or lowered relative to the nozzle 70 depending upon the direction of the movement. This is due to the fact that the slots 102 are shorter than the openings 91. When the movement is continuously in one direction, as forexample when the tubular damper 101 is moved upward, theblank portion 103 on said damper will if moved far enough entirely close the openings 91 and the same effect is obtained in the reverse direction by the blank portion 10-'1 approaching the edge of the nozzle 70 where the said edge limits the lower point of admission of oxygen. In oruer to accomplish the movement of the damper in an axial manner, I `support the same on trunnions 105-105 passing through the lower ends of links 106-106 suspended from a bifurcated hand lever 107 extending circumferentially of the body of the burner 65. The hand lever 107 is pivoted at 108 to an ear 109 on said burner and is provided with and thereby held in any desired position by a spring pressed pawl 110 engaging notches on a segment 111 secured in any suitable manner to the burner 65 or to the furnace body 25. The use of a mechanism of this character enables the damper 101 to be locked in the adjusted position.

Interposed between the fuel reservoir 115 shown diagrammatically in Fig. 1, and the base 71 is the fuel supply and control means with mechanism therefor for quickly detaching the same from the base 71. The fuel reservoir 115 may or may not be attached to the frame 10..` Ihen not attached a single reservoir may supply one orv more furnaces with fuel and be detachable from all of said furnaces.

I will proceed first to describe the fuel supply and control means and then I will describe the manner of attaching the same to the base 71.

The fuel supply means consists of fuel pipes 116 and .117 leading from the conduits and 81 respectively, to the fuel. valves 118 and 119 respectively supported by a protecting hood 120 secured in any suitable manner to the furnace body 25. An air pipe 121 connected at 122 with the fuel pipe 117 leads to the air valve 123 also supported by the hood 120. The said hood 120 is provided for `the. purpose of protecting the valves 118, 119, and 123 fromdthe action of the heat radiati'no" from a fire dome, to be hereinafter descri'ed, when said fire dome is raised and the furnace is in the pouring position and the said valves are beneath said dome as illustrated in dotted lines in Fig. 3.

In order to provide a means to determine the amount of opening of the valves just referred to, I preferably employ pointers on the handles of the valves to indicate on their respective scales on a graduated plate 126 secured to the hood 120, the relative degree of opening for each valve.

A branch coupling 128 connects the valves 118 and 119 to a common fuel supply pipe 129 leading to the fuel reservoir 115. This supply pipe 129 is detachable from the branch coupling 128 by means of any connection or coupling of suitable construction requiring' a relative partial turn to connect or disconnect the same.

The manner in which the fuel is forced from the tank 115 to the pipe 129 is common to many fuel feeding devices and may consist of a pump located along the pipe 129 or compressed air may be forced into the tank or reservoir 115 at the top thereof by means of an air compressor shown diagramma-tr cally in Fig. 1.

The air valve is detachable from an air supply pipe by means of a quarter turn coupling' 136 similar in construction to the coupling 180. This air pipe is also connected to an air compressor 136. By this means I can force any quantity of air directly into the fuel and heat the same at the same time that the fuel is volatilized.

The manner in which the fuel pipes 116 and 117 are attached to the base 71 preferably require a coupling means that is readily and quickly attached Without going to the time and trouble of unscrewing a coupling or coupling nut or the like with the attendant troubles of damaged threads and lost bolts every time the parts are detached. Detaching these parts will occur frequently as the fire proof linings will require repairs and renewal. 1 have illustrated herein a means for quickly removing the said pipes 116 and 117 consisting of tapered sleeves 140 on said pipes fitting into similarly tapered seats 1-11 in the conduits 80 and 81. Rotatable collars A142 having thereon at diametrically opposite points a pair of tapered .lugs 143 are adapted to engage With a pair of oppositely tapered lugs 1&4: integral With the base`71 and located at diametrically opposite points about each of the conduits 80 and 81. See Figs. 3 and 8. By this means the Asleeves Will be forced tightly to the seats 141 in the respective conduits when the coacting lugs are forced together. Handles 145 integral With the rotatable collars 142 provide a ready means for turning said collars in either direction to cause the lugs to'engage or' disengage.

Auxiliary tW'yers 150 are spaced about the body of the furnace and are adapted to furnish further oxygen above the burner 65 to assist in a more complete combustion of the fuel about the point of the'greatest mass of metal Within the furnace. Slides 151 cover the outer ends of these tWyers and are adapt ed to slide in guides 152 so that as circums stances demand, more or less air can be admitted at this point to increase the rate of combustion Within the furnace body.

lVithin the heating chamber 26 I provide any suitable refractory or fire resisting container for the reception of the metals to be melted. This container may be integral with the lining 27 and may be of any desired conformation so long as sufficient space surrounding the same is providedk foil the action of the heating agent. Preferably howeverfor convenience and for the ease with which the same can be renewed I provide or utilize standard size crucibles 155 of smaller diameter than the diameter of said heating chamber 26 and set and space the Crucible concentrically Within the fusion chamber.

A plurailty of radial blocks 156 arise from the bottom of the fusion chamber 26 at the point Where the burner 65 joins the former. .A disk or biscuit 157 is adapted to set Within notches 158 at the top of the blocks 156. .d

This biscuit 157 serves the double purpose of supporting the Crucible 155 and prevents erosion thereof at the bottom by the hot gases impinging thereagainst.

@ne or more lire resisting wedges 160 placed between the crucible 155 and the Wall of the heating chamber 26 at the top thereof are adapted to hold the said Crucible in place centrally of the heating chamber and keep the pouring spout or lip 161 on the crucible against the pouring lip 162 cut through the furnace body or the lining 27. By this means the crucible 155 is securely wedged in place and cannot fall out When the furnace body is in an inverted or partially inverted position during pouring.

An upturned annular flange 168 surrounding the inner edge of vthe lining 27 of the fusion chamber 26 is adapted to be received Within an annular depression 164 in the edge of a lire resisting lining 165 Within a substantially semi-spherical lire arch or i'ire dome 166. This method of construction effectually closes the joint between the two members last mentioned by directing the burning gases past the outer joint between the same.

The lire dome 166 is adapted to rest upon the top edge of the furnace body 25 to in close the heating chamber 26 and concentrate the lieating agent all about the crucible 155 While the metal is being melted. lVhen the metal has reached the molten stage and is at the proper pouring temperature, I preferably raise the fire dome 166 from the furnace body 25 so that said body may be swung about the trunnions 28 and 29 to pour the metal direct from the Crucible 15o without removing the same from the heating Chamber 26. For the purpose of raising said fire dome 166, I provide the same with diametrically opposed cars 167 to which are secured lifting Chains 168 passing upward and over a pair of pulleys 169 between a pair of ears 170 on a cross frame 171 secured to the frames 10-10. The upper ends of the Chains 168 are secured to ears 172 on a forked lifting lever 173 pivoted at 174 to ears 175 on the cross frame 171. This lifting lever 173 is provided with an adjustable counterweight bar 176 clamped within a yoke on the former by means of a set-screw 177. A counter-weight 178 is movable along said bar 17 6 and is secured thereto by means of a set-screw 179. To a ring 180 integral with the Counter-weight bar 176 is secured a lifting cable 181 the opposite end thereof passing about a flanged winding drum 182 on a shaft 183 mounted in bearings 184 on the frame 10. A hand wheel 185 on the shaft 183 enables the operator to turn the wind ing drum 182 to wind up the cable 181 thereby pulling down the counter-weight 178 and bar 17 6 thus lifting the forked lifting lever 173 to pull up the fire dome 166. A ratchet 186 on the edge of one flange on the winding drum 182, engages with a drop pawl 187 thus to prevent unwinding of the Cable 181 from the drum 182 when the fire dome is in the raised position. Preferably the fire dome 166 is arranged to be guided in a vertical manner by means of diametrically opposed grooved uides 189 engaging with the slides 190 on the frames 10-10. The guides 189 are so constructed and arranged that they may be unclamped and moved radially inward toward the center of the re dome 166 and freed from engagement with the slides 190. For this purpose the said guides are provided with Shanks 191 adapted to be received within bushings 192 integral with the re dome 166. Clamp screws 193 secure the shanks 191 in the desired position within the bushings 192. This construction permits the fire dome 166 to be detached from the slides 190 and thereby removed from between the frames 10-10 when it is necessary to renew or to repair the lining 165.

1n order to properly handle the re dome 166 and entirely remove the same from between-the'frames 10-10 l preferably provide a swinging crane 195 pivoted at 196 to ears 197 on the frame 10 opposite to that frame 10 carrying the dome lifting drum 182. The boom 198 yof the crane 195 is provided with journals 199 within which is a -rotatable shaft 200 carrying a winding drum 201 provided with a ratchet 202 engaging a pawl 203. A relatively large hand wheel 204 is securely keyed to the shaft 200 to turn said shaft and drum 201. A pair of lifting chains 205-205 are secured to the winding drum201 at diametrically opposite points in order that they will be wound up simultaneously when the said drum is rotated. rfhese chains 205 pass abut idlers 206 and over pulleys 207 depending therefrom. The lowerfends of the said chains are provided with relatively thin and deep seated hooks 208 adapted to hook beneath the shanks 191 on the guides 189 thereby to lift the fire dome 166.

An opening 210 near the top of the fire dome 166 is closed with a removable block 211 adapted to be withdrawn from said opening when it is necessary to inspect the contents of the Crucible 155 and to permit pf testing the same with a pyrometer or the I provide herein a combustion flue 215 at the top of the dome 166 to carry off the hot gases and products of combustion arising from the fusion chamber 26. The flue 215 is lined with fire resisting material throughout. Bolts 217 secure the flue 215 to thefiange 218 on the fire dome 166 in order that the saidv bolts may be withdrawn to permit removal of the said flue when it is necessary to reline either the flue or dome. The flue 215 projects within and slides vertically in a short stack 220 secured to the cross frame 171 bolted to the frames 10-10. The stack 220 is provided with a refractory lining 221 to prevent erosion thereof by the hot gases arising from the combustion chamber 26.

A modified form of my carriage 11 is illustrated in Fig. 11. 1n this embodiment the carriage 11 has pivoted thereon at 224 a rotatable sub-base on which is mounted the frames 10--10 This construction enables the entire furnace to be rotated about the pivot 224 thus enabling two lines of flasks or molds to be served when the travcling space between them is too narrow to permit turning the entire carriage within the restricted space.

y The operation of my invention is as follows: The Crucible 155 is placed in position within the fusion chamber 26 and wedged therein by the wedges 160. I have assumed that at this time the fire dome 166 is in the raised position shown in dotted lines in Fig. 3 and the furnace body 25 is in the full line position shown in the same figure. The Crucible is now loaded with the metal it is desired to melt and the iire dome 166 is permitted to descend in the proper position on top of the furnace body 25. rIhe heating chamber is now entirely inclosed to concentrate the fire about the Crucible 155. The furnace is now in position beneath a hood or flue 230 see Fig. 1 communicating with the atmosphere without the building. The fuel coupling 13() is now connected to the branch coupling 128 thereby providing a supply conduit leading from the fuel reservoir through the common supply pipe 129 the said branch coupling 128, the valves 118 and 119 and their respective fuel pipes 116 and 117 to the conduits 80 and 81 respectively within the burner 65. The quarter turn coupling 136 is also connected joining the air compressor 137 with its supply pipe to the air valve 123 and the air pipe 121. The valve 118 is now opened to permit fuel to fow therethrough to the pipe 116 through the conduit 8O to the chamber 83. From the chamber 83 the fuel is forced upward through the vertical passages 85 and spreads about the trough 86. This fuel is ignited and allowed to burn in the said trough. When the trough 8G has been heated to the proper temperature to volatilize the fuel admitted to the chamber 84 the valve 1.19 is opened to permit fuel to iiow to said chamber. During this time the rectangular openings 94 have been open to admit `sufficient oxygen to maintain the proper combustion of the fuel burned in the trough 86. When the fuel admitted to the chamber 84 has forced its way through the jets 87 and has become ignited the air valve 123 is opened very slightly to admit a quantity of air to the main body of fuel within the chamber 84 there to commingle with said fuel and force the same upward toward the combustion chamber 26. This admits of an initial mixture of oxygen and fuel. r1`he damper 101 is now moved up or down to change the point of admit-:siony of oxygen and give a greater or less passage through the openings 94,. The auxiliary twyers are opened to the necessary extent to promote more intense combustion about the main body of metal. When the main jets 87 are in proper working order the pilot light may be turned down to burn very low to provide just enough flame to ignite the main jet in case it should be blown out by the force of the air from the pipe 121 or the entering oxygen. When the lining 67 has become highly heated this is not so likely to happen as the red hot walls thereof will tend to keep the main jet lighted. lVhen the metal has reached the proper pouring temperature the valves 118, 119, and 123 are closed and the couplings 130 and 136 are disconnected from their respective parts and the furnace is now ready to be moved to the flask or mold to be filled with the metal. The drop handle 20 is lowered and grasped by the operator who pulls the furnace in the desired direction and alongside of the mold. r1`he operator now grasps the hand wheel v and turns the same to yraise the fire dome by means of the mechanism here# Llanes? inbefore described. When the dome 166 is in the position illustrated in Fig. 3, the operator moves the handle lever 50 in the reverse direction of the arrow in Fig. 2 thereby locking the worm gear 32 to the trunnion 29. XVhen this is done the operator grasps the hand wheel 4.1 and rotates it in the proper direction to revolve the furnace about its trunnions .to pour the metal from the Crucible without removing the same from the furnace. 'fhe metal runs out by the lip 161 in a thin stream and enters the gate of the flask until the flask is full. When it is noticed that the flask is about full the hand lever is moved in the direction of the arrow Fig. 2 disengaging the teeth onthe sleeve from the teeth. on the worm gear v32 when the furnace will swing back to the upright position. The furnace is now ready to be run to the next flask and the above operations repeated. Wlhen the furnace is emptied of the metal it is ready to be recharged and the above operations repeated.

1 have described herein one embodiment of my invention; but it is to be understoodthat the latter is not essentially limited to the specific details of construction andv organization of said embodiment, since the same may be variedvw'ithout departing from the proper scope of the claims.

Claims:

1. 1n a furnace, an axially movable furnace body, as described, a fusion vchamber therein, a relatively movable fire dome for said chamber, a frame to support said furu nace body, a carriage for said frame, and vertical pivotal means interposed between said frame and said carriage to permit relative rotation between said frame and carriage.

In a furnace, a carriage, traction wheels therefor', a frame on said carriage including vertical pivotal means to permit relative rotation between said carriage and frame, a furnace body including a fusion chamber, trunnions on said furnace body to engage bearings in said frame, bearings in said frame to support said furnace body, detachable rotating mechanism secured to said frame and adapted to lock to one of said trunnions to rotate the furnace body in either direction, means to supply heat to said fusion chamber, means for supplying oxygen to said heating means in varying quantities, a fire dome for said vfurnace body, mechanism on said frame to move said fire dome relative to` said furnace body, a counter-weight on said lastl mentioned mechanism, and guides on said fire dome to engage said frame.

3. In a. furnace, a carriage, traction wheels therefor, vertical pivotal mechanism on said carriage,- a frame including pivotal means Yto coact with the pivotal-mechanism on said carriage, bearings in said fra-me, A

vertical slides on said frame, a furnace body including a fusion chamber and trunnions to engage said bearings, mechanism on said frame adapted to engage With said trunnions to rotate the furnace body in either direction, means to supply and control liquid fuel to said fusion chamber, a fire dome for said fusion chamber, guides on said fire dome adapted to engage the vertical slides on said frame, and mechanism on said frame to engage said re dome to move the same along said slides.

4. In a furnace, a portable carriage and frame, a furnace body pivoted on said frame, a fusion chamber in said furnace body, a relatively movable fire dome for said fusion chamber, means on said re dome to engage said frame to be guided thereby, mechanism to engage said fire dome to impart movement thereto relative to said fusion chamber, and means adapted to engage said fire dome to remove the same from moving relation With said fusion chamber. ln testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification, in the presence of two subscribing Witnesses.

PIETRO VERGNANI. Witnesses z uEoRGE M. CLOUGH, EDWIN T. LUCE.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for ve cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents.

Washington, D. C.

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