US1121187A - Photographic-printing process. - Google Patents

Photographic-printing process. Download PDF

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US1121187A
US1121187A US70903412A US1912709034A US1121187A US 1121187 A US1121187 A US 1121187A US 70903412 A US70903412 A US 70903412A US 1912709034 A US1912709034 A US 1912709034A US 1121187 A US1121187 A US 1121187A
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dye
color
print
imbibition
bath
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Frederic Eugene Ives
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Priority to US70903412A priority Critical patent/US1121187A/en
Priority to AT74223D priority patent/AT74223B/de
Priority to FR463737A priority patent/FR463737A/fr
Priority to US709034A priority patent/US1160288A/en
Priority to NL5006A priority patent/NL3790C/nl
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
    • G03C7/00—Multicolour photographic processes or agents therefor; Regeneration of such processing agents; Photosensitive materials for multicolour processes
    • G03C7/22—Subtractive cinematographic processes; Materials therefor; Preparing or processing such materials
    • G03C7/25—Dye-imbibition processes; Materials therefor; Preparing or processing such materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/40—Manufacture
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
    • G03C8/00—Diffusion transfer processes or agents therefor; Photosensitive materials for such processes
    • G03C8/42—Structural details
    • G03C8/52—Bases or auxiliary layers; Substances therefor
    • G03C8/56—Mordant layers

Definitions

  • My invention relates to photographic imbibition printing and to the process thereof, hereinbelow described and set forth.
  • the objects of the present improvement are to improve known imbibition processes by improving the manner of dyeing or staining the vehicle or dye member from which the image is afterward lo be inibibed into the print member, to afford a means of controlling the extent or depth of dyeing, to improve the manner ot" treating such e member after applying the dye thereto, to assist and expedite the transfer of the image during imbibition and the lixing thereof in the prlnt member, and to otherwise increase the practicability and superiority of the process of imbibition printing and the perfection and quality of the resulting print or product.
  • the dye member is rst produced in any known manner that will enable it to selectively create dye images that afteruard Acan be transferred by imbibition, for
  • the dye member may be made in bichromated gelatin by exposure thereof behind a photographic negative, followed by development or washing away of the unaffected gelatin in warm water. This will be capable of selective absorption because of and in proportion to the varying thickness of its gelatin surface, which is preferably in a very tenuous relief.
  • the dye member thus produced is next dyed or stained, for example by immersing it in a dye bath, after which it is dried by hanging up or otherwise.
  • a print member as it may be called, will have been previously prepared, it being of such nature as to be capable of receiving the dye image by imbibition from the dye member, and the print member having a pervious back, for example of paper, which 1s preferred to be coated with a hardened and mordanted gelatin surface somewhat thicker than the elatin of the dye member and insoluble 1n boiling water.
  • the two members will then be disassembled and dried, being preferably dried before disassemblage to assist the transfer of dye ⁇ and then stripped apart.
  • the successive dye images would preferably be of yellow, peacock-blue and magenta.
  • any dye which has once passed into the print member is converted into an insoluble color lake, so that none of it is likely to be absorbed by the gelatin of another dye member subsequently applied, or by anythin else with which it ma come in contact.
  • t is also found that y the present improvement the transfer of color rom cach dyed relief to the rint member is more complete, thereby ren ering the results more permanent and definite.
  • alizarin dyes for the reason that they have no specific affinity for gelatin, but on the contrary are capable of orming insoluble lake with proper mordants, and they are moreover among the most permanent colors known.
  • the dyes referred to will scarcely color gelatin at all in simple aqueous solutions, but by slightly acidulating the solution the dye is adequately absorbed by the gelatin relief and is thereafter readily given up in the presence of the Water used in imbibition.
  • this preferably should not be a soluble mordant, for example certain soluble aluminum or chrome salts, for then some of the mordant would be carried into the relief and operate to fix the color there instead of permitting its complete transfer to the print; on the contrary an insoluble mordant should be used, such for example as certain insoluble alumina and chrome mordants.
  • the particular dyes which I prefer to use for the production of trichromatic printsb the process of this improvement are as fo lows.
  • Bayers alizarin blue A S 1 gram to one quart of Water, with 1 gram of citric acid and 1 to 3 grams of citrate of otash.
  • magenta pink equal parts o Bayers alizarin rubinol R and rubinol 3 G, with 1 gram of citric acid and 1 to 3 grams of citrate of potash.
  • Bayers sulphon yellow R with 1 gram of citric acid and 1 to 3 ⁇ grams of citrate of potash.
  • the hardened gelatin coated print paper may be mordanted by soaking in a solution consisting of hyposulphate (thiosulphate) of soda 4 ounces, and common alum i ounce, in one quart of Water, freshly mixed, and the solution gradually heated up While the paper is soakin in it until it throws down a copious precipitate. The paper is then washed in several changes of Water, drained and dried.
  • hyposulphate thiosulphate
  • the dye control of this improvement is applicable not only to an imbibition printing process as herein described, but also to the coloring of photo-v graphic reliefs for superposition, such for example as referred to in my U. S. Patent N o. 980,962, patented Jan. 10, 1911.
  • l/Vhatever printing process may be employed, and in the case of multi-color printing whatever mode of superposition is adopted, it is true that reliability and precision depend upon dyeing to a uniform and predetermined depth of color as to each of the colors employed, so that the final or composite prints shall be correct in hue and key without need of recourse to subsequent re-dyeing, reduction or re-touching, which have heretofore been commonly more or less depended upon.
  • the particular dyes which are preferably used in order that their state of solubility may be maintained until fixed in the flnal transfer Will suitably color up the tenuous reliefs only when used in acid solution, and I therefore add to the dye baths a moderate amount of acetic, citric or other suitable acid. It is impossible, however, to satisfactorily regulateathe amount of dye taken up by the reliefs through the quantitative a1- teration of the strength or acidity of the simple acidified dye solution. It is foundyf for example, that any considerable reduction in the acidity or strength of the solution merely renders the dyeing process very much slower without substantial 'change in the final result.
  • the manner of re ulating the ⁇ dye baths may be slightly moified within the principles above stated by putting into each dye bath a definite amount of the dye-solublizing salt and then varying quantitatively the amount of acid; for I have discovered ythat vinthe presence of the solublizing salt the acid Will act to afford quantitative control in an effective way, that was not the case in the absence of the salt.
  • each reliefy print u on removal from the dye bath is preferab y run through an elastic roller press so as to remove the surplus or loose dye, or in lieu thereof passed through a dilute solution of acetic acid, for example a 10% solution of No. 8 acid, which removes dye adherin to the surface Without dissolving out t at contained in the gelatin.
  • the former operation may be carried out by running the dyed relief fresh from the dye bath slowly through an ordinary wringer comprising opposed rubber rolls. This step is advantageous if the relief is subsequently to be contacted dry with the print member and imbibition instituted under pressure in accordance with my prior application No.
  • Alizarin d ve baths which may be employed and controlled successfully by the mode of control above set forth have already been hereinabove referred to.
  • Other dye baths more rapid in action but resulting in prints not so proof from fading by sunlight may be constituted as follows: For vpeacockblue prints a solution of Neptune green Q3 grains to one quart of water. For magenta prints, fast red D extra 15 grains and acid Iozazeine B eXtra 8 grains to one quart of Water. For yellow prints, brilliant yellow 23 grains to one quart of water.
  • the colors named are acid colors and will ordinarily put too much color into the reliefs, even for use as transparencies if the dyeing is done in simple acid baths, but thisas before stated is corrected by the proper addition of a neutral salt such as neutral citrate of potash which acts to solublize the dye, and thereby reduce its action.
  • a neutral salt such as neutral citrate of potash which acts to solublize the dye, and thereby reduce its action.
  • a bath of Neptune green may be maderslightly, but definitely acid, and then have citrate of potash added until the exact required depth of dyeing is attained, which can be regulated quantitatively with' in wide limits according to the percentage of the salt introduced.
  • citrate of potash will give the required depth for transparencies, whereas by adding a larger amount much weaker coloring is obtained suitable for viewing or superposition upon an opaque white ground.
  • approximate practical proportions of the citrate are designated.
  • bicarbonate of soda maybe used as a controlling agent for increasing the weakness of prints.
  • This procedure consists in a further control afforded by the use of certain definitely constituted washin baths preferably of dilute acetic acid an ⁇ of strengths calculated with reference to the required depth of dyeing.
  • a 5% No. 8 acetic acid bath might slightly reduce a print of transparency strength soaked in it, but the reduction is terminated at a definite point depending exactly upon the degree of acidity of the bath.
  • a very much weaker acetic acid bath will cause much greater but equally definite reduction of color.
  • My preferred plan is to dye the reliefs in dye baths which give possibly a slight excess of color followed by the use of the dilute acetic acid baths which simultaneously wash away surplus dye as described, and also reduce the depth of color slightly to the definitel standard required.
  • ⁇ A solid separator such as a thin non-absorbent film of collodion might be usefully employed preferably in connection with the acidulated water and means of forcingout the water as the solid separator is mechanically extracted.
  • the dye in the relief print is during the act of assemblage liable to run into the. water employed in the imbibition, and thereby uneveiily spread upon or stain the receiving coating of rthe print, and is liable also to rob the relief print of some of its color before the necessar intimate contact of surfaces is obtained.
  • ⁇ his is particularly true of the extremely tenuous, and consequently comparatively strongly dyed, reliefs which it is necessary to use in order to secure continuous intimate contact upon hard gelatin print paper.
  • acidu ated water accomplishes the object specified because constituting a layer which distinctl separates the two surfaces and because o the acid character of the liquid which deters the dye from flow ing.
  • Other li uid separators would be available yas equivalents, and many viscous liquids such as a syrup of dissolved sugar, which will serve to keep the surfaces sufficiently separated to avoid premature or displaced transfer. I prefer, however, the acidulated water.
  • the receiving gelatin for the final print is so much harder as to bear without injury a pressure of the high degree just defined.
  • This feature is available for gelatin prints either on glass or paper. It makes a practical procedure for duplicating lantern slides without positive necessity of any mordant in the gelatin coating on the glass if it is made sufficiently thick and hard.
  • a The film on the glass is preferably to be hardened by soaking it in formalin solution and then drying it without washing.
  • the preferred procedure is to first superpose the respective dyed reliefs upon each other in exact registi-y and then trim one or more or all, preferably two adjacent edges, in exact correspondence so that they may at any time be brought to the same register relatively to each other by placing them against a gage or raised stop upon a given surface.
  • a gage or raised stop upon a given surface.
  • the print or paper which may be Wet is laid face up against the stops
  • a tem poi-ary separator is then placed upon the print, and as before stated I prefer a layer of acidified water which will be flooded over the surface of the print.
  • the inembers will then preferably be clamped at the registered edge or edges or the corner, and the entire assemblage including plate, print and relief promptly run through the high pressure roller press, thus immediately securing intimate contact without smearing of color. and at the same time forcibly removing the temporary separator.
  • the contacting members may be separated and the dve image will be found to be very perfectly transferred to, and fixed in, the coating of the print paper.
  • the time of contact necessarily will vary according to the characters of relief and dyes used.
  • a suitable fixing bath for the urposes hereof can be made with the follbwing proportions, namely, water 30 ounces, No. 8 acetate acid 1 ounce, tannic acid 15 grains, alum 75 grains, acetate of calcium 10 grains.
  • Figure 1 is an enlarged section of a carrier bearing an image in relief.
  • F ig. 2 shows three dyed relief members trimmed at two edges.
  • Fig. 3 is a section of the print member.
  • Fig. 4 shows the registry plate.
  • Fig. 5 shows the print and one relief member placed on the registry plate with liquid separator between them.
  • Fig. 6 shows a section of the registry plate on the plane 6, 6, of Fig. 4.
  • Fig. 7 shows the registry plate, print member and dye carrier passing through the rolls.
  • the dye carrier 11 has the relief 12 at its face, and the transparent backing 13.
  • the color image is constituted by the dye abn sorbed into the relief 12, which varies in thickness.
  • the print 14 consists of the eolloid coating 15 on the paper backing 16.
  • the procedure involves first properly preparing the three d e carriers l1 to be suecessivel registere They may be trimmed or thls pur ose at the adJacent side 28 and end 29. his enables them to successively be brought to corresponding positions upon the aluminum registry plate 30, ⁇ which has a gage 31 for the trimmed corner of each carrier 11, and the gage 32 for the trimmed side.
  • the plate also has a clamp 33 beneath which may be placed the print 14, and on top of that, one of the carriers 11 with a separating layer of liquid 34, between.
  • the clamp 33 clamps together the members 11 and 14.
  • the imbibition process of making multi-color photographic prints comprising the dyeing each of a plurality of the dye members with dye of a character having substantially no specific aiiinity for gelatin, and thereafter successively and in registry transferring the respective dye images so formed by imbibition to a gelatin coated print member charged with an insoluble mordant for the dyes used.
  • the method of making multi-color prints from a set of color-selection negatives comprising the following steps: photographically preparing a positive colloid member from one of such negatives, dyeing the same in a color bath, controlling the action of such color bath by a dye controlling agent incorporated in the bath, and subsequently combining the color image selectively so produced with a color image of another color produced from another of such negatives.
  • the method of making multi-color prints from a set of color-selection negatives comprising the following steps: photographically preparing a positive colloid member from one of such negatives, dyeing the same in a color bath, controlling the action of such color bath by a dye solublizing agent quantitatively incorporated in the bath, and subscquently combining the color image selectively so produced with a color image of another color produced from another of such negatives.
  • the method of making multi-color prints from a set of color-selection negatives comprising the following steps: photographically pre--- .paring a positive colloid member from one of such negatives, dyeing the same in an acid or acidied color bath, controiling the action of such color bath by a dye solublizing agent quantitatively incorporated in the bath, and subsequently combining the color image selectively so produced with a coior image of another color produced from another of such negatives.
  • the method of making multi-color prints from a set of color-selection negatives comprising the following steps: photographically preparing a positive colloid member from one of such negatives, dyeing the same in a color bath, controlling the action of such color bath by a dye solublizing agent quantitativeiy incorporated in the bath, removing surface dye by washing the dyed member in a dilute acid solution and subsequently combining the color image selectively so produced with a color image of another color produced from another of such negatives.
  • the method of making multi-color prints from a set of color-selection negatives comprising the following steps: photographically preparing a positive colloid member from one of such negatives, dyeing the same in a color bath, controlling the action of such color bath by a neutral dye solublizing agent quantitativeiy incorporated in the bath, togather with a quantltative addition of a deposition assisting agent or acid, and subsequently combining the color image selectively so produced with a color image of another coior produced from another of such negatives.
  • the method of making multi-color prints from a set of color-selection negatives comprising the following steps: photographically preparing a positive colloid member from one of such negatives, dyeing the same in a color bath strong with dye and slightly acidified, controlling the action of such color bath by a dye solublizing agent incorporated in definite amount in the bath, and subsequently ,combining the color image selectively so produced with aggregater image of another color produced from another ofsuch negatives.
  • the method of making multi-color prints from a set of color-selection negatives comprising the following steps: photographicaliy preparing a positive colloid member from one of such negatives, dyeing the same in a color bath strong with dye and slightly acidified, controlling the action of such color bath by a neutral dye solublizing agent such as citrate of potash incorporated in definite amount in the bath, and subseqently combining the color image selectively so produced with a color image of another color produced from another of such negatives.
  • a neutral dye solublizing agent such as citrate of potash incorporated in definite amount in the bath
  • the method of making multi-color prints from a set of color-selection negatives compris- ⁇ ing the following steps: photographically preparing from one of such negatives a positive colloid relief to serve as a temporary dye carrier, immersing said carrier 1n a color bath whereby a dye image is roduced by selective absorption, control ing the action oi't' such color bath byla suitable dye controiling agent incorporated in the bath, and subsequently transferring the color image by imbibition to the final print and combining it with an image of another color produced from another of such negatives.
  • the method of making multi-color prints from a set of color-selection negatives comprising the following steps: photograhpically preparing from each of a plurality of such negatives a positive colloid relief to serve as a temporary dye carrier, immersing said carriers in color baths of different colors whereby dye images are produced by selective absorption, controlling the action of each color bath by a suitable dye controlp ling agent incorporated in the bath, and subsequently transferring the several color images by imbibition to a single gelatincoated opaque-black print.
  • the method of making multi-color prints from a set of color-selection negatives comprising the following steps: photographically preparing from one of such negatives a positive colloid relief to serve as a temporary dye carrier, inimersing said carrier in a color bath whereby a dye image is produced by selective absorption, controlling the action of such color bath by a suitable dye solublizing agent quantitatively incorporated in the bath, and subsequently transferring the color image by imbibition to the final print and combining it with an image of another color produced from another of such negatives.
  • the method of making multi-color prints from a set of color-selection negatives comprising the following steps: photographicaliy preparing from one of such negatives a positive colloid relief to serve as a temporary dye carrier, immersing said carrier in an acid color bath whereby a dye image is produced by selective absorption, controlling the action of such color bath by a. suitable neutral dye solublizing agent, quantitatively incorporated in the bath, and subsequently transferring the color image by imbibition to the final print and combining it with an image of another color produced from another of such negatives.
  • the method of making color prints from photographic negatives comprising the following steps: photographically preparing a dye member from such negative, dyeing the same in a color bath to produce a color image, introducing a temporary imbibition-preventing separating means between said dye member and a print member, applying said members to each other while imbibition is so prevented, and thereafter causing the removal of said temporary means, and the imbibition of the dye image from the dye member into the print member, while preventing relative movement between the two members.
  • the method of making a. multi-color print from a plurality of color selection negatives comprising the following steps: preparing a print in one of the colors by one of said negatives, veinally preparing a dye member from another negative, dyeing said dye member in a color bath to produce a coior image, introducing a temporary imbibition-preventing separating means between said dye member and said print member, applying said members to each other and registering them while imbibition is so prevented, and thereafter causing the removal of said temporary means and the imbibition of the dye image from the dye member into the print member, while preof making color prints from photographic negatives comprising the following steps: photographically preparing a dye member from such negative, dyeing the same in a color bath to produce a color image, introducing a layer of imbibition-preventing S0 liquid between said dye member and a print member, applying said members to each other while imbibition is so prevented, and thereafter causing the removal of said liquid layer, and the imbibition of the dye image H5
  • the method of making color prints from photographic negatives comprising the following steps: photographically preparing a dye member from such negative, dyeing the same in a color bath to produce a color image, introducing a layer of imbibition-preventing liquid comprising acidulated water between. said dye member and a'print member, applying said members to each other while imbibition is so prevented, and thereafter causing the removal of said liquid layer, im
  • the method m5 of making color prints from photographic negatives comprising the following steps: photographically preparing a dye member from such negative, dyeing the same in a color bath to produce a color image, intro 310 ducing a layer of imbibitionpreventing liquid between said dye member and a prim*J member, applying said members to each other whiie imbibition is so prevented, and
  • the method of making color prints from photographic negatives comprising the following steps: photographicaily preparing a dye member from such negative, dyeing the same in a color bath to produce a color image, introducing a. layer of imbibition-preventing liquid between said dye memberv and a print member having a hardened gelatin surface, applying said members to each other while imbibition is so prevented, and thereafter causing the removal of said liquid layer, by an advancing or rolling pressure, which secures intimate contact and thereby starts the imbibition, such pressure being of such high degree as would disintegrate the gelatin of the print member if unhardened.
  • the method of making a multi-color print from a plurality of color-selection photographic negatives comprising the following steps: photographical y preparing from each of a pluralit of such negatives a positive colloid relief a apted to serve as a dye carrier, immersing each relief member in a color bath whereby it absorbs color selectively to form a dye image, introducing a temporary imbibition-preventing liquid layer between the said dye carrier member and a gelatin coated print member, registering said members While imbibition is prevented by said liquid layer, and thereafter causing the removal of Said liquid layer and the imbibition of the dye image from the dye carrier into the print member while preventing relative movement between the two members, whereby a plurality of color images are combined in a single print.
  • the method of making a multi-color print from a set of color-selection negatives comprising the following steps: photographically preparing a plurality of dye-members from said negatives, dyeing said dye members to produce color images by selective absorption, trimming said dye members in exact registry, applying the dyed members successive sively face to face against a print member with a temporary imbibition preventing separator ⁇ between the members, gaging the pOsitionofl each dye member by means of the trimmed part thereof, causing said separator to be removed, and causing imbibition to proceed; whereby the several color images are transferred in registry to the common print member.
  • the method of making a multi-color print from arset of color-selection negatives comprising the following steps: photographically preparing a plurality of dye-members from said negatives, dyeing said dye members to produce color images y selective absorption, trimming said dye members in exact registry, applying the dyed members successively face to face against a print member with an imbibition-preventing liquid as acidulated Iwater between the members, gaging the fposition of each dye member by means o the trimmed part thereof, and causing the removal of such liquid by an advancing or rolling pressure which secures intimate ⁇ contact thereby causing imbibition to proceed; whereby the several color images are transferred in registry to the common print member.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
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  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
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US70903412A 1912-03-09 1912-07-12 Photographic-printing process. Expired - Lifetime US1121187A (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US70903412A US1121187A (en) 1912-07-12 1912-07-12 Photographic-printing process.
AT74223D AT74223B (de) 1912-07-12 1913-07-10 Verfahren zur Herstellung von farbigen Photographien.
FR463737A FR463737A (fr) 1912-07-12 1913-07-11 Procédé pour la production de photographies en couleurs, et produit en résultant
US709034A US1160288A (en) 1912-03-09 1914-07-03 Color-photography print.
NL5006A NL3790C (nl) 1912-07-12 1914-07-10 Werkwijze voor het vervaardigen van fotografieen in meerkleurendruk

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US70903412A US1121187A (en) 1912-07-12 1912-07-12 Photographic-printing process.

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AT (1) AT74223B (de)
FR (1) FR463737A (de)
NL (1) NL3790C (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2767649A (en) * 1952-02-15 1956-10-23 Technicolor Motion Picture Method of printing pictures by imbibition
US3505956A (en) * 1964-10-01 1970-04-14 Philip A Pizzi Dye imbibition transfer blank

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2767649A (en) * 1952-02-15 1956-10-23 Technicolor Motion Picture Method of printing pictures by imbibition
US3505956A (en) * 1964-10-01 1970-04-14 Philip A Pizzi Dye imbibition transfer blank

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NL3790C (nl) 1919-11-01
AT74223B (de) 1918-03-11
FR463737A (fr) 1914-03-03

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